Digital Commons Network^™

A Rejoinder, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reply [To “Comment On ‘Dynamics Of Diffusive Bubble Growth In Magmas: Isothermal Case’ By A. A. Proussevitch, D. L. Sahagian, And A. T. Anderson”], Dork L. Sahagian, Alexander A. Prusevich, A. T. Anderson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Stature Change In Prehistoric Maya Of The Southern Lowlands, Marie E. Danforth

Faculty Publications

Since the 1950s, a decline in stature has been offered as evidence of increasing nutritional stress in prehistoric Maya populations, particularly during the Late Classic collapse. A review of the extant skeletal data, however, reveals very inconsistent support for such a decline. The primary explanation for the variation may reside in the small number of skeletal series that have representatives of more than one time period. Other possible explanations include methodological problems associated with stature reconstruction, reliability in sex determination, and variation in health response according to site size and location.

The Structure And Dynamics Of The Cs2 Molecular Ion, Karl Sohlberg, Chan Yibai

Faculty Publications

Several common elementary methods of computing molecular properties, prerequisite to molecular dynamics studies, are tested for their validity for CS+2. Judged sufficiently accurate, these methods are then used to aid in investigating the collisionally activated dissociation of CS+2 upon impact with xenon. Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) unimolecular decay rate calculations are presented and compared to experimental studies employing collisional activation. RRKM theory is shown to reproduce the experimental results for collision energies near threshold. When corrected for vibrational anharmonicity, the RRKM calculation shows agreement with the experimental results over a slightly wider range of energies. A discussion is given on the applicability …

Thomas Hobbes's "A Discourse Of Laws", Noel B. Reynolds

Faculty Publications

The recent discovery that an anonymously published 1620 essay was an early writing of Thomas Hobbes invites investigation of his early thinking. Hobbes relied on mostly classical sources to advance a basically conventionalist theory of law and to anticipate twentieth century analyses of the principles of rule of law such as that made famous by F. A. Hayek.

The Effects Of Gender On Career Decision Problems In Young Adults, Jeffry H. Larson, Mark Butler, Stephan Wilson, Nilufer Medora, Scot Allgood

Faculty Publications

The authors investigated gender differences in psychological problems in the career decision-making (CDM) process of young adults. Specifically, problems with decision anxiety, life-goal awareness, luck-fate orientation, authority orientation, and secondary gain motivation were investigated. Methodology involved administering the Career Decision Diagnostics Assessment (CDDA) instrument to 1,006 college students from four universities. Results indicated no gender differences in global levels of problems in CDM. Women reported more problems with life-goal awareness and authority orientation than did men. Men reported more problems with secondary gain motivations than did women. The results are discussed in terms of implications for gender-differentiated career counseling.

Double Jeopardy Issues In The Financial Sector; Outside Counsel, Richard L. Stone, Jay Facciolo

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

Double jeopardy issues arise regularly in the financial, banking and commodities industries where both civil and criminal statutes and penalties are used in successive prosecutions by federal and state governments to sanction the same conduct.

Recent Supreme Court and federal court decisions have established new standards for determining when civil fines and other civil penalties constitute “punishment” for purposes of the double jeopardy clause of the Fifth Amendment.

These decisions indicate that where a civil penalty imposed by a federal or state actor bears no “rational relation” to any actual damages caused, the penalty will be characterized as punishment …

Anti-Money Laundering Regulations: A Burden On Financial Institutions, Duncan E. Alford

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Justice Defined - It Takes More Than A Single Opinion To Understand How Legal Reasoning And Personal Experience Shape A 24-Year Career, Richard C. Reuben

Faculty Publications

With his retirement in June after participating in more than 800 cases - including his career-identifying 7-2 opinion in Roe v. Wade legalizing abortion - the definition of Harry Blackmun's tenure lies in the seeming contradiction of commitment and flexibility. Along with a steadfast defense of the right to abortion in Roe, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), and successive cases, Blackmun's significance was in the power of his vote. Often overlooked in the public's emphasis on Roe is an appreciation of Blackmun's reflective, methodical, if not occasionally pointed, jurisprudence.

Mesostructure Of Photoluminescent Porous Silicon, David D. Allred, F. Ruiz, C. Vázquez-López, Jesus González-Hernández, G. Romero-Paredes, R. Peña-Sierra, G. Torres-Delgado

Faculty Publications

Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the microstructure of photoluminescent porous silicon (PS) layers formed by the anodic etching (HF:H2O:ethanol), at various current densities, of p-type (100) silicon wafers possessing resitivity in the range 1-2 Ω cm. Existing models for the origin of luminescence in PS are not supported by our observations. Cross-sectional as well as surface atomic force micrographs show the material to be clumpy rather than columnar; rodlike structures are not observed down to a scale of 40 nm. A three-dimensional model of the mesostructure of porous silicon is discussed. Room-temperature …

The Answering Machine Generation - Who Are They And What Problem Do They Pose For Survey Research, Robert W. Oldendick, Michael W. Link

Faculty Publications

Increased incidence of telephone answering machines and the use of such devices to screen calls pose a potential threat to the representativeness of samples in telephone surveys. Using data from nine statewide surveys, this analysis examines the extent to which answering machines are used to screen calls and the demographic characteristics associated with answering machine use and call screening. Results show that at most two to three percent of households use answering machines to screen calls, and that such screening is more likely to take place in households with higher family incomes, outside rural areas, and which include individuals who …

Computer Network Resources For Economists, William L. Goffe

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Raman Spectroscopic Study Of The Formation Of T-Mosi2 From Mo/Si Multilayers, Ming Cai, David D. Allred, A. Reyes-Mena

Faculty Publications

We have used Raman spectroscopy, large- and small-angle x-ray diffraction spectroscopy of sputter-deposited, vacuum-annealed, soft x-ray Mo/Si thin-film multilayers to study the physics of silicide formation. Two sets of multilayer samples with d-spacing 8.4 and 2.0 nm have been studied. Annealing at temperatures above 800 °C causes a gradual formation of amorphous MoSi2 interfaces between the Si and Mo layers. The transition from amorphous to crystalline MoSi2 is abrupt. The experimental results indicate that nucleation is the dominant process for the early stage and crystallization is the dominant process after nucleation is well advanced. In the thicker multilayer, a portion …

Technology Comes To The Courtroom, And . . ., Fredric I. Lederer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Emitted Current Instability From Silicon Field Emission Emitters Due To Sputtering By Residual Gas Ions, W.I. Karain, Larry V. Knight, David D. Allred, A. Reyes-Mena

Faculty Publications

We have fabricated arrays of silicon field emitters using semiconductor lithography techniques. The density of the tips was 10^5/cm^2. The maximum current that can be extracted from each emitter is limited by resistive heating. We have investigated how the electron current emitted changes under constant applied voltage. We found that the current is very sensitive to the vacuum conditions. We attribute this to sputtering of the emitters due to ionized residual gas molecules. The poorer the vacuum, the higher the instability in the current. We studied this phenomenon at 10^6 and 10-x Torr. The model of two concentric spherical shells …

Aging And Exercise: A Health Perspective, Joanna L. Bokovoy, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Habitual exercise provides protection against fatal coronary heart disease, extends longevity, and enhances quality of life. National surveys show less physical activity in older men and women compared with middle-aged and younger persons; older women are particularly sedentary. Although there are still few longitudinal studies on exercise and physical activity in older individuals, the data support a positive relationship between physical activity and health function in older individuals. The data further show that with regular physical activity, health and fitness are maintained or even increased over time in older individuals. Studies on physical activity requirements for beneficial health effects in …

National Defense And The Public-Goods Problem, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel, Don Lavoie

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Japanese Cooperative Sector, Mark A. Klinedinst, Hitomi Sato

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Activity And Distribution Of Attached Bacteria In Chesapeake Bay, Peter Griffith, Fuh-Kwo Shiah, Kathryn Gloersen, Hugh W. Ducklow, Madilyn Fletcher

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to further our understanding of the role of particle-associated bacteria in phytoplankton degradation in the Chesapeake Bay, USA, and to identify environmental parameters that control production by free and particle-associated bacteria. Surface and bottom waters at 10 stations along the length of the Bay were sampled over a 2 yr period. Samples were analyzed for temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, phaeophytin, particulate protein, thymidine incorporation (an estimate of bacterial growth rate), and bacterial total direct counts. Results demonstrated that freeliving bacteria were responsible for most of the total bacterial production, which was correlated with temperature and …

A Reappraisal Of Diversification In The Federal Courts: Gender Effects In The Courts Of Appeals, Donald R. Songer, Sue Davis, Susan Haire

Faculty Publications

Prior scholarship on the effect of the increasing number of female judges leads to three contrasting sets of expectations. Early writings and views of affirmative-action activists suggested that female judges would be more liberal than male judges. On the other hand, a series of empirical studies suggest that we should expect no gender differences. In contrast to both of these perspectives, several feminist scholars suggest that women will be more liberal only when that position expresses support for full participation in the community. These contrasting expectations were tested by analyzing the votes of appeals court decisions in three issue areas. …

Data Assimilation And Model Evaluation Experiment Datasets, Chung-Chieng A. Lai, Wen Qian, Scott M. Glenn

Faculty Publications

The Institute for Naval Oceanography, in cooperation with Naval Research Laboratories and universities, executed the Data Assimilation and Model Evaluation Expertiment (DAMÉE) for the Gulf Stream region during fiscal years 1991-1993. Enormous effort has gone into the preparation of several high-quality and consistent datasets for model initialization and verification. This paper describes the preparation process, the temporal and spatial scopes, the contents, the structure, etc., of these datasets.

The goal of DAMÉE and the need of data for the four phases of experiment are briefly states. The preparation of DAMÉE datasets consisited of a series of processes: 1) collection of …

The Case Of A Lifetime, Richard C. Reuben

Faculty Publications

There is great difficulty in defining pro bono lawyering. The classic model is the practitioner who devotes time to representing a client in a civil or criminal matter. But some consider other legal relationships pro bono as well, such as service on the boards of directors of nonprofit organizations, legal work at reduced fees, and activities that improve the law and legal profession. In the case of organizations such as the ACLU and the NAACP LDF, pro bono means a mixture of much of the above, as public interest law firms work hand in hand with private lawyers and firms …

Investigating The Age Effects Of Family Structure On Adolescent Marijuana Use, John P. Hoffmann

Faculty Publications

This study examines differences among older and younger adolescents in the influence of family structure, family relations, and peer relations on marijuana use. Data from a longitudinal sample of adolescents from the United States were stratified by age and used to assess these potential differences. Precise measures of family structure were constructed to account for the various manifestations of family forms. Multivariate analyses indicate that a recent divorce attenuates attachment among younger adolescents and leads to less family involvement among older adolescents. Moreover, older adolescents from stepparent families are less attached to their families. Changes in these family relationship variables …

England And The German Hanse, 1157-1611: A Study Of Their Trade And Commercial Diplomacy, Richard H. Bowers

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

History, He Wrote: Murder, Politics, And The Challenges Of Public History In A Community With A Secret, Robert R. Weyeneth

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Multi-Chip Module Implementation Of A Neural Network, Tony R. Martinez, George L. Rudolph, Linton G. Salmon, Matthew G. Stout

Faculty Publications

The requirement for dense interconnect in artificial neural network systems has led researchers to seek high-density interconnect technologies. This paper reports an implementation using multi-chip modules (MCMs) as the interconnect medium. The specific system described is a self-organizing, parallel, and dynamic learning model which requires a dense interconnect technology for effective implementation; this requirement is fulfilled by exploiting MCM technology. The ideas presented in this paper regarding an MCM implementation of artificial neural networks are versatile and can be adapted to apply to other neural network and connectionist models.

A Rationale For Coastal Wetland Restoration Through Spoil Bank Management In Louisiana, Usa, R. Eugene Turner, E. M. Swenson, J. M. Lee

Faculty Publications

The rationale and outline of an implementation plan for restoring coastal wetlands in Louisiana is presented. The rationale for the plan is based on reversing the consequences of documented cause-and-effect relationships between wetland loss and hydrologic change. The main feature is to modify the extensive interlocking network of dredged spoil deposits, or spoil banks, by reestablishing a more natural water flow at moderate flow velocity (/sec). Guidelines for site selection from thousands of potential sites are proposed. Examples of suitable sites are given for intermediate marshes. These sites exhibit rapid deterioration following partial or complete hydrologic impoundment, implying a strong …

Religious Devoutness, Impression Management, And Personality Functioning In College Students, P. Scott Richards

Faculty Publications

Measures of religious devoutness, impression management, and personality adjustment were administered to 178 undergraduate students. Pearson correlations were computed. Greater devoutness (intrinsic religiousness) was associated with more religious and existential well-being, self-control, and social desirability, and with less self-monitoring. Consistent with previous research, the weak positive relation between religious devoutness and social desirability did not generalize to other impression management measures. Evidence which suggests that the relation between religious devoutness and social desirability may be an artifact of religious bias was discussed.

Predicate Union And The Syntax Of Japanese Causatives, Stanley Dubinsky

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a monoclausal, multipredicate analysis of Japanese causatives, adopting the fundamental assumptions of Relational Grammar. Evidence is provided for the existence of two distinct classes of causatives, distinguished on the basis of the agentivity of the matrix subject. It is also demonstrated that the surface case marking of the causee is constrained by its relative status to the matrix subject with respect to a set of Proto-Agent entailments (as proposed in Dowty 1991).

Columbian Consequences, Vol 3: The Spanish Borderlands In Pan-American Perspective, By David Hurst Thomas, Michael C. Scardaville

Faculty Publications

A review of Columbian Consequences, Vol 3: The Spanish Borderlands in Pan-American Perspective, by David Hurst Thomas