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Gene-Educational Attainment Interactions In A Multi-Population Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identify Novel Lipid Loci, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Karen L. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolčić, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman Jan 2023

Gene-Educational Attainment Interactions In A Multi-Population Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identify Novel Lipid Loci, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Karen L. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolčić, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Educational attainment, widely used in epidemiologic studies as a surrogate for socioeconomic status, is a predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes. Methods: A two-stage genome-wide meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels was performed while accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions in up to 226,315 individuals from five population groups. We considered two educational attainment variables: “Some College” (yes/no, for any education beyond high school) and “Graduated College” (yes/no, for completing a 4-year college degree). Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) and suggestive (p < 1 × 10−6) variants were identified in Stage 1 (in up to 108,784 individuals) through genome-wide analysis, and those variants were followed up in Stage 2 studies (in up to 117,531 individuals). Results: In combined analysis of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 18 novel lipid loci (nine for LDL, seven for HDL, and two for TG) by two degree-of-freedom (2 DF) joint tests of main and interaction effects. Four loci showed significant interaction with educational attainment. Two loci were significant only in cross-population analyses. Several loci include genes with known or suggested roles in adipose (FOXP1, MBOAT4, SKP2, STIM1, STX4), brain (BRI3, FILIP1, FOXP1, LINC00290, LMTK2, MBOAT4, MYO6, SENP6, SRGAP3, STIM1, TMEM167A, TMEM30A), and liver (BRI3, FOXP1) biology, highlighting the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in the regulation of lipid metabolism. An investigation of the potential druggability of genes in identified loci resulted in five gene targets shown to interact with drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including genes with roles in adipose and brain tissue. Discussion: Genome-wide interaction analysis of educational attainment identified novel lipid loci not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects.

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Biochemical Alterations In The Follicular Fluid Of Bovine Peri-Ovulatory Follicles And Their Association With Final Oocyte Maturation, Noof Abdulrahman Alrabiah, Constantine A. Simintiras, Alexander C.O. Evans, Patrick Lonergan, Trudee Fair Jan 2023

Biochemical Alterations In The Follicular Fluid Of Bovine Peri-Ovulatory Follicles And Their Association With Final Oocyte Maturation, Noof Abdulrahman Alrabiah, Constantine A. Simintiras, Alexander C.O. Evans, Patrick Lonergan, Trudee Fair

Faculty Publications

Follicular fluid (FF), a product of vascular transudate and granulosa and thecal cell secretions, is the milieu that has evolved to support oocyte growth and maturation which plays a central role in oocyte quality determination. Therefore, a suboptimal FF composition may be reflected in compromised oocyte progression through maturation, fertilization, or embryo development. To date, the composition of bovine FF remains understudied. To address this, we comprehensively characterized the metabolomic constituency of bovine FF in the period during which the oocyte undergoes meiotic maturation. More specifically, FF from pre (-24 h) and peri (-2 h)-ovulatory follicles was profiled by high-throughput …

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Evidence For The Efficacy Of Pre-Harvest Agricultural Practices In Mitigating Food-Safety Risks To Fresh Produce In North America, Naresh Devarajan, Daniel L. Weller, Matthew Jones, Aiko D. Adell, Achyut Adhikari, Ana Allende, Nicole L. Arnold, Patrick Baur, Sarah M. Beno, Donna Clements, Elissa M. Olimpi, Faith Critzer, Hyatt Green, Lisa Gorski, Angela Ferelli Gruber, Jasna Kovac, Jeffery Mcgarvey, Claire M. Murphy, Sarah I. Murphy, Nora Navarro-Gonzalez, Jeb P. Owen, Alda F.A. Pires, Nicole Richard, Sandipan Samaddar, Radomir Schmidt, Kate Scow, Nikki W. Shariat, Olivia M. Smith, Austin R. Spence, Don Stoeckel, Thao D.H. Tran, Gretchen Wall, Daniel S. Karp Jan 2023

Evidence For The Efficacy Of Pre-Harvest Agricultural Practices In Mitigating Food-Safety Risks To Fresh Produce In North America, Naresh Devarajan, Daniel L. Weller, Matthew Jones, Aiko D. Adell, Achyut Adhikari, Ana Allende, Nicole L. Arnold, Patrick Baur, Sarah M. Beno, Donna Clements, Elissa M. Olimpi, Faith Critzer, Hyatt Green, Lisa Gorski, Angela Ferelli Gruber, Jasna Kovac, Jeffery Mcgarvey, Claire M. Murphy, Sarah I. Murphy, Nora Navarro-Gonzalez, Jeb P. Owen, Alda F.A. Pires, Nicole Richard, Sandipan Samaddar, Radomir Schmidt, Kate Scow, Nikki W. Shariat, Olivia M. Smith, Austin R. Spence, Don Stoeckel, Thao D.H. Tran, Gretchen Wall, Daniel S. Karp

Faculty Publications

Consumption of contaminated produce remains a leading cause of foodborne illness. Increasingly, growers are altering agricultural practices and farm environments to manage food-safety hazards, but these changes often result in substantial economic, social, and environmental costs. Here, we present a comprehensive evidence synthesis evaluating the efficacy of soil, non-crop vegetation, animal, landscape, and irrigation water management strategies aimed at reducing produce-safety risk in North America. We systematically summarized findings from 78 peer-reviewed papers on the effect of 21 management practices on the prevalence, abundance, or survival of four foodborne pathogens (i.e., E. coli, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., and Campylobacter spp.), …

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Optimization Of Lycopene Extraction From Tomato Pomace And Effect Of Extract On Oxidative Stability Of Peanut Oil, Dinh Thi Tran, Lan Thi Hoang Nguyen, Cuong Ngoc Nguyen, Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog, Bart Nicolaï, David Picha Jan 2023

Optimization Of Lycopene Extraction From Tomato Pomace And Effect Of Extract On Oxidative Stability Of Peanut Oil, Dinh Thi Tran, Lan Thi Hoang Nguyen, Cuong Ngoc Nguyen, Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog, Bart Nicolaï, David Picha

Faculty Publications

Lycopene, the pigment principally responsible for the red colour of tomatoes, is well-known for its strong antioxidant property and substantial health benefits. In this study, the optimal combination of factors for lycopene extraction from tomato pomace was identified using response surface methodology. The best practically feasible results maximising both lycopene yield and antioxidant activity of the extract were obtained by applying a ratio of ethyl acetate to tomato waste of 35:1 (v/w), at a temperature of 55°C for 100 min of extraction. The extract was then added to the peanut oil to evaluate its oxidative stability during 60 days of …

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Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Of Qtl And Gene Expression Studies Identify Candidate Genes Associated With Aspergillus Flavus Resistance In Maize, Niranjan Baisakh, Eduardo A. Da Silva, Anjan K. Pradhan, Kanniah Rajasekaran Jan 2023

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Of Qtl And Gene Expression Studies Identify Candidate Genes Associated With Aspergillus Flavus Resistance In Maize, Niranjan Baisakh, Eduardo A. Da Silva, Anjan K. Pradhan, Kanniah Rajasekaran

Faculty Publications

Aflatoxin (AF) contamination, caused by Aspergillus flavus, compromises the food safety and marketability of commodities, such as maize, cotton, peanuts, and tree nuts. Multigenic inheritance of AF resistance impedes conventional introgression of resistance traits into high-yielding commercial maize varieties. Several AF resistance-associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and markers have been reported from multiple biparental mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in maize. However, QTLs with large confidence intervals (CI) explaining inconsistent phenotypic variance limit their use in marker-assisted selection. Meta-analysis of published QTLs can identify significant meta-QTLs (MQTLs) with a narrower CI for reliable identification of genes and linked markers …

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The Inheritance Of Energy And The Evolution Of Unsustainability, Brian Snyder Jan 2023

The Inheritance Of Energy And The Evolution Of Unsustainability, Brian Snyder

Faculty Publications

Across contemporary and historical human groups, there is variation in how cultures interact with the environment and this variation is inherited through culture. Some human-environment relationships maximize group fitness relative to other relationships. Thus, there is heritable, fitness-associated variation in human-environment interactions and so human-environment interactions may be understood to be an evolved trait. However, one fitness-maximizing human-environment relationship could be unsustainable resource extraction. Anthroecological theory proposes that human cultures and genotypes have been selected for unsustainability, although several mechanisms have been proposed for how this selection may have worked. Here, I extend anthroecological theory and argue that energy inheritances …

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Going With The Flow: The Supply And Demand Of Sediment Retention Ecosystem Services For The Reservoirs In Puerto Rico, R. De Jesus Crespo, M. Valladares-Castellanos, Volodymyr V. Mihunov, T. H. Douthat Jan 2023

Going With The Flow: The Supply And Demand Of Sediment Retention Ecosystem Services For The Reservoirs In Puerto Rico, R. De Jesus Crespo, M. Valladares-Castellanos, Volodymyr V. Mihunov, T. H. Douthat

Faculty Publications

Impounding surface waters in reservoirs is a major mechanism for providing water for human consumption, including potable water, hydroelectric power, and industrial uses. Building reservoirs incurs environmental and social costs, and therefore safeguarding their effectiveness and longevity is a concern of clear public interest. One factor that affects the longevity of reservoirs is sedimentation, a process exacerbated by land use conversion in upstream watershed areas. Despite the economic importance of preventing sedimentation in existing reservoirs, few consumers are aware of the natural features that provide sediment retention services and the relevance of their conservation in their daily lives. Moreover, managing …

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Charting The Course To Advance Dei In The Ocean Sciences A Case Study, Christopher F. D’Elia, Katherine Falls, Sibel Bargu, Linda Hooper-Bùi Jan 2023

Charting The Course To Advance Dei In The Ocean Sciences A Case Study, Christopher F. D’Elia, Katherine Falls, Sibel Bargu, Linda Hooper-Bùi

Faculty Publications

The Louisiana State University College of the Coast & Environment (LSU CC&E) developed a multi-faceted strategic initiative to increase its diversity, equity, and inclusion. Elements of this initiative began one-by-one over the last decade and were aggregated into a comprehensive implementation plan—the 2020 CC&E Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Action Plan. Based on best practices in the “physical sciences” (i.e., geosciences, including oceanography), the plan aims to augment recruitment and retention using limited resources and personnel. The long-range goal is to increase the number of PhD graduates from underrepresented groups by employing strategies that start at the 6–12th grade level. The …

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The Link Between Marine Thermal Discharges And Nemopilema Nomurai Blooms Around Nuclear Power Plants, Jiawei Wu, Jie Kong, Edward A. Laws, Xin Liu, Changyun Wang, Jixin Chen, Mianrun Chen, Qingzhen Yao, Yantao Wang, Yu Zhen, Chaolun Li, Bangqin Huang Jan 2023

The Link Between Marine Thermal Discharges And Nemopilema Nomurai Blooms Around Nuclear Power Plants, Jiawei Wu, Jie Kong, Edward A. Laws, Xin Liu, Changyun Wang, Jixin Chen, Mianrun Chen, Qingzhen Yao, Yantao Wang, Yu Zhen, Chaolun Li, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Recent research has shown that jellyfish blooms occur more frequently near nuclear power plants (NPPs), and a relationship between thermal discharges from the NPPs and the blooms has been hypothesized. There is, however, no direct evidence that links the thermal discharges with jellyfish blooms. In this study, we conducted 3 cruises (pre-bloom, bloom, and post-bloom) during July to September 2017 in the area surrounding the largest NPP in northern China. The water temperature near the cooling water outfall rose by 2 °C. Although we found no significant impact on phytoplankton abundance or community composition near the outfall, a broader analysis …

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The Dose-Response Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Inflammation In Colon Cancer Survivors, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L.E. Compton, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Guillaume Spielmann, Shengping Yang Jan 2023

The Dose-Response Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Inflammation In Colon Cancer Survivors, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L.E. Compton, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Guillaume Spielmann, Shengping Yang

Faculty Publications

Background: Physical activity after surgical resection for colon cancer is associated with significantly longer disease-free survival. Inflammation is hypothesized to mediate the association between physical activity and disease-free survival in colon cancer. Methods: In this exploratory analysis of a randomized dose-response trial, 39 colon cancer survivors who completed standard therapy were stratified by cancer stage and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three treatment groups for 24 weeks of usual-care control, 150 min/wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (low-dose), or 300 min/wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (high-dose). Inflammation outcomes included high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL6), and soluble tumor …

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Phylogenomics Of Trans-Andean Tetras Of The Genus Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 (Stethaprioninae: Characidae) And Colonization Patterns Of Middle America, Diego J. Elías, Caleb D. Mcmahan, Fernando Alda, Carlos García-Alzate, Pamela B. Hart, Prosanta Chakrabarty Jan 2023

Phylogenomics Of Trans-Andean Tetras Of The Genus Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 (Stethaprioninae: Characidae) And Colonization Patterns Of Middle America, Diego J. Elías, Caleb D. Mcmahan, Fernando Alda, Carlos García-Alzate, Pamela B. Hart, Prosanta Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

Hyphessobrycon is one of the most species rich and widely distributed genera in the family Characidae, with more than 160 species ranging from Veracruz, Mexico to Mar Chiquita Lagoon in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The majority of Hyphessobrycon diversity shows a cis- Andean distribution; only nine species are trans-Andean including H. compressus (Meek 1908). It is well established that Hyphessobrycon is not monophyletic but it has been suggested that natural groups can be identified within the larger Hyphessobrycon species group. In this study, we tested the monophyly of trans-Andean species of Hyphessobrycon and investigated the placement of H. compressus. We inferred …

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Special Issue In Honor Of Dr. Alfred L. Gardner, Jacob A. Esselstyn, Giovani Hernández-Canchola Jan 2023

Special Issue In Honor Of Dr. Alfred L. Gardner, Jacob A. Esselstyn, Giovani Hernández-Canchola

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Editorial: Innovative Approaches To Coral Reef Science By Early Career Researchers, David A. Paz-García, Eric J. Armstrong, Iva Popovic, Raúl A. González-Pech, Michael E. Hellberg Jan 2023

Editorial: Innovative Approaches To Coral Reef Science By Early Career Researchers, David A. Paz-García, Eric J. Armstrong, Iva Popovic, Raúl A. González-Pech, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Estradiol And Predator Cues On Behavior And Brain Responses Of Captive Female House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Melanie G. Kimball, Courtney T. Harding, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Keegan R. Stansberry, Tosha R. Kelly, Christine R. Lattin Jan 2023

Effect Of Estradiol And Predator Cues On Behavior And Brain Responses Of Captive Female House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Melanie G. Kimball, Courtney T. Harding, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Keegan R. Stansberry, Tosha R. Kelly, Christine R. Lattin

Faculty Publications

The presence of predators can cause major changes in animal behavior, but how this interacts with hormonal state and brain activity is poorly understood. We gave female house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in post-molt condition an estradiol (n = 17) or empty implant (n = 16) for 1 week. Four weeks after implant removal, a time when female sparrows show large differences in neuronal activity to conspecific vs. heterospecific song, we exposed birds to either 30 min of conspecific song or predator calls, and video recorded their behavior. Females were then euthanized, and we examined neuronal activity using the expression of …

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The Use Of Single-Cell Sequencing To Reveal Stem/Progenitor Cells In Animal Organ Regeneration, Suxiang Lu, Igor Schneider, Honghui Zeng, Shunping He Jan 2023

The Use Of Single-Cell Sequencing To Reveal Stem/Progenitor Cells In Animal Organ Regeneration, Suxiang Lu, Igor Schneider, Honghui Zeng, Shunping He

Faculty Publications

Advances in single-cell sequencing technologies have made it possible to reveal the cellular basis of complex organ regeneration processes. In this review, we briefly introduce commonly used high-throughput single-cell sequencing platforms and their characteristics. We discuss in depth how single-cell sequencing techniques can be used in the study of regeneration to reveal stem/progenitor cell types and their developmental trajectories. From the perspective of stem cells, we review animal models of regenerative biology and organ models involved in regenerative medicine, with a focus on limb/fin/digit-tip regeneration. Finally, we discuss previous prospective work on improving systematic approaches to explore the origin and …

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Genotypic Variation Of Adaptive And Yield Component Traits Of Introduced Grain Oats (Avena Sativa L.) Grown In Bangladesh, Md Nashir Uddin, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ummea Khairun Fatema, S. M.Mostafa Kamal Khan Jan 2023

Genotypic Variation Of Adaptive And Yield Component Traits Of Introduced Grain Oats (Avena Sativa L.) Grown In Bangladesh, Md Nashir Uddin, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ummea Khairun Fatema, S. M.Mostafa Kamal Khan

Faculty Publications

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is considered a nutritious cereal. Its demand has surged across the globe steadily for half a decade, including in Bangladesh. Because there is no local variety, the current supply in Bangladesh solely relies on imports. This study aimed to introduce grain oats from the United States of America (U.S.A.) to Bangladesh and determine the extent of their adaptability and yield in this new environment. One hundred oat accessions were introduced in collaboration between North South University, Bangladesh and the University of Florida, U.S.A. They were evaluated in field conditions from November 2019 to April 2020 in …

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Germplasm The Key Factor For Development Of Oat Cultivars Urs Olada And Urs Poente, Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco, Stephen Harrison, Luiz Carlos Federizzi Jan 2023

Germplasm The Key Factor For Development Of Oat Cultivars Urs Olada And Urs Poente, Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco, Stephen Harrison, Luiz Carlos Federizzi

Faculty Publications

Cultivars URS OLADA and URS POENTE, with superior agronomic performance were bred by the Oat Breeding Program of UFRGS. These cultivars were developed using germplasm from the Quaker Oat International Nursery, a long-term collaborative program of open exchange of oats superior germplasm among breeders in a global scale.

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Classification Of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Inoculation Status And Prediction Of Growth-Related Traits In Tropical Maize Using Hyperspectral Image And Genomic Data, Rafael Massahiro Yassue, Giovanni Galli, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Gota Morota Jan 2023

Classification Of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Inoculation Status And Prediction Of Growth-Related Traits In Tropical Maize Using Hyperspectral Image And Genomic Data, Rafael Massahiro Yassue, Giovanni Galli, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Gota Morota

Faculty Publications

Recent technological advances in high-throughput phenotyping have created new opportunities for the prediction of complex traits. In particular, phenomic prediction using hyperspectral reflectance could capture various signals that affect phenotypes genomic prediction might not explain. A total of 360 inbred maize (Zea mays L.) lines with or without plant growth-promoting bacterial inoculation management under nitrogen stress were evaluated using 150 spectral wavelengths ranging from 386 to 1,021 nm and 13,826 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Six prediction models were explored to assess the predictive ability of hyperspectral and genomic data for inoculation status and plant growth-related traits. The best models for hyperspectral prediction …

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Gender Violence As A Penalty Of Poverty, Deborah M. Weissman Jan 2023

Gender Violence As A Penalty Of Poverty, Deborah M. Weissman

Faculty Publications

The matter of gender violence, including intimate partner violence (IPV), has long been categorized as a particularly egregious crime. The consequences of IPV are profound and affect all members of the household, family members near and far, and the communities where they live. Gender violence impacts the national economy. Costs accrue to workplaces, health care institutions, and encumber local and state coffers. Survivors are deprived of income, property, and economic stability: conditions that often endure beyond periods of physical injuries. Offenders also experience economic hardship as a result of involvement with the legal system. They often face significant obstacles when …

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The Real Problem With Plea Bargaining, Carissa Byrne Hessick Jan 2023

The Real Problem With Plea Bargaining, Carissa Byrne Hessick

Faculty Publications

This Response critiques Jeffrey Bellin’s argument that plea‑bargaining reform should focus solely on problems uniquely caused by plea bargaining and instead contends that the practice has fundamentally reshaped American criminal justice in ways that extend far beyond Bellin’s narrow framework. The Response argues that plea bargaining exacerbates systemic issues—including harsh sentencing, coercive leverage, and inaccurate convictions—by insulating legislative excess, weakening trial incentives, and pressuring even innocent defendants to plead guilty. It further maintains that Bellin understates how plea bargaining distorts legislative behavior, affects statutory design, and suppresses political pressure for reform. Most importantly, the Response identifies plea bargaining’s central harm …

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Multibillion-Dollar Tax Questions, James Alm, Jay A. Soled, Kathleen Delaney Thomas Jan 2023

Multibillion-Dollar Tax Questions, James Alm, Jay A. Soled, Kathleen Delaney Thomas

Faculty Publications

Tax compliance in the United States historically hovers in the 80 percent range, costing the nation approximately half a trillion dollars annually in uncollected tax revenue. To foster greater tax compliance, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) should employ whatever tools are at its disposal. Standard deterrence theory argues that increasing the audit rate and imposing stiffer penalties would foster greater tax compliance. There are political headwinds, however, that strongly suggest that these approaches are not currently viable. Instead, there is a low-cost method that could yield greater tax compliance. Drawing on recent and compelling social science research, the IRS should …

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Physicians Spreading Medical Misinformation: The Uneasy Case For Regulation, Richard S. Saver Jan 2023

Physicians Spreading Medical Misinformation: The Uneasy Case For Regulation, Richard S. Saver

Faculty Publications

Physicians have played a surprisingly prominent role in the current “infodemic” of false and misleading medical claims. Yet, state medical boards, the governmental agencies responsible for professional licensure and oversight, have sanctioned remarkably few physicians. Pushing back against the widespread criticism of medical boards for insufficient action, this Article questions the overall suitability of licensure regulation to police medical misinformation. First, uncertainty exists about medical boards’ jurisdiction and legal authority. Many misinformation claims have involved physicians communicating publicly, not while treating patients. Given the primarily patient-centered legal and ethical frameworks governing the practice of medicine, serious challenges arise in making …

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Maternal Restricted- And Over- Feeding During Gestation Perturb Offspring Sperm Epigenome In Sheep, Linkai Zhu, Nicole Tillquist, Giovanna Scatolin, Rachael Gately, Mia Kawaida, Amanda Reiter, Sarah Reed, Steven Zinn, Kristen Govoni, Zongliang Jiang Jan 2023

Maternal Restricted- And Over- Feeding During Gestation Perturb Offspring Sperm Epigenome In Sheep, Linkai Zhu, Nicole Tillquist, Giovanna Scatolin, Rachael Gately, Mia Kawaida, Amanda Reiter, Sarah Reed, Steven Zinn, Kristen Govoni, Zongliang Jiang

Faculty Publications

In brief: Inadequate maternal nutrition during gestation can have immediate and lifelong effects on offspring. This study shows that maternal restricted - and over- nutrition during gestation do not affect semen characteristics in F1 male offspring but alters offspring sperm sncRNA profiles and DNA methylome in sheep. Abstract: There is a growing body of evidence that inadequate maternal nutrition during gestation can have immediate and lifelong effects on offspring. However, little is known about the effects of maternal nutrition during gestation on male offspring reproduction. Here, using a sheep model of maternal restricted - and over - nutrition (60 or …

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The Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (Hsv-1) Vaccine Strain Vc2 Causes Intratumor Infiltration Of Functionally Active T Cells And Inhibition Of Tumor Metastasis And Pro-Tumor Genes Vegf And Pdl1 Expression In The 4t1/Balb/C Mouse Model Of Stage Four Breast Cancer, Rafiq Nabi, Farhana Musarrat, Jose Cesar Jose, Ingeborg M. Langohr, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Jan 2023

The Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (Hsv-1) Vaccine Strain Vc2 Causes Intratumor Infiltration Of Functionally Active T Cells And Inhibition Of Tumor Metastasis And Pro-Tumor Genes Vegf And Pdl1 Expression In The 4t1/Balb/C Mouse Model Of Stage Four Breast Cancer, Rafiq Nabi, Farhana Musarrat, Jose Cesar Jose, Ingeborg M. Langohr, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) provide new modalities for cancer therapy either alone or in combination with synergistic immunotherapies and/or chemotherapeutics. Engineered Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) has shown strong promise for the treatment of various cancers in experimental animal models as well as in human patients, with some virus strains licensed to treat human melanoma and gliomas. In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of mutant HSV-1 (VC2) in a late stage, highly metastatic 4T1 murine syngeneic. Method: VC2 was constructed VC2 using double red recombination technology. For in-vivo efficacy we utilized a late stage 4T1 syngeneic and immunocompetent …

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Energetic Budget Of Diploid And Triploid Eastern Oysters During A Summer Die-Off, Sarah Bodenstein, Sandra M. Casas, Terrence R. Tiersch, Jerome F. La Peyre Jan 2023

Energetic Budget Of Diploid And Triploid Eastern Oysters During A Summer Die-Off, Sarah Bodenstein, Sandra M. Casas, Terrence R. Tiersch, Jerome F. La Peyre

Faculty Publications

Triploid oysters are widely used in off-bottom aquaculture of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica. However, farmers of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and Atlantic coast estuaries have observed unresolved, late-spring die-offs of triploid oysters, threatening the sustainability of triploid aquaculture. To investigate this, the physiological processes underlying oyster growth (e.g., feeding, respiration) and mortality of one-year-old diploid and triploid oysters were compared in early summer following an uptick in mortality. It was predicted that higher triploid mortality was the result of energetic imbalances (increased metabolic demands and decreased feeding behavior). Oyster clearance rates, percentage of time valves were open, absorption efficiency, …

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Novel Liquor-Based Hot Sauce: Physicochemical Attributes, Volatile Compounds, Sensory Evaluation, Consumer Perception, Emotions, And Purchase Intent, Ricardo S. Aleman, Jhunior A. Marcía, Ismael Montero-Fernández, Joan King, Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki, Roberta Targino Hoskin, Marvin Moncada Jan 2023

Novel Liquor-Based Hot Sauce: Physicochemical Attributes, Volatile Compounds, Sensory Evaluation, Consumer Perception, Emotions, And Purchase Intent, Ricardo S. Aleman, Jhunior A. Marcía, Ismael Montero-Fernández, Joan King, Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki, Roberta Targino Hoskin, Marvin Moncada

Faculty Publications

Hot sauces are popular peppery condiments used to add flavor and sensory excitement to gastronomical preparations. While hot sauce occupies a retail category well over a century old, a novel production method using liquor as the base preservative rather than traditional vinegar is now commercially available, and its uniqueness begs study. Hot sauces produced with tequila, rum, vodka, and bourbon were compared to traditional vinegar-based hot sauces concerning physicochemical properties, volatile compounds, microbiological quality, sensory scores, emotions, and purchase intent (PI). Under accelerated conditions, pH, titratable acidity (TA), water activity (Aw), viscosity, and color were analyzed weekly for 20 weeks, …

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Reconsidering The Good Of Improving Accountability, Roy L. Heidelberg Jan 2023

Reconsidering The Good Of Improving Accountability, Roy L. Heidelberg

Faculty Publications

Among the rhetorical pleas that follow most instances of public dissatisfaction is the call for more or better accountability. Accountability is a lauded notion, a “golden concept” that is considered widely as critical to the success of democratic government. Such pleas, I will argue, are misplaced. Rather than starting from the premise of accountability as an idea that no one can be against, I consider the possibility that accountability undermines the very notion it ostensibly promotes: self-government. The concept of accountability in modern political theory is tied more closely to the emergence of an impersonal administrative state than it is …

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Natural Dyeing With Madder: Exploring Traditional Techniques And Color Characteristics, Guangguo Tian, Rongrong Cui, Chuanlan Liu, Xiaorui Hu Jan 2023

Natural Dyeing With Madder: Exploring Traditional Techniques And Color Characteristics, Guangguo Tian, Rongrong Cui, Chuanlan Liu, Xiaorui Hu

Faculty Publications

The color red has a significant presence in cultures around the world. The organic dye madder, derived from plants, has been used throughout human civilization and remains an important natural dye. The research reviews five traditional madder dyeing techniques from China, Europe, Turkey, and Japan. The techniques are applied to cotton, linen, silk, and wool fabrics, and their similarities and differences are compared and analyzed. Additionally, the environmental sustainability, resource conservation, and process efficiency of these dyeing techniques are also evaluated in this article. The chromatic value of dyed textile color was tested by means of an American Hunterlab spectrophotometer, …

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Planetary Protection: An International Concern And Responsibility, Athena Coustenis, Niklas Hedman, Peter T. Doran, Omar Al Shehhi, Eleonora Ammannito, Masaki Fujimoto, Olivier Grasset, Frank Groen, Alexander G. Hayes, Vyacheslav Ilyin, K. Praveen Kumar, Caroline Emmanuelle Morisset, Christian Mustin, Karen Olsson-Francis, Jing Peng, Olga Prieto-Ballesteros, Francois Raulin, Petra Rettberg, Silvio Sinibaldi, Yohey Suzuki, Kanyan Xu, Maxim Zaitsev Jan 2023

Planetary Protection: An International Concern And Responsibility, Athena Coustenis, Niklas Hedman, Peter T. Doran, Omar Al Shehhi, Eleonora Ammannito, Masaki Fujimoto, Olivier Grasset, Frank Groen, Alexander G. Hayes, Vyacheslav Ilyin, K. Praveen Kumar, Caroline Emmanuelle Morisset, Christian Mustin, Karen Olsson-Francis, Jing Peng, Olga Prieto-Ballesteros, Francois Raulin, Petra Rettberg, Silvio Sinibaldi, Yohey Suzuki, Kanyan Xu, Maxim Zaitsev

Faculty Publications

Planetary protection is a set of measures agreed upon at an international level to ensure the protection of scientific investigation during space exploration. As space becomes more accessible with traditional and new actors launching complex and innovative projects that involve robotics (including sample return) and human exploration, we have the responsibility to protect the pristine environments that we explore and our own biosphere. In this sense, the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) provides the international standard for planetary protection as well as a forum for international consultation. COSPAR has formulated a Planetary Protection Policy with associated requirements for responsible space …

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Interfacial Activity And Surface Pka Of Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (Pfcas), Ruchi Patel, Luis E. Saab, Philip J. Brahana, Kalliat T. Valsaraj, Bhuvnesh Bharti Jan 2023

Interfacial Activity And Surface Pka Of Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (Pfcas), Ruchi Patel, Luis E. Saab, Philip J. Brahana, Kalliat T. Valsaraj, Bhuvnesh Bharti

Faculty Publications

Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) are widely used synthetic chemicals that are known for their exceptional stability and interfacial activity. Despite their industrial and environmental significance, discrepancies exist in the reported pKa values for PFCAs, often spanning three to four units. These disparities stem from an incomplete understanding of how pH influences the ionized state of PFCA molecules in the bulk solution and at the air-water interface. Using pH titration and surface tension measurements, we show that the pKa values of the PFCAs adsorbed at the air-water interface differ from the bulk. Below the equivalence point, the undissociated and dissociated forms …

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