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Neuropoietin Activates Stat3 Independent Of Lifr Activation In Adipocytes, Ursula A. White, Jacqueline M. Stephens Jan 2010

Neuropoietin Activates Stat3 Independent Of Lifr Activation In Adipocytes, Ursula A. White, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Neuropoietin (NP) is a member of the gp130 cytokine family that is closely related to cardiotrophin-1(CT-1) and shares functional and structural features with other family members, including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC). Studies have shown that NPcan play a role in the development of the nervous system, as well as affect adipogenesis and fat cell function. However, the signaling mechanisms utilized by NP in adipocytes have not been examined. In our present studies, we demonstrate that NP-induced activation of STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation is independent of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) phosphorylation and degradation. Although it is widely …

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Nuclear Actin-Related Proteins At The Core Of Epigenetic Control, Richard B. Meagher, Muthugapatti K. Kandasamy, Aaron P. Smith, Elizabeth C. Mckinney Jan 2010

Nuclear Actin-Related Proteins At The Core Of Epigenetic Control, Richard B. Meagher, Muthugapatti K. Kandasamy, Aaron P. Smith, Elizabeth C. Mckinney

Faculty Publications

Nuclear Actin-Related Proteins (ARPs) and actin combine as heterodimers to bind a large helicase subunit and form a core complex essential to the assembly and function of most chromatin remodeling and modifying machines. They are the most common shared subunits of these large and diverse assemblies in eukaryotes. We recently argued that most nuclear ARPs evolved directly from actin prior to the divergence of the eukaryotic kingdoms and did not evolve from pre-existing ARPs.2 Arabidopsis plants defective in nuclear ARP4, ARP5, ARP6 or ARP7 have extreme developmental phenotypes. Our recent publication demonstrates that ARP5-defective plants are not only dwarfed and …

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Silicon Fertilization Affects Growth Of Hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid Liners, Wagner A. Vendrame, Aaron J. Palmateer, Ania Pinares, Kimberly A. Moore, Lawrence E. Datnoff Jan 2010

Silicon Fertilization Affects Growth Of Hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid Liners, Wagner A. Vendrame, Aaron J. Palmateer, Ania Pinares, Kimberly A. Moore, Lawrence E. Datnoff

Faculty Publications

Experiments were conducted during two different time periods to determine if hybrid phalaenopsis orchid (Phalaenopsis spp.) liners accumulate silicon (Si) and if this element can affect liner growth. A total of 800 liners were evaluated and Si fertilization was performed by applying potassium silicate (KSiO3) as a drench with three treatments (0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% v/v) and a control (water, no Si fertilization). The application of KSiO3 affected overall growth of phalaenopsis orchid liners, where Si content of the plant ranged from 0.5% to 1.7%. Overall, Si applied at 0.5% and 1.0% increased fresh weight and dry weight (DW) and …

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Chitosan On The Postharvest Control Of Soft Rot In 'Rama Forte' Persimmon, Patrícia Cia, Eliane Aparecida Benato, Sérgio Florentino Pascholati, Ely Oliveira Garcia Jan 2010

Chitosan On The Postharvest Control Of Soft Rot In 'Rama Forte' Persimmon, Patrícia Cia, Eliane Aparecida Benato, Sérgio Florentino Pascholati, Ely Oliveira Garcia

Faculty Publications

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of chitosan in addition to de-astringency process on the control of Rhizopus stolonifer in 'Rama Forte' persimmon and on in vitro mycelial growth. Persimmon were submitted to de-astringency process using CO2 (70% / 18 h), in hermetic chambers. Next, fruit were inoculated through subcuticular injections of a R. stolonifer spore suspension (3x105 spore mL-1) and 2 hours later at 25 °C immersed into chitosan (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%), for 1 min. Fruit were stored at 25 °C / 80% RH, and checked for rot severity and incidence of …

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Darwinian Populations And Natural Selection, Grant Ramsey, Hope Hollocher, Agustín Fuentes, Charles H. Pence, Edwin Siu Jan 2010

Darwinian Populations And Natural Selection, Grant Ramsey, Hope Hollocher, Agustín Fuentes, Charles H. Pence, Edwin Siu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Computational Methods For The Analysis Of Primate Mobile Elements, Richard Cordaux, Shurjo K. Sen, Miriam K. Konkel, Mark A. Batzer Jan 2010

Computational Methods For The Analysis Of Primate Mobile Elements, Richard Cordaux, Shurjo K. Sen, Miriam K. Konkel, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

Transposable elements (TE), defined as discrete pieces of DNA that can move from one site to another site in genomes, represent significant components of eukaryotic genomes, including primates. Comparative genome-wide analyses have revealed the considerable structural and functional impact of TE families on primate genomes. Insights into these questions have come in part from the development of computational methods that allow detailed and reliable identification, annotation, and evolutionary analyses of the many TE families that populate primate genomes. Here, we present an overview of these computational methods and describe efficient data mining strategies for providing a comprehensive picture of TE …

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Laboratory Methods For The Analysis Of Primate Mobile Elements, David A. Ray, Kyudong Han, Jerilyn A. Walker, Mark A. Batzer Jan 2010

Laboratory Methods For The Analysis Of Primate Mobile Elements, David A. Ray, Kyudong Han, Jerilyn A. Walker, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

Mobile elements represent a unique and powerful set of tools for understanding the variation in a genome. Methods exist not only to utilize the polymorphisms among and within taxa to various ends but also to investigate the mechanism through which mobilization occurs. The number of methods to accomplish these ends is ever growing. Here, we present several protocols designed to assay mobile element-based variation within and among individual genomes. © 2010 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC.

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Morse Theory And Conjugacy Classes Of Finite Subgroups Ii, Noel Brady, Matt Clay, Pallavi Dani Jan 2010

Morse Theory And Conjugacy Classes Of Finite Subgroups Ii, Noel Brady, Matt Clay, Pallavi Dani

Faculty Publications

We construct a hyperbolic group containing a finitely presented subgroup, which has infinitely many conjugacy classes of finite-order elements. We also use a version of Morse theory with high dimensional horizontal cells and use handle cancellation arguments to produce other examples of subgroups of CAT(0) groups with infinitely many conjugacy classes of finite-order elements. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Undecidability And The Problem Of Outcomes In Quantum Measurements, Rodolfo Gambini, Luis Pedro García Pintos, Jorge Pullin Jan 2010

Undecidability And The Problem Of Outcomes In Quantum Measurements, Rodolfo Gambini, Luis Pedro García Pintos, Jorge Pullin

Faculty Publications

We argue that it is fundamentally impossible to recover information about quantum superpositions when a quantum system has interacted with a sufficiently large number of degrees of freedom of the environment. This is due to the fact that gravity imposes fundamental limitations on how accurate measurements can be. This leads to the notion of undecidability: there is no way to tell, due to fundamental limitations, if a quantum system evolved unitarily or suffered wavefunction collapse. This in turn provides a solution to the problem of outcomes in quantum measurement by providing a sharp criterion for defining when an event has …

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Factor Analysis And Sreg Gge Biplot For The Genotype × Environment Interaction Stratification In Maize, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Glauco Vieira Miranda, Rodrigo Oliveira Delima, Heraldo Namorato De Souza Jan 2010

Factor Analysis And Sreg Gge Biplot For The Genotype × Environment Interaction Stratification In Maize, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Glauco Vieira Miranda, Rodrigo Oliveira Delima, Heraldo Namorato De Souza

Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of SREG GGE biplot methodology and factor analysis to stratify the genotype×environment interaction in maize. Forty-nine early maize hybrids were evaluated in nine environments. The experimental design used was a 7×7 square lattice with two replicates. Each plot consisted of two 5m long rows spaced 0.90m apart. Grain yield data were used to perform the analysis. The results indicated the existence of two mega-environments in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, for early maize hybrids. The stratification of the environment by factor analysis was more selective to join the similarity …

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Coastal Roots: Connecting Students With Sustainability In Mississippi And Louisiana, Christine E.H. Coker, Gary Bachman, Chris Boyd, Pamela B. Blanchard, Ed Bush, Mengmeng Gu Jan 2010

Coastal Roots: Connecting Students With Sustainability In Mississippi And Louisiana, Christine E.H. Coker, Gary Bachman, Chris Boyd, Pamela B. Blanchard, Ed Bush, Mengmeng Gu

Faculty Publications

The Coastal Roots School Seedling Nursery Program for Habitat Restoration was initiated by Louisiana State University in 2000 in cooperation with Louisiana Sea Grant. The program enhances learning areas such as plant growth, wetland issues, conservation, and hands-on habitat restoration, and includes the installation of a small container nursery for the production of coastal plants in schoolyards. The program was adopted by Mississippi State University's Coastal Research and Extension Center in 2008. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the program as well as Mississippi's plans to adapt the Louisiana model to demonstrate teaching by example …

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Transition-Metal Ion Exchange Using Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Oligomers As Solvents, Gina M. Canfield, Michael Bizimis, Susan E. Latturner Jan 2010

Transition-Metal Ion Exchange Using Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Oligomers As Solvents, Gina M. Canfield, Michael Bizimis, Susan E. Latturner

Faculty Publications

Poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers have been found to be effective as alternative solvents for the ion exchange of Mn2þ , Fe2 þ , and Co2þ into hydrated and dehydrated Zeolite X (Na80Al80Si112- O384 3 nH2O). When attempted in aqueous solutions, the exchange of these cations quickly leads to destruction of the zeolite structure within 1-2 exchange cycles. However, in PEG oligomer solvents, the structure can be maintained and exchanges of 48% (Co2þ ), 80% (Mn2þ ), and 91% (Fe2þ ) are observed after one cycle under hydrated conditions. When rigorous steps are taken to remove all water from the zeolite before …

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From Arms Race To Marketplace: The Complex Patent Ecosystem And Its Implications For The Patent System, Colleen Chien Jan 2010

From Arms Race To Marketplace: The Complex Patent Ecosystem And Its Implications For The Patent System, Colleen Chien

Faculty Publications

For years, high-tech companies have amassed patents in order to deter patent litigation. Recently, a secondary market for patents has flourished, making it more likely that patents that would otherwise sit on the shelf will end up in the courtroom. This Article explores the current patent ecosystem, which includes both “arms race” and “marketplace” paradigms, in depth. I distinguish “patent-assertion entities,” entities that use patents primarily to obtain license fees rather than to support the development or transfer of technology, from other types of non-practicing entities. I contrast the patent arms race, whose goal is to provide entities with the …

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Sorry Seems To Be The Hardest Word: The Fair Sentencing Act Of 2010, Crack, And Methamphetamine, Kyle Graham Jan 2010

Sorry Seems To Be The Hardest Word: The Fair Sentencing Act Of 2010, Crack, And Methamphetamine, Kyle Graham

Faculty Publications

This Essay considers the circumstances that led to the enactment of the Fair Sentencing Act of 2010, which increased the quantities of crack cocaine necessary to implicate mandatory minimum prison sentences for federal drug trafficking crimes, and considers whether the Act might facilitate re-evaluation of the penalty scheme applicable to methamphetamine.

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Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze And Its Consequences, Eric Goldman Jan 2010

Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze And Its Consequences, Eric Goldman

Faculty Publications

This Essay explains why Wikipedia will not be able to maintain a credible website while simultaneously letting anyone freely edit it. To date, Wikipedia editors have successfully defended against malicious attacks from spammers and vandals, but as editors turn over, Wikipedia will need to recruit replacements. However, Wikipedia will have difficulty with this recruiting task due to its limited incentives for participation. Faced with a potential labor squeeze, Wikipedia will choose to restrict users’ ability to contribute to the site as a way of preserving site credibility. Wikipedia’s specific configuration choices make it an interesting test case to evaluate the …

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Just Kids: Baltimore’S Youth In The Adult Criminal Justice System, Wendy Hess Jan 2010

Just Kids: Baltimore’S Youth In The Adult Criminal Justice System, Wendy Hess

Faculty Publications

Maryland’s 20 year experiment with the “tough on crime” approach of automatically sending youth into adult criminal courts, jails and prisons for certain offenses has failed. National studies show that youth who are sent to adult facilities go on to commit more—and more violent—crimes than those who received rehabilitative services in the juvenile system. This costs taxpayers much more in the long run. Automatically charging youth as adults has been politically popular. But the data shows that when their cases are individually considered, most cases in Baltimore are dismissed or sent back to the juvenile system, raising the question of …

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Raising The Question Of Whether Out-Of-State Political Contributions May Affect A Small State's Political Autonomy: A Case Study Of The South Dakota Voter Referendum On Abortion, Patrick Garry, Derek A. Nelson, Candice J. Spurlin Jan 2010

Raising The Question Of Whether Out-Of-State Political Contributions May Affect A Small State's Political Autonomy: A Case Study Of The South Dakota Voter Referendum On Abortion, Patrick Garry, Derek A. Nelson, Candice J. Spurlin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Crisis Informatics: Introduction, Christine Hagar Jan 2010

Crisis Informatics: Introduction, Christine Hagar

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Building Legitimacy For It Innovations: The Case Of Computerized Physician Order Entry Systems, Evgeny Kaganer, Suzanne D. Pawlowski, Sonja Wiley-Patton Jan 2010

Building Legitimacy For It Innovations: The Case Of Computerized Physician Order Entry Systems, Evgeny Kaganer, Suzanne D. Pawlowski, Sonja Wiley-Patton

Faculty Publications

Research on IT innovations has largely relied on economic-rationalistic models and focused on individuals or organizations as the unit of analysis. The intent of this paper is to advance an alternative research agenda that explores the institutional underpinnings of IT innovation diffusion at the inter-organizational level. Through a multistage research study, we examine the legitimation function of organizing visions for IT innovations and develop a taxonomy of legitimation strategies employed by the proponents of an IT innovation. We first built a preliminary theoretical framework that synthesizes key arguments on legitimacy drawn from the organization theory and IS literatures. Next, we …

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New Governance, Preemptive Self-Regulation, And The Blurring Of Boundaries In Regulatory Theory And Practice, Jason M. Solomon Jan 2010

New Governance, Preemptive Self-Regulation, And The Blurring Of Boundaries In Regulatory Theory And Practice, Jason M. Solomon

Faculty Publications

In the literature on "new governance" forms of regulation, the blurring of traditional boundaries is a pervasive but largely implicit theme. This Article makes this theme explicit, and argues that the capacity to blur boundaries is one of new governance's signature strengths. New governance regulation frequently blurs the roles of regulatory actors, the stages of regulation, the modes of regulation, the functions of a regulatory regime; and the structure of the regulatory regime. The Article applies this lens to a series of case studies, and demonstrates how industry attempts at preemptive self-regulation have created opportunities where new governance forms of …

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The Grammar Of Trademarks, Laura A. Heymann Jan 2010

The Grammar Of Trademarks, Laura A. Heymann

Faculty Publications

How do people talk when they talk about trademarks? If trademarks have
become, as linguist Geoffrey Nunberg suggests, our “new global tongue,”
perhaps we should pay greater attention to the grammar we use when we
talk about them. We use “Coke” to refer to the Coca-Cola beverage in the
North, and “coke” to refer to any kind of soda in the South, yet we still
manage to get the drinks we desire. We use trademarks as verbs—we
“xerox” a document or “tivo” a television program—without losing sight
of the fact that “Xerox” and “TiVo” are brands of particular products.
We …

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How Being A Teaching Artist Can Influence K-12 Art Education, Mark Graham, Susan Goetz Zwirn Jan 2010

How Being A Teaching Artist Can Influence K-12 Art Education, Mark Graham, Susan Goetz Zwirn

Faculty Publications

Many K-12 art teachers have rich artistic backgrounds and continue to be active as artists in spite of the challenges of time, energy, and stereotypes that insist a real artist would not teach. This article describes a research project that examined the educational dynamic engendered by teachers who are also artists. We interviewed and observed teachers to explore how teachers’ personal artistry and artistic activities beyond school contributed to their teaching in school. It was clear that some teaching artists changed the educational dynamic of the classroom in ways that invigorated both the content and practice of teaching and learning. …

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The Impact Of L2 Dialect On Learning French Vowels: Native English Speakers Learning Que´Be´Cois And European French, Wendy Baker-Smemoe, Laura Catharine Smith Jan 2010

The Impact Of L2 Dialect On Learning French Vowels: Native English Speakers Learning Que´Be´Cois And European French, Wendy Baker-Smemoe, Laura Catharine Smith

Faculty Publications

This article examines how a second language (L2) dialect affects how accurately the L2 is perceived and produced. Specifically, the study examined differences between the production and perception of French vowels /i/, /y/, and /u/ by learners of either Quebec French (QF) or European French (EF). These vowels differ across the two varieties, both acoustically and because of assibilation of /t-d/ before /i-y/ for QF versus EF. As a result of these differences, QF has an additional acoustic cue with which to contrast /u/ and /i-y/. Anglophone learners of QF or EF were asked to identify and discriminate both QF …

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A Sub-Grid, Mixture–Fraction-Based Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model For Gas Phase Combustion In Firetec: Development And Results, Michael M. Clark, Thomas H. Fletcher, Rodman R. Linn Jan 2010

A Sub-Grid, Mixture–Fraction-Based Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model For Gas Phase Combustion In Firetec: Development And Results, Michael M. Clark, Thomas H. Fletcher, Rodman R. Linn

Faculty Publications

The chemical processes of gas phase combustion in wildland fires are complex and occur at length-scales that are not resolved in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of landscape-scale wildland fire. A new approach for modelling fire chemistry in HIGRAD/FIRETEC (a landscape-scale CFD wildfire model) applies a mixture–fraction model relying on thermodynamic chemical equilibrium to predict combustion flame temperatures and product species compositions. The mixture–fraction approach is common in combustor modelling applications. However, since individual flame sheets are not resolved in HIGRAD/FIRETEC, application of the mixture–fraction approach requires the development of a sub-grid model, which is based on the two assumptions …

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Evaluating E-Learning, D D Williams, Charles R. Graham Jan 2010

Evaluating E-Learning, D D Williams, Charles R. Graham

Faculty Publications

Technological innovations have spurred exponential use of electronic resources for learners of all ages over the last decade. These global developments also require continual advancement of electronic e-learning evaluation. Evaluation is the process of clarifying what should be and comparing that to what is, to facilitate evaluative decisions about success and ways to achieve it. This article outlines a process for doing evaluations of e-learning and identifies common critical-evaluation elements. An extended case vignette of an e-learning evaluation and references to others and related literature illustrate the use of these critical elements and associated emerging results.

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Trustworthiness, Governance, And Wealth Creation, Cam Caldwell, Mark H. Hansen Jan 2010

Trustworthiness, Governance, And Wealth Creation, Cam Caldwell, Mark H. Hansen

Faculty Publications

Although trustworthiness has been described as a source of competitive advantage, its value extends to organizational governance and wealth creation. We identify the importance of the commitment–compliance continuum in the decision to trust and note that trustworthiness is a subjective perception viewed through each person’s mediating lens. That lens and each person’s interpretation of the social contract impact one’s commitment to cooperate. We suggest five propositions that integrate trustworthiness, governance, and wealth creation.

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Why Do Firms Go Public?, James C. Brau Jan 2010

Why Do Firms Go Public?, James C. Brau

Faculty Publications

Why entrepreneurs choose to conduct an IPO has received relatively little attention when compared to other IPO topics such as initial underpricing and the long-run performance of IPOs. In this chapter, I summarize, analyze, and expand the current discussion on why firms go public. I begin by discussing the theoretical underpinnings and testable hypotheses offered thus far in the academic literature. I then discuss the empirical evidence for (and against) each of these potential explanations after presenting the intuition behind them. I focus on two types of empirical research: a) large-sample publicly-available financial and stock data and b) proprietary surveydata. …

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Why Does The Law Of One Price Fail? An Experiment On Index Mutual Funds, James J. Choi, Xavier Gabaix, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian Jan 2010

Why Does The Law Of One Price Fail? An Experiment On Index Mutual Funds, James J. Choi, Xavier Gabaix, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian

Faculty Publications

Experimental subjects review four S&P 500 index fund prospectuses and then allocate $10,000 across those funds. We randomly select subjects to be paid for their subsequent portfolio performance. Subjects cannot access any non-portfolio services such as financial advice from their selected funds. Nevertheless, they overwhelmingly fail to minimize their index fund fees. When we make fund fees salient and transparent, subjects’ portfolios shift towards lower-fee index funds, but over 80% still do not invest all of their money in the lowest-fee fund. When funds’ annualized returns since inception are made salient, portfolios shift towards index funds with higher returns since …

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The Impact Of 401(K) Loans On Saving, John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian Jan 2010

The Impact Of 401(K) Loans On Saving, John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian

Faculty Publications

Although the popular press and politicians often describe 401(k) loans as a problem, classical economic theory has a more benign view. Loans from a 401(k) can relax liquidity constraints and increase household utility. Moreover, loan provisions may have the subtle effect of raising net asset accumulation by making 401(k) participation more appealing: employees who can access their 401(k) assets if they need them may be willing to put more money into an otherwise illiquid 401(k) account. Our research suggests that 401(k) loans are neither a blessing nor a bogeyman. Conditional on borrowing to finance consumption, we show that a 401(k) …

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Talk Loudly And Carry A Small Stick: The Supreme Court And Enemy Combatants, Neal Devins Jan 2010

Talk Loudly And Carry A Small Stick: The Supreme Court And Enemy Combatants, Neal Devins

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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