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Using Parsimony To Guide Maximum Likelihood Searches, Hyrum Carroll, Mark J. Clement, Timothy O'Connor, Quinn O. Snell, Kenneth Sundberg Oct 2007

Using Parsimony To Guide Maximum Likelihood Searches, Hyrum Carroll, Mark J. Clement, Timothy O'Connor, Quinn O. Snell, Kenneth Sundberg

Faculty Publications

The performance of maximum likelihood searches can be boosted by using the most parsimonious tree as a starting point for the search. The time spent in performing the parsimony search to find this starting tree is insignificant compared to the time spent in the maximum likelihood search, leading to an overall gain in search time. These parsimony boosted maximum likelihood searches lead to topologies with scores statisitically similar to the unboosted searches, but in less time.

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Conformational Control Of Selectivity In The Dienone-Phenol Rearrangement, Anne M. Sauer, William E. Crowe, Gregg Henderson, Roger A. Laine Sep 2007

Conformational Control Of Selectivity In The Dienone-Phenol Rearrangement, Anne M. Sauer, William E. Crowe, Gregg Henderson, Roger A. Laine

Faculty Publications

We have explored the dienone-phenol rearrangement of substrates where: only the p-cresol pathway is possible and relative migratory aptitudes should play no role in determining the regiochemistry of the reaction. For these substrates the selectivity of the rearrangement was found to depend on the stereochemistry of the spirocyclic intermediate formed during the course of the rearrangement. Rearrangement of one of these substrates gave-surprisingly-a single regioisomeric product. Selectivity in this case can be correlated with the relative stability of cationic intermediates, which lie on the pathway between spirocycle and final product. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Novel Perturbation Approach For The Structure Factor Of The Attractive Hard-Core Yukawa Fluid, Andrij Trokhymchuk, Roman Melnyk, Filip Moucka, Ivo Nezbeda Sep 2007

Novel Perturbation Approach For The Structure Factor Of The Attractive Hard-Core Yukawa Fluid, Andrij Trokhymchuk, Roman Melnyk, Filip Moucka, Ivo Nezbeda

Faculty Publications

A novel perturbation approach for the structure factor S(k) of the Lennard-Jones-type Yukawa fluid with z=1.8 is presented. An approach is based on a new reference system, that is, the short-range Yukawa model with z0 > z=1.8. By choosing for the reference system the value z0=6, it is shown that (i) the proposed approach for S(k) performs much better than the traditional hard-sphere reference perturbation method does; (ii) the use of an approximate mean spherical (MSA) description of the reference structure factor provides the results for S(k) that are more accurate as those obtained from the direct MSA computations; and (iii) …

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Extracellular Stimuli Specifically Regulate Localized Levels Of Individual Neuronal Mrnas, Dianna E. Willis, Erna A. Van Niekerk, Yukio Sasaki, Mariano Mesngon, Tanuja T. Merianda, Gervan G. Williams, Marvin Kendall, Deanna S. Smith, Gary J. Bassell, Jeffery L. Twiss Sep 2007

Extracellular Stimuli Specifically Regulate Localized Levels Of Individual Neuronal Mrnas, Dianna E. Willis, Erna A. Van Niekerk, Yukio Sasaki, Mariano Mesngon, Tanuja T. Merianda, Gervan G. Williams, Marvin Kendall, Deanna S. Smith, Gary J. Bassell, Jeffery L. Twiss

Faculty Publications

Subcellular regulation of protein synthesis requires the correct localization of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) within the cell. In this study, we investigate whether the axonal localization of neuronal mRNAs is regulated by extracellular stimuli. By profiling axonal levels of 50 mRNAs detected in regenerating adult sensory axons, we show that neurotrophins can increase and decrease levels of axonal mRNAs. Neurotrophins (nerve growth factor, brainderived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3) regulate axonal mRNA levels and use distinct downstream signals to localize individual mRNAs. However, myelin-associated glycoprotein and semaphorin 3A regulate axonal levels of different mRNAs and elicit the opposite effect on axonal mRNA …

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Sympathy And The Non-Human: Max Scheler’S Phenomenology Of Interrelation, David Dillard-Wright Sep 2007

Sympathy And The Non-Human: Max Scheler’S Phenomenology Of Interrelation, David Dillard-Wright

Faculty Publications

German phenomenologist and sociologist Max Scheler accorded sympathy a central role in his philosophy, arguing that sympathy enables not only ethical behaviour, but also knowledge of animate and inanimate others. Influenced by Catholicism and especially St Francis, Scheler envisioned a broad, cosmic sympathy forming the hidden basis for all human values, with the “higher” religious, artistic, philosophic and other cultural values enabled by a more basic regard for non-human nature and insights gained from the human situation within the non-human world. Sympathy for the non-human is thus both integral and fundamental to the cultivation of other values in the development …

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Solution Structure Of Recombinant Somatomedin B Domain From Vitronectin Produced In Pichia Pastoris, Magnus Kjaergaard, Henrik Gårdsvoll, Daniel Hirschberg, Steen Nielbo, Anand Mayasundari, Cynthia B. Peterson, Anna Jansson, Thomas J.D. Jørgensen, Flemming M. Poulsen, Michael Ploug Sep 2007

Solution Structure Of Recombinant Somatomedin B Domain From Vitronectin Produced In Pichia Pastoris, Magnus Kjaergaard, Henrik Gårdsvoll, Daniel Hirschberg, Steen Nielbo, Anand Mayasundari, Cynthia B. Peterson, Anna Jansson, Thomas J.D. Jørgensen, Flemming M. Poulsen, Michael Ploug

Faculty Publications

The cysteine-rich somatomedin B domain (SMB) of the matrix protein vitronectin is involved in several important biological processes. First, it stabilizes the active conformation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1); second, it provides the recognition motif for cell adhesion via the cognate integrins (αvβ3, α vβ5, and αIIbβ3); and third, it binds the complex between urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its glycolipid-anchored receptor (uPAR). Previous structural studies on SMB have used recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli or SMB released from plasma-derived vitronectin by CNBr cleavage. However, different disulfide patterns and three-dimensional structures for SMB were reported. In the present …

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Destabilization Of Human Glycine N-Methyltransferase By H176n Mutation, Zigmund Luka, Svetlana Pakhomova, Yury Luka, Marcia E. Newcomer, Conrad Wagner Sep 2007

Destabilization Of Human Glycine N-Methyltransferase By H176n Mutation, Zigmund Luka, Svetlana Pakhomova, Yury Luka, Marcia E. Newcomer, Conrad Wagner

Faculty Publications

In the presence of moderate (2-4 M) urea concentrations the tetrameric enzyme, glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), dissociates into compact monomers. Higher concentrations of urea (7-8 M) promote complete denaturation of the enzyme. We report here that the H176N mutation in this enzyme, found in humans with hypermethioninaemia, significantly decreases stability of the tetramer, although H176 is located far from the intersubunit contact areas. Dissociation of the tetramer to compact monomers and unfolding of compact monomers of the mutant protein were detected by circular dichroism, quenching of fluorescence emission, size-exclusion chromatography, and enzyme activity. The values of apparent free energy of dissociation …

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Comparative Microbiota Of Rickettsia Felis-Uninfected And -Infected Colonized Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Walairat Pornwiroon, Michael T. Kearney, Claudia Husseneder, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso Sep 2007

Comparative Microbiota Of Rickettsia Felis-Uninfected And -Infected Colonized Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Walairat Pornwiroon, Michael T. Kearney, Claudia Husseneder, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso

Faculty Publications

Fleas serve as arthropod vectors for several emerging and re-emerging infectious disease causing agents including, Rickettsia felis. Although the prevalence of R. felis infection in colonies of fleas has been examined, the influence of the R. felis infection on flea microbiota has not been investigated. We identified three colonies of cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis, with varying prevalence of R. felis infection (Louisiana State University (LSU), 93.8; Professional Laboratory and Research Services Inc. (PLRS), 16.4; Elward II (EL), 0) and subsequently utilized polymerase chain reaction amplification, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of the 1.4-kb portions of 16S rRNA genes …

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Footprints On Water: The Genetic Wake Of Dispersal Among Reefs, M. E. Hellberg Sep 2007

Footprints On Water: The Genetic Wake Of Dispersal Among Reefs, M. E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

Analysis of genetic data can reveal past and ongoing demographic connections between reef populations. The history, extent, and geography of isolation and exchange help to determine which populations are evolutionarily distinct and how to manage threatened reefs. Here the genetic approaches undertaken to understand connectivity among reefs are reviewed, ranging from early allozyme studies on genetic subdivision, through the use of sequence data to infer population histories, to emerging analyses that pull the influences of the past connections away from the effects of ongoing dispersal. Critically, some of these new approaches can infer migration and isolation over recent generations, thus …

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Description, Life History, And Parasitism Of A New Species Of Delphacid Planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea), James T. Cronin, Stephen W. Wilson Sep 2007

Description, Life History, And Parasitism Of A New Species Of Delphacid Planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea), James T. Cronin, Stephen W. Wilson

Faculty Publications

Delphacodes scolochloa Cronin & Wilson (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) is a newly discovered delphacid planthopper that feeds and oviposits exclusively on the stems of sprangletop, Scolochloa festucacea (Willd.) Link (Poaceae: Pooidae), in the prairie pothole region of northeastern North Dakota. D. scolochloa is bivoltine. It is also wing dimorphic, but populations are composed predominantly of flightless brachypters. Macropters incur a substantial cost in terms of reduced longevity and fecundity relative to brachypters. The parasitoid complex attacking D. scolochloa consists of two egg parasitoids, Anagrus nigriventris Girault and Anagrus columbi Perkins (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), and one undescribed dryinid. The proportion of eggs parasitized averages …

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Status Of The Fire Ant Decapitating Fly Pseudacteon Tricuspis (Diptera: Phoridae) In Louisiana, Donald C. Henne, Seth J. Johnson, Sanford D. Porter Sep 2007

Status Of The Fire Ant Decapitating Fly Pseudacteon Tricuspis (Diptera: Phoridae) In Louisiana, Donald C. Henne, Seth J. Johnson, Sanford D. Porter

Faculty Publications

Eight releases of the South American fire ant decapitating fly, Pseudacteon tricuspis Borgmeier, were conducted in Louisiana from 1999 to 2006. Although P. tricuspis was initially recaptured at 88% of the release sites, four of the releases ultimately failed, so long-term establishment was only 43%. Fly populations from two releases have expanded out 50-80 km from their release sites (Fall 2006).

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Fungi Isolated From Integument And Guts Of Coptotermes Formosanus And Their Antagonistic Effect On Gleophyllum Trabeum, Poornima Jayasimha, Gregg Henderson Sep 2007

Fungi Isolated From Integument And Guts Of Coptotermes Formosanus And Their Antagonistic Effect On Gleophyllum Trabeum, Poornima Jayasimha, Gregg Henderson

Faculty Publications

In our earlier efforts to demonstrate the spread of a brown rot fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.) Murrill by Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, we found not only that C. formosanus does not spread G. trabeum but also that G. trabeum did not survive in the presence of C. formosanus. Further investigation of this antagonistic interaction between this termite and fungus led to a hypothesis that green-spored fungi may be carried by termites and that they play a role in suppressing the growth of G. trabeum. Fungal cultures were isolated from integument and guts of laboratory-maintained colonies of C. formosanus …

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Historic And Contemporary Levels Of Genetic Variation In Two New Zealand Passerines With Different Histories Of Decline, S. S. Taylor, I. G. Jamieson, G. P. Wallis Sep 2007

Historic And Contemporary Levels Of Genetic Variation In Two New Zealand Passerines With Different Histories Of Decline, S. S. Taylor, I. G. Jamieson, G. P. Wallis

Faculty Publications

We compared historic and contemporary genetic variation in two threatened New Zealand birds (saddlebacks and robins) with disparate bottleneck histories. Saddlebacks showed massive loss of genetic variation when extirpated from the mainland, but no significant loss of variation following a severe bottleneck in the 1960s when the last population was reduced from ∼1000 to 36 birds. Low genetic variation was probably characteristic of this isolated island population: considerably more genetic variation would exist in saddlebacks today if a mainland population had survived. In contrast to saddlebacks, contemporary robin populations showed only a small decrease in genetic variation compared with historical …

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The Ethics Of Infection Control: Philosophical Frameworks, Charles S. Bryan, Theresa J. Call, Kevin Elliott Sep 2007

The Ethics Of Infection Control: Philosophical Frameworks, Charles S. Bryan, Theresa J. Call, Kevin Elliott

Faculty Publications

Recent developments that are relevant to the ethics of infection control include the patient safety movement, the appearance of new diseases (notably, severe acute respiratory syndrome) that pose threats to healthcare workers, data confirming the suspicion that infection control measures such as isolation may compromise patient care, and, in philosophy, renewed interest in virtue ethics and communitarianism. We review general ethical frameworks and relevant vocabulary for infection control practitioners and hospital epidemiologists. Frameworks for the ethics of infection control resemble those of public health more than those of clinical medicine but embrace elements of both. The optimum framework, we suggest, …

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Algal Regulation Of Extracellular Enzyme Activity In Stream Microbial Communities Associated With Inert Substrata And Detritus, Steven T. Rier, Kevin A. Kuehn, Steven N. Francoeur Sep 2007

Algal Regulation Of Extracellular Enzyme Activity In Stream Microbial Communities Associated With Inert Substrata And Detritus, Steven T. Rier, Kevin A. Kuehn, Steven N. Francoeur

Faculty Publications

We tested the hypothesis that algae influence the activities of extracellular enzymes involved in mineralization processes within microbial assemblages in streams. We tested the prediction that the factors that influence algal biomass and photosynthesis (i.e., diel fluctuations in photosynthetically active radiation [PAR], long-term variations in light regime, and community development stage) would have a corresponding effect on extracellular enzyme activities. We also tested the prediction that algae would influence enzyme activities on inorganic substrata and in detrital communities where they ultimately would influence plant litter decomposition rates. We allowed microbial communities to develop on inert substrata (glass-fiber filters) or on …

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Differential Resource Allocation In Deer Mice Exposed To Sin Nombre Virus, Eric Wilson, Erin M. Lehmer, Christine A. Clay, Stephen St. Jeor, Denise M. Dearing Sep 2007

Differential Resource Allocation In Deer Mice Exposed To Sin Nombre Virus, Eric Wilson, Erin M. Lehmer, Christine A. Clay, Stephen St. Jeor, Denise M. Dearing

Faculty Publications

The resource allocation hypothesis predicts that reproductive activity suppresses immunocompetence; however, this has never been tested in an endemic disease system with free-ranging mammals. We tested the resource allocation hypothesis in wild deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) with natural exposure to Sin Nombre Virus (SNV). Immunocompetence was estimated from the extent of swelling elicited after deer mice were injected with phytohemagglutinin (PHA); swelling is positively correlated with immunocompetence. After livetrapping deer mice, we determined their reproductive state and SNV infection status. Males were more likely to be seropositive for SNV than females (37% vs. 25%) and exhibited 10% less swelling after …

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Provincial Development In China: Lessons From Eu Regional Policy Experience, Phillip J. Bryson, Keren Sun Sep 2007

Provincial Development In China: Lessons From Eu Regional Policy Experience, Phillip J. Bryson, Keren Sun

Faculty Publications

Regional development in the Chinese provinces and in the regions of the EU countries are evaluated and compared. Development efforts in southern Italy, northeast England and eastern Germany are reviewed along with EU, Community-wide regional development programs. Equity concerns suggest promotion of regional policy, but the pursuit of maximum national economic growth would avoid it, since it sacrifices some economic growth. The impact of FDI and domestic investments on individual Chinese provinces is compared with their impact in Europe. There is an implicit contrast between public sector regional development programs and more effective private foreign direct investments.

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Novel Plant-Specific Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors Induced By Biotic And Abiotic Stresses, Adrian Peres, Michelle L. Churchman, Srivaidehirani Hariharan, Kristiina Himanen, Aurine Verkest, Klaas Vandepoele, Zoltan Magyar, Yves Hatzfeld, Els Van Der Schueren, Gerrit T.S. Beemster, Valerie Frankard, John C. Larkin, Dirk Inzé, Lieven De Veylder Aug 2007

Novel Plant-Specific Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors Induced By Biotic And Abiotic Stresses, Adrian Peres, Michelle L. Churchman, Srivaidehirani Hariharan, Kristiina Himanen, Aurine Verkest, Klaas Vandepoele, Zoltan Magyar, Yves Hatzfeld, Els Van Der Schueren, Gerrit T.S. Beemster, Valerie Frankard, John C. Larkin, Dirk Inzé, Lieven De Veylder

Faculty Publications

The EL2 gene of rice (Oryza sativa), previously classified as early response gene against the potent biotic elicitor N-acetylchitoheptaose and encoding a short polypeptide with unknown function, was identified as a novel cell cycle regulatory gene related to the recently reported SIAMESE (SIM) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana. Iterative two-hybrid screens, in vitro pull-down assays, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analyses showed that Orysa; EL2 binds the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) CDKA1;1 and D-type cyclins. No interaction was observed with the plant-specific B-type CDKs. The amino acid motif ELERFL was identified to be essential for cyclin, but not for CDK binding. Orysa;EL2 …

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Physical Activity And Public Health: Updated Recommendation For Adults From The American College Of Sports Medicine And The American Heart Association, William L. Haskell, I-Min Lee, Russell R. Pate, Kenneth E. Powell, Steven N. Blair, Barry A. Franklin, Caroline A. Macera, Gregory W. Heath, Paul D. Thompson, Adrian Bauman Aug 2007

Physical Activity And Public Health: Updated Recommendation For Adults From The American College Of Sports Medicine And The American Heart Association, William L. Haskell, I-Min Lee, Russell R. Pate, Kenneth E. Powell, Steven N. Blair, Barry A. Franklin, Caroline A. Macera, Gregory W. Heath, Paul D. Thompson, Adrian Bauman

Faculty Publications

Summary - In 1995 the American College of Sports Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published national guidelines on Physical Activity and Public Health. The Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the American Heart Association endorsed and supported these recommendations. The purpose of the present report is to update and clarify the 1995 recommendations on the types and amounts of physical activity needed by healthy adults to improve and maintain health. Development of this document was by and expert panel of scientists, including physicians, epidemiologists, exercise scientists, and public health specialists. This panel reviewed advances in …

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Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics Of Snakes: Extraordinary Substitution Rate Dynamics And Functionality Of The Duplicate Control Region, Zhi J. Jiang, Todd A. Castoe, Christopher C. Austin, Frank T. Burbrink, Matthew D. Herron, Jimmy A. Mcguire, Christopher L. Parkinson, David D. Pollock Aug 2007

Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics Of Snakes: Extraordinary Substitution Rate Dynamics And Functionality Of The Duplicate Control Region, Zhi J. Jiang, Todd A. Castoe, Christopher C. Austin, Frank T. Burbrink, Matthew D. Herron, Jimmy A. Mcguire, Christopher L. Parkinson, David D. Pollock

Faculty Publications

Background. The mitochondrial genomes of snakes are characterized by an overall evolutionary rate that appears to be one of the most accelerated among vertebrates. They also possess other unusual features, including short tRNAs and other genes, and a duplicated control region that has been stably maintained since it originated more than 70 million years ago. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of evolutionary dynamics in snake mitochondrial genomes to better understand the basis of these extreme characteristics, and to explore the relationship between mitochondrial genome molecular evolution, genome architecture, and molecular function. We sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes from Slowinski's corn …

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Alvin Explores The Deep Northern Gulf Of Mexico Slope, Harry Roberts, Robert Carney, Mathew Kupchik, Charles Fisher, Kim Nelson, Erin Becker, Liz Goehring, Stephanie Lessard-Pilon, Guy Telesnicki, Bernie Bernard, James Brooks, Monika Bright, Erik Cordes, Stephane Hourdez, Jesse Hunt, William Shedd, Gregory Boland, Samantha Joye, Vladimir Samarkin, Meaghan Bernier, Marshall Bowles, Ian Macdonald, Helge Niemann, Cindy Petersen, Jeremy Potter Aug 2007

Alvin Explores The Deep Northern Gulf Of Mexico Slope, Harry Roberts, Robert Carney, Mathew Kupchik, Charles Fisher, Kim Nelson, Erin Becker, Liz Goehring, Stephanie Lessard-Pilon, Guy Telesnicki, Bernie Bernard, James Brooks, Monika Bright, Erik Cordes, Stephane Hourdez, Jesse Hunt, William Shedd, Gregory Boland, Samantha Joye, Vladimir Samarkin, Meaghan Bernier, Marshall Bowles, Ian Macdonald, Helge Niemann, Cindy Petersen, Jeremy Potter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Psbp Protein Is Required For Photosystem Ii Complex Assembly/Stability And Photoautotrophy In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Xiaoping Yi, Stefan R. Hargett, Haijun Liu, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker Aug 2007

The Psbp Protein Is Required For Photosystem Ii Complex Assembly/Stability And Photoautotrophy In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Xiaoping Yi, Stefan R. Hargett, Haijun Liu, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker

Faculty Publications

Interfering RNA was used to suppress the expression of the genes At1g06680 and At2g30790 in Arabidopsis thaliana, which encode the PsbP-1 and PsbP-2 proteins, respectively, of photosystem II (PS II). A phenotypic series of transgenic plants was recovered that expressed intermediate and low amounts of PsbP. Chlorophyll fluorescence induction and QA- decay kinetics analyses were performed. Decreasing amounts of expressed PsbP protein led to the progressive loss of variable fluorescence and a marked decrease in the fluorescence quantum yield (FV/FM). This was primarily due to the loss of the J to I transition. Analysis of the fast fluorescence rise kinetics …

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The Benefits Of Bathing Buds: Water Calyces Protect Flowers From A Microlepidopteran Herbivore, Jane E. Carlson, Kyle E. Harms Aug 2007

The Benefits Of Bathing Buds: Water Calyces Protect Flowers From A Microlepidopteran Herbivore, Jane E. Carlson, Kyle E. Harms

Faculty Publications

Protective floral structures may evolve in response to the negative effects of floral herbivores. For example, water calyces - liquid-filled, cup-like structures resulting from the fusion of sepals - may reduce floral herbivory by submerging buds during their development. Our observations of a water-calyx plant, Chrysothemis friedrichsthaliana (Gesneriaceae), revealed that buds were frequently attacked by ovipositing moths (Alucitidae), whose larvae consumed anthers and stigmas before corollas opened. Almost 25% of per-plant flower production was destroyed by alucitid larvae over two seasons, far exceeding the losses to all other floral herbivores combined. Experimental manipulation of water levels in calyces showed that …

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Enhanced Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence In The Presence Of Fluorinated Alcohols, David J. Vinyard, Mark M. Richter Aug 2007

Enhanced Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence In The Presence Of Fluorinated Alcohols, David J. Vinyard, Mark M. Richter

Faculty Publications

The electrdchemistry, UV-vis absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and coreactant electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)32+ (where bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have been obtained in a series of hydroxylic solvents. The solvents included fluorinated and nonfluorinafed alcohols and alcohol/water mixtures. Tri-n-propylamine was used as the oxidative-reductive ECL coreactant. Blue shifts of up to 30 nm in PL emission wavelength maximums are observed compared to a Ru(bpy)32+/H2O standard due to interactions of the polar excited state (i.e., *Ru(bpy)32+) with the solvent media. For example, Ru(bpy)32+ in water has an emission maximum of 599 nm while in the more polar hexafluoropropanol and trifluoroethanol it is 562 …

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Associations Between Shyness And Internalizing Behaviors, Externalizing Behaviors, And Relationships During Emerging Adulthood, Larry J. Nelson, Laura M. Padilla-Walker, Sarah Badger, Carolyn Mcnamara Barry, Jason S. Carroll, Stephanie D. Madsen Aug 2007

Associations Between Shyness And Internalizing Behaviors, Externalizing Behaviors, And Relationships During Emerging Adulthood, Larry J. Nelson, Laura M. Padilla-Walker, Sarah Badger, Carolyn Mcnamara Barry, Jason S. Carroll, Stephanie D. Madsen

Faculty Publications

Many studies have documented the ways in which shyness can be a barrier to personal well-being and social adjustment throughout childhood and adolescence; however, less is known regarding shyness in emerging adulthood. Shyness as experienced during emerging adulthood may continue to be a risk factor for successful development. The purpose of this study was to compare shy emerging adults with their non-shy peers in (a) internalizing behaviors, (b) externalizing behaviors, and (c) close relationships. Participants included 813 undergraduate students (500 women, 313 men) from a number of locations across the United States. Results showed that relatively shy emerging adults, both …

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The Importance Of Data Partitioning And The Utility Of Bayes Factors In Bayesian Phylogenetics, Jeremy M. Brown, Alan R. Lemmon Aug 2007

The Importance Of Data Partitioning And The Utility Of Bayes Factors In Bayesian Phylogenetics, Jeremy M. Brown, Alan R. Lemmon

Faculty Publications

As larger, more complex data sets are being used to infer phylogenies, accuracy of these phylogenies increasingly requires models of evolution that accommodate heterogeneity in the processes of molecular evolution. We investigated the effect of improper data partitioning on phylogenetic accuracy, as well as the type I error rate and sensitivity of Bayes factors, a commonly used method for choosing among different partitioning strategies in Bayesian analyses. We also used Bayes factors to test empirical data for the need to divide data in a manner that has no expected biological meaning. Posterior probability estimates are misleading when an incorrect partitioning …

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Proposed Carbon Dioxide Concentrating Mechanism In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, James V. Moroney, Ruby A. Ynalvez Aug 2007

Proposed Carbon Dioxide Concentrating Mechanism In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, James V. Moroney, Ruby A. Ynalvez

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Katanin Microtubule Severing Protein In Plants, David H. Burk, Ruiqin Zhong, Zheng Hua Ye Aug 2007

The Katanin Microtubule Severing Protein In Plants, David H. Burk, Ruiqin Zhong, Zheng Hua Ye

Faculty Publications

Katanin is a heterodimeric microtubule (MT) severing protein that uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to generate internal breaks along MTs. Katanin p60, one of the two subunits, possesses ATPase and MT-binding/ severing activities, and the p 80 subunit is responsible for targeting of katanin to certain subcellular locations. In animals, katanin plays an important role in the release of MTs from their nucleation sites in the centrosome. It is also involved in severing MTs into smaller fragments which can serve as templates for further polymerization to increase MT number during meiotic and mitotic spindle assembly. Katanin homologs are present in …

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Evaluation Of Treatment Success And Patterns Of Reinfestation Of The Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Claudia Husseneder, Dawn M. Simms, Claudia Riegel Aug 2007

Evaluation Of Treatment Success And Patterns Of Reinfestation Of The Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Claudia Husseneder, Dawn M. Simms, Claudia Riegel

Faculty Publications

Spread of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), is connected with the transport of infested wood, in particular, railroad ties. Therefore, efficient treatment of infestations, especially along railroads, is imperative to prevent further termite damage and spread. Evaluation of treatment success hinges on the ability to assign infestation sites to colonies and compare colony identity before and after treatment. Because colonies of the Formosan subterranean termite can be headed by a pair of reproductives (simple families) or by multiple reproductives (extended families), the question arises whether the breeding system of a colony influences treatment success and whether …

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Layered Basal Defenses Underlie Non-Host Resistance Of Arabidopsis To Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Phaseolicola, Jong Hyun Ham, Min Gab Kim, Sang Yeol Lee, David Mackey Aug 2007

Layered Basal Defenses Underlie Non-Host Resistance Of Arabidopsis To Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Phaseolicola, Jong Hyun Ham, Min Gab Kim, Sang Yeol Lee, David Mackey

Faculty Publications

Arabidopsis is a non-host for Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola NPS3121 (Pph), a bacterial pathogen of bean. Pph does not induce a hypersensitive response in Arabidopsis. Here we show that Arabidopsis instead resists Pph with multi-layered basal defense. Our approach was: (i) to identify defense readouts induced by Pph; (ii) to determine whether mutations in known Arabidopsis defense genes disrupt Pph-induced defense signaling; (iii) to determine whether heterologous type III effectors from pathogens of Arabidopsis suppress Pph-induced defense signaling, and (iv) to ascertain how basal defenses contribute to resistance against Pph by individually or multiply disrupting defense signaling pathways with mutations …

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