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Feature Engineering Of Environmental Covariates Improves Plant Genomic-Enabled Prediction, Osval A. Montesinos-López, Leonardo Crespo-Herrera, Carolina Saint Pierre, Bernabe Cano-Paez, Gloria Isabel Huerta-Prado, Brandon Alejandro Mosqueda-González, Sofia Ramos-Pulido, Guillermo Gerard, Khalid Alnowibet, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Abelardo Montesinos-López, José Crossa Jan 2024

Feature Engineering Of Environmental Covariates Improves Plant Genomic-Enabled Prediction, Osval A. Montesinos-López, Leonardo Crespo-Herrera, Carolina Saint Pierre, Bernabe Cano-Paez, Gloria Isabel Huerta-Prado, Brandon Alejandro Mosqueda-González, Sofia Ramos-Pulido, Guillermo Gerard, Khalid Alnowibet, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Abelardo Montesinos-López, José Crossa

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Because Genomic selection (GS) is a predictive methodology, it needs to guarantee high-prediction accuracies for practical implementations. However, since many factors affect the prediction performance of this methodology, its practical implementation still needs to be improved in many breeding programs. For this reason, many strategies have been explored to improve the prediction performance of this methodology. Methods: When environmental covariates are incorporated as inputs in the genomic prediction models, this information only sometimes helps increase prediction performance. For this reason, this investigation explores the use of feature engineering on the environmental covariates to enhance the prediction performance of genomic …

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Teaching Difficult Topics: Reflections From The Undergraduate Music Classroom, Olivia R. Lucas, Laura Moore Pruett Jan 2024

Teaching Difficult Topics: Reflections From The Undergraduate Music Classroom, Olivia R. Lucas, Laura Moore Pruett

Faculty Publications

Teaching Difficult Topics provides a series of on-the-ground reflections from college music instructors working in a wide variety of institutional settings about their approaches to inclusive, supportive pedagogy in the music classroom. Although some imagine the music classroom to be an apolitical space, instructors find themselves increasingly in need of resources for incorporating issues of race and ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and historical trauma into their classrooms in ways that support student learning and safeguard their classroom communities. The teaching reflections in Teaching Difficult Topics examine difficult themes that fall into three primary categories: subjects that instructors sense to be …

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Ba5sb8: The Highest Homologue Of The Family Of Binary Semiconducting Barium Antimonides Bansb2n−2 (N ≥ 2), S. M.Gayomi K. Samarakoon, Alexander Ovchinnikov, Sviatoslav Baranets, Svilen Bobev Jan 2024

Ba5sb8: The Highest Homologue Of The Family Of Binary Semiconducting Barium Antimonides Bansb2n−2 (N ≥ 2), S. M.Gayomi K. Samarakoon, Alexander Ovchinnikov, Sviatoslav Baranets, Svilen Bobev

Faculty Publications

A novel binary compound within the Ba–Sb phase diagram, Ba5Sb8, was synthesized by combining elements with an excess of Sb in an alumina crucible. Structural elucidation was performed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Fdd2 with unit cell parameters of a = 15.6568(13) Å, b = 35.240(3) Å, c = 6.8189(6) Å, adopting its own structure type. The most distinctive features of the structure are the eight-membered [Sb8]10− polyanionic fragments which have no known precedents among antimonides. They are separated by five Ba2+ cations, which afford the charge balance and enable adherence …

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Enriched Molecular-Level View Of Saline Wetland Soil Carbon By Sensitivity-Enhanced Solid-State Nmr, Wancheng Zhao, Elizabeth C. Thomas, Debkumar Debnath, Faith J. Scott, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, John R. White, Robert L. Cook, Tuo Wang Jan 2024

Enriched Molecular-Level View Of Saline Wetland Soil Carbon By Sensitivity-Enhanced Solid-State Nmr, Wancheng Zhao, Elizabeth C. Thomas, Debkumar Debnath, Faith J. Scott, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, John R. White, Robert L. Cook, Tuo Wang

Faculty Publications

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emission and regulating earth’s climate, carbon cycle, and biodiversity. Wetland soils account for one-third of all SOM; however, globally, coastal wetland soils are eroding faster due to increasing sea-level rise. Our understanding of carbon sequestration dynamics in wetlands lags behind that of upland soils. Here, we employ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) to investigate the molecular-level structure of biopolymers in wetland soils spanning 11 centuries. High-resolution multidimensional spectra, enabled by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), demonstrate enduring preservation of molecular structures within herbaceous plant cores, notably condensing aromatic motifs …

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Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Gene Pa4880 Encodes A Dps-Like Protein With A Dps Fold, Bacterioferritin-Type Ferroxidase Centers, And Endonuclease Activity, Nimesha Rajapaksha, Huili Yao, Aisha Cook, Steve Seibold, Lijun Liu, Kevin P. Battaile, Leo Fontenot, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Scott Lovell, Mario Rivera Jan 2024

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Gene Pa4880 Encodes A Dps-Like Protein With A Dps Fold, Bacterioferritin-Type Ferroxidase Centers, And Endonuclease Activity, Nimesha Rajapaksha, Huili Yao, Aisha Cook, Steve Seibold, Lijun Liu, Kevin P. Battaile, Leo Fontenot, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Scott Lovell, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

We report the biochemical, structural, and functional characterization of the protein coded by gene PA4880 in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 genome. The PA4880 gene had been annotated as coding a probable bacterioferritin. Our structural work shows that the product of gene PA4880 is a protein that adopts the Dps subunit fold, which oligomerizes into a 12-mer quaternary structure. Unlike Dps, however, the ferroxidase di-iron centers and iron coordinating ligands are buried within each subunit, in a manner identical to that observed in the ferroxidase center of P. aeruginosa bacterioferritin. Since these structural characteristics correspond to Dps-like proteins, we term the …

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The Role Of Holistic Mentoring Ecosystems In Mitigating Covid-19 Pandemic Impacts On The Persistence Of Low-Income Stem Students, Raeshan D. Davis, Zakiya S. Wilson-Kennedy Jan 2024

The Role Of Holistic Mentoring Ecosystems In Mitigating Covid-19 Pandemic Impacts On The Persistence Of Low-Income Stem Students, Raeshan D. Davis, Zakiya S. Wilson-Kennedy

Faculty Publications

Holistic mentoring ecosystems are a comprehensive approach to addressing the diverse needs of students through interconnected support networks. While mentoring has been well-documented in existing literature, more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of mentoring ecosystems in mitigating the impact of critical junctures for vulnerable, high-attrition student populations. Guided by Tinto’s model of retention, this qualitative case study investigated the role of holistic mentoring ecosystems in mitigating the impacts of the two combined critical junctures—the COVID-19 pandemic and the first year of college—on low-income STEM undergraduates. Our findings suggest that holistic mentoring ecosystems were essential in helping students adjust …

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Upper Bounds For The Lagrangian Cobordism Relation On Legendrian Links, Joshua M. Sabloff, David Shea Vela-Vick, C. M.Michael Wong Jan 2024

Upper Bounds For The Lagrangian Cobordism Relation On Legendrian Links, Joshua M. Sabloff, David Shea Vela-Vick, C. M.Michael Wong

Faculty Publications

Lagrangian cobordism induces a preorder on the set of Legendrian links in any contact 3–manifold. We show that any finite collection of null-homologous Legendrian links in a contact 3–manifold with a common rotation number has an upper bound with respect to the preorder. In particular, we construct an exact Lagrangian cobordism from each element of the collection to a common Legendrian link. This construction allows us to define a notion of minimal Lagrangian genus between any two null-homologous Legendrian links with a common rotation number.

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“The Good Shepherd Discourse As Persuasive Speech (John 9:39-10:21)”, Craig R. Koester Jan 2024

“The Good Shepherd Discourse As Persuasive Speech (John 9:39-10:21)”, Craig R. Koester

Faculty Publications

The contributors to this volume move beyond 'standard' soteriological issues, addressing often-neglected aspects of the soteriology of John and Paul. They demonstrate how themes like wisdom, volition, freedom, and the role of angels form an integral part of soteriology.

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“Courtesy, Respect, And Follow Through”: A Mixed Methods Evaluation Of Faculty Members’ Experiences, Needs, And Approaches To Research Collaborations, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D., Christina Ek, Jean Neils-Strunjas Ph.D, Ccc-Slp, Andrea Tanner Ph.D., James R. Hébert Scd, Lorie Donelle, Sue E. Levkoff, Freda Allyson Hucek, Brooks Yelton Ma, Lmsw, Dwayne E. Porter Jan 2024

“Courtesy, Respect, And Follow Through”: A Mixed Methods Evaluation Of Faculty Members’ Experiences, Needs, And Approaches To Research Collaborations, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D., Christina Ek, Jean Neils-Strunjas Ph.D, Ccc-Slp, Andrea Tanner Ph.D., James R. Hébert Scd, Lorie Donelle, Sue E. Levkoff, Freda Allyson Hucek, Brooks Yelton Ma, Lmsw, Dwayne E. Porter

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Guided by a communications-focused framework developed by an interdisciplinary team of authors, this paper presents data from a survey of health science faculty members to better understand how research collaborations are established and maintained. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to faculty in six colleges at a Research 1 institution. Quantitative data were downloaded into Excel and then RStudio for descriptive analysis. Open-ended, qualitative responses were coded and analyzed for themes. Results: Most respondents were in public health (44.0%) or medicine (25.3%); 40.0% were tenured. A grant deadline was the main impetus reported for initiating research collaborations (86.1%). Most …

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Reflecting On Partnerships Established And Sustained Over Four Cycles Of A Federally Funded Cancer Prevention And Control Research Program: Lessons Learned For Community-Academic Networks, Swann Arp Adams, Lauren Workman Ph.D., Mayank Sakhuja, Brooks Yelton Ma, Lmsw, Karen E. Wickersham Phd, Rn, Ciaran Fairman, Jan Eberth Ph.D., Sue Heiney Scd, James Hébert Scd, Freda Allyson Hucek, Lauren Schaurer, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D. Jan 2024

Reflecting On Partnerships Established And Sustained Over Four Cycles Of A Federally Funded Cancer Prevention And Control Research Program: Lessons Learned For Community-Academic Networks, Swann Arp Adams, Lauren Workman Ph.D., Mayank Sakhuja, Brooks Yelton Ma, Lmsw, Karen E. Wickersham Phd, Rn, Ciaran Fairman, Jan Eberth Ph.D., Sue Heiney Scd, James Hébert Scd, Freda Allyson Hucek, Lauren Schaurer, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) is a national network which aims to accelerate the adoption and implementation of evidence-based cancer prevention and control strategies and interventions in communities, enhance large-scale efforts to reach underserved populations and reduce their cancer-related health disparities, and develop the capacity of the dissemination and implementation work force specifically in cancer prevention and control. Methods: Our site has been a part of the CPCRN since its inception in 2002 with the exception of the 2004–2009 funding cycle. As community-based participatory research is a core …

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Protecting A Cornerstone Constitutional Right In The Age Of Zoom: The History And Case Law Surrounding The Confrontation Clause, Laura Anne Rose Jan 2024

Protecting A Cornerstone Constitutional Right In The Age Of Zoom: The History And Case Law Surrounding The Confrontation Clause, Laura Anne Rose

Faculty Publications

As the legal field moves into the post-COVID-19 pandemic world, it is essential to evaluate the place virtual meeting software holds in the criminal justice trial system.  This article traces the historical roots of the Confrontation Clause, considers the Supreme Court jurisprudence on the topic with special emphasis on Crawford v. Washington and Maryland v. Craig, traces the circuit split on the use of two-way video communication in criminal trials, and concludes with a review of state cases where the protections of the Confrontation Clause are evaluated with the use of Zoom testimony.

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Loan To Own, Robert W. Miller Jan 2024

Loan To Own, Robert W. Miller

Faculty Publications

Convertible debtor-in-possession ("DIP") financing is symptomatic of a paradigm shift in the control of large bankruptcy cases. During the prior era of lender control, distressed investors used DIP financing to shape the trajectory of bankruptcy cases and extract monopolistic rents at the expense of other constituencies. Enter the original loan-to-own: a common strategy commenced with a DIP loan, continued with a stalking-horse bid, and culminated in an acquisition of the debtor's assets. More recently, private equity sponsors ("Sponsors") and other sophisticated insiders are usurping control of bankruptcy cases. Convertible DIP financing (Loan-to-Own 2.0) is a byproduct. This Article situates convertible …

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Everyone Is Talking About Bankruptcy Directors, Robert W. Miller Jan 2024

Everyone Is Talking About Bankruptcy Directors, Robert W. Miller

Faculty Publications

The proliferation of bankruptcy directors represents a controversial shift in the corporate governance landscape. Delegating corporate decision making to bankruptcy directors insulates conflicted transactions and claims from the elevated scrutiny provided by derivative standing and entire fairness. However, critics have questioned their independence and cleansing effect. Are bankruptcy directors really independent when their role includes negotiation with and/or investigation into the same parties who appoint them? Should their decisions be given deference when their appointment is associated with lower recoveries for creditors? Bankruptcy directors' salience is best illustrated by the numerous proposals for determining whether they have cleansing effect, including …

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The Future Of Indigent Defense In South Dakota, Neil Fulton, Brooklyn Bollweg Jan 2024

The Future Of Indigent Defense In South Dakota, Neil Fulton, Brooklyn Bollweg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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R.I.P. Rap, Thomas Simmons Jan 2024

R.I.P. Rap, Thomas Simmons

Faculty Publications

In 1983, South Dakota's Legislature confirmed that the Rule Against Perpetuities ("RAP") was neutralized: "The common-law rule against perpetuities is not in force in this state." The legislative pronouncement, essentially unnoticed at the time, proved to be the seed from which the state's trust industry grew. This article, the second of two installments, continues the life history of RAP in South Dakota. The first installment surveyed common law RAP and its obscure, labyrinthine, counter-intuitive mechanics. This installment picks up with a survey of pre-1983 caselaw and uncovers an interesting nugget-it appears that South Dakota never recognized RAP in the first …

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Politicians The Founders Warned You About, Neil Fulton Jan 2024

Politicians The Founders Warned You About, Neil Fulton

Faculty Publications

Many articles have explored the Founders' intentions regarding the constitutional text. Much less attention has focused on the Founders' ideas regarding the traits needed of the leaders in a constitutional republic. The Constitution focuses on governing structures, many of which relate to the electoral process. The Constitution does not spell out the ideal traits of the leaders elected pursuant to those processes. Nonetheless, the Founders possessed clear views about the virtues and qualifications that ideal political leaders required. Indeed, the Founders issued warnings about certain archetypal political figures who, because of their flagrant disregard of the ideal virtues and qualifications, …

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Legislative Oversight Of The Administrative State: The South Dakota Legislature's Review Of Agency Rules, Neil Fulton, Patrick Garry, Gabrielle Unruh Jan 2024

Legislative Oversight Of The Administrative State: The South Dakota Legislature's Review Of Agency Rules, Neil Fulton, Patrick Garry, Gabrielle Unruh

Faculty Publications

Like the federal government, the executive branch of South Dakota's government includes administrative agencies. But unlike the federal government, the South Dakota Legislature exercises greater oversight. One such example is the Legislative Interim Rules Review Committee. This article not only explains the purpose of the Committee and the rules review process, but it also describes the results of an empirical study that analyzed the Committee's level of involvement in administrative rules' promulgation. In particular, this study examined the Committee's actions during the calendar year of 2019-whether the rules were reverted, passed, or later passed with modifications, and why such actions …

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Do Universities Meet Their Democratic Obligations?, Neil Fulton Jan 2024

Do Universities Meet Their Democratic Obligations?, Neil Fulton

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Assessing A Potential Deviation In The Legislative Process: The Use Of Vehicle Bills In South Dakota, Neil Fulton, Sarah Kammer, Patrick Garry Jan 2024

Assessing A Potential Deviation In The Legislative Process: The Use Of Vehicle Bills In South Dakota, Neil Fulton, Sarah Kammer, Patrick Garry

Faculty Publications

Vehicle bills are used by many state legislatures, including the South Dakota Legislature. These bills serve as empty shells to be amended with substantive text later in the legislative session. Critics charge that such vehicles allow legislators to meet the filing deadline with an essentially meaningless bill that gets amended late in the session, thereby depriving the public and opposition legislators from adequately investigating and debating the newly amended bill. This article examines how, and to what extent, the South Dakota Legislature has used vehicle bills over the past decade. In so doing, the article may provide some insight into …

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Leveraging Technology And Pro Se Clinics To Enhance Rural Access To The Courts, Marilyn Trefz, Kelly Collinsworth Jan 2024

Leveraging Technology And Pro Se Clinics To Enhance Rural Access To The Courts, Marilyn Trefz, Kelly Collinsworth

Faculty Publications

The integration of technology and the formation of law school pro se clinics offers a promising outcome to the challenges faced by pro se divorce and custody litigants in rural areas. This innovative approach promotes rural access to justice and provides law students with practical training opportunities. By embracing these advancements, legal systems can bridge the justice gap and create a more equitable and efficient environment for rural litigants involved in divorce and custody proceedings while encouraging students to embrace rural legal practice.

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The Nondelegation Doctrine In The States: How The Doctrine Has Been Applied In South Dakota, Patrick Garry, Gabrielle Unruh Jan 2024

The Nondelegation Doctrine In The States: How The Doctrine Has Been Applied In South Dakota, Patrick Garry, Gabrielle Unruh

Faculty Publications

The United States Constitution's separation of powers doctrine is foundational to the operation of the United States government. In theory, the nondelegation doctrine exists to preserve the separation of powers amongst the three branches of government. The doctrine's purpose is to give sole lawmaking authority to Congress, while yet allowing it to delegate rulemaking authority to an administrative agency, but only if it provides an "intelligible principle" to guide and constrain the agency's rulemaking. While on the surface this appears to be a high standard, the United States Supreme Court has not struck down a law promulgated by an administrative …

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Reinvigorating Congress's Role In The Administrative State: What The Major Questions Doctrine Suggests About Nondelegation, Patrick Garry, Sidney J. Hardy Jan 2024

Reinvigorating Congress's Role In The Administrative State: What The Major Questions Doctrine Suggests About Nondelegation, Patrick Garry, Sidney J. Hardy

Faculty Publications

In its recent decision in West Virginia v. EPA, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down administrative rules attempting to dramatically transform the electrical power generating industry. The Court's decision rested on its major questions doctrine, which states that on important enough matters the intent of Congress must be clearly expressed. This doctrine goes against the prevailing trend of deference toward the administrative state, as expressed through the permissive nondelegation and Chevron doctrines. While the major questions doctrine seeks to retain some congressional control over important issues, it nonetheless attracts much criticism on an array of grounds. This article proposes an …

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Timing And Evolution Of Structures Within The Southeastern Greater Caucasus And Kura Fold-Thrust Belt From Multiproxy Sediment Provenance Records, Adam M. Forte, Eric S. Cowgill, Dawn Y. Sumner, Dominique I. Garello, Nathan A. Niemi, K. Colton Fowler Jan 2024

Timing And Evolution Of Structures Within The Southeastern Greater Caucasus And Kura Fold-Thrust Belt From Multiproxy Sediment Provenance Records, Adam M. Forte, Eric S. Cowgill, Dawn Y. Sumner, Dominique I. Garello, Nathan A. Niemi, K. Colton Fowler

Faculty Publications

The Greater Caucasus (GC) mountains are the locus of post-Pliocene shortening within the northcentral Arabia-Eurasia collision. Although recent low-temperature thermochronology constrains the timing of orogen formation, the evolution of major structures remains enigmatic—particularly regarding the internal kinematics within this young orogen and the associated Kura Fold-Thrust Belt (KFTB), which flanks its southeastern margin. Here we use a multiproxy provenance analysis to investigate the tectonic history of both the southeastern GC and KFTB by presenting new data from a suite of sandstone samples from the KFTB, including sandstone petrography, whole-rock geochemistry, and detrital zircon (DZ) U-Pb geochronology. To define source terranes …

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Molecular And Cellular Programs Underlying The Development Of Bovine Pre-Implantation Embryos, Zongliang Jiang Jan 2024

Molecular And Cellular Programs Underlying The Development Of Bovine Pre-Implantation Embryos, Zongliang Jiang

Faculty Publications

Early embryonic mortality is a major cause of infertility in cattle, yet the underlying molecular causes remain a mystery. Over the past half century, assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilisation and somatic cell nuclear transfer have been used to improve cattle reproductive efficiency; however, reduced embryo developmental potential is seen compared to their in vivo counterparts. Recent years have seen exciting progress across bovine embryo research, including genomic profiling of embryogenesis, new methods for improving embryo competence, and experimenting on building bovine embryos from stem cell cultures. These advances are beginning to define bovine embryo molecular and cellular …

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Fitness Promotion In College: The Relationships Among Students’ Perceived Physical Literacy, Knowledge, And Physical Fitness, Bin Long, Yang Liu, Senlin Chen, Yiwu Yang, Suna Tang, Jimei Yang, Yuhuai Wang Jan 2024

Fitness Promotion In College: The Relationships Among Students’ Perceived Physical Literacy, Knowledge, And Physical Fitness, Bin Long, Yang Liu, Senlin Chen, Yiwu Yang, Suna Tang, Jimei Yang, Yuhuai Wang

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among perceived physical literacy (PPL), knowledge of physical activity and fitness (PAF knowledge), and physical fitness. Methods: Undergraduates (N = 968, female = 414; Mage = 18.64) from a public university in central China completed a simplified Chinese version of the PPL instrument, an online test for PAF knowledge, and seven health-related physical fitness tests. The PPL includes three dimensions: (a) confidence and physical competence, (b) motivation, and (c) interaction with the environment. The fitness tests measured lung capacity, body mass index (BMI), and performances in 800 (female)/1000 (male) …

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Monitoring Of Wave, Current, And Sediment Dynamics Along The Fog Point Living Shoreline, Glenn Martin National Wildlife Refuge, Maryland, Hongqing Wang, Qin Chen, William D. Capurso, Lukasz M. Niemoczynski, Nan Wang, Ling Zhu, Gregg A. Snedden, Matt Whitbeck, Carol A. Wilson, Michael Brownley Jan 2024

Monitoring Of Wave, Current, And Sediment Dynamics Along The Fog Point Living Shoreline, Glenn Martin National Wildlife Refuge, Maryland, Hongqing Wang, Qin Chen, William D. Capurso, Lukasz M. Niemoczynski, Nan Wang, Ling Zhu, Gregg A. Snedden, Matt Whitbeck, Carol A. Wilson, Michael Brownley

Faculty Publications

Living shorelines with salt marsh species, rock breakwaters, and sand nourishment were built along the coastal areas in the Glenn Martin National Wildlife Refuge, Maryland, in 2016 in response to Hurricane Sandy (2012). The Fog Point living shoreline at Glenn Martin National Wildlife Refuge was designed with the “headland - breakwater - embayment” pattern. Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, Northeastern University, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Louisiana State University studied wave, current, and sediment dynamics to assess the effectiveness of the Fog Point living shoreline structures in terms of wave attenuation and erosion reduction. Wave gages, current meters, …

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An Examination Of Homo Naledi Early Juveniles Recovered From The Rising Star Cave System, South Africa, Juliet K. Brophy, Debra R. Bolter, Marina Elliott, John Hawks, Lee R. Berger Jan 2024

An Examination Of Homo Naledi Early Juveniles Recovered From The Rising Star Cave System, South Africa, Juliet K. Brophy, Debra R. Bolter, Marina Elliott, John Hawks, Lee R. Berger

Faculty Publications

Background: Six Homo naledi early juveniles were recovered from U.W. 101 (Dinaledi Chamber), U.W. 102 (Lesedi Chamber), and U.W. 110 in the Rising Star cave system. Aim: This paper develops the information for the H. naledi early juvenile life stage, as defined by a combination of deciduous and permanent dentition, and the eruption of the first permanent molar. Subjects and methods: The growing number of young individuals recovered from the Rising Star cave system allows us to gain a better understanding of their variation, or lack thereof, and provides a basis to estimate broad ranges for age at death of …

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Flooded Mangrove Landscapes Hide Ancient Maya Coastal Sites In Belize, Heather I. Mckillop Jan 2024

Flooded Mangrove Landscapes Hide Ancient Maya Coastal Sites In Belize, Heather I. Mckillop

Faculty Publications

Evidence of ancient Maya exploitation of salt, other marine resources, settlement, and sea trade is hidden in flooded mangrove landscapes on the cays, mainland, and in shallow offshore locations on the south coast of Belize. This article includes a discussion of the coastal economy from the Middle Preclassic through the Postclassic periods (600 B.C.–A.D. 1500). Data from sites discovered and excavated since 1982 in the coastal area of the Port Honduras and Paynes Creek National Park support a model of coastal reliance on marine resources and tree crops. The need for a regular supply of coastal salt to inland cities …

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Convolution-Transformer For Image Feature Extraction, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Siyu Lu, Ruiyang Wang, Youshuai Yang, Bo Yang, Shan Liu, Ahmed Alsanad, Salman A. Alqahtani, Zhengtong Yin, Xiaolu Li, Xiaobing Chen, Wenfeng Zheng Jan 2024

Convolution-Transformer For Image Feature Extraction, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Siyu Lu, Ruiyang Wang, Youshuai Yang, Bo Yang, Shan Liu, Ahmed Alsanad, Salman A. Alqahtani, Zhengtong Yin, Xiaolu Li, Xiaobing Chen, Wenfeng Zheng

Faculty Publications

This study addresses the limitations of Transformer models in image feature extraction, particularly their lack of inductive bias for visual structures. Compared to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), the Transformers are more sensitive to different hyperparameters of optimizers, which leads to a lack of stability and slow convergence. To tackle these challenges, we propose the Convolution-based Efficient Transformer Image Feature Extraction Network (CEFormer) as an enhancement of the Transformer architecture. Our model incorporates E-Attention, depthwise separable convolution, and dilated convolution to introduce crucial inductive biases, such as translation invariance, locality, and scale invariance, into the Transformer framework. Additionally, we implement a …

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Afbnet: A Lightweight Adaptive Feature Fusion Module For Super-Resolution Algorithms, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Siyu Lu, Ruiyang Wang, Haitao Ren, Ahmed Alsanad, Salman A. Alqahtani, Zhengtong Yin, Xiaolu Li, Wenfeng Zheng Jan 2024

Afbnet: A Lightweight Adaptive Feature Fusion Module For Super-Resolution Algorithms, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Siyu Lu, Ruiyang Wang, Haitao Ren, Ahmed Alsanad, Salman A. Alqahtani, Zhengtong Yin, Xiaolu Li, Wenfeng Zheng

Faculty Publications

At present, super-resolution algorithms are employed to tackle the challenge of low image resolution, but it is difficult to extract differentiated feature details based on various inputs, resulting in poor generalization ability. Given this situation, this study first analyzes the features of some feature extraction modules of the current super-resolution algorithm and then proposes an adaptive feature fusion block (AFB) for feature extraction. This module mainly comprises dynamic convolution, attention mechanism, and pixel-based gating mechanism. Combined with dynamic convolution with scale information, the network can extract more differentiated feature information. The introduction of a channel spatial attention mechanism combined with …

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