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Reproductive Capacity Evolves In Response To Ecology Through Common Changes In Cell Number In Hawaiian Drosophila, Didem P. Sarikaya, Samuel H. Church, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Karl N. Magnacca, Steven L. Montgomery, Donald K. Price, Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro, Cassandra G. Extavour Jun 2019

Reproductive Capacity Evolves In Response To Ecology Through Common Changes In Cell Number In Hawaiian Drosophila, Didem P. Sarikaya, Samuel H. Church, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Karl N. Magnacca, Steven L. Montgomery, Donald K. Price, Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro, Cassandra G. Extavour

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Lifetime reproductive capacity is a critical fitness component. In insects, female reproductive capacity is largely determined by the number of ovarioles, the egg-producing subunits of the ovary [e.g., 1]. Recent work has provided insights into ovariole number regulation in Drosophila melanogaster. However, whether mechanisms discovered under laboratory conditions explain evolutionary variation in natural populations is an outstanding question. We investigated potential effects of ecology on the developmental processes underlying ovariole number evolution among Hawaiian Drosophila, a large adaptive radiation wherein the highest and lowest ovariole numbers of the family have evolved within 25 million years. Previous …

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Cellular Effects Of Butyrate On Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Are Mediated Through Disparate Actions On Dual Targets, Histone Deacetylase (Hdac) Activity And Pi3k/Akt Signaling Network, Omana P. Mathew, Kasturi Ranganna, Joseph Mathew, Meiling Zhu, Zivar Yousefipour, Chelliah Selvam, Shirlette G. Milton Jun 2019

Cellular Effects Of Butyrate On Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Are Mediated Through Disparate Actions On Dual Targets, Histone Deacetylase (Hdac) Activity And Pi3k/Akt Signaling Network, Omana P. Mathew, Kasturi Ranganna, Joseph Mathew, Meiling Zhu, Zivar Yousefipour, Chelliah Selvam, Shirlette G. Milton

Faculty Publications

Vascular remodeling is a characteristic feature of cardiovascular diseases. Altered cellular processes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a crucial component in vascular remodeling. Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), butyrate, arrests VSMC proliferation and promotes cell growth. The objective of the study is to determine the mechanism of butyrate-induced VSMC growth. Using proliferating VSMCs exposed to 5 mM butyrate, immunoblotting studies are performed to determine whether PI3K/Akt pathway that regulates different cellular effects is a target of butyrate-induced VSMC growth. Butyrate inhibits phosphorylation-dependent activation of PI3K, PDK1, and Akt, eliciting differential effects on downstream targets of Akt. Along with previously …

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Sediment Identification Using Machine Learning Classifiers In A Mixed-Texture Dredge Pit Of Louisiana Shelf For Coastal Restoration, Haoran Liu, Kehui Xu, Bin Li, Ya Han, Guandong Li Jun 2019

Sediment Identification Using Machine Learning Classifiers In A Mixed-Texture Dredge Pit Of Louisiana Shelf For Coastal Restoration, Haoran Liu, Kehui Xu, Bin Li, Ya Han, Guandong Li

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Link Between Purine Metabolism And Production Of Antibiotics In Streptomyces, Smitha Sivapragasam, Anne Grove Jun 2019

The Link Between Purine Metabolism And Production Of Antibiotics In Streptomyces, Smitha Sivapragasam, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Stress and starvation causes bacterial cells to activate the stringent response. This results in down-regulation of energy-requiring processes related to growth, as well as an upregulation of genes associated with survival and stress responses. Guanosine tetra- and pentaphosphates (collectively referred to as (p)ppGpp) are critical for this process. In Gram-positive bacteria, a main function of (p)ppGpp is to limit cellular levels of GTP, one consequence of which is reduced transcription of genes that require GTP as the initiating nucleotide, such as rRNA genes. In Streptomycetes, the stringent response is also linked to complex morphological differentiation …

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The Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog D (Rbohd) Cell And Tissue Distribution In Potato-Potato Virus Y (Pvyntn) Hypersensitive And Susceptible Reactions, Rodrigo A. Valverde Jun 2019

The Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog D (Rbohd) Cell And Tissue Distribution In Potato-Potato Virus Y (Pvyntn) Hypersensitive And Susceptible Reactions, Rodrigo A. Valverde

Faculty Publications

The respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD) acts as a central driving force of reactive oxygen species signaling in plant cells by integrating many different signal transduction pathways in plants, including incompatible interactions with pathogens. This study demonstrated the localization and distribution of RbohD in two types of potato-potato virus Y (PVY) interactions: Compatible and incompatible (resistant). The results indicated a statistically significant induction of the RbohD antigen signal in both interaction types. In the hypersensitive response (resistant reaction) of potato with a high level of resistance to the potato tuber necrotic strain of PVY (PVYNTN), RbohD localization followed by …

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Factors Influencing Landowners' Decisions For Income-Generating Activities On Private Coastal Wetland In Louisiana, Hua Wang, Walter Keithly, Rex Caffey Jun 2019

Factors Influencing Landowners' Decisions For Income-Generating Activities On Private Coastal Wetland In Louisiana, Hua Wang, Walter Keithly, Rex Caffey

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. The coastal zone of Louisiana contains more than 3 million wetland acres and has the highest acreage of salt marsh of any state. However, Louisiana accounts for 80 percent of the nation's coastal land loss. The loss of Louisiana's coastal wetlands results in changes in economic and ecological benefits on local communities. The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors that motivate private coastal landowners to participate in income-generating activities and the level of income derived from their coastal wetland parcels and to gauge their opinion of potential policy instruments for coastal wetlands …

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Description Of A New Species Of Ponyfish (Teleostei: Leiognathidae: Equulitini: Photolateralis) From The Gulf Of Oman, John S. Sparks, Prosanta Chakrabarty Jun 2019

Description Of A New Species Of Ponyfish (Teleostei: Leiognathidae: Equulitini: Photolateralis) From The Gulf Of Oman, John S. Sparks, Prosanta Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2019. A new species belonging to the leiognathid genus Photolateralis, collected from the coastal waters of Oman, is described herein. Photolateralis is unique among leiognathid genera in possessing a species-specific translucent midlateral flank stripe that may be comprised of either multiple independent translucent windows (P. stercorarius, P. moretoniensis, and the new species) or a continuous translucent lateral band (P. antongil). Photolateralis polyfenestrus, new species, is distinguished from congeners by the presence of a short, composite midlateral stripe comprised of three small, rounded translucent windows (vs. numerous windows in both P. stercorarius and P. …

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Sexually Dimorphic Oxytocin Receptorexpressing Neurons In The Preoptic Area Of The Mouse Brain, Kaustubh Sharma, Ryan Leblanc, Masudul Haque, Katsuhiko Nishimori, Madigan M. Reid, Ryoichi Teruyama Jun 2019

Sexually Dimorphic Oxytocin Receptorexpressing Neurons In The Preoptic Area Of The Mouse Brain, Kaustubh Sharma, Ryan Leblanc, Masudul Haque, Katsuhiko Nishimori, Madigan M. Reid, Ryoichi Teruyama

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Sharma et al. Oxytocin is involved in the regulation of social behaviors including parental behaviors in a variety of species. Oxytocin triggers social behaviors by binding to oxytocin receptors (OXTRs) in various parts of the brain. OXTRs are present in the preoptic area (POA) where hormone-sensitive sexually dimorphic nuclei exist. The present study was conducted to examine whether sex differences exist in the distribution of neurons expressing OXTRs in the POA. Using OXTR-Venus (an enhanced variant of yellow fluorescent protein) mice, the distribution of OXTR-Venus cells in the POA was compared between sexes. The total number of OXTR-Venus …

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Evidence For Pathways Of Concentrated Submarine Groundwater Discharge In East Antarctica From Helicopter-Borne Electrical Resistivity Measurements, Neil Foley, Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Denys Grombacher, Peter T. Doran, Jill Mikucki, Krista F. Myers, Nikolaj Foged, Hilary Dugan, Esben Auken, Ross Virginia Jun 2019

Evidence For Pathways Of Concentrated Submarine Groundwater Discharge In East Antarctica From Helicopter-Borne Electrical Resistivity Measurements, Neil Foley, Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Denys Grombacher, Peter T. Doran, Jill Mikucki, Krista F. Myers, Nikolaj Foged, Hilary Dugan, Esben Auken, Ross Virginia

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. The Southern Ocean receives limited liquid surface water input from the Antarctic continent. It has been speculated, however, that significant liquid water may flow from beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet, and that this subglacial flow carries that water along with dissolved nutrients to the coast. The delivery of solutes, particularly limiting nutrients like bioavailable iron, to the Southern Ocean may contribute to ecosystem processes including primary productivity. Using a helicopter-borne time domain electromagnetic survey along the coastal margins of the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, we detected subsurface connections between inland …

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The Expression Of Adipose Tissue-Derived Cardiotrophin-1 In Humans With Obesity, Jacqueline Stephens, Eric Ravussin, Ursula White Jun 2019

The Expression Of Adipose Tissue-Derived Cardiotrophin-1 In Humans With Obesity, Jacqueline Stephens, Eric Ravussin, Ursula White

Faculty Publications

© 2019, MDPI AG. All rights reserved. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a gp130 cytokine that was previously characterized for its e ects on cardiomyocytes and identified as a marker of heart failure. More recent studies reported elevated circulating levels of CT-1 in humans with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, a subsequent rodent study implicated CT-1 as a potential therapeutic target for obesity and MetS. Adipose tissue (AT) is broadly acknowledged as an endocrine organ and is a substantial source of CT-1. However, no study has examined the expression of adipose-derived CT-1 in humans. We present the first analysis of CT-1 …

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Contrasting Latitudinal Gradients Of Body Size In Helminth Parasites And Their Hosts, Tad Dallas, Alyssa Lois M. Gehman, A. Alonso Aguirre, Sarah A. Budischak, John M. Drake, Maxwell J. Farrell, Ria Ghai, Shan Huang, Ignacio Morales-Castilla Jun 2019

Contrasting Latitudinal Gradients Of Body Size In Helminth Parasites And Their Hosts, Tad Dallas, Alyssa Lois M. Gehman, A. Alonso Aguirre, Sarah A. Budischak, John M. Drake, Maxwell J. Farrell, Ria Ghai, Shan Huang, Ignacio Morales-Castilla

Faculty Publications

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Aim: We examined body size scaling relationships for two developmental life stages of parasitic helminths (egg and adult) separately in relationship to latitude (i.e. Bergmann's rule), temperature and temperature seasonality. Given that helminth eggs experience environmental conditions more directly, whereas adults live inside infected host individuals, we predict stronger environmentally driven gradients of body size for eggs than for adults. Location: Global. Time period: Present day. Major taxa studied: Parasitic helminths. Methods: We compiled egg size and adult body size data (both minimum and maximum) for 265 parasitic helminth species from the literature, …

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Meta-Analysis Of Yield Response Of Foliar Fungicide-Treated Hybrid Corn In The United States And Ontario, Canada, Kiersten A. Wise, Damon Smith, Anna Freije, Daren S. Mueller, Yuba Kandel, Tom Allen, Carl A. Bradley, Emmanuel Byamukama, Martin Chilvers, Travis Faske, Andrew Friskop, Clayton Hollier, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems, Heather Kelly, Bob Kemerait, Paul Price, Alison Robertson, Albert Tenuta Jun 2019

Meta-Analysis Of Yield Response Of Foliar Fungicide-Treated Hybrid Corn In The United States And Ontario, Canada, Kiersten A. Wise, Damon Smith, Anna Freije, Daren S. Mueller, Yuba Kandel, Tom Allen, Carl A. Bradley, Emmanuel Byamukama, Martin Chilvers, Travis Faske, Andrew Friskop, Clayton Hollier, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems, Heather Kelly, Bob Kemerait, Paul Price, Alison Robertson, Albert Tenuta

Faculty Publications

Background Foliar fungicide applications to corn (Zea mays L.) occur at one or more application timings ranging from early vegetative growth stages to mid-reproductive stages. Previous studies indicated that fungicide applications are profitable under high disease pressure when applied during the tasseling to silking growth stages. Few comprehensive studies in corn have examined the impact of fungicide applications at an early vegetative growth stage (V6) compared to late application timings (VT) for yield response and return on fungicide investment (ROI) across multiple locations. Objective Compare yield response of fungicide application timing across multiple fungicide classes and calculate the probability of …

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Field Efficacy Of Insect Pathogen, Botanical, And Jasmonic Acid For The Management Of Wheat Midge Sitodiplosis Mosellana And The Impact On Adult Parasitoid Macroglenes Penetrans Populations In Spring Wheat, Govinda Shrestha, Gadi V.P. Reddy Jun 2019

Field Efficacy Of Insect Pathogen, Botanical, And Jasmonic Acid For The Management Of Wheat Midge Sitodiplosis Mosellana And The Impact On Adult Parasitoid Macroglenes Penetrans Populations In Spring Wheat, Govinda Shrestha, Gadi V.P. Reddy

Faculty Publications

The wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana, is a serious pest of wheat worldwide. In North America, management of S. mosellana in spring wheat relies on the timely application of pesticides, based on midge adults levels caught in pheromone traps or seen via field scouting during wheat heading. In this context, biopesticides can be an effective alternative to pesticides for controlling S. mosellana within an Integrated Pest Management program. A field study using insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana GHA, nematode Steinernema feltiae with Barricade polymer gel 1%, pyrethrin, combined formulations of B. bassiana GHA and pyrethrin, Jasmonic acid (JA) and chlorpyrifos (chemical …

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Diurnal And Seasonal Variations In Soil Respiration Of Four Plantation Forests In An Urban Park, Mengxun Zhu, Wanlai Xue, Hang Xu, Yuan Gao, Shengnan Chen, Bin Li, Zhiqiang Zhang Jun 2019

Diurnal And Seasonal Variations In Soil Respiration Of Four Plantation Forests In An Urban Park, Mengxun Zhu, Wanlai Xue, Hang Xu, Yuan Gao, Shengnan Chen, Bin Li, Zhiqiang Zhang

Faculty Publications

Understanding the carbon dynamics of urban trees and forests is one of the key components for developing mitigation strategies for climate change in a fast-paced urbanized world. This study selected four plantation forests composed of poplar, black locust, Chinese pine and mixture of poplar and black locust, located in an urban forest park on a well-drained fluvial plain with same land-use history. The diurnal and seasonal changes in soil respiration (Rs) and biophysical factors were measured from April 2015 to March 2016. At the diurnal scale, Rs varied out of phase with soil temperature (Ts) and the time-lag occurred in …

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Broad-Scale Habitat Use By Fledgling Black-Capped Vireo, Marisa T. Martinez, Ashley M. Long, Heather A. Mathewson, Michael L. Morrison Jun 2019

Broad-Scale Habitat Use By Fledgling Black-Capped Vireo, Marisa T. Martinez, Ashley M. Long, Heather A. Mathewson, Michael L. Morrison

Faculty Publications

Knowledge of avian habitat associations during the postfledging stage is lacking for most songbirds, which limits the ability to develop and implement management plans that address the full life cycle of birds. The Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla; hereafter vireo) is a Neotropical migratory songbird that breeds in early to mid-successional vegetation but has been documented using late-successional vegetation. We used data collected in 2013 and 2014 to determine the spatial distribution of vireo fledglings in relation to the availability of woodland cover in central Texas. We found that woodland cover was used less often than it was available in the …

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Maize Responsiveness To Azospirillum Brasilense: Insights Into Genetic Control, Heterosis And Genomic Prediction, Miriam Suzane Vidotti, Filipe Inácio Matias, Filipe Couto Alves, Paulino Pérez Rodríguez, Gregório Alvarado Beltran, Juan Burguenõ, José Crossa, Roberto Fritsche-Neto Jun 2019

Maize Responsiveness To Azospirillum Brasilense: Insights Into Genetic Control, Heterosis And Genomic Prediction, Miriam Suzane Vidotti, Filipe Inácio Matias, Filipe Couto Alves, Paulino Pérez Rodríguez, Gregório Alvarado Beltran, Juan Burguenõ, José Crossa, Roberto Fritsche-Neto

Faculty Publications

Several studies have shown differences in the abilities of maize genotypes to facilitate or impede Azospirillum brasilense colonization and to receive benefits from this association. Hence, our aim was to study the genetic control, heterosis effect and the prediction accuracy of the shoot and root traits of maize in response to A. brasilense. For that, we evaluated 118 hybrids under two contrasting scenarios: I) N stress (control) and ii) N stress plus A. brasilense inoculation. The diallel analyses were performed using mixed model equations, and the genomic prediction models accounted for the general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA, …

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Modeling Atmosphere-Ocean Radiative Transfer: A Pace Mission Perspective, Jacek Chowdhary, Peng-Wang Zhai, Emmanuel Boss, Heidi Dierssen, Robert Frouin, Amir Ibrahim, Zhongping Lee, Lorraine A. Remer, Michael Twardowski, Feng Xu, Xiaodong Zhang, Matteo Ottaviani, William Reed Espinosa, Didier Ramon Jun 2019

Modeling Atmosphere-Ocean Radiative Transfer: A Pace Mission Perspective, Jacek Chowdhary, Peng-Wang Zhai, Emmanuel Boss, Heidi Dierssen, Robert Frouin, Amir Ibrahim, Zhongping Lee, Lorraine A. Remer, Michael Twardowski, Feng Xu, Xiaodong Zhang, Matteo Ottaviani, William Reed Espinosa, Didier Ramon

Faculty Publications

The research frontiers of radiative transfer (RT) in coupled atmosphere-ocean systems are explored to enable new science and specifically to support the upcoming Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite mission. Given (i) the multitude of atmospheric and oceanic constituents at any given moment that each exhibits a large variety of physical and chemical properties and (ii) the diversity of light-matter interactions (scattering, absorption, and emission), tackling all outstanding RT aspects related to interpreting and/or simulating light reflected by atmosphere-ocean systems becomes impossible. Instead, we focus on both theoretical and experimental studies of RT topics important to the science threshold …

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Current Status And Recommendations Toward A Virus Standard For Ballast Water, Yiseul Kim, Samuel D. Snow, Vanessa Reichel-Deland, Mostafa Maghsoodi, Gabrielle M. Langlois, Volodymyr V. Tarabara, Joan B. Rose Jun 2019

Current Status And Recommendations Toward A Virus Standard For Ballast Water, Yiseul Kim, Samuel D. Snow, Vanessa Reichel-Deland, Mostafa Maghsoodi, Gabrielle M. Langlois, Volodymyr V. Tarabara, Joan B. Rose

Faculty Publications

Ballast water contains and transfers a variety of biological and non-biological materials between biomes. This study aimed to summarize published literature on the viruses found in ballast water, to evaluate ultrafiltration and plaque assay as methods for concentrating and enumerating viruses, and to assess the efficacy of UV irradiation in the inactivation of infectious viruses in ballast water. Previous studies reported high virus concentrations in ballast tanks, ranging from 109 to 1014 viral particles/L. The ultrafiltration and plaque assay were efficient in concentrating and enumerating four types of phages: MS2, PhiX174, P22, and PP7. The UV dose (radiant fluence) necessary …

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Owning Colors, Deborah R. Gerhardt, John Mcclanahan Lee Jun 2019

Owning Colors, Deborah R. Gerhardt, John Mcclanahan Lee

Faculty Publications

Part I of this article explores how different disciplines have contended with understanding color as a signifier of embodied and referential meaning. As a path towards understanding embodied meaning, we summarize what scientific literature teaches about the process behind color vision and biological responses to different color wavelengths. We then turn to the referential or learned meaning of colors. The scholarly literature from psychology, art, religious history, marketing, political science, and behavioral economics overwhelmingly supports the proposition that color sends varied and contradictory expressive signals that are elastic over time and cultural context. Given the many possible and contradictory messages …

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Mercury Cycling In The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre As Revealed By Mercury Stable Isotope Ratios, Laura C. Motta, Joel D. Blum, Marcus W. Johnson, Blaire P. Umhau, Brian N. Popp, Spencer J. Washburn, Jeffrey C. Drazen, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Cecelia C. S. Hannides, Hilary G. Close, Carl H. Lamborg May 2019

Mercury Cycling In The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre As Revealed By Mercury Stable Isotope Ratios, Laura C. Motta, Joel D. Blum, Marcus W. Johnson, Blaire P. Umhau, Brian N. Popp, Spencer J. Washburn, Jeffrey C. Drazen, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Cecelia C. S. Hannides, Hilary G. Close, Carl H. Lamborg

Faculty Publications

The oceans are an important global reservoir for mercury (Hg), and marine fish consumption is the dominant human exposure pathway for its toxic methylated form. A more thorough understanding of the global biogeochemical cycle of Hg requires additional information on the mechanisms that control Hg cycling in pelagic marine waters. In this study, Hg isotope ratios and total Hg concentrations are used to explore Hg biogeochemistry in oligotrophic marine environments north of Hawaii. We present the first measurements of the vertical water column distribution of Hg concentrations and the Hg isotopic composition in precipitation, marine particles, and zooplankton near Station …

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Adiposity Mediates The Association Between The Dietary Inflammatory Index And Markers Of Type 2 Diabetes Risk In Middle-Aged Black South African Women, Asanda Mtintsilana, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Elin Chorell, Tommy Olsson, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Andre P. Kengne, Julia H. Goedecke May 2019

Adiposity Mediates The Association Between The Dietary Inflammatory Index And Markers Of Type 2 Diabetes Risk In Middle-Aged Black South African Women, Asanda Mtintsilana, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Elin Chorell, Tommy Olsson, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Andre P. Kengne, Julia H. Goedecke

Faculty Publications

The dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a validated tool used to measure the inflammatory potential of the diet, has been associated with metabolic disorders in various settings, but not in African populations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the DII is associated with markers of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, and if this association is mediated by adiposity and/or low-grade inflammation, in black South Africa women. Energy-adjusted-DII (E-DII) scores were calculated in 190 women (median age, 53 years) from the Birth-to-Twenty plus cohort using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and inflammatory cytokines …

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The Kinesin‐3 Motor, Klp‐4, Mediates Axonal Organization And Cholinergic Signaling In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Margaret E. Magaletta, Kendall J. Perkins, Catherine P. Deuchler, Jay N. Pieczynski May 2019

The Kinesin‐3 Motor, Klp‐4, Mediates Axonal Organization And Cholinergic Signaling In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Margaret E. Magaletta, Kendall J. Perkins, Catherine P. Deuchler, Jay N. Pieczynski

Faculty Publications

Microtubule plus‐end directed trafficking is dominated by kinesin motors, yet kinesins differ in terms of cargo identity, movement rate, and distance travelled. Functional diversity of kinesins is especially apparent in polarized neurons, where long distance trafficking is required for efficient signal transduction‐behavioral response paradigms. The Kinesin‐3 superfamily are expressed in neurons and are hypothesized to have significant roles in neuronal signal transduction due to their high processivity. Although much is known about Kinesin‐3 motors mechanistically in vitro, there is little known about their mechanisms in vivo. Here, we analyzed KLP‐4, the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of human KIF13A and KIF13B. …

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Challenges For Natural Hydrogels In Tissue Engineering, Esmaiel Jabbari May 2019

Challenges For Natural Hydrogels In Tissue Engineering, Esmaiel Jabbari

Faculty Publications

Protein-based biopolymers derived from natural tissues possess a hierarchical structure in their native state. Strongly solvating, reducing and stabilizing agents, as well as heat, pressure, and enzymes are used to isolate protein-based biopolymers from their natural tissue, solubilize them in aqueous solution and convert them into injectable or preformed hydrogels for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This review aims to highlight the need to investigate the nano-/micro-structure of hydrogels derived from the extracellular matrix proteins of natural tissues. Future work should focus on identifying the nature of secondary, tertiary, and higher order structure formation in protein-based hydrogels derived …

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Challenges For Natural Hydrogels In Tissue Engineering, Esmaiel Jabbari May 2019

Challenges For Natural Hydrogels In Tissue Engineering, Esmaiel Jabbari

Faculty Publications

Protein-based biopolymers derived from natural tissues possess a hierarchical structure in their native state. Strongly solvating, reducing and stabilizing agents, as well as heat, pressure, and enzymes are used to isolate protein-based biopolymers from their natural tissue, solubilize them in aqueous solution and convert them into injectable or preformed hydrogels for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This review aims to highlight the need to investigate the nano-/micro-structure of hydrogels derived from the extracellular matrix proteins of natural tissues. Future work should focus on identifying the nature of secondary, tertiary, and higher order structure formation in protein-based hydrogels derived …

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Hypermongone C Accelerates Wound Healing Through The Modulation Of Inflammatory Factors And Promotion Of Fibroblast Migration, Sara E. Moghadam, Moridi Mahdi Farimani, Sara Soroury, Samad N. Ebrahimi, Ehsan Jabbarzadeh May 2019

Hypermongone C Accelerates Wound Healing Through The Modulation Of Inflammatory Factors And Promotion Of Fibroblast Migration, Sara E. Moghadam, Moridi Mahdi Farimani, Sara Soroury, Samad N. Ebrahimi, Ehsan Jabbarzadeh

Faculty Publications

The physiology of wound healing is dependent on the crosstalk between inflammatory mediators and cellular components of skin regeneration including fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Therefore, strategies to promote healing must regulate this crosstalk to achieve maximum efficacy. In light of the remarkable potential of natural compounds to target multiple signaling mechanisms, this study aims to demonstrate the potential of hypermongone C, a polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP), to accelerate wound closure by concurrently enhancing fibroblast proliferation and migration, promoting angiogenesis, and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This compound belongs to a family of plants (Hypericum) that traditionally have been used to treat injuries. …

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Contribution Of Maize Polyamine And Amino Acid Metabolism Toward Resistance Against Aspergillus Flavus Infection And Aflatoxin Production., Rajtilak Majumdar, Rakesh Minocha, Matthew D. Lebar, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Stephanie Long, Carol H. Carter-Wientjes, Subhash C. Minocha, Jeffrey W. Cary May 2019

Contribution Of Maize Polyamine And Amino Acid Metabolism Toward Resistance Against Aspergillus Flavus Infection And Aflatoxin Production., Rajtilak Majumdar, Rakesh Minocha, Matthew D. Lebar, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Stephanie Long, Carol H. Carter-Wientjes, Subhash C. Minocha, Jeffrey W. Cary

Faculty Publications

Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous polycations found in plants and other organisms that are essential for growth, development, and resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses. The role of PAs in plant disease resistance depends on the relative abundance of higher PAs [spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm)] vs. the diamine putrescine (Put) and PA catabolism. With respect to the pathogen, PAs are required to achieve successful pathogenesis of the host. Maize is an important food and feed crop, which is highly susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection. Upon infection, the fungus produces carcinogenic aflatoxins and numerous other toxic secondary metabolites that adversely affect human …

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Managing Agroecosystems For Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency: Ecological Unknowns, Potential Outcomes, And A Path Forward, Cynthia M. Kallenbach, Matthew D. Wallenstein, Meagan E. Schipanksi, A. Stuart Grandy May 2019

Managing Agroecosystems For Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency: Ecological Unknowns, Potential Outcomes, And A Path Forward, Cynthia M. Kallenbach, Matthew D. Wallenstein, Meagan E. Schipanksi, A. Stuart Grandy

Faculty Publications

Agricultural systems are increasingly managed for improving soil carbon (C) accumulation. However, there are limits to C returns in agricultural systems that constrain soil C accumulation capacity. Increasing the efficiency of how soil microbes process C is gaining interest as an important management strategy for increasing soil C and is a key feature of soil C dynamics in many new microbial-explicit models. A higher microbial C use efficiency (CUE) may increase C storage while reducing C system losses and is a fundamental trait affecting community assembly dynamics and nutrient cycling. However, the numerous ecological unknowns influencing CUE limit our ability …

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Tidal And Meteorological Influences On The Growth Of Invasive Spartina Alterniflora: Evidence From Uav Remote Sensing, Xudong Zhu, Lingxuan Meng, Yihui Zhang, Qihao Weng, James T. Morris May 2019

Tidal And Meteorological Influences On The Growth Of Invasive Spartina Alterniflora: Evidence From Uav Remote Sensing, Xudong Zhu, Lingxuan Meng, Yihui Zhang, Qihao Weng, James T. Morris

Faculty Publications

Rapid invasion of Spartina alterniflora into Chinese coastal wetlands has attracted much attention. Many field and remote sensing studies have examined the spatio-temporal dynamics of S. alterniflora invasion; however, spatially explicit quantitative analyses of S. alterniflora invasion and its underlying mechanisms at both patch and landscape scales are seldom reported. To fill this knowledge gap, we integrated multi-temporal unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery, light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-derived elevation data, and tidal and meteorological time series to explore the growth potential (lateral expansion rates and canopy greenness) of S. alterniflora over the intertidal zone in a subtropical coastal wetland (Zhangjiang …

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Non-Canonical Amino Acid Labeling In Proteomics And Biotechnology, Aya M. Saleh, Kristen M. Wilding, Sarah Calve, Bradley Charles Bundy, Tamara L. Kinzer-Ursem May 2019

Non-Canonical Amino Acid Labeling In Proteomics And Biotechnology, Aya M. Saleh, Kristen M. Wilding, Sarah Calve, Bradley Charles Bundy, Tamara L. Kinzer-Ursem

Faculty Publications

Metabolic labeling of proteins with non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) provides unique bioorthogonal chemical groups during de novo synthesis by taking advantage of both endogenous and heterologous protein synthesis machineries. Labeled proteins can then be selectively conjugated to fluorophores, affinity reagents, peptides, polymers, nanoparticles or surfaces for a wide variety of downstream applications in proteomics and biotechnology. In this review, we focus on techniques in which proteins are residue- and site-specifically labeled with ncAAs containing bioorthogonal handles. These ncAA-labeled proteins are: readily enriched from cells and tissues for identification via mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis; selectively purified for downstream biotechnology applications; or …

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Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Formal [2 + 2 + 1] Annulation For The Modular Synthesis Of Tetrahydroindoles And Tetrahydrocyclopenta[ B]Pyrroles, Joshua A. Malone, Courtney E. Toussel, Frank R. Fronczek, Rendy Kartika May 2019

Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Formal [2 + 2 + 1] Annulation For The Modular Synthesis Of Tetrahydroindoles And Tetrahydrocyclopenta[ B]Pyrroles, Joshua A. Malone, Courtney E. Toussel, Frank R. Fronczek, Rendy Kartika

Faculty Publications

© 2019 American Chemical Society. An expedient synthesis of tetrahydroindoles and tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]pyrroles, highlighted by Brønsted acid catalyzed formal [2 + 2 + 1] annulation reaction, is reported. Using three readily accessible reaction components, i.e., an electrophilic species in silyloxyallyl cations and two distinct nucleophiles in silylenol ethers and amines, our chemistry enables the assembly and functionalization of these biologically important N-heterocycles in a highly modular manner.

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