Digital Commons Network^™

Entrepreneurship In Off-Label Drug Prescription: Just What The Doctor Ordered!, Raymond March

Faculty Publications

This paper finds that physicians and pharmaceutical companies working as entrepreneurial actors were able to better serve patients by finding effective alternative uses of three drugs. I examine off-label drug prescription within an entrepreneurial framework by examining the development processes of aspirin, Viagra, and minoxidil. In each case, the medical community reached research and treatment conclusions quicker than the FDA did. These examples provide counterevidence to the view that off-label prescription is reckless and requires additional governmental oversight due to a lack of sufficient testing

The Intersections Of Africana Studies And Curriculum Theory: An Exploration, Theodorea Regina Berry

Faculty Publications

There has been much critique of globalization now circulating in curriculum studies both nationally, in the United States, and internationally, helps us understand some of the lethal effects of globalization. Nevertheless, little of such critique is grounded in a strong commitment to work beyond the Western epistemological perimeter. While we, as reconceptualists in curriculum studies, acknowledge the necessity to honor the multiple sources and perspectives of knowledge, we continue to operate in spaces and with intentions embedded in globalized, traditional notions of curriculum. This problem is especially heightened for socially marginalized learners, particularly Black/African American learners.

In this article, I …

Determinants And Outcomes Of Brand Hate, Sabrina Hegner, Marc Fetscherin, Marianne Van Delzen

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore and discuss the concept of brand hate. We present a taxonomy of the main determinants and outcomes of brand hate and empirically assess our model.

Design/methodology/approach: A survey design using cross-sectional primary data from 224 German consumers was employed. Hypotheses related to determinants and outcomes of brand hate were tested by means of structural equation modelling.

Findings: Findings show brand hate is triggered by three determinants (negative past experience, symbolic incongruity, ideological incompatibility) and leads to three behavioural outcomes (brand avoidance, negative word of mouth, brand retaliation).

Originality/value: This paper explores …

Anti-Bias Or Not: A Case Study Of Two Early Childhood Educators, Flora Farago

Faculty Publications

This work examines anti-bias teaching practices through a case study of two early childhood educators working in classrooms with 4- to 5-year-old children. The educators self-identified that they intentionally addressed diversity in their classrooms using the anti-bias curricular approach (Derman-Sparks & the ABC Task Force, 1989). Specifically, the study explored how early childhood educators used anti-bias practices, and how educators discussed race and gender with young children. The methodology involved semi-structured interviews, naturalistic observations of educator-child interactions, and a survey of educators’ beliefs and classroom practices regarding race and gender. Findings indicated that educators felt more comfortable and skilled at …

Invisible Error, Cassandra Burke Robertson

Faculty Publications

When trial becomes a luxury, retrial can start to look downright decadent. Scholars have documented the “vanishing trial” in recent decades, exploring the various causes and effects of declining trial rates. Retrial, if mentioned at all, is portrayed as a relatively inefficient vehicle for error correction at best. At worst, it is seen as a threat to the sanctity of the ever-rarer jury verdict.

But the jury trial is only endangered, not yet extinct. And continuing to protect the constitutional right to a jury requires appreciating the role of retrial within the due-process framework. When the jury’s verdict contradicts the …

Erasing The Mark Of A Criminal Past: Ex-Offenders’ Expectations And Experiences With Record Clearance, Ericka Adams, Elsa Chen, Rosella Chapman

Faculty Publications

Through the process of record clearance, individuals can have certain minor convictions removed from their criminal records or designated as expunged. This study analyzes data gathered from semi-structured interviews with 40 persons with past criminal convictions to examine the expectations of individuals who seek record clearance and the extent to which completion of the process facilitates efforts to reintegrate into society and desist from crime. The analysis finds that record clearance benefits ex-offenders through external effects, such as the reduction of barriers to employment, and internal processes, such as the facilitation of cognitive transformation and the affirmation of a new …

Changing Hearts And Minds: Results From A Multi-Country Gender And Sexual Diversity Training, Tonia Poteat, Chulwoo Park, Diego Solares, John K. Williams, R. Cameron Wolf, Noah Metheny, Andrea Vazzano, Juan Dent, Ashley Gibbs, Bareng Aletta Sanny Nonyane, Nora Toiv

Faculty Publications

Engaging key populations, including gender and sexual minorities, is essential to meeting global targets for reducing new HIV infections and improving the HIV continuum of care. Negative attitudes toward gender and sexual minorities serve as a barrier to political will and effective programming for HIV health services. The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), established in 2003, provided Gender and Sexual Diversity Trainings for 2,825 participants including PEPFAR staff and program implementers, U.S. government staff, and local stakeholders in 38 countries. The outcomes of these one-day trainings were evaluated among a subset of participants using a mixed methods pre- …

Prenatal Abandonment: 'Horton Hatches The Egg' In The Supreme Court And Thirty-Four States, Mary M. Beck

Faculty Publications

Under prenatal abandonment theory, fathers can lose their parental rights to nonmarital children if they do not provide prenatal support to the mothers of their children. This is true even if the mothers have not notified the fathers of the pregnancy and if the mothers or fathers are unsure of the fathers' paternity. While this result may seem counterintuitive, it is necessitated by demographic trends. Prenatal abandonment theory has been structured to protect mothers, fathers, and fetuses in response to a number of social factors: the link between pregnancy and increased rates of sexual assault, domestic violence, and domestic homicide; …

Growing Portland: Not Whether, But How, Richard Barringer Phd, Joseph Mcdonnell Phd

Faculty Publications

In the 400 years since European settlement, Portland has survived the ravages of war, invasion, pestilence, conflagration, and economic depression and recession. Once a renowned manufacturing, trade, and shipping center, it now enjoys what might be called a post-industrial renaissance as a vibrant center for the arts, education, entertainment, and banking, legal, and medical services; and is frequently cited as one of America’s best small cities. As a result, Portland is growing today and is positioned for more growth.

The question, then, is not whether Portland will grow, but how well it will grow; or, how best to manage the …

The Trolley And The Pinto: Cost-Benefit Analysis In Automated Driving And Other Cyber-Physical Systems, Bryant Walker Smith

Faculty Publications

Automated driving has attracted substantial public and scholarly attention. This brief Article describes how that attention has brought new fame to a classic philosophical thought experiment (the “trolley problem”), critiques how this thought experiment has been applied in that context, proposes a more practical extension of that experiment based on risk rather than harm, notes that this extension may still involve programming value judgments, argues with reference to the Ford Pinto debacle that these judgments could inflame juries or the public at large, and emphasizes the need for appropriately focused public discussion of these issues. The Article may be especially …

Clean Electrification, Shelley Welton

Faculty Publications

To combat climate change, many leading states have adopted the aim of creating a “participatory” grid. In this new model, electricity is priced based on time of consumption and carbon content, and consumers are encouraged to adjust their behavior and adopt new technologies to maintain affordable electricity. Although a more participatory grid is an important component of lowering greenhouse gas emissions, it also raises a new problem of clean energy justice: utilities and consumer advocates claim that such policies unjustly benefit the rich at the expense of the poor, given the type of consumer best able to participate in the …

The Apps For Justice Project: Employing Design Thinking To Narrow The Access To Justice Gap, Lois R. Lupica

Faculty Publications

The lack of available resources to make civil justice available to all, coupled with the fact that existing strategies fail to account for the research on cognitive capacity and other deployment challenges faced by the poor, explain in large part why a high percentage of low-income individuals facing legal problems fail to take action to respond to their legal problems. Such a failure to respond in a timely fashion to a nascent legal problem can lead to an escalation of the initial problem and the emergence of new ones.

The access-to-justice community has begun to respond to this intensifying crisis …

Busting Up The Pretrial Industry, Andrew S. Pollis

Faculty Publications

It is by now axiomatic that the objective of the civil lawsuit has evolved. Litigants no longer routinely resolve their disputes through trial but instead engage in pretrial battles designed to extract favorable settlements. Modern litigation revolves around protracted discovery and dispositive motions, driven by two primary dynamics: (1) the maximization of fees for lawyers who charge their clients by the hour; and (2) the desire to make litigation as painful as possible for an adversary so that settlement becomes the adversary’s better option. We have, in short, fostered a pretrial industry that can relegate the merits of a dispute …

Split Definitive: How Party Polarization Turned The Supreme Court Into A Partisan Court, Neal Devins, Lawrence Baum

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Separating Amicus Wheat From Chaff, Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl, Adam Feldman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Style, Affect, And Subjectivity: An Introduction To" Readings Of The Romanian New Wave", Alina Haliliuc, Jesse Schlotterbeck

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Analysis Of A Diversity Support Program In Biology: A National Call For Further Assessment, Cissy J. Ballen, Nicholas A. Mason

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2017. National calls to improve the performance and persistence of students from historically underrepresented backgrounds in science have led to a surge of research on inclusive, evidence-based teaching methods. Less work has revealed the effects of diversity support initiatives that improve campus climate and community cohesion. Here, we examine whether participation in the Biology Scholars Program (BSP) at Cornell University-a diversity support program at a prominent university-affects underrepresented racial minority (URM) student performance. We found that BSP participants are less academically prepared when they enter college but typically have GPAs similar to those of their non-BSP counterparts …

Vínculos Históricos Entre Nueva Orleans, Luisiana Y Cuba, Andrew Sluyter, Annie Mcneill Gibson, Case Watkins, James Chaney

Faculty Publications

This paper examines the historical ties between Cuba and New Orleans. It makes a summary of the economic relationships between this country and this U. S. city from the 18th century until the present day. Additionally, potentially positive effects these ties could have on New Orleans and Cuba’s culture and economy when US-Cuba relations are completely normalized in the future are examined as well.

Side By Side: Revitalizing Urban Cores And Ensuring Residential Diversity, Andrea Boyack

Faculty Publications

Fifty years ago, the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. expressed a hope that someday people of all races would “live side by side in decent, safe, and sanitary housing.” Residential patterns in America today, however, remain highly segregated by race and income. The Fair Housing Act outlawed overt housing discrimination and unjustified discriminatory impacts, but zoning laws and housing finance structures have continued to impede housing integration, leaving communities nearly as racially homogenous as they were in the mid 20th century. These separate neighborhoods are far from equal. The majority of people who reside in financially distressed city-center neighborhoods are …

Alternative Facts And The Post-Truth Society: Meeting The Challenge, S. I. Strong

Faculty Publications

In the hours following the 2017 U.S. presidential inauguration, the world was introduced to the concept of "alternative facts," a term that quickly became synonymous with a willingness to persevere with a particular belief either in complete ignorance of, or with a total disregard for, reality.' The increasing incidence of alternative facts in the popular and political arena creates a critical conundrum for lawyers, judges, legislators, and anyone interested in deliberative democracy, since it is unclear how rational debate can proceed if empirical evidence holds no persuasive value.

This Essay seeks to use empirical research to demonstrate that conventional means …

Zika, Pregnancy, And The Law, Sam F. Halabi

Faculty Publications

This Essay situates a crucial component of the public health response to Zika - the effort to develop a safe and effective vaccine - within the broader literature. It does so in an effort to highlight the need to revisit the relationship between law and pregnancy - not only in the areas legal scholars have prioritized so far, but also in the context of routine and emergency maternal health, which has heretofore been largely assumed to be governed by straightforward norms and practices based on medical evidence and physician ethics. In fact, whereas the current literature tends to assume or …

Book Review: Divergent Paths: The Academy And The Judiciary, S. I. Strong

Faculty Publications

Judge Richard Posner's most recent book, Divergent Paths: The Academy and the Judiciary touches on a number of important issues, but the most revolutionary element involves Judge Posner's discussion of how the legal academy can assist with the education of current and future judges.

Prince Rogers Nelson: From "Dirty Mind" To Devout Jehovah's Witness, Cassandra Chaney Phd

Faculty Publications

Prince Rogers Nelson (born: June 7, 1958) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and actor. He was a musical innovator and known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range. When he passed unexpectedly on April 21, 2016, he had built an immensely successful career that spanned over 30 years. Although Prince is widely known for his highly sexual behavior, we know less about his spiritual beliefs as well as how these beliefs influenced his public persona and private life. Through the lens of social identity theory, this manuscript will examine …

The Double Abcx Model, Family Stress Theory, Risk, Protection, And Resilience In The Movie “Precious”, Cassandra Chaney Phd

Faculty Publications

The critically acclaimed movie Precious [1] highlights the multiple stressors and crises experienced by an abused Black teen female living in poverty. Given its introduction to the screen, scholars have yet to make critical connections between the family dynamics portrayed in this movie and a particular family theory. The purpose of this paper is to help scholars who teach family stress courses apply the experiences of this young woman and her family to McCubbin and Patterson’s [2] Double ABCX Model. Furthermore, this paper will examine the risk factors, the protective factors, and the resilience demonstrated by the movie’s protagonist, Claireece …

Eco-Health Linkages: Assessing The Role Of Ecosystem Goods And Services On Human Health Using Causal Criteria Analysis, Rebeca De Jesus Crespo, Richard Fulford

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Instrumental- And Emotion-Focused Care Work During Physical Health Events: Comparing Gay, Lesbian, And Heterosexual Marriages, Debra Umberson, Mieke Beth Thomeer, Rhiannon A. Kroeger, Corinne Reczek, Rachel Donnelly

Faculty Publications

Objectives: We consider emotion- and instrumental-focused care work and marital stress during significant physical health events in midlife gay, lesbian, and heterosexual marriages. Method: We employ the factorial method, an extension of the actor-partner interdependence model, to analyze survey data from 808 midlife gay, lesbian, and heterosexual spouses in 404 unions. Results: The amount of emotion- and instrumental-focused care work provided during physical health events, and the associations between care work and marital stress, depends on the gender of the respondent, gender of the spouse, and whether spouses are in a same-sex or different-sex union. For example, in both same- …

Between Description & Prescription: Law, Wittgenstein, And Constitutional Faith, Gregory Brazeal

Faculty Publications

The occasions on which a judge or legal scholar has peered into the depths of the Constitution and found, to her surprise, that the Constitution requires the opposite of her ideological preferences, are extremely rare. Yet judges and scholars continue to present their conclusions as the product of ideologically neutral reasoning, while often criticizing the ideological bias in the reasoning of their opponents. A Wittgensteinian perspective on the nature of legal discourse can shed light on this puzzlingly persistent state of affairs. Legal discourse, including constitutional argument, is partly defined by the blending of descriptive reasoning about what the law …

Developing Online Communities For Librarian Researchers: A Case Study, Lili Luo, Marie Kennedy, Kristine Brancolini, Michael Stephens

Faculty Publications

This study examines the role of online communities in connecting and supporting librarian researchers, through the analysis of member activities in the online community for academic librarians that attended the 2014 Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (IRDL). The 2014 IRDL cohort members participated in the online community via Twitter and a Facebook group page. A content analysis of their posts and an online survey among them identified different patterns of engagement and four primary types of content—posts related to completing the IRDL research project required for each cohort member, announcements about research-related resources and opportunities, posts reminiscing about the …

Rural Women And Developments In The Undue Burden Analysis: The Effect Of Whole Woman's Health V. Hellerstedt, Hannah Haksgaard

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Toxocara Seroprevalence And Associated Risk Factors In The United States, Bruce L. Brown, Andrew N. Berrett, Lance D. Erickson, Shawn D. Gale, Allison Stone, Dawson W. Hedges

Faculty Publications

Caused by the parasitic nematodes Toxocara canis and cati, toxocariasis in humans can result in covert toxocariasis, ocular toxocariasis, visceral larval migrans, and neurotoxocariasis. A common infection, toxocariasis exposure varies widely within and between countries, with a previous estimate of Toxocara seroprevalence using data from 1988 to 1994 in the United States of approximately 13%. Age, poverty, sex, educational attainment, ethnicity, and region have been associated with Toxocara seroprevalence. In this study, we sought to determine the seroprevalence of and factors associated with Toxocara seropositivity in the United States using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from …