Digital Commons Network^™

Fractal Surface Recovery And Self-Healing Contributed To Sustainable Superhydrophobicity: A Review, Yunfei Peng, Zhihang Ma, Xiao Wang, Junru Li, Xinlin Li, Chuanwei Zhang, Tian He, Guoqiang Li, Pengfei Zhang

Faculty Publications

The concept of superhydrophobicity has been widely used after years of theoretical and experimental exploration. Researchers have obtained materials with excellent surface superhydrophobicity for numerous areas (e.g. textiles, paints, and coatings industries), through different design and synthesis methods using low surface energy components (LSECs) and micro/nanohierarchy composite structures. However, the durability of superhydrophobic material surfaces has gradually become a prominent obstacle to restricting applications. In this paper, advances in improving the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces in the past decade are reviewed, covering different schemes for recovering fractal surfaces based on the LSECs and micro/nanocomposite structures. It also presents a balanced …

Biomarkers In Cancer Detection, Diagnosis, And Prognosis, Sreyashi Das, Mohan Kumar Dey, Ram Devireddy, Manas Ranjan Gartia

Faculty Publications

Biomarkers are vital in healthcare as they provide valuable insights into disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, and personalized medicine. They serve as objective indicators, enabling early detection and intervention, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced costs. Biomarkers also guide treatment decisions by predicting disease outcomes and facilitating individualized treatment plans. They play a role in monitoring disease progression, adjusting treatments, and detecting early signs of recurrence. Furthermore, biomarkers enhance drug development and clinical trials by identifying suitable patients and accelerating the approval process. In this review paper, we described a variety of biomarkers applicable for cancer detection and diagnosis, …

Review Of Artificial Neural Networks For Wind Turbine Fatigue Prediction, Alshannaq, Aly Mousaad Aly

Faculty Publications

Wind turbines have emerged as a prominent renewable energy source globally. Efficient monitoring and detection methods are crucial to enhance their operational effectiveness, particularly in identifying fatigue-related issues. This review focuses on leveraging artificial neural networks (ANNs) for wind turbine monitoring and fatigue detection, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in this domain and related areas. Employing various ANN techniques, including General Regression Neural Network (GRNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Cuckoo Search Neural Network (CSNN), Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN), Particle Swarm Optimization Artificial Neural Network (PSO-ANN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and nonlinear autoregressive networks with exogenous inputs (NARX), …

Single-Component Hydrophilic Terpolymer Thin Film Systems For Imparting Surface Chemical Versatility On Various Substrates, Yun Hee Ko, Hai Ha Tran Nguyen, Christopher R. Branstetter, Soeun Park, Jin Kyun Lee, Jaesung Yang, Jangwook P. Jung, Myungwoong Kim

Faculty Publications

We demonstrate a single-component hydrophilic photocrosslinkable copolymer system that incorporates all critical functionalities into one chain. This design allows for the creation of uniform functional organic coatings on a variety of substrates. The copolymers were composed of a poly(ethylene oxide)-containing monomer, a monomer that can release a primary amine upon UV light, and a monomer with reactive epoxide or cyclic dithiocarbonate with a primary amine. These copolymers are easily incorporated into the solution-casting process using polar solvents. Furthermore, the resulting coating can be readily stabilized through UV light-induced crosslinking, providing an advantage for controlling the surface properties of various substrates. …

Method For Assessing Coating Uniformity Of Angioplasty Balloons Coated With Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles Loaded With Quercetin, Allison D. Zieschang, Kevin F. Hoffseth, Tammy R. Dugas, Carlos E. Astete, Dorin Boldor

Faculty Publications

In this study, we aim to quantify coating uniformity and correlate fluorescence intensity to drug loading for drug-coated angioplasty balloons (DCB) coated with 5, 10, 15, or 20 layers of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) entrapped with quercetin. Uniformity was quantified from histograms and horizontal line profiles of microscopic fluorescent images acquired with sample specific parameters, and cracks in the coating were measured and counted. The fluorescence of images acquired with global parameters was correlated with quercetin loading measured via gravimetric/HPLC analysis. More layers on DCBs may be associated with less uniform coatings, as indicated by differences in histogram standard deviations. …

From Three-Pillars To Three-Environments: Shifting The Paradigm Of Sustainability In Civil And Construction Engineering, Xiaomei Wang, Andrew South, Clifton Farnsworth, Brett James Hashimoto

Faculty Publications

This research explores the usage of sustainability in literature and presents ‘three environments’ for addressing sustainability in the Civil and Construction Engineering (CCE) disciplines. Scholars have increasingly studied sustainability and sustainable development across CCE disciplines as the importance of sustainability awareness and action in society has increased. However, the vastness of its conceptual breadth and depth in CCE research is difficult to holistically evaluate. As a result, CCE researchers often focus on specific aspects of sustainability applied to discrete contexts, or address sustainability in broad aspirational terms and guiding motivations. This research utilized a rigorous analytical corpus linguistics approach for …

Neurological Evidence For The Contextindependent Multisensorial Semantics Of Ideophones In Pastaza Kichwa: An Fnirs Study In The Ecuadorian Amazon, Dan Dewey, Jeffrey J. Green, Janis Nuckolls, Auna Nygaard, Tod D. Swanson

Faculty Publications

Ideophones – imitative words using the stream of speech to simulate/depict the rise and fall of sensory perceptions and emotions and temporal experiences of completiveness, instantaneousness, and repetitiveness – have been characterized as semantically empty and context dependent. The research reported here tested a simple schematic for the semantic categories of Pastaza Kichwa ideophones by tracking neurological responses to ideophones categorized as VISUAL, MOTION, and SOUND. Seventeen native speakers of Pastaza Kichwa listened to audio clips of ideophones extracted from sentential contexts. Subjects’ neural activity was assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Results demonstrate that these posited semantic categories activate areas …

Sound Marks, Deborah R. Gerhardt, Jon J. Lee

Faculty Publications

A lion roars just before a film rolls. A doughboy giggles. A giant green man laughs a hearty, "Ho, Ho, Ho." These iconic sounds are all federally registered as trademarks. They identify specific brands and distinguish their products and services from the competition. Human brains treat sounds like these as categorization tools and cognitive shortcuts—ideal trademark symbols. But what about the sounds your favorite toys or electronic devices make? Or those made by a fictional character in the latest blockbuster?

This Article tackles these issues and others. We push back against the widely-held belief that all unconventional trademarks—product designs, colors, …

Legal Gender Recognition In Nepal And Comparative Context, Holning S. Lau, Mara Malagodi

Faculty Publications

The Supreme Court of Nepal was a groundbreaker when it ruled in Pant v. Nepal (2007) that people have the right to change their gender on identity documents based on “self-feelings” and “self-determination” rather than medical or other criteria; at the time, no other national apex court or government had so clearly prioritized self-determination for gender identity. Pant, however, centered “third gender” persons (neither male nor female), and now the Court is considering the case of a transgender woman, Ms. Kapali, who seeks to be identified as female on her documents and is challenging authorities that rejected her requests. …

Critical Race Theory Model Measure And Implementation In Curriculum, Taifha Natalee Alexander, Ahilan Arulanantham

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

This memorandum aims to explain the purpose of the following model measure. The proposed legislation would preserve the freedom of teachers to teach—and students to learn—about racism, including its history and on-going effects in this country. It does this by providing a framework through which state governments can encourage the teaching and learning of Critical Race Theory ("CRT") principles as a lens through which to teach and learn about racial inequality in America, its history, and its current manifestations, to enhance K-12 public school curricula.

We believe the model measure should be of interest to a broad range of …

Gender Regrets: Banning Abortion And Gender-Affirming Care, Noa Ben-Asher, Margot J. Pollans

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

In the spring of 2023, the New York Times published a piece entitled “How a Few Stories of Regret Fuel the Push to Restrict Gender Transition Care.” It features Chloe Cole, who lived as a transgender boy for several years but now identifies as a cisgender woman. Cole has become a poster child for the idea that gender-affirming care (“GAC”) for minors may lead to later regret and should therefore be restricted by the state. Cole, who has been travelling the country as part of a conservative lawmaking effort to ban GAC, received a standing ovation after Florida Governor …

Contextualizing The Triggering Event: Colonial White Supremacy, Anti-Blackness, And Black Lives Matter In Italy And The United States, Renee Nicole Allen

Faculty Publications

In the summer of 2020, spurred by George Floyd’s murder and amid a worldwide pandemic, Black Lives Matter demonstrations peaked in the United States. The viral nature of the police violence that caused Floyd’s death was a triggering event for transnational Black Lives Matter protests. Around the world, millions took to the streets to demand justice. In Italy, a resounding demand that “Black Lives Matter” filled the streets during solidarity protests that occurred in Milan, Naples, and Rome. Less than six months later, in September 2020, the fatal civilian beating of Willy Monteiro Duarte, a Black Italian, revealed the necessity …

Transforming Legal Sex, Noa Ben-Asher

Faculty Publications

Legal sex in the United States is undergoing a dramatic transformation. By "legal sex" this Article refers to various instances in which legal authorities engage in defining an individual's sex, either directly or indirectly. This Article begins by charting this transformation and then draws on this history to rethink the current political moment.

Until around the mid-twentieth century, legal sex was mostly understood as immutable sexual difference between males and females that is biologically determined prior to birth. Groundbreaking scientific and medical theories in the 1950s introduced gender identity as a new way to describe an internal sense of being …

Multi-Omics Integrative Analysis For Incomplete Data Using Weighted P-Value Adjustment Approaches, Wenda Zhang, Zichen Ma, Yen Yi Ho, Shuyi Yang, Joshua Habiger, Hsin Hsiung Huang, Yufei Huang

Faculty Publications

The advancements in high-throughput technologies provide exciting opportunities to obtain multi-omics data from the same individuals in a biomedical study, and joint analyses of data from multiple sources offer many benefits. However, the occurrence of missing values is an inevitable issue in multi-omics data because measurements such as mRNA gene expression levels often require invasive tissue sampling from patients. Common approaches for addressing missing measurements include analyses based on observations with complete data or multiple imputation methods. In this paper, we propose a novel integrative multi-omics analytical framework based on p-value weight adjustment in order to incorporate observations with incomplete …

An Examination Of The Stability Of The Remembering Self When Measuring Social Connection Derived From A Shared Leisure Experience, Camilla Hodge, Karen K. Melton, Mat D. Duerden, Mark A. Widmer, Aubrey Rushton, Alexis Kelley

Faculty Publications

Social connection has been identified as a public health priority, and is often positioned, in various forms, as an outcome of leisure experiences. In cases of assessing the hedonic quality of experiences, research has identified a relative permanence and stability in the remembering self; however, whether the same is true when measuring social connection is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether recall of social connection after a structured, shared leisure experience changed over time. We compared assessments of social connection among a sample of 68 adults immediately following four structured, shared leisure experiences and again four weeks later. …

Heritable Genome Editing, And The Future Of Novel Reproductive Technologies, Kerry L. Macintosh

Faculty Publications

This Article compares human reproductive cloning (HRC) and
heritable genome editing (HGE) to identify factors that encourage bans
on novel reproductive technologies. HRC drew legislative opposition
in part because it involved asexual reproduction and was incorrectly
associated with copying. HGE and other technologies that involve
sexual reproduction do not have those problematic qualities. HRC also
became entangled with research in which human embryos were cloned
to be harvested for their stem cells. HGE did not because scientists
learned how to create and edit pluripotent stem cells without creating
embryos. However, the legal history of HRC predicts that reproductive
technologies strongly …

Managing Differences In The Family, Alina M. Baltazar

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ifn-𝜸 And Il-10 Immunosensor With Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Interdigitated Electrodes Toward Pen-Side Cattle Paratuberculosis Monitoring, Shaowei Ding, Benjamin J. Brownlee, Kshama Parate, Cicero C. Pola, Bolin Chen, Jesse M. Hostetter, Douglas Jones, John Jackman, Brian D. Iverson, Jonathan C. Claussen

Faculty Publications

Highly sensitive vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VANTAs) interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrays are developed for electrochemical biosensing of two cytokines (i.e., interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma (IFN-𝜸)) that are useful for early detection Johne’s disease (Bovine Paratuberculosis) in cattle. The high aspect ratio VANTA-IDEs (50–60 μm in height) are grown through a chemical vapor deposition process from an iron (Fe) catalyst that is lithographically patterned on a silicon wafer with equal finger width and inter-finger spacing of 25 μm. After functionalization with distinct antibodies the VANTA-IDEs are capable of selective detection of both IL-10 and IFN-𝜸 within an actual biological matrix …

Asynchronous Movement Patterns Between Breeding And Stopover Locations In A Long-Distance Migratory Songbird, Theodore Zenzal, Andrea Contina, Hannah Vander Zanden, Leanne Kuwahara, Daniel Allen, Kristen Covino

Faculty Publications

The species-specific migratory patterns and strategies of many songbirds remain unknown or understudied, as research in animal ecology is biased toward the breeding period, with the fewest studies on the migratory period across taxa. Identifying large-scale spatiotemporal migratory patterns is challenging, as individuals within a species may vary in their migratory behavior and strategies. The Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia) is a Nearctic-Neotropical migrant that is relatively well studied during the breeding season, but its species-wide migratory patterns remain understudied. Our aim in studying Yellow Warbler movement ecology was to characterize temporal migration patterns during fall migration. We sought to determine …

Ifn-𝜸 And Il-10 Immunosensor With Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Interdigitated Electrodes Toward Pen-Side Cattle Paratuberculosis Monitoring, Shaowei Ding, Benjamin J. Brownlee, Kshama Parate, Cicero C. Pola, Bolin Chen, Jesse M. Hostetter, Douglas Jones, John Jackman, Brian D. Iverson, Jonathan C. Claussen

Faculty Publications

Highly sensitive vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VANTAs) interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrays are developed for electrochemical biosensing of two cytokines (i.e., interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma (IFN-𝜸)) that are useful for early detection Johne’s disease (Bovine Paratuberculosis) in cattle. The high aspect ratio VANTA-IDEs (50–60 μm in height) are grown through a chemical vapor deposition process from an iron (Fe) catalyst that is lithographically patterned on a silicon wafer with equal finger width and inter-finger spacing of 25 μm. After functionalization with distinct antibodies the VANTA-IDEs are capable of selective detection of both IL-10 and IFN-𝜸 within an actual biological matrix …

Drop Retention And Departure In Adiabatic Shear Flow On Structured Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Blake M. Lyons, Daniel Maynes, Julie Crockett, Brian D. Iverson

Faculty Publications

Drops are retained or held on surfaces due to a retention force exerted on the drop by the surface. This retention force is a function of the surface tension of the liquid, drop geometry, and the contact angle between the drop and the surface. When external or body forces exceed the retention force, the drop begins to move. This work explores the conditions for which drop departure occurs on structured superhydrophobic surfaces in the presence of an applied shear flow. Drop departure is explored for five microstructured superhydrophobic surfaces, one nanostructured carbon nanotube surface and one smooth hydrophobic surface. Surface …

The Intellectual Structure Of Audit Committee Research: A Bibliometric Analysis (1969 – 2020), Joel Behrend, Marc Eulerich, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

The audit committee is a widely recognized mechanism of effective corporate governance. We advance prior literature reviews by using bibliometric analysis techniques that comprehensively process large bodies of bibliometric information. We base inferences on citation patterns of 1,173 articles to identify concepts that “shine through” within the scientific understanding of audit committees. Using content analysis, we then analyze these concepts and explore existing interrelationships. We document a declining influence of audit committee research, as well as a widening gap between the quantitative and qualitative research camps. While the former is mostly derivative in nature, the latter produces innovative insights on …

Aerosol Jet Printing Of Surface Acoustic Wave Microfluidic Devices, Joseph Rich, Brian Cole, Teng Li, Brandon Lu, Hanyu Fu, Brittany N. Smith, Jianping Xia, Shujie Yang, Ruoyu Zhong, James L. Doherty, Kanji Kaneko, Hiroaki Suzuki, Zhenhua Tian, Aaron D. Franklin, Tony Jun Huang

Faculty Publications

The addition of surface acoustic wave (SAW) technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes, including high-precision manipulation, versatility, integrability, biocompatibility, contactless nature, and rapid actuation. However, the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based processing. To simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions, we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol jet printing. We successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials, including silver nanowires, graphene, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate …

Transformative Learning Outcomes: Shifting The Learning Outcome Conversation From Assessment To Design, Mat D. Duerden, Jamin C. Rowan

Faculty Publications

What if the focus of learning outcomes shifted from telling students what they will know at the end of a course to who they will become? Learning outcomes have drifted away from informing curriculum design to providing parameters for external assessment. This article reviews this shift along with a proposal to reimagine learning outcomes as transformative learning outcomes. It discusses previous work on transformative learning outcomes and proposes a new conceptual definition: learning outcomes that articulate habits of mind or ways of being that students will develop because of a learning experience or sequence of learning experiences. Such learning outcomes …

Inactive Metallopeptidase Homologs: The Secret Lives Of Pseudopeptidases, Peter Lyons

Faculty Publications

Inactive enzyme homologs, or pseudoenzymes, are proteins, found within most enzyme families, that are incapable of performing catalysis. Rather than catalysis, they are involved in protein-protein interactions, sometimes regulating the activity of their active enzyme cousins, or scaffolding protein complexes. Pseudoenzymes found within metallopeptidase families likewise perform these functions. Pseudoenzymes within the M14 carboxypeptidase family interact with collagens within the extracellular space, while pseudopeptidase members of the M12 "a disintegrin and metalloprotease" (ADAM) family either discard their pseudopeptidase domains as unnecessary for their roles in sperm maturation or utilize surface loops to enable assembly of key complexes at neuronal synapses. …

Does Leaving Faith Mean Leaving Family? Longitudinal Associations Between Religious Identification And Parent-Child Relationships Across Adolescence And Emerging Adulthood, Justin J. Hendricks, Sam A. Hardy, Emily M. Taylor, David C. Dollahite

Faculty Publications

The present study investigated the parent-child relational repercussions of converting to religion, switching, or de-converting from religion. Qualitative research indicates that these religious changes may negatively affect parent-child relationship quality, however, few quantitative studies investigate this issue. Subsequently, we utilized structural equation modeling to test if changes in religious identification during adolescence and emerging adulthood predicted worse parent-child relationship quality using three waves of the National Study of Youth and Religion (N = 2,352). We found that deconversion between Waves 1–2 significantly predicted poorer parent-child relationship quality at Wave 2 and father-child relationship quality at Wave 3. Further, deconversion between …

Tribes,States, And Sovereigns' Interest In Children, Emily Stolzenberg

Faculty Publications

Haaland v. Brackeen, the unsuccessful SCOTUS challenge to the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), trumpeted a critique made consistently over the statute’s 45-year history: that ICWA harms Indian children by subordinating their interests to their tribes’ interests, unlike State family law, which pursues the “best interests of the child.” This critique is likely to underpin future challenges to ICWA—and it is wrong in both fact and theory. Not only does ICWA generally benefit Indian children. More fundamentally, a tribe’s interest in Indian children corresponds directly to an interest States regularly pursue vis-à-vis all children: the political community’s interest in self-perpetuation. …

Speech Regulation And Tobacco Harm Reduction, Jonathan H. Adler, Jacob James Rich

Faculty Publications

Part I of this essay describes what is currently understood about the relative health risks of ENDS [electronic nicotine delivery systems] and other vaping products, particularly as compared to combustible cigarettes.

Part II of this essay describes the current regulatory regime governing tobacco products and how this regime has been applied to ENDS and other vaping products.

Part III of this essay explains how the FDA’s regulatory regime hampers the ability of ENDS manufacturers to inform consumers about the relative risks of their products and the potential use of ENDS as smoking cessation aids.

Part IV explains why this regulation …

Tarnished Gold: The Endangered Species Act At 50, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

This Article aims to take stock of the [Endangered Species Act] ESA’s success and failures during its first fifty years, particularly with regard to the conservation of species habitat on private land. While the ESA authorizes powerful regulatory tools for species conservation, there are serious questions as to whether such tools are the most effective means of conserving species and the habitats on which they rely. Given that most species rely upon private land for their survival, the ESA’s ability to foster private land conservation will affect the law’s overall success.

This abstract has been taken from the author's introduction.

Interactions Between Non‐Native Western Mosquitofish And Native Bluegill Sunfish: Mesocosm Experiments, Jessica E. Rettig, Elizabeth P. Tristano, Anthony C. Burger, Geoffrey R. Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.