Digital Commons Network^™

What Will And Won’T Happen When Abortion Is Banned, Michelle Oberman

Faculty Publications

For the past fifty years, abortion opponents have fought for the power to ban abortion without little attention to how things might change when they won. The battle to make abortion illegal has been predicated on three nebulous assumptions about how abortion bans work. First, supporters believe banning abortion will deter it. Second, they hope bans will send a message about abortion—specifically, that abortion is immoral. And third, they expect bans to be competently implemented and enforced.

Drawing on empirical work from within and outside of the U.S., this Article offers an evidence-based assessment of each of these assumptions. Part …

Television Viewing Time And All-Cause Mortality: Interactions With Bmi, Physical Activity, Smoking, And Dietary Factors, Christopher T. Swain, Julie K. Bassett, Allison M. Hodge, David W. Dunstan, Neville Owen, Yi Yang, Harindra Jayasekara, James R. Hébert Scd, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Robert J. Macinnis, Roger L. Milne, Dallas R. English, Brigid M. Lynch

Faculty Publications

Background Higher levels of time spent sitting (sedentary behavior) contribute to adverse health outcomes, including earlier death. This effect may be modified by other lifestyle factors. We examined the association of television viewing (TV), a common leisure-time sedentary behavior, with all-cause mortality, and whether this is modified by body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, soft drink consumption, or diet-associated inflammation. Methods Using data from participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, flexible parametric survival models assessed the time-dependent association of self-reported TV time (three categories: < 2 h/day, 2-3 h/day, > 3 h/day) with all-cause mortality. Interaction terms were fitted to test whether …

A Qualitative Report Of The Perceptions Of The Covid-19 Pandemic From Collegiate Student-Athletes, Dylan C. Rowe, Zachary K. Winkelmann Phd, Lat, Atc, Shawn M. Arent Ph.D., Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, Michelle Angelique Arent Rd, Mph, Cscs, Cissn, Alexa Jenny Chandler, Nancy A. Uriegas, Toni Torres-Mcgehee Phd, Lat, Atc

Faculty Publications

Context

The COVID-19 pandemic led to an abrupt disruption in access to services and personnel for collegiate student-athletes in the spring and summer of 2020. We sought to identify the effects of this unprecedented change by examining the psychological well-being, changes to normal routines, and return-to-play considerations of current student-athletes in order to guide support for both current and future student-athletes who may face similar situations. Methods

We utilized a phenomenological approach to interview a purposeful sample of eighteen collegiate student-athletes (7 males, 11 females; mean age = 20 years) from across the United States. The participants were interviewed using …

Refugee Food Insecurity & Technology: Surfacing Experiences Of Adaptation, Navigation, Negotiation And Sharing, Reem Talhouk, Kyle Montague, Hala Ghattas, Vera Araujo-Soares, Balsam Ahmad, Madeline Balaam

Faculty Publications

With the Syrian crisis still ongoing, 91% of Syrian refugee families in Lebanon do not have adequate access to safe and sufficient food. There has been a drive for technological innovation in humanitarian food assistance. To further inform such innovation, we used an Experience-Centred Design approach to gain a holistic understanding of the experiences of refugee food insecurity and how refugees envision technologies can support them. Design engagements with 13 women in an informal refugee settlement in Lebanon were conducted. The findings presented in this paper highlight that coping with food insecurity consists of experiences of adaptation, navigation, negotiation and …

The Faith, Activity, And Nutrition (Fan) Dissemination And Implementation Study: Changes In And Maintenance Of Organizational Practices Over 24 Months In A Statewide Initiative, Sarah Wilcox Phd, Kelsey R. Day, Ruth P. Saunders, Danielle E. Jake-Schoffman, Andrew T. Kaczynski, Jessica Stucker, Caroline G. Dunn, John Bernhart Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Background

Few studies have examined the impact of ecological health promotion interventions on organizational practices over time, especially in faith-based settings. This statewide dissemination and implementation study examined change in organizational practices and their predictors across a 24-month period, as well as maintenance of change.

Methods

Using a pre-post quasi-experimental design, church coordinators from 92 United Methodist Churches in South Carolina (42% predominantly African American congregations) completed surveys at baseline, and immediate, 12-, and 24-months post-training regarding physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) organizational practices consistent with the Faith, Activity, and Nutrition (FAN) program (opportunities, policies, pastor support, messages) …

Acculturation Implications On Obesity Among Ethnically Diverse Teens, Tien Vo, Lori A. Spruance

Faculty Publications

Obesity is a prevalent public health concern among children, especially those from minoritized backgrounds. In order to understand how acculturation and race/ethnicity influence obesogenic behavior in adolescents, a national convenience sample of 11- to 14-year-olds was recruited to participate in a survey about acculturation, physical activity, nutrition, and the school and home environment. Preliminary results showed significant differences in obesogenic behaviors when comparing White to non-White groups. Time spent watching TV, time spent playing video/computer games, and physical inactivity was higher for non-White Westernized adolescents compared to White adolescents. self-reported obesity, participation in school meals were both positively correlated with …

Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years Of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, And Disability-Adjusted Life Years For 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 To 2019 A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2019, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph.D., Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Kelly Compton, Frances E. Dean, Weijia Fu, Brian L. Gaw, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden.

Objective To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019.

Evidence Review The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite …

Impact Of Host Plant Resistance On Emergence, Body Parameters, And Supercooling Point Of Cylas Formicarius Elegantulus (Coleoptera: Brentidae), Nupur Sarkar, Mark J. Murray, Michael J. Stout, Jeffrey A. Davis

Faculty Publications

Sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), an in-field and storage pest of sweetpotato, is the primary insect constraint to sweetpotato production in tropical and subtropical regions. Feeding by adult and larval sweetpotato weevil induces terpenes, rendering storage roots unmarketable. To reduce storage root damage and sweetpotato weevil populations, the present experiment tested the impact of sweetpotato cultivar on developmental time, adult emergence, body length, weight, and supercooling point of sweetpotato weevil. The cultivars tested were â Beauregard' and â Evangeline,' both orange fleshed cultivars susceptible to sweetpotato weevil, and â Murasaki,' a white fleshed cultivar known to be …

The Supercooling Responses Of The Solitary Bee Osmia Excavata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Under The Biological Stress Of Its Brood Parasite, Sapyga Coma (Hymenoptera: Sapygidae), Zhuo Yan, Lina Wang, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Shimin Gu, Xingyuan Men, Yunli Xiao, Jianwei Su, Feng Ge, Fang Ouyang

Faculty Publications

(1) Background: Many insects have evolved different strategies to adapt to subzero temperatures and parasites, but the supercooling response of pollinator populations under the brood parasitism pressure has not been sufficiently investigated. (2) Methods: This study assessed the supercooling traits (supercooling points, fresh weight and fat content) of the solitary bee Osmia excavata Alfken and its brood parasite, Sapyga coma Yasumatsu & Sugihara. We measured 4035 samples (3025 O. excavata and 1010 S. coma, one individual as one sample) and discovered the super-cooling traits relations between solitary bee and brood parasite. (3) Results: Significant differences in the supercooling points were …

Decreasing Phosphorus Fertility To Reduce Sweet Potato Root Growth During Container-Grown Transplant Production, L. Rouse, J. Beasley, D. Labonte, J. Kuehny

Faculty Publications

Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], grown as an edible ornamental, is propagated in home gardens using locally purchased transplants. However, vigorous growth of sweetpotato limits the period of transplant salability due to root confinement. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate reductions in phosphorus (P) fertility to slow transplant root growth and extend the period of salability. Cuttings were planted into containers and fertilized at 0, 5 (0.0007), 10 (0.0012), 15 (0.0020), 20 (0.0024), and 31 mg P.L-1 (0.0040 oz P.gal-1) using a modified Hoagland solution. All transplants fertilized at 5 mg P.L-1 increased in shoot length, color, and …

The Influence Of Whey Protein Heating Parameters On Their Susceptibility To Digestive Enzymes And The Antidiabetic Activity Of Hydrolysates, Kungnang Bunsroem, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Siwatt Thaiudom

Faculty Publications

The inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) could normalize blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. This study evaluated the susceptibility of whey proteins to enzyme hydrolysis and the antidiabetic properties of protein hydrolysates from β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) and α-lactalbumin (α-LA) solutions compared with whey protein isolate (WPI) solution treated at different heating temperatures (65, 75, and 85◦ C). α-LA hydrolysate provided the lowest degree of hydrolysis (DH). Those heating temperatures did not significantly affect the DH of all protein hydrolysates. α-LA hydrolysate significantly increased GLP-1 levels and DPP-IV inhibitory activity more than β-LG hydrolysate. WPI …

Evaluating Stratified Substrates Effect On Containerized Crop Growth Under Varied Irrigation Strategies, Kristopher S. Criscione, Jeb S. Fields, Jim S. Owen, Lisa Fultz, Edward Bush

Faculty Publications

Growers rely on soilless substrates to provide sufficient water and nutrients to containerized crops. Traditional bark-based substrates are engineered to have relatively low water-holding capabilities, which can lead to nonuniform rewetting patterns and inefficient usage of water resources. Engineering substrates to redistribute water dynamics and maximize aeration within the container may improve water resource efficiencies. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether more efficient irrigation schedules can be used when stratifying unique substrates within a container for added crop water and nutrient efficiency. Loropetalum chinense ‘Ruby’ liners were planted and grown in a conventional pine bark substrate or …

The Potential Of Dietary Bioactive Compounds Against Sars-Cov-2 And Covid-19-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction, Jack N. Losso

Faculty Publications

COVID-19 is an endothelial disease. All the major comorbidities that increase the risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 including old age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, respiratory disease, compromised immune system, coronary artery disease or heart failure are associated with dysfunctional endothelium. Genetics and environmental factors (epigenetics) are major risk factors for endothelial dysfunction. Individuals with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and poor COVID-19 outcomes and higher risk of mortality. Old age is a non-modifiable risk factor. All other risk factors are modifiable. This review also identifies dietary risk factors for endothelial dysfunction. Potential dietary …

An Insight Into The Microrna Profile Of The Ectoparasitic Mite Varroa Destructor (Acari: Varroidae), The Primary Vector Of Honey Bee Deformed Wing Virus, Deepak Kumar, Mohamed Alburaki, Faizan Tahir, Michael Goblirsch, John Adamczyk, Shahid Karim

Faculty Publications

The remarkably adaptive mite Varroa destructor is the most important honey bee ectoparasite. Varroa mites are competent vectors of deformed wing virus (DWV), and the Varroa-virus complex is a major determinant of annual honey bee colony mortality and collapse. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22-24 nucleotide non-coding RNAs produced by all plants and animals and some viruses that influence biological processes through post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Knowledge of miRNAs and their function in mite biology remains limited. Here we constructed small RNA libraries from male and female V. destructor using Illumina’s small RNA-Seq platform. A total of 101,913,208 and 91,904,732 …

Density Dependent Refueling Of Migratory Songbirds During Stopover Within An Urbanizing Coastal Landscape, Emily B. Cohen, Jill M. Lafleur, Frank R. Moore

Faculty Publications

Refueling performance is the primary currency of a successful migration as birds must maintain energy stores to achieve an optimal travel schedule. Migrating birds can anticipate heightened energy demand, not to mention increased uncertainty that energy demands will be satisfied, especially within an urbanizing landscape following long-distance flights. We tested the expectation that refueling performance of songbirds is reduced as densities increase at stopover sites in an urbanizing coastline of the Gulf of Mexico. We measured the density of migrating birds, their refueling performance, and arthropod abundance in two large tracts of contiguous forest paired with two small isolated patches …

The Relationship Between Dietary Intake And Sleep Quality In Endurance Athletes, Kamiah Moss, Yan Zhang, Andreas Kreutzer, Austin J. Graybeal, Ryan R. Porter, Robyn Braun-Trocchio, Meena Shah

Faculty Publications

Many endurance athletes have poor sleep quality which may affect performance and health. It is unclear how dietary intake affects sleep quality among athletes. We examined if sleep quality in endurance athletes is associated with consumption of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, dairy milk, and caffeinated beverages. Two hundred thirty-four endurance athletes (39.5 ± 14.1 year) participated in a survey. Participants provided information on demographics, anthropometry, sleep behavior and quality, and dietary intake via questionnaires. Sleep quality was assessed using the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) with a global score (ASSQ-global) and subscales including sleep difficulty (ASSQ-SD), chronotype (ASSQ-C), and disordered …

American Heart Association Epi|Lifestyle Scientific Sessions: 2021 Meeting Highlights, Ruth Alma Turkson-Ocran, Kathryn Foti, Anika L. Hines, Debora Kamin Mukaz, Hyunju Kim, Samantha Martin, Anum Minhas, Faye L. Norby, Oluwabunmi Ogungbe, Alexander C. Razavi, Mary R. Rooney, Elisabeth L.P. Sattler, Jewel Scott Phd, Rn, Fnp-C, Alvin G. Thomas, Curtis Tilves, Amelia S. Wallace, Frances M. Wang, Mingyu Zhang, Pamela L. Lutsey, Kristie J. Lancaster

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Revisiting Proactive And Reactive Pathways To Resilience Among Cism-Trained Responders And General Population Participants: Mechanisms That Contribute To Building Overall Psychological Body Armortm, Harvey J. Burnett Jr., Justine Jaeger, Kristen R. Witzel, Karl G. D. Bailey

Faculty Publications

Two previous studies by Burnett and colleagues found preliminary support for several innate well-being and behavioral variables that contribute to one’s Psychological Body Armor’sTM (PBA), which is comprised of two unique interacting pathways (proactive and reactive resilience) among trained disaster mental health responders and the general population. This study sought to improve, expand, and replicate the findings of these two studies. Data was collected from 509 Amazon Mechanical Turk workers and 343 trained novice and experienced disaster mental health crisis intervention responders, who were general members of the International Critical Incident Stress Foundation or the Michigan Crisis Response Association, eight …

Longitudinal Association Of Biological Maturation With Physical Activity Behaviors In Girls Transitioning From 5th To 7th Grade, Russell R. Pate, Marsha Dowda Ph.D., Rod L. Dishman, Joseph Gorab, Agnes Bucko, Ruth P. Saunders Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Introduction

This longitudinal study determined if social cognitive variables influence physical activity in girls stratified on the basis of maturity status.

Methods

Participants attended South Carolina public schools (Mage in 5th grade = 11.1 years) and included a cohort of 529 girls who provided physical activity data in the 5th grade and in 6th and/or 7th grade. The measure of maturity status was age at peak height velocity (APHV) estimated from maturity offset when the children were in the 5th grade. The Earlier Maturity (EM) group included girls whose APHV was one standard deviation or more below the mean APHV …

Initial Soil Conditions Outweigh Management In A Cool-Season Dairy Farm's Carbon Sequestration Potential, Kyle A. Arndt, Eleanor E. Campbell, Chris D. Dorich, A. Stuart Grandy, Timothy S. Griffin, Peter Ingraham, Apryl L. Perry, Ruth K. Varner, Alexandra R. Contosta

Faculty Publications

Pastures and rangelands are a dominant portion of global agricultural land and have the potential to sequester carbon (C) in soils, mitigating climate change. Management intensive grazing (MIG), or high density grazing with rotations through paddocks with long rest periods, has been highlighted as a method of enhancing soil C in pastures by increasing forage production. However, few studies have examined the soil C storage potential of pastures under MIG in the northeastern United States, where the dairy industry comprises a large portion of agricultural use and the regional agricultural economy. Here we present a 12-year study conducted in this …

Neural Correlates Of Inhibitory Control And Associations With Cognitive Outcomes In Bangladeshi Children Exposed To Early Adversities, Eileen F. Sullivan, Wanze Xie, Stefania Conte, John E. Richards, Talat Shama, Rashidul Haque, William A. Petri, Charles A. Nelson

Faculty Publications

There is strong support for the view that children growing up in low-income homes typically evince poorer performance on tests of inhibitory control compared to those growing up in higher income homes. Unfortunately, the vast majority of the work documenting this association has been conducted in high-income countries. It is not yet known whether the mechanisms found to mediate this association would generalize to children in low- and middle-income countries, where the risks of exposure to extreme poverty and a wide range of both biological and psychosocial hazards may be greater. We examined relations among early adversity, neural correlates of …

The Ability Of Resveratrol To Attenuate Ovalbumin-Mediated Allergic Asthma Is Associated With Changes In Microbiota Involving The Gut-Lung Axis, Enhanced Barrier Function And Decreased Inflammation In The Lungs, Prakash Nagarkatti, Esraah Alharris, Hasan Alghetaa, Juhua Zhou, Mitzi Nagarkatti

Faculty Publications

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease highly prevalent worldwide. Recent studies have suggested a role for microbiome-associated gut–lung axis in asthma development. In the current study, we investigated if Resveratrol (RES), a plant-based polyphenol, can attenuate ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine allergic asthma, and if so, the role of microbiome in the gut–lung axis in this process. We found that RES attenuated allergic asthma with significant improvements in pulmonary functions in OVA-exposed mice when tested using plethysmography for frequency (F), mean volume (MV), specific airway resistance (sRaw), and delay time(dT). RES treatment also suppressed inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. RES modulated lung …

Diet Quality Scores And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In Mexican Children And Adolescents: A Longitudinal Analysis, Abeer Ali Aljahdali, Karen E. Peterson, Alejandra Cantoral, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Martha M. Tellez-Rojo, Hyungjin Myra Kim, James R. Hébert Scd, Michael David Wirth Msph, Phd, Face, Libni A. Torres-Olascoaga, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Ana Baylin

Faculty Publications

There is limited evidence for the effects of diet on cardiometabolic profiles during the pubertal transition. We collected repeated measures of diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors among Mexican youth. This analysis included 574 offspring of the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) birth cohort followed up to three time points. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMedDiet), and Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII^TM) scores were computed from food frequency questionnaires. Higher DASH and aMedDiet scores reflect a higher diet quality, and lower C-DII scores reflect an anti-inflammatory diet. Cardiometabolic risk factors …

Patients With Obesity And A History Of Metformin Treatment Have Lower Influenza Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Tammy H. Cummings, Joseph Magagnoli Ph.D., Ms, James W. Hardin, S. Scott Sutton

Faculty Publications

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of influenza by leading to a chronic inflammatory state and T-cell dysfunction. Based upon preclinical research, metformin has influenza activity by restoring T-cell function and improving the immune response. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the potential drug repurposing of metformin for the management of influenza among patients with obesity utilizing national claims data in an electronic health record database. Methods: The VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI) was utilized to obtain individual-level information on demographics, administrative claims, and pharmacy dispensation. A cohort was created among individuals with laboratory confirmed diagnosis of …

Does A School Snack Make A Difference? An Evaluation Of The World Food Programme Emergency School Feeding Programme In Lebanon Among Lebanese And Syrian Refugee Children, Zeina Jamaluddine, Chaza Akik, Gloria Safadi, Sara Abou Fakher, Nehmat El-Helou, Soha Moussa, Dominique Anid, Hala Ghattas Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Objective: To investigate the effects of providing a daily healthy school snack on children's nutritional, social and educational outcomes and explore stakeholders' perceptions of an emergency school feeding programme (SFP). Design: Convergence triangulation mixed-methods study design. Associations were examined between receiving the school feeding intervention and children's outcomes using multivariable regression models. Quantitative data were complemented with interviews and focus group discussions with parents and staff. Setting: In vulnerable communities in Lebanon, the World Food Programme has implemented an emergency SFP targeting Lebanese (attending morning sessions) and Syrian refugee children (attending afternoon sessions) in public schools. Participants: Children from ten …

Recovery Strategies In Endurance Athletes, Robyn Braun-Trocchio, Austin J. Graybeal, Andreas Kreutzer, Elizabeth Warfield, Jessica Renteria, Kaitlyn Harrison, Ashlynn Williams, Kamiah Moss, Meena Shah

Faculty Publications

In order to achieve optimal performance, endurance athletes need to implement a variety of recovery strategies that are specific to their training and competition. Recovery is a multidimensional process involving physiological, psychological, emotional, social, and behavioral aspects. The purpose of the study was to examine current implementation, beliefs, and sources of information associated with recovery strategies in endurance athletes. Participants included 264 self-identified endurance athletes (male = 122, female = 139) across 11 different sports including placing top three overall in competition (em>n= 55) and placing in the top three in their age group or division (n = …

Foods And Beverages Provided In Out Of School Hours Care Services: An Observational Study, Ruth K. Crowe, Yasmine C. Probst, Jennifer A. Norman, Susan E. Furber, Rebecca M. Stanley, Sarah T. Ryan, Cecilia Vuong, Megan L. Hammersley, Karen Wardle, Lisa Franco, Michael Beets Med, Mph, Phd, Robert Weaver Med, Phd, Marc Davis, Christine Innes-Hughes, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Out of school hours care (OSHC) is a fastgrowing childcare setting in Australia, however the types of foods and beverages ofered are relatively unknown. This study describes the food and beverages ofered and inves‑ tigates sectorlevel and settinglevel factors which may impact OSHC in meeting the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG). Methods: This crosssectional, observational study was conducted in 89 OSHC services (between 2018 and 2019). Food and beverages ofered, kitchen facilities and menus were captured via direct observation. Foods were cat‑ egorised into fve food groups or discretionary foods, based on the ADG, and frequencies determined. Short inter‑ views …

Diet Quality And Dietary Inflammatory Index Score Among Women’S Cancer Survivors, Sibylle Kranz, Faten Hasan, Erin Kennedy, Jamie Zoellner, Kristin A. Guertin, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., James R. Hébert, Roger Anderson, Wendy Cohn

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) and Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) scores in women's cancer survivors and to examine socio-economic (SES) characteristics associated with these two diet indices. In this cross-sectional study, survivors of women's cancers completed a demographic questionnaire and up to three 24-h dietary recalls. HEI-2015 and E-DII scores were calculated from average intakes. One-way ANOVA was used to examine the association of various demographic factors on HEI-2015 and E-DII scores. Pearson Correlation was used to calculate the correlation between the two scores. The average HEI-2015 score was 55.0 +/- …

Specificity Matters: Unpacking Impact Pathways Of Individual Interventions Within Bundled Packages Helps Interpret The Limited Impacts Of A Maternal Nutrition Intervention In India, Shivani Kachwaha, Phuong H. Nguyen, Lan Mai Tran, Rasmi Avula, Melissa F. Young, Sebanti Ghosh, Thomas Forissier, Jessica Escobar-Alegria, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: To address gaps in coverage and quality of nutrition services, Alive & Thrive (A&T) strengthened the delivery of maternal nutrition interventions through government antenatal care (ANC) services in Uttar Pradesh, India. The impact evaluation of the A&T interventions compared intensive ANC (I-ANC) with standard ANC (S-ANC) areas and found modest impacts on micronutrient supplementation, dietary diversity, and weight-gain monitoring. OBJECTIVES: This study examined intervention-specific program impact pathways (PIPs) and identified reasons for limited impacts of the A&T maternal nutrition intervention package. METHODS: We used mixed methods: frontline worker (FLW) surveys (n = ∼500), counseling observations (n = 407), and …

Differential Effects Of Exercise Programs On Neuregulin 4, Body Composition And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In Men With Obesity, Terence Moriarty, Ayoub Saeidi, Sevda R. Shishvan, Mohammad Soltani, Fatemeh Tarazi, Patricia K. Doyle-Baker, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, Shirin S. Mollabashi, Nikoo Khosravi, Ismail Laher, Kelly E. Johnson, Trishia A. Vandusseldorp

Faculty Publications

Background: Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is an adipokine that is sensitive to energy expenditure and with a potential role in metabolic homeostasis and obesity. This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of three different exercise training protocols on Nrg4 levels, cardiometabolic risk factors, and body composition parameters in men with obesity. Methods: Sixty adult men with obesity (Mean ± SD; age: 27.60 ± 8.4 yrs.; height: 168.4 ± 2.6 cm; weight: 96.7 ± 7.2 kg) were randomly allocated into four equal (n = 15) groups: High- Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Circuit Resistance Training (CRT), Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) or …