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Ultraconserved Elements Are Novel Phylogenomic Markers That Resolve Placental Mammal Phylogeny When Combined With Species-Tree Analysis, John E. Mccormack, Brant C. Faircloth, Nicholas G. Crawford, Patricia Adair Gowaty, Robb T. Brumfield, Travis C. Glenn Apr 2012

Ultraconserved Elements Are Novel Phylogenomic Markers That Resolve Placental Mammal Phylogeny When Combined With Species-Tree Analysis, John E. Mccormack, Brant C. Faircloth, Nicholas G. Crawford, Patricia Adair Gowaty, Robb T. Brumfield, Travis C. Glenn

Faculty Publications

Phylogenomics offers the potential to fully resolve the Tree of Life, but increasing genomic coverage also reveals conflicting evolutionary histories among genes, demanding new analytical strategies for elucidating a single history of life. Here, we outline a phylogenomic approach using a novel class of phylogenetic markers derived from ultraconserved elements and flanking DNA. Using species-tree analysis that accounts for discord among hundreds of independent loci, we show that this class of marker is useful for recovering deep-level phylogeny in placental mammals. In broad outline, our phylogeny agrees with recent phylogenomic studies of mammals, including several formerly controversial relationships. Our results …

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Genomic Insights Into Adaptation To High-Altitude Environments, Z. A. Cheviron, R. T. Brumfield Apr 2012

Genomic Insights Into Adaptation To High-Altitude Environments, Z. A. Cheviron, R. T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Elucidating the molecular genetic basis of adaptive traits is a central goal of evolutionary genetics. The cold, hypoxic conditions of high-altitude habitats impose severe metabolic demands on endothermic vertebrates, and understanding how high-altitude endotherms cope with the combined effects of hypoxia and cold can provide important insights into the process of adaptive evolution. The physiological responses to high-altitude stress have been the subject of over a century of research, and recent advances in genomic technologies have opened up exciting opportunities to explore the molecular genetic basis of adaptive physiological traits. Here, we review recent literature on the use of genomic …

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Telomere Maintenance Genes Sirt1 And Xrcc6 Impact Age-Related Decline In Telomere Length But Only Sirt1 Is Associated With Human Longevity, Sangkyu Kim, Xiuhua Bi, Malwina Czarny-Ratajczak, Jianliang Dai, David A. Welsh, Leann Myers, Michael A. Welsch, Katie E. Cherry, Jonathan Arnold, Leonard W. Poon, Michal Jazwinski Apr 2012

Telomere Maintenance Genes Sirt1 And Xrcc6 Impact Age-Related Decline In Telomere Length But Only Sirt1 Is Associated With Human Longevity, Sangkyu Kim, Xiuhua Bi, Malwina Czarny-Ratajczak, Jianliang Dai, David A. Welsh, Leann Myers, Michael A. Welsch, Katie E. Cherry, Jonathan Arnold, Leonard W. Poon, Michal Jazwinski

Faculty Publications

Leukocyte telomere length is widely considered a biomarker of human age and in many studies indicative of health or disease. We have obtained quantitative estimates of telomere length from blood leukocytes in a population sample, confirming results of previous studies that telomere length significantly decreases with age. Telomere length was also positively associated with several measures of healthy aging, but this relationship was dependent on age. We screened two genes known to be involved in telomere maintenance for association with the age-related decline in telomere length observed in our population to identify candidate longevity-associated genes. A single-nucleotide polymorphism located in …

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Taking The Pulse Of Snowmelt: In Situ Sensors Reveal Seasonal, Event And Diurnal Patterns Of Nitrate And Dissolved Organic Matter Variability In An Upland Forest Stream, Brian A. Pellerin, John Franco Saraceno, James B. Shanley, Stephen D. Sebestyen, George R. Aiken, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Brian A. Bergamaschi Apr 2012

Taking The Pulse Of Snowmelt: In Situ Sensors Reveal Seasonal, Event And Diurnal Patterns Of Nitrate And Dissolved Organic Matter Variability In An Upland Forest Stream, Brian A. Pellerin, John Franco Saraceno, James B. Shanley, Stephen D. Sebestyen, George R. Aiken, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Brian A. Bergamaschi

Faculty Publications

Highly resolved time series data are useful to accurately identify the timing, rate, and magnitude of solute transport in streams during hydrologically dynamic periods such as snowmelt. We used in situ optical sensors for nitrate (NO3 −) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter fluorescence (FDOM) to measure surface water concentrations at 30 min intervals over the snowmelt period (March 21–May 13, 2009) at a 40.5 hectare forested watershed at Sleepers River, Vermont. We also collected discrete samples for laboratory absorbance and fluorescence as well as δ18O–NO3 − isotopes to help interpret the drivers of variable NO3 − and FDOM concentrations measured …

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Diversity Of Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) In The World's Oceans - How Far Have We Come?, Gary Anderson, Magdalena Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, Roger Bamber Apr 2012

Diversity Of Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) In The World's Oceans - How Far Have We Come?, Gary Anderson, Magdalena Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, Roger Bamber

Faculty Publications

Tanaidaceans are small peracarid crustaceans which occur in all marine habitats, over the full range of depths, and rarely into fresh waters. Yet they have no obligate dispersive phase in their life-cycle. Populations are thus inevitably isolated, and allopatric speciation and high regional diversity are inevitable; cosmopolitan distributions are considered to be unlikely or non-existent. Options for passive dispersion are discussed. Tanaidaceans appear to have first evolved in shallow waters, the region of greatest diversification of the Apseudomorpha and some tanaidomorph families, while in deeper waters the apseudomorphs have subsequently evolved two or three distinct phyletic lines. The Neotanaidomorpha has …

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The Effects Of Video Formats In Online News: A Study Of Recall And Stickiness, August Grant, Diane Guerrazzi, Jack Karlis Apr 2012

The Effects Of Video Formats In Online News: A Study Of Recall And Stickiness, August Grant, Diane Guerrazzi, Jack Karlis

Faculty Publications

News organizations putting content on their websites may better engage their audience by offering a choice of raw video rather than packages. A two-by-three experiment studied the relationships among video format, time spent, and recall for online news. Test subjects viewed a traditional, broadcast-type standard news “package,” a disassembled package, and raw video with text. Results showed users spent significantly more time with the raw video format than with the other two formats. Time spent was strongly correlated with post-test recall of elements of each story, but there was no direct relationship between format and recall. A model is proposed …

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Aircraft Route Optimization For Heterogeneous Formation Flight, Jia Xu, Andrew Ning, Geoffrey Bower, Ilan Kroo Apr 2012

Aircraft Route Optimization For Heterogeneous Formation Flight, Jia Xu, Andrew Ning, Geoffrey Bower, Ilan Kroo

Faculty Publications

We examine the value of extended formation flight in the context of airline operations. The study is based on a bi-level route optimization framework. The aircraft performance model includes the effects of rolled-up wakes, formation heterogeneity, and formation-induced compressibility effects. We incorporate airline economics to understand the trade-off between speed and drag savings in the context of formation flight. The application of formation flight to a representative South African Airlines (SAA) long-haul route network can reduce fuel burn by over 4.6% or reduce direct operating cost by 2.1%. The savings increase to 6.8% in fuel or 2.4% in cost when …

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Dispersal Behavior Correlates With Personality Of A North American Fish, Josh E. Rasmussen, Mark C. Belk Apr 2012

Dispersal Behavior Correlates With Personality Of A North American Fish, Josh E. Rasmussen, Mark C. Belk

Faculty Publications

The process of dispersal is determined by the interaction of individual (intrinsic) traits and environmental (extrinsic) factors. Although many studies address and quantify dispersal, few evaluate both intrinsic and extrinsic factors jointly. We test the relative importance of intrinsic traits (exploration tendency and size) and extrinsic factors (population density and habitat quality) on dispersal of a medium-sized western United States minnow, southern leatherside chub Lepidomeda aliciae. A generalized linear model with a binomial response was used to determine the probability of individuals dispersing one year after tagging. Medium-sized individuals that were more prone to explore novel environments were 10.7 …

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Functional Analysis Of General Odorant Binding Protein 2 From The Meadow Moth, Loxostege Sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Jiao Yin, Honglin Feng, Hongyan Sun, Jinghui Xi, Yazhong Cao, Kebin Li Mar 2012

Functional Analysis Of General Odorant Binding Protein 2 From The Meadow Moth, Loxostege Sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Jiao Yin, Honglin Feng, Hongyan Sun, Jinghui Xi, Yazhong Cao, Kebin Li

Faculty Publications

Odorant binding proteins play a crucial role in transporting semiochemicals across the sensillum lymph to olfactory receptors within the insect antennal sensilla. In this study, the general odorant binding protein 2 gene was cloned from the antennae of Loxostege sticticalis, using reverse transcription PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Recombinant LstiGOBP2 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by Ni ion affinity chromatography. Real-time PCR assays indicated that LstiGOBP2 mRNA is expressed mainly in adult antennae, with expression levels differing with developmental age. Ligand-binding experiments using N-phenyl-naphthylamine (1-NPN) as a fluorescent probe demonstrated that the LstiGOBP2 protein has binding …

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Stress, Mental Health, And Substance Abuse Problems In A Sample Of Diversion Program Youths: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis, Richard Dembo, Rhissa Briones-Robinson, Laura M. Gulledge, Lora M. Karas, Ken C. Winters, Steven Belenko, Paul Greenbaum Mar 2012

Stress, Mental Health, And Substance Abuse Problems In A Sample Of Diversion Program Youths: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis, Richard Dembo, Rhissa Briones-Robinson, Laura M. Gulledge, Lora M. Karas, Ken C. Winters, Steven Belenko, Paul Greenbaum

Faculty Publications

Reflective of interest in mental health and substance abuse issues among youths involved with the justice system, we performed a latent class analysis on baseline information collected on 100 youths involved in two diversion programs. Results identified two groups of youths: Group 1: a majority of the youths, who had high levels of delinquency, mental health, and substance abuse issues; and Group 2: youths with low levels of these problems. Comparison of these two groups on a variety of psychosocial measures and parent/guardian reports found differences between them that were consistent with their problem group classification. Follow-up analysis confirmed problem …

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The Transcriptome And Proteome Of The Diatom Thalassiosira Pseudonana Reveal A Diverse Phosphorus Stress Response, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Bethany D. Jenkins, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Mak A. Saito, Melissa L. Mercier, Harriet Alexander, Leann P. Whitney, Andrea Drzewianowski, Vladimir V. Bulygin, Erin M. Bertrand, Zhijin Wu, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Abigail Heithoff Mar 2012

The Transcriptome And Proteome Of The Diatom Thalassiosira Pseudonana Reveal A Diverse Phosphorus Stress Response, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Bethany D. Jenkins, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Mak A. Saito, Melissa L. Mercier, Harriet Alexander, Leann P. Whitney, Andrea Drzewianowski, Vladimir V. Bulygin, Erin M. Bertrand, Zhijin Wu, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Abigail Heithoff

Faculty Publications

Phosphorus (P) is a critical driver of phytoplankton growth and ecosystem function in the ocean. Diatoms are an abundant class of marine phytoplankton that are responsible for significant amounts of primary production. With the control they exert on the oceanic carbon cycle, there have been a number of studies focused on how diatoms respond to limiting macro and micronutrients such as iron and nitrogen. However, diatom physiological responses to P deficiency are poorly understood. Here, we couple deep sequencing of transcript tags and quantitative proteomics to analyze the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana grown under P-replete and P-deficient conditions. A total of …

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Ototoxic Hearing Loss And Retinoblastoma Patients, Shaum Bhagat Mar 2012

Ototoxic Hearing Loss And Retinoblastoma Patients, Shaum Bhagat

Faculty Publications

Chemotherapy is often used in the conservative management of retinoblastoma. Chemotherapy drugs, while ameliorative, can produce long-lasting side effects that potentially can affect survivor quality of life. Carboplatin is a common chemotherapy agent with known ototoxic side effects that is used in the treatment of retinoblastoma (Rodriguez-Galindo et al., 2003). The potential for carboplatin-induced hearing loss is of concern to the medical professional, given that retinoblastoma is often diagnosed in early childhood and children with retinoblastoma have visual impairments. This chapter will outline the mechanisms underlying carboplatin ototoxicity. The extent of knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of carboplatin-induced hearing loss will …

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Reactive Oxygen Species And Mitochondrial Sensitivity To Oxidative Stress Determine Induction Of Cancer Cell Death By P21, Ionica Masgras, Samantha Carrera, Petra J. De Verdier, Paul Brennan, Aneela Majid, Wan Makhtar, Eugene Tulchinsky, George D. Jones, Igor Roninson, Salvador Macip Mar 2012

Reactive Oxygen Species And Mitochondrial Sensitivity To Oxidative Stress Determine Induction Of Cancer Cell Death By P21, Ionica Masgras, Samantha Carrera, Petra J. De Verdier, Paul Brennan, Aneela Majid, Wan Makhtar, Eugene Tulchinsky, George D. Jones, Igor Roninson, Salvador Macip

Faculty Publications

p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that mediates cell cycle arrest. Prolonged p21 up-regulation induces a senescent phenotype in normal and cancer cells, accompanied by an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, it has been shown recently that p21 expression can also lead to cell death in certain models. The mechanisms involved in this process are not fully understood. Here, we describe an induction of apoptosis by p21 in sarcoma cell lines that is p53-independent and can be ameliorated with antioxidants. Similar levels of p21 and ROS caused senescence in the absence of significant death in other cancer …

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Reply To Jenkins Et Al.: Evidence For Contaminating Oil Exposure Is Closely Linked In Space And Time To Biological Effects, Andrew Whitehead, Benjamin Dubansky, Charlotte Bodinier, Tzintzuni I. Garcia, Scott Miles, Chet Pilley, Vandana Raghunathan, Jennifer L. Roach, Nan Walker, Ronald B. Walter, Charles D. Rice, Fernando Galvez Mar 2012

Reply To Jenkins Et Al.: Evidence For Contaminating Oil Exposure Is Closely Linked In Space And Time To Biological Effects, Andrew Whitehead, Benjamin Dubansky, Charlotte Bodinier, Tzintzuni I. Garcia, Scott Miles, Chet Pilley, Vandana Raghunathan, Jennifer L. Roach, Nan Walker, Ronald B. Walter, Charles D. Rice, Fernando Galvez

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Ml-Flex: A Flexible Toolbox For Performing Classification Analyses In Parallel, Stephen Piccolo, Lewis J. Frey Mar 2012

Ml-Flex: A Flexible Toolbox For Performing Classification Analyses In Parallel, Stephen Piccolo, Lewis J. Frey

Faculty Publications

Motivated by a need to classify high-dimensional, heterogeneous data from the bioinformatics domain, we developed ML-Flex, a machine-learning toolbox that enables users to perform two-class and multi-class classification analyses in a systematic yet flexible manner. ML-Flex was written in Java but is capable of interfacing with third-party packages written in other programming languages. It can handle multiple input-data formats and supports a variety of customizations. MLFlex provides implementations of various validation strategies, which can be executed in parallel across multiple computing cores, processors, and nodes. Additionally, ML-Flex supports aggregating evidence across multiple algorithms and data sets via ensemble learning. This …

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Buffalo, Bush Meat, And The Zoonotic Threat Of Brucellosis In Botswana, Kathleen Anne Alexander, Jason Kenna Blackburn, Mark Eric Vandewalle, Risa Pesapane, Eddie Kekgonne Baipoledi, Phil H. Elzer Mar 2012

Buffalo, Bush Meat, And The Zoonotic Threat Of Brucellosis In Botswana, Kathleen Anne Alexander, Jason Kenna Blackburn, Mark Eric Vandewalle, Risa Pesapane, Eddie Kekgonne Baipoledi, Phil H. Elzer

Faculty Publications

Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance infecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Little is known about the epidemiology and persistence of brucellosis in wildlife in Southern Africa, particularly in Botswana. Methods: Archived wildlife samples from Botswana (1995-2000) were screened with the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) and included the African buffalo (247), bushbuck (1), eland (5), elephant (25), gemsbok (1), giraffe (9), hartebeest (12), impala (171), kudu (27), red lechwe (10), reedbuck (1), rhino (2), springbok (5), steenbok (2), warthog (24), waterbuck (1), wildebeest (33), honey badger (1), lion (43), and zebra (21). …

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Preserving And Using Germplasm And Dissociated Embryonic Cells For Conserving Caribbean And Pacific Coral, Mary Hagedorn, Virginia Carter, Kelly Martorana, Malia K. Paresa, Jason Acker, Iliana B. Baums, Eric Borneman, Michael Brittsan, Michael Byers, Michael Henley, Michael Laterveer, Jo Ann Leong, Megan Mccarthy, Stuart Meyers, Brian D. Nelson, Dirk Petersen, Terrence Tiersch, Rafael Cuevas Uribe, Erik Woods, David Wildt Mar 2012

Preserving And Using Germplasm And Dissociated Embryonic Cells For Conserving Caribbean And Pacific Coral, Mary Hagedorn, Virginia Carter, Kelly Martorana, Malia K. Paresa, Jason Acker, Iliana B. Baums, Eric Borneman, Michael Brittsan, Michael Byers, Michael Henley, Michael Laterveer, Jo Ann Leong, Megan Mccarthy, Stuart Meyers, Brian D. Nelson, Dirk Petersen, Terrence Tiersch, Rafael Cuevas Uribe, Erik Woods, David Wildt

Faculty Publications

Coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented degradation due to human activities, and protecting specific reef habitats may not stop this decline, because the most serious threats are global (i.e., climate change), not local. However, ex situ preservation practices can provide safeguards for coral reef conservation. Specifically, modern advances in cryobiology and genome banking could secure existing species and genetic diversity until genotypes can be introduced into rehabilitated habitats. We assessed the feasibility of recovering viable sperm and embryonic cells post-thaw from two coral species, Acropora palmata and Fungia scutaria that have diffferent evolutionary histories, ecological niches and reproductive strategies. In vitro …

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Life At The Extreme: Lessons From The Genome, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Hans J. Bohnert, John M. Cheeseman Mar 2012

Life At The Extreme: Lessons From The Genome, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Hans J. Bohnert, John M. Cheeseman

Faculty Publications

© 2012 BioMed Central Ltd. Extremophile plants thrive in places where most plant species cannot survive. Recent developments in high-throughput technologies and comparative genomics are shedding light on the evolutionary mechanisms leading to their adaptation.

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Tracing The Transport Of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter In Water Masses Of The Southern Beaufort Sea: Relationship With Hydrographic Characteristics, A. Matsuoka, A. Bricaud, Ronald Benner, J. Para, R. Sempéré, L. Prieur, S. Bélanger, M. Babin Mar 2012

Tracing The Transport Of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter In Water Masses Of The Southern Beaufort Sea: Relationship With Hydrographic Characteristics, A. Matsuoka, A. Bricaud, Ronald Benner, J. Para, R. Sempéré, L. Prieur, S. Bélanger, M. Babin

Faculty Publications

Light absorption by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) [aCDOM(λ)] plays an important role in the heat budget of the Arctic Ocean, contributing to the recent decline in sea ice, as well as in biogeochemical processes. We investigated aCDOM(λ) in the Southern Beaufort Sea where a significant amount of CDOM is delivered by the Mackenzie River. In the surface layer, aCDOM(440) showed a strong and negative correlation with salinity, indicating strong river influence and conservative transport in the river plume. Below the mixed layer, a weak but positive correlation between aCDOM(440) and salinity was observed above the upper halocline, resulting from …

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Detection And Imaging Of The Free Radical Dna In Cells—Site-Specific Radical Formation Induced By Fenton Chemistry And Its Repair In Cellular Dna As Seen By Electron Spin Resonance, Immuno-Spin Trapping And Confocal Microscopy, Suchandra Bhattacharjee, Saurabh Chatterjee, Jinjie Jiang, Birandra K. Sinha, Ronald P. Mason Mar 2012

Detection And Imaging Of The Free Radical Dna In Cells—Site-Specific Radical Formation Induced By Fenton Chemistry And Its Repair In Cellular Dna As Seen By Electron Spin Resonance, Immuno-Spin Trapping And Confocal Microscopy, Suchandra Bhattacharjee, Saurabh Chatterjee, Jinjie Jiang, Birandra K. Sinha, Ronald P. Mason

Faculty Publications

Oxidative stress-related damage to the DNA macromolecule produces lesions that are implicated in various diseases. To understand damage to DNA, it is important to study the free radical reactions causing the damage. Measurement of DNA damage has been a matter of debate as most of the available methods measure the end product of a sequence of events and provide limited information on the initial free radical formation. We report a measurement of free radical damage in DNA induced by a Cu(II)-H2O2 oxidizing system using immuno-spin trapping supplemented with electron paramagnetic resonance. In this investigation, the short-lived radical generated is trapped …

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Spike Resonance Properties In Hippocampal O-Lm Cells Are Dependent On Refractory Dynamics., Kispersky Tj, Fernandez Fr, Economo Mn, White Ja Mar 2012

Spike Resonance Properties In Hippocampal O-Lm Cells Are Dependent On Refractory Dynamics., Kispersky Tj, Fernandez Fr, Economo Mn, White Ja

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Middle Income Peers As Educational Resources And The Constitutional Right To Equal Access, Derek W. Black Mar 2012

Middle Income Peers As Educational Resources And The Constitutional Right To Equal Access, Derek W. Black

Faculty Publications

Concentrated poverty in public schools continues to be a leading determinate of the educational opportunities that minority students receive. Since the effective end of mandatory desegregation, advocates have lacked legal tools to address it. As an alternative, some advocates and scholars have attempted to incorporate the concerns of concentrated poverty and racial segregation into educational litigation under state constitutions, but these efforts have been slow to take hold. Thus, all that has remained for students in poor and minority schools is the hope that school finance litigation could direct sufficient resources to mitigate their plight. This Article offers another solution. …

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Tropical Tree Seedling Growth Responses To Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Addition, Louis S. Santiago, S. Joseph Wright, Kyle E. Harms, Joseph B. Yavitt, Carmi Korine, Milton N. Garcia, Benjamin L. Turner Mar 2012

Tropical Tree Seedling Growth Responses To Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Addition, Louis S. Santiago, S. Joseph Wright, Kyle E. Harms, Joseph B. Yavitt, Carmi Korine, Milton N. Garcia, Benjamin L. Turner

Faculty Publications

Nutrients are a critical resource for plant growth, but the elements limiting growth in tropical forests have rarely been determined. We investigated the influence of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and micronutrients on seedling biomass and nutrient allocation in a factorial nutrient fertilization experiment in lowland tropical forest at the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama. We also measured 8years of herbivory and growth for 1800 seedlings. We sought to determine the identity of limiting elements and possible nutrient interactions. The five study species were Alseis blackiana, Desmopsis panamensis, Heisteria concinna, Sorocea affinis and Tetragastris panamensis. Plants grew in deeply …

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Evidence That Thaxtomin C Is A Pathogenicity Determinant Of Streptomyces Ipomoeae, The Causative Agent Of Streptomyces Soil Rot Disease Of Sweet Potato, Dongli Guan, Brenda L. Grau, Christopher A. Clark, Carol M. Taylor, Rosemary Loria, Gregg S. Pettis Mar 2012

Evidence That Thaxtomin C Is A Pathogenicity Determinant Of Streptomyces Ipomoeae, The Causative Agent Of Streptomyces Soil Rot Disease Of Sweet Potato, Dongli Guan, Brenda L. Grau, Christopher A. Clark, Carol M. Taylor, Rosemary Loria, Gregg S. Pettis

Faculty Publications

Streptomyces ipomoeae is the causal agent of Streptomyces soil rot of sweet potato, a disease marked by highly necrotic destruction of adventitious roots, including the development of necrotic lesions on the fleshy storage roots. Streptomyces potato scab pathogens produce a phytotoxin (thaxtomin A) that appears to facilitate their entrance into host plants. S. ipomoeae produces a less-modified thaxtomin derivative (thaxtomin C) whose role in pathogenicity has not been examined. Here, we cloned and sequenced the thaxtomin gene cluster (txt) of S. ipomoeae, and we then constructed targeted txt mutants that no longer produced thaxtomin C. The mutants were unable to …

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Influence Of Immobilized Biomolecules On Magnetic Bead Plug Formation And Retention In Capillary Electrophoresis, Rachel L. Henken, Rattikan Chantiwas, S. Douglass Gilman Mar 2012

Influence Of Immobilized Biomolecules On Magnetic Bead Plug Formation And Retention In Capillary Electrophoresis, Rachel L. Henken, Rattikan Chantiwas, S. Douglass Gilman

Faculty Publications

Significant changes in the formation and retention of magnetic bead plugs in a capillary during electrophoresis were studied, and it was demonstrated that these effects were due to the type of biological molecule immobilized on the surface of these beads. Three biological molecules, an antibody, an oligonucleotide, and alkaline phosphatase (AP), were attached to otherwise identical streptavidin-coated magnetic beads through biotin-avidin binding in order to isolate differences in bead immobilization in a magnetic field resulting from the type of biological molecule immobilized on the bead surface. AP was also attached to the magnetic beads using epoxy groups on the bead …

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Arthropod Community Associated With Tropical Soda Apple And Natural Enemies Of Gratiana Boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) In Florida, R. Diaz, K. Hibbard, A. Samayoa, W. A. Overholt Mar 2012

Arthropod Community Associated With Tropical Soda Apple And Natural Enemies Of Gratiana Boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) In Florida, R. Diaz, K. Hibbard, A. Samayoa, W. A. Overholt

Faculty Publications

Arthropods associated with the exotic weed tropical soda apple were collected in Florida. We found that tropical soda apple is a suitable host for several insect pests of agricultural and ornamental plants. Additionally, we report several predators, parasitoids and entomopathogens of Gratiana boliviana, a biological control agent of tropical soda apple.

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Tshkt1;2, A Hkt1 Homolog From The Extremophile Arabidopsis Relative Thellungiella Salsuginea, Shows K + Specificity In The Presence Of Nacl, Zahir Ali, Hyeong Cheol Park, Akhtar Ali, Dong Ha Oh, Rashid Aman, Anna Kropornicka, Hyewon Hong, Wonkyun Choi, Woo Sik Chung, Woe Yeon Kim, Ray A. Bressan, Hans J. Bohnert, Sang Yeol Lee, Dae Jin Yun Mar 2012

Tshkt1;2, A Hkt1 Homolog From The Extremophile Arabidopsis Relative Thellungiella Salsuginea, Shows K + Specificity In The Presence Of Nacl, Zahir Ali, Hyeong Cheol Park, Akhtar Ali, Dong Ha Oh, Rashid Aman, Anna Kropornicka, Hyewon Hong, Wonkyun Choi, Woo Sik Chung, Woe Yeon Kim, Ray A. Bressan, Hans J. Bohnert, Sang Yeol Lee, Dae Jin Yun

Faculty Publications

Cellular Na +/K + ratio is a crucial parameter determining plant salinity stress resistance. We tested the function of plasma membrane Na +/K + cotransporters in the High-affinity K + Transporter (HKT) family from the halophytic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) relative Thellungiella salsuginea. T. salsuginea contains at least two HKT genes. TsHKT1;1 is expressed at very low levels, while the abundant TsHKT1;2 is transcriptionally strongly up-regulated by salt stress. TsHKT-based RNA interference in T. salsuginea resulted in Na + sensitivity and K + deficiency. The athkt1 mutant lines overexpressing TsHKT1;2 proved less sensitive to Na + and showed less K + …

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Erratum To: An Adaptive Composite Density Estimator For K-Tree Sampling(Eur J Forest Res, 10.1007/S10342-011-0502-8), Steen Magnussen, Lutz Fehrman, William J. Platt Mar 2012

Erratum To: An Adaptive Composite Density Estimator For K-Tree Sampling(Eur J Forest Res, 10.1007/S10342-011-0502-8), Steen Magnussen, Lutz Fehrman, William J. Platt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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First Report Of A Mermithid Nematode Infecting Piezodorus Guildinii And Acrosternum Hilare (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) In The United States, Katherine L. Kamminga, Jeffrey A. Davis, S. Patricia Stock, Arthur R. Richter Mar 2012

First Report Of A Mermithid Nematode Infecting Piezodorus Guildinii And Acrosternum Hilare (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) In The United States, Katherine L. Kamminga, Jeffrey A. Davis, S. Patricia Stock, Arthur R. Richter

Faculty Publications

A mermithid nematode emerged from stink bugs, Acrosternum hilare and Piezodorus guildinii, collected from Louisiana soybean fields. Photographs of this parasite are presented. An analysis conducted by amplifying 18S rDNA revealed that the nematode belongs to the genus Hexamermis. A BLAST search indicated that the sequence (696 bp) has the closest match to Hexamermis agrotis Wang et al. 18S ribosomal RNA gene. This is the first report of a Hexamermis sp. infecting A. hilare worldwide and a mermithid infecting P. guildinii in the United States.

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Impact Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), On Biological Control Of Salvinia Minima (Hydropteridales: Salviniaceae) By Cyrtobagous Salviniae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Katherine A. Parys, Seth J. Johnson Mar 2012

Impact Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), On Biological Control Of Salvinia Minima (Hydropteridales: Salviniaceae) By Cyrtobagous Salviniae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Katherine A. Parys, Seth J. Johnson

Faculty Publications

A 2-yr study of the impacts of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, on the success of Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder & Sands as a biological control agent of common salvinia, Salvinia minima Baker, was undertaken in southern Louisiana. Floating moats were constructed around 8 release sites where C. salviniae was introduced as a biological control agent. These moats were used to restrict access to the release site by red imported fire ants in half the quadrats. Moating was successful in limiting the number of red imported fire ants in the release sites over the course of the study …

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