Digital Commons Network^™

Induced Polarization Effects In Airborne Transient Electromagnetic Data Collected In The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Denys Grombacher, Esben Auken, Nikolaj Foged, Thue Bording, Neil Foley, Peter T. Doran, Jill Mikucki, Hilary A. Dugan, Ricardo Garza-Giron, Krista Myers, Ross A. Virginia, Slawek Tulaczyk

Faculty Publications

Airborne electromagnetics (EM) is a geophysical tool well suited to mapping glacial and hydrogeological structures in polar environments. This non-invasive method offers significant spatial coverage without requiring access to the ground surface, enabling the mapping of geological units to hundreds of metres depth over highly varied terrain. This method shows great potential for large-scale surveys in polar environments, as common targets such as permafrost, ice and brine-rich groundwater systems in these settings can be easily differentiated because of their significant contrasts in electrical properties. This potential was highlighted in a 2011 airborne EM survey in the McMurdo Dry Valleys that …

A Baker's Dozen Of Top Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Publications In 2020, Sarah B. Green, Kayla R. Stover, Katie Barber, Jeannette L. Bouchard, Matthew L. Brown, Connor R. Deri, Bailey J. Francis, Timothy P. Gauthier, Jillian E. Hayes, Ashley H. Marx, Edoabasi U. Mcgee, Krutika Mediwala, Rachel J. Musgrove, Douglas Slain, Stefanie A. Stramel, Christopher M. Bland, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

The number of articles related to antimicrobial stewardship published each year has increased significantly over the last decade. Keeping up with the literature, particularly the most innovative, well-designed, or applicable to one's own practice area, can be challenging. The Southeastern Research Group Endeavor (SERGE-45) network reviewed antimicrobial stewardship-related, peer-reviewed literature from 2020 that detailed actionable interventions. The top 13 publications were summarized following identification using a modified Delphi technique. This article highlights the selected interventions and may serve as a key resource for teaching and training, and to identify novel or optimized stewardship opportunities within one's institution.

Multilevel Modeling Of Interval-Contingent Data In Neuropsychology Research Using The Imertest Package In R, Richard S. Pond Jr., Matison W. Mccool, Brian A. Bulla

Faculty Publications

Intensive longitudinal research designs are becoming more common in the field of neuropsychology. They are a powerful approach to studying development and change in naturally occurring phenomena. However, to fully capitalize on the wealth of data yielded by these designs, researchers have to understand the nature of multilevel data structures. The purpose of the present article is to describe some of the basic concepts and techniques involved in modeling multilevel data structures. In addition, this article serves as a step-by-step tutorial to demonstrate how neuropsychologists can implement basic multilevel modeling techniques with real data and the R package, lmerTest. R …

Tick Salivary Gland Extract Induces Alpha-Gal Syndrome In Alpha-Gal Deficient Mice, Shailesh K. Choudhary, Shahid Karim, Onyinye I. Iweala, Shivangi Choudhary, Gary Crispell, Surendra Raj Sharma, Claire T. Addison, Mike Kulis, Brian H. Herrin, Susan E. Little, Scott P. Commins

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is characterized by delayed hypersensitivity to non-primate mammalian meat in people having specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to the oligosaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose. AGS has been linked to tick bites from Amblyomma americanum (Aa) in the U.S. A small animal model of meat allergy is needed to study the mechanism of alpha-gal sensitization, the effector phase leading to delayed allergic responses and potential therapeutics to treat AGS.

Methods: Eight- to ten-weeks old mice with a targeted inactivation of alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (AGKO) were injected intradermally with 50 μg of Aa tick salivary gland extract (TSGE) on days …

A Perspective On Bribes And Bribery, Annetta Gibson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ocean Regime Shift Is Driving Collapse Of The North Atlantic Right Whale Population, Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod, Charles H. Greene, Kimberley T.A. Davies, David G. Johns

Faculty Publications

Ocean warming linked to anthropogenic climate change is impacting the ecology of marine species around the world. In 2010, the Gulf of Maine and Scotian Shelf regions of the Northwest Atlantic underwent an unprecedented regime shift. Forced by climate-driven changes in the Gulf Stream, warm slope waters entered the region and created a less favorable foraging environment for the endangered North Atlantic right whale population. By mid-decade, right whales had shifted their late spring/summer foraging grounds from the Gulf of Maine and the western Scotian Shelf to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The population also began exhibiting unusually high …

Honoring The Mother Of All People; Contemporary Indigenous Leadership In Revitalizing Environmental And Cultural Sustainability, Katharine A. Duderstadt, Alexandra G. Martin, Svetlana Peshkova, Siobhan Senier, Jennifer F. Brewer, Daniel R. Howard

Faculty Publications

This series of events brings Indigenous perspectives from 22 Indigenous speakers across the U.S. and Arctic regions to discussions of sustainable futures within the New Hampshire community. There is growing movement in the academic community to understand how Indigenous knowledge and cultural heritage can deepen our thinking about sustainable futures. While most researchers recognize that anthropogenic climate change and other sustainability challenges require humanistic as well as scientific approaches, many have yet to thoroughly understand the colonial legacies that initiated many of these sustainability problems and continue to impede our study and solutions. The 2020-2021 Sidore Series was designed to …

Bright And Blind Spots Of Water Research In Latin America And The Caribbean, Alyssa J. Devincentis, Hervé Guillon, Romina Díaz Gómez, Noelle K. Patterson, Francine Van Den Brandeler, Srthur Koehl, Pablo Ortiz-Partida, Laura E. Garza-Díaz, Jennifer Gamez-Rodríguez, Erfan Goharian, Samuel Sandoval Solis

Faculty Publications

Water resources management in Latin America and the Caribbean is particularly threatened by climatic, economic, and political pressures. To assess the region's ability to manage water resources, we conducted an unprecedented literature review of over 20 000 multilingual research articles using machine learning and an understanding of the socio-hydrologic landscape. Results reveal that the region's vulnerability to water-related stresses, and drivers such as climate change, is compounded by research blind spots in niche topics (reservoirs and risk assessment) and subregions (Caribbean nations), as well as by its reliance on an individual country (Brazil). A regional bright spot, Brazil, produces well-rounded …

Rgb Indices And Canopy Height Modelling For Mapping Tidal Marsh Biomass From A Small Unmanned Aerial System, Grayson R. Morgan, Cuizhen Wang, James T. Morris

Faculty Publications

Coastal tidal marshes are essential ecosystems for both economic and ecological reasons. They necessitate regular monitoring as the effects of climate change begin to be manifested in changes to marsh vegetation healthiness. Small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) build upon previously established remote sensing techniques to monitor a variety of vegetation health metrics, including biomass, with improved flexibility and affordability of data acquisition. The goal of this study was to establish the use of RGB-based vegetation indices for mapping and monitoring tidal marsh vegetation (i.e., Spartina alterniflora) biomass. Flights over tidal marsh study sites were conducted using a multi-spectral camera on …

Dependence On Humidity And Aerosol Composition Of The Gas-Particle Partitioning Of Weakly And Moderately Polar Vocs, Jeonghyeon Ahn, Guiying Rao, Eric P. Vejerano

Faculty Publications

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dominate the class of pollutants that accumulate in the atmosphere and indoors. Assessing the gas-particle partitioning of VOCs is important to determine their fate, transport, and adverse health impacts. This work is a companion to our earlier study on the temperature dependence of VOC partitioning. Here, we report our measurement of the gas-particle partition coefficient (Kp) for weakly polar (trichloroethylene, TCE) and moderately polar (n-butanol, n-BuOH) VOCs under varying relative humidity (RH) levels onto organic and inorganic aerosols. Kp of TCE was four to five orders of magnitude lower than those …

Sars-Cov-2 Impairs Dendritic Cells And Regulates Dc-Sign Gene Expression In Tissues, Guoshuai Cai, Mulong Du, Yohan Bossé, Helmut Albrecht, Fei Qin, Xizhi Luo, Xiao Michelle Androulakis, Chao Cheng, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, David C. Christiani, Michael L. Whitfield, Christopher I. Amos, Feifei Xiao

Faculty Publications

The current spreading coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is highly infectious and pathogenic. In this study, we screened the gene expression of three host receptors (ACE2, DC-SIGN and L-SIGN) of SARS coronaviruses and dendritic cells (DCs) status in bulk and single cell transcriptomic datasets of upper airway, lung or blood of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. In COVID-19 patients, DC-SIGN gene expression was interestingly decreased in lung DCs but increased in blood DCs. Within DCs, conventional DCs (cDCs) were depleted while plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) were augmented in the lungs of mild COVID-19. In severe cases, we identified augmented types of immature DCs (CD22+ …

Microbial Activity Responses To Water Stress In Agricultural Soils From Simple And Complex Crop Rotations, Jorg Schnecker, D. Boone Meeden, Francisco Calderon, Michel Cavigelli, R. Michael Lehman, Lisa K. Tiemann, A. Stuart Grandy

Faculty Publications

Increasing climatic pressures such as drought and flooding challenge agricultural systems and their management globally. How agricultural soils respond to soil water extremes will influence biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in these systems. We investigated the response of soils from long-term agricultural field sites under varying crop rotational complexity to either drought or flooding stress. Focusing on these contrasting stressors separately, we investigated soil heterotrophic respiration during single and repeated stress cycles in soils from four different sites along a precipitation gradient (Colorado, MAP 421 mm; South Dakota, MAP 580 mm; Michigan, MAP 893 mm; Maryland, MAP 1192 mm); …

Spin Reorientation In Antiferromagnetic Layered Fept5p, Xin Gui, Madalynn Marshall, Ranuri S. Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage, Ryan A. Klein, Qiang Chen, Qiang Zhang, William Shelton, Haidong Zhou, Craig M. Brown, Huibo Cao, Martha Greenblatt, Weiwei Xie

Faculty Publications

FePt5P, a substitutional variant of the anti-CeCoIn5 structure type in the space group P4/mmm, was synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state method and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. FePt5P contains layers of FePt12 clusters formed by magnetically active Fe and heavy Pt with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC); the layers are separated by P atoms. The various Fe-Pt distances in FePt12 clusters generate complex magnetic orders in FePt5P. According to temperature-dependent magnetic and specific heat measurements, FePt5P shows a stripe-type antiferromagnetic order at TN ≈ 90 K, which is also confirmed by resistivity measurements. Moreover, a spin reorientation occurs at ∼74 and …

Suicide Attempts In Us Veterans With Chronic Headache Disorders: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study, X. Michelle Androulakis, Siyuan Guo, Jiajia Zhang Ph.D., Jason Sico, Peter Warren, Alec Giakas, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., B Lee Peterlin, Roy Mathew, Deborah Reyes

Faculty Publications

Objectives: A large-scale retrospective analysis of veterans with chronic pain was con-ducted to examine (1) the annual incidence of suicide attempts (SA) in veterans with chronic headache and other chronic pain conditions, and (2) the risk of SA in men and women with chronic headache and chronic headache concurrent with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as compared to non-headache chronic pain.

Methods: This retrospective study (N=3,247,621) analyzed National Veterans Affair Health Administrative data of patients diagnosed with chronic head, neck, back and other chronic pain from 2000 to 2010. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to explore the relative risks of SA …

Drivers Of Food Choice Among Children And Caregivers In Post-Earthquake Nepal, Pepijn Schreinemachers, Rachana Manadhar Sherestha, Bishal Gole, Dhruba Raj Bhattarai, Puspa Lal Ghimire, Bhishm P. Subedi, Tilman Brück, Ghassan Baliki, Ishwori P. Gautam, Christine E. Blake

Faculty Publications

Food systems in many countries are experiencing a shift from traditional foods toward processed foods high in sugar, fat and salt, but low in dietary fiber and micronutrients. There is an urgent need to better understand drivers of changing food behavior, particularly for lower-income countries. This study analyzes drivers of food choice among children and parents in rural Nepal. It uses qualitative data collected through key informant interviews and focus group discussions with school children, parents and teachers. The study reveals substantial changes in food behavior during the past decade with increased consumption of rice, meat, and highly processed snack …

Encirclement Of Moving Targets Using Noisy Range And Bearing Measurements, Cammy Peterson, Puneet Jain, Randal Beard

Faculty Publications

This paper presents theoretically justified controllers that use relative range and bearing measurements to steer a team of autonomous vehicles, operating without inertial position information, to circular trajectories around a constant-acceleration, constant-velocity, or stationary target. An extended Kalman filter is used to improve the noisy relative measurements and estimate the velocity of the moving target. These estimated values are used in the control laws to encircle constant-velocity moving targets. Lyapunov techniques are utilized to show that the vehicle will converge to the desired circular formations. Additionally, cooperating vehicles are shown to converge to a circular formation with equal temporal spacing …

Sex-Specific Spatial Use Of The Winter Foraging Areas By Magellanic Penguins And Assessment Of Potential Conflicts With Fisheries During Winter Dispersal, Samanta Dodino, Vitor Hugo Rodrigues Paiva, Nicolás A. Lois, Luciana Riccialdelli, Michael J. Polito, Klemens Pütz, Andrea Raya Rey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Systematic Review Of Datasets That Can Help Elucidate Relationships Among Gene Expression, Race, And Immunohistochemistry-Defined Subtypes In Breast Cancer., Ifeanyichukwu O. Nwosu, Stephen Piccolo

Faculty Publications

Scholarly requirements have led to a massive increase of transcriptomic data in the public domain, with millions of samples available for secondary research. We identified gene-expression datasets representing 10,214 breast-cancer patients in public databases. We focused on datasets that included patient metadata on race and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) profiling of the ER, PR, and HER-2 proteins. This review provides a summary of these datasets and describes findings from 32 research articles associated with the datasets. These studies have helped to elucidate relationships between IHC, race, and/or treatment options, as well as relationships between IHC status and the breast-cancer intrinsic subtypes. We …

Covid-19 Influences On Us Recreational Angler Behavior, Stephen R. Midway, Fraser Andrew Januchowski-Hartley, Abigail J. Lynch, Brandon K. Peoples, Michael Dance, Rex Caffey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cortical Microstructural Changes Associated With Treated Aphasia Recovery, Allen J. Chang, Janina Wilmonskoetter, Julius Fridriksson, Emilie R. Mckinnon, Lorelei P. Johnson, Alexandra Basilakos, Jens H. Jensen, Chris Rorden, Leonardo Bonilha

Faculty Publications

Objectives

To investigate the hypothesis that language recovery in post-stroke aphasia is associated with structural brain changes.

Methods

We evaluated whether treatment-induced improvement in naming is associated with reorganization of tissue microstructure within residual cortical regions. To this end, we performed a retrospective longitudinal treatment study using comprehensive language-linguistic assessments and diffusion MRI sequences optimized for the assessment of complex microstructure (diffusional kurtosis imaging) to evaluate the relationship between language treatment response and cortical changes in 26 individuals with chronic stroke-induced aphasia. We employed elastic net statistical models controlling for baseline factors including age, sex, and time since the stroke, …

Assessment Of Risks To Listed Species From The Use Of Atrazine In The Usa: A Perspective, Philip N. Smith, Kevin L. Armbrust, Richard A. Brain, Wenlin Chen, Nika Galic, Lula Ghebremichael, Jeffrey M. Giddings, Mark L. Hanson, Jonathan Maul, Glen Van Der Kraak, Keith R. Solomon

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Heteroacene-Based Amphiphile As A Molecular Scaffold For Bioimaging Probes, Tharindu A. Ranathunge, Mahesh Loku Yaddehige, Jordan H. Varma, Cameron Smith, Jay Nguyen, Iyanuoluwani Owolabi, Wojciech Kolodziejczyk, Nathan I. Hammer, Glake Hill, Alex Flynt, Davita L. Watkins

Faculty Publications

The challenges faced with current fluorescence imaging agents have motivated us to study two nanostructures based on a hydrophobic dye, 6H-pyrrolo[3,2-b:4,5-b’]bis [1,4]benzothiazine (TRPZ). TRPZ is a heteroacene with a rigid, pi-conjugated structure, multiple reactive sites, and unique spectroscopic properties. Here we coupled TRPZ to a tert-butyl carbamate (BOC) protected 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (bisMPA) dendron via azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition. Deprotection of the protected amine groups on the dendron afforded a cationic terminated amphiphile, TRPZ-bisMPA. TRPZ-bisMPA was nanoprecipitated into water to obtain nanoparticles (NPs) with a hydrodynamic radius that was TRPZ-PG was encapsulated in pluronic-F127 (Mw …

Ion-Dependent Dna Configuration In Bacteriophage Capsids, Pei Liu, Javier Arsuaga, M. Carme Calderer, Dmitry Golovaty, Mariel Vazquez, Shawn Walker

Faculty Publications

Bacteriophages densely pack their long double-stranded DNA genome inside a protein capsid. The conformation of the viral genome inside the capsid is consistent with a hexagonal liquid crystalline structure. Experiments have confirmed that the details of the hexagonal packing depend on the electrochemistry of the capsid and its environment. In this work, we propose a biophysical model that quantifies the relationship between DNA configurations inside bacteriophage capsids and the types and concentrations of ions present in a biological system. We introduce an expression for the free energy that combines the electrostatic energy with contributions from bending of individual segments of …

Electrochemical Micro-Aptasensors For Exosome Detection Based On Hybridization Chain Reaction Amplification, Wenfen Zhang, Zhenhua Tian, Shujie Yang, Joseph Rich, Shuaiguo Zhao, Mikael Klingeborn, Po-Hsun Huang, Zhishang Li, Alexander Stout, Quinn Murphy, Edward Patz, Shusheng Zhang, Guozhen Liu, Tony Jun Huang

Faculty Publications

Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that have recently gained popularity as potential biomarkers in liquid biopsies due to the large amounts of molecular cargo they carry, such as nucleic acids and proteins. However, most existing exosome-based analytical sensing methods struggle to achieve high sensitivity and high selectivity simultaneously. In this work, we present an electrochemical micro-aptasensor for the highly sensitive detection of exosomes by integrating a micropatterned electrochemical aptasensor and a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) signal amplification method. Specifically, exosomes are enriched on CD63 aptamer-functionalized electrodes and then recognized by HCR products with avidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) attached using EpCAM aptamers as …

Thunderstorms Producing Sferic-Geolocated Gamma-Ray Flashes Detected By Tetra-Ii, Deirdre Smith, Jill Trepanier, Samer T. Alnussirat, Michael L. Cherry, Marc D. Legault, Donald J. Pleshinger

Faculty Publications

The terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF) and Energetic Thunderstorm Rooftop Array (TETRA-II) detected 22 X-ray/gamma-ray flash events associated with lightning between October 2015 and March 2019 across three ground-based detector locations in subtropical and tropical climates in Louisiana, Puerto Rico, and Panama. Each detector array consists of a set of bismuth germanate scintillators that record X-ray and gamma-ray bursts over the energy range 50 keV–6 MeV (million electron volts). TETRA-II events have characteristics similar to both X-ray bursts associated with lightning leaders and TGFs: sub-millisecond duration, photons up to MeV energies, and association with nearby lightning (typically within 3 km). About …

Seed Treatment With Jasmonic Acid And Methyl Jasmonate Induces Resistance To Insects But Reduces Plant Growth And Yield In Rice, Oryza Sativa, Santhi Bhavanam, Michael Stout

Faculty Publications

When applied exogenously to plants, jasmonates [i.e., jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)] increase plant resistance against herbivores, and their use in pest management has been suggested. For integration into pest management programs, the benefits of the resistance induced by jasmonates must outweigh the costs of jasmonates on plant growth and yield. A previous field study in rice found that seed treatment with MeJA reduced densities of the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, but also reduced plant growth. Yields from MeJA plots were similar to yields from control plots. Because this study was conducted under field conditions with natural …

Daily Energy Expenditure Through The Human Life Course, Herman Pontzer, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issaad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marjije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas

Faculty Publications

Total daily energy expenditure (“total expenditure”) reflects daily energy needs and is a critical variable in human health and physiology, but its trajectory over the life course is poorly studied. We analyzed a large, diverse database of total expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method for males and females aged 8 days to 95 years. Total expenditure increased with fat-free mass in a power-law manner, with four distinct life stages. Fat-free mass-adjusted expenditure accelerates rapidly in neonates to ~50% above adult values at ~1 year; declines slowly to adult levels by ~20 years; remains stable in adulthood (20 to …

Cocrfeni High-Entropy Alloy As An Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Catalyst In An Acidic Solution, Frank Mckay, Yuxin Fang, Orhan Kizilkaya, Prashant Singh, Duane D. Johnson, Amitava Roy, David P. Young, Phillip T. Sprunger, John C. Flake, William A. Shelton, Ye Xu

Faculty Publications

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have intriguing material properties, but their potential as catalysts has not been widely explored. Based on a concise theoretical model, we predict that the surface of a quaternary HEA of base metals, CoCrFeNi, should go from being nearly fully oxidized except for pure Ni sites when exposed to O2 to being partially oxidized in an acidic solution under cathodic bias, and that such a partially oxidized surface should be more active for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic solutions than all the component metals. These predictions are confirmed by electrochemical and surface science experiments: the …

Independent Contributions Of Structural And Functional Connectivity: Evidence From A Stroke Model, Lynsey M. Keator, Grigori Yourganov, Alexandra Basilakos, Argye E. Hillis, Gregory Hickok, Leonardo Bonilha, Chris Rorden, Julius Fridriksson

Faculty Publications

Altered functional connectivity is related to severity of language impairment in poststroke aphasia. However, it is not clear whether this finding specifically reflects loss of functional coherence, or more generally, is related to decreased structural connectivity due to cortical necrosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate this issue by factoring out structural connectivity from functional connectivity measures and then relating the residual data to language performance poststroke. Ninety-seven participants with a history of stroke were assessed using language impairment measures (Auditory Verbal Comprehension and Spontaneous Speech scores from the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised) and MRI (structural, diffusion tensor …

Local Translation Across Neural Development: A Focus On Radial Glial Cells, Axons, And Synaptogenesis, Manasu Agrawal, Kristy Welshhans

Faculty Publications

In the past two decades, significant progress has been made in our understanding of mRNA localization and translation at distal sites in axons and dendrites. The existing literature shows that local translation is regulated in a temporally and spatially restricted manner and is critical throughout embryonic and post-embryonic life. Here, recent key findings about mRNA localization and local translation across the various stages of neural development, including neurogenesis, axon development, and synaptogenesis, are reviewed. In the early stages of development, mRNAs are localized and locally translated in the endfeet of radial glial cells, but much is still unexplored about their …