Digital Commons Network^™

Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Adolescent And Young Adult Males With Fragile X Syndrome, Jessica Klusek, Shannon L. O'Connor, Alexandra Hickey, Kimberly J. Hills, Leonard Abbeduto, Jane E. Roberts

Faculty Publications

This study characterized the rates of rates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescent and young adult males with fragile X syndrome (FXS) using a multi-method approach integrating a DSM-based parent interview (Children’s Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes; P-ChIPS, Fristad et al., 1998) and a parent rating scale (Child Behavior Checklist; CBCL, Achenbach, 2001). Thirty-one males with FXS, aged 16-24 years, participated. Forty-two percent met DSM-5 criteria for ADHD and 35% exceeded the CBCL cut-offs. Agreement between the two classification methods was fair (κ=0.38). Autism symptom severity and nonverbal cognitive ability did not predict ADHD diagnoses/symptoms. Results show …

Key Stakeholder Perspectives On Challenges And Opportunities For Rural Hpv Vaccination In North And South Carolina, Laura J. Fish, Sayward Harrison, Jodi-Ann Mcdonald, Valerie Yelverton, Charnetta Williams, Emmanuel B. Walter, Lavanya Vasudevan

Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to identify factors at the individual, provider, and systems levels that serve as challenges or opportunities for increasing adolescent vaccination—including Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination—in rural communities in the southern United States (US). As part of a broader study to increase HPV vaccine uptake in the southern US, we conducted in-depth interviews with vaccination stakeholders representing public health and education agencies in North Carolina (NC) and South Carolina (SC). Fourteen key stakeholders were recruited using purposive sampling to obtain insights into challenges and solutions to rural-urban disparities in HPV vaccination coverage. Stakeholders were also queried …

Key Stakeholder Perspectives On Challenges And Opportunities For Rural Hpv Vaccination In North And South Carolina, Laura J. Fish, Sayward Harrison, Jodi-Ann Mcdonald, Valerie Yelverton, Charnetta Williams, Emmanuel B. Walter, Lavanya Vasudevan

Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to identify factors at the individual, provider, and systems levels that serve as challenges or opportunities for increasing adolescent vaccination—including Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination—in rural communities in the southern United States (US). As part of a broader study to increase HPV vaccine uptake in the southern US, we conducted in-depth interviews with vaccination stakeholders representing public health and education agencies in North Carolina (NC) and South Carolina (SC). Fourteen key stakeholders were recruited using purposive sampling to obtain insights into challenges and solutions to rural-urban disparities in HPV vaccination coverage. Stakeholders were also queried …

Designing Moocs With Little, Hengtao Tang, Yingxiao Qian Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have been touted as a disruptive innovation with a low-cost and flexible option for opening up higher education. However, existing barriers of MOOCs such as a low retention rate and a low forum participation rate have limited their capacity of serving learners. To strengthen the potential of MOOCs, a compelling design that enables an effective learning experience is needed. This article is aimed to propose a series of design guidelines for MOOCs, namely the LITTLE, as a preliminary design framework for an effective MOOC. The LITTLE includes guidelines such as learner-centered, inquiry-based, technology-enriched, trophy-driven, literature-guided, …

Social Capital, Urbanization Level, And Covid-19 Vaccination Uptake In The United States: A National Level Analysis, Shan Qiao, Zhenlong Li, Jiajia Zhang, Xiaowen Sun, Camryn Garrett, Xiaoming Li

Faculty Publications

Vaccination remains the most promising mitigation strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic. However, existing literature shows significant disparities in vaccination uptake in the United States. Using publicly available national-level data, we aimed to explore if county-level social capital can further explain disparities in vaccination uptake rates when adjusting for demographic and social determinants of health (SDOH) variables, and if association between social capital and vaccination uptake may vary by urbanization level. Bivariate analyses and a hierarchical multivariable quasi-binomial regression analysis were conducted, where the regression analysis was stratified by urban–rural status. The current study suggests that social capital contributes significantly to …

Do We Trust The Government? Attributes Of Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy And Acceptance In Nigeria, Osmond C. Ekwebelem, Helen Onyeaka, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph. D., Taghi Miri, Yahwedalu M. Onwuneme, Ayeni T. Eunice, Amara Anyogu, Bright Obi, Ngwogu Ada Carol

Faculty Publications

Objectives:

A significant percentage of the population must be vaccinated to achieve herd immunity. Therefore the success of a vaccination program relies on the level of acceptance. This present study seeks to understand COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in Nigeria by assessing the public's willingness to get vaccinated.

Study design:

This is a population-based cross-sectional study. Data were derived through a structured online survey.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult residents in Nigeria in March 2021 using a structured online questionnaire. The questionnaire surveyed participants' demographic characteristics and perception of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccine. Descriptive statistics and …

A Discrete Choice Experiment Investigating Hiv Testing Preferences In South Africa, P. Chiwire, A. C. Muhlbacher, S. M. Evers, H. Mahomed, Jan Ostermann Ph.D., M. Hiligsmann

Faculty Publications

Background

South Africa (SA) has the world’s highest burden of HIV infection, with an estimated 13.7% of the population living with HIV (PLWH/Persons Living With HIV). The early identification of PLWH and rapid engagement of them in HIV treatment are indispensable tools in the fight against HIV transmission. Understanding client preferences for HIV testing may help improve uptake. This study aimed to elicit client preferences for key characteristics of HIV testing options.

Methods

A discrete-choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among individuals presenting for HIV testing at two public primary healthcare facilities in Cape Town, South Africa. Participants were asked to …

The Power Of Listening, Andrea Luxton

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluating The Fit-Effectiveness Of Fabric-Based Reusable Face Masks On 3d Printed Niosh Headforms, Casey Stannard, Charles Freeman, Lesley Strawderman, Meagan Moore, Wayne Newhauser, Reuben Burch, Catherine Black, David Saucier

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exposure To Negative News Stories About Vaping, And Harm Perceptions Of Vaping, Among Youth In England, Canada, And The United States Before And After The Outbreak Of E-Cigarette Or Vaping-Associated Lung Injury (‘Evali’), Katherine East, Jessica L. Reid, Robin Burkhalter, Olivia A. Wackowski, Jim Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms, Harry Tattan-Birch, Christian Boudreau, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Alex C. Liber, Ann Mcneill, David Hammond

Faculty Publications

Introduction

Little is known about the international impact of E-cigarette or Vaping-Associated Lung Injury (‘EVALI’) on youth perceptions of vaping harms. Methods

Repeat cross-sectional online surveys of youth aged 16–19 years in England, Canada, and the United States before (2017, 2018), during (2019 August/September), and after (2020 February/March, 2020 August) the ‘EVALI’ outbreak (N = 63380). Logistic regressions assessed trends, country differences, and associations between exposure to negative news stories about vaping and vaping harm perceptions. Results

Exposure to negative news stories increased between 2017 and February–March 2020 in England (12.6% to 34.2%), Canada (16.7% to 56.9%), and the United …

The Dental Health Of Rural Elderly People And Its Social Justice Implications, Health In The Hills: Understanding The Impact Of Health Care Law In Rural Communities, Jacqueline R. Fox

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ruth Bader Ginsburg's Copyright Jurisprudence, Ryan Vacca, Ann Bartow

Faculty Publications

When Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg died on September 18, 2020, the world lost a trailblazer for gender equality, a pop culture icon, a feisty liberal luminary who fought on behalf of the disenfranchised in the areas of civil rights and social Justice, and an inspiration to millions of people. She will long be remembered for the social changes she helped effectuate as an advocate, scholar, and Jurist.

Her amazing civil rights legacy overshadows other areas where Justice Ginsburg's contributions have been substantial. This Article discusses one of the most interesting: copyright law. During her time as a Jurist on the …

States Can Infringe Upon Your Intellectual Property Rights With Impunity In The Era Of "New Federalism", Homayoon Rafatijo, Dennis D. Crouch

Faculty Publications

Antagonized by half a century of insouciance toward federalism boundaries, the "New Federalism" revival began under Chief Justice Rehnquist. As part of this revival, the Rehnquist Court substantially restrained Congress's authority to regulate commerce, abrogate sovereign immunity, fashion remedies pursuant to Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment, and "commandeer" state officials. The New Federalism has continued in the Roberts Court Era, most recently in a case weighing congressionally enacted copyright policy against the sovereignty of individual states to disregard copyright. In Allen v. Cooper, a unanimous Supreme Court held that Congress's express power under Article I is not a …

The Constitutional Right To An Implicit Bias Jury Instruction, Colin Miller

Faculty Publications

The Supreme Court has gone to great lengths to prevent jurors from holding defendants’ silence against them. In a trilogy of opinions, the Court concluded that when a defendant refrains from testifying, (1) the prosecutor and judge cannot make adverse comments about that decision; (2) the judge can give a “no adverse inference” instruction even over a defense objection; and (3) the judge must give a “no adverse inference” instruction upon a defense request. Conversely, the Court has never ruled that jurors can impeach their verdict based upon jurors holding a defendant’s silence against him, and lower courts have ruled …

The Miseducation Of Public Citizens, Etienne C. Toussaint

Faculty Publications

The American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct calls upon lawyers, as public citizens, to embrace a special responsibility for the quality of justice in the legal profession and in society. Yet, some law professors have historically adopted a formalistic and doctrinally neutral approach to law teaching that elides critical perspectives of law, avoids the intersection of law and politics, and tends to overlook the way law can construct the very social injustices that it seeks to contain. The objective, apolitical, and so-called “colorblind” jurisprudential stance in many law classrooms inflicts intellectual violence upon law students who discover a …

Caffeine Supplementation Strategies Among Endurance Athletes, Andreas Kreutzer, Austin J. Graybeal, Kamiah Moss, Robyn Braun-Trocchio, Meena Shah

Faculty Publications

Caffeine is widely accepted as an endurance-performance enhancing supplement. Most scientific research studies use doses of 3–6 mg/kg of caffeine 60 min prior to exercise based on pharmacokinetics. It is not well understood whether endurance athletes employ similar supplementation strategies in practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate caffeine supplementation protocols among endurance athletes. A survey conducted on Qualtrics returned responses regarding caffeine supplementation from 254 endurance athletes (f = 134, m =120; age = 39.4 ± 13.9 y; pro = 11, current collegiate athlete = 37, recreational = 206; running = 98, triathlon = 83, cycling = …

The Way Lawyers Worked, Michael Risch, Mike Viney

Faculty Publications

Court and litigation operations are opaque in the best of times, and the lack of explanatory Nineteenth Century legal records makes it even more difficult to learn how lawyers and judges went about their business. This may be one of the reasons there are so few accounts detailing the nuts and bolts of 1800s law practice. This Article illuminates the development of litigation and the law in the middle of the Nineteenth Century by examining archival court and Patent Office records. Most accounts of the time focus either on judicial opinions or the relationship of the parties, but few articles …

A Pill's Ransom: Healthcare Liability Litigation For Unnecessary Pelvic Examinations For Birth Control Pills, Bailey D. Barnes

Faculty Publications

Despite some of the modest advances made in reproductive rights and reproductive justice in the twentieth and early-twenty-first century in the United States, many vestiges of paternalism and overregulation of female bodies remain. This Article tackles the issue of the requirement of pelvic exams and Pap smear tests for the prescription of oral contraceptives, otherwise known as the birth control pill ("the Pill"). Though state legislators are somewhat to blame for this exercise of control over female bodies for women to receive access to contraceptives, it is the medical profession itself that is at the core of this ill. Owing …

Evaluating Climatic Influences On The Technical Performance Of Built Infrastructure Assets, Sarah L. Brown, Steven J. Schuldt, Michael N. Grussing, Michael A. Johnson, Justin D. Delorit

Faculty Publications

Asset performance evaluations serve as a benchmark that can be used to make asset manufacturer selection decisions, i.e., choosing the brand of manufacturer that provides the highest performance among all brand competitors. Understanding the environmental conditions to which assets are subjected provides facility managers another data point to understand asset performance. This research builds upon a previously published performance-based manufacturer selection metric by investigating the linkage between asset performance and exposure to local climate, using chiller and air handler data from 20 United States Air Force installations. The link between environmental factors such as Heating Degree Days (HDD); Cooling Degree …

"You're Already Black...": Racially-Informed Care And Intersections Of Gender For Lgbtq African American Children And Youth In Birmingham, Alabama, Stacie Hatfield

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Serving God Across The Divide: A Lesson From Jeremiah, Oliver Glanz

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Transhiphop Pedagogy And Epistemic Disobedience In Senegal, Noella Binda Niati, Payal Pradip Shah Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

This study situates transnégritude within discussions that consider the ways in which young people in Senegal, with a shared transcolonial narrative, bound through an ‘imagined community,’ negotiate their space, their identities, and their ways of knowing through a Hip-Hop pedagogy. Our analysis is informed by Mignolo’s epistemic disobedience and the geo- and body-politics that challenge neo-colonial epistemologies. The global scope of Hip-Hop culture and its manifestations in West Africa nuances the ways in which young people view education and its impact on their social identity. A transnégritude perspective aptly ‘straddles’ black identity, agency, and deconstructionism and allows for a fluid …

A Resilience-Based Intervention To Mitigate The Effect Of Hiv-Related Stigma: Protocol For A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial, Xiaoming Li, Shan Qiao, Xueying Yang, Sayward Harrison, Cheuk Chi Tam, Zhiyong Shen, Yuejiao Zhou

Faculty Publications

Background: Despite decades of global efforts to tackle HIV-related stigma, previous interventions designed to reduce stigma have had limited effects that were typically in the small- to-moderate range. The knowledge gaps and challenges for combating HIV-related stigma are rooted both in the complexity of the stigma and in the limitations of current conceptualizations of stigma reduction efforts. Recent research has shown the promise of resilience-based approaches that focus on the development of strengths, competencies, resources, and capacities of people living with HIV (PLWH) and their key supporting systems (e.g., family members and healthcare providers) to prevent, reduce, and mitigate the …

A Resilience-Based Intervention To Mitigate The Effect Of Hiv-Related Stigma: Protocol For A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Shan Qiao Ph.D., Xueying Yang, Sayward E. Harrison, Cheuk Chi Tam, Zhiyong Shen, Yuejiao Zhou

Faculty Publications

Background: Despite decades of global efforts to tackle HIV-related stigma, previous interventions designed to reduce stigma have had limited effects that were typically in the small- to-moderate range. The knowledge gaps and challenges for combating HIV-related stigma are rooted both in the complexity of the stigma and in the limitations of current conceptualizations of stigma reduction efforts. Recent research has shown the promise of resilience-based approaches that focus on the development of strengths, competencies, resources, and capacities of people living with HIV (PLWH) and their key supporting systems (e.g., family members and healthcare providers) to prevent, reduce, and mitigate the …

Correlational Networking Guides The Discovery Of Unclustered Lanthipeptide Protease-Encoding Genes, Dan Xue, Ethan Older, Zheng Zhong, Zhou Shang, Nanzhu Chen, Nolan Dittenhauser, Lukuan Hou, Peiyan Cai, Michael D. Walla, Shi-Hui Dong, Xiaoyu Tang, Hexin Chen, Prakash Nagarkatti, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Yong-Xin Li, Jie Li

Faculty Publications

Bacterial natural product biosynthetic genes, canonically clustered, have been increasingly found to rely on hidden enzymes encoded elsewhere in the genome for completion of biosynthesis. The study and application of lanthipeptides are frequently hindered by unclustered protease genes required for final maturation. Here, we establish a global correlation network bridging the gap between lanthipeptide precursors and hidden proteases. Applying our analysis to 161,954 bacterial genomes, we establish 5209 correlations between precursors and hidden proteases, with 91 prioritized. We use network predictions and co-expression analysis to reveal a previously missing protease for the maturation of class I lanthipeptide paenilan. We further …

For Every Rat Killed, Etienne C. Toussaint

Faculty Publications

If my grandmother had survived the sickness of old age and were alive to witness the economic injustices wrought by capitalist culture, what would she think? If my grandmother were alive to observe familiar technologies for exterminating household pests—surveil-lance, capture, imprisonment, disposal—being increasingly aimed toward low-income Black communities, what would she believe? If my grandmother were alive to discover, in the palm of her hands, a digital platform for spreading information (and misinformation) to the masses and painting new futures into the minds of lawmakers and politicians, what would she say?

Studies have shown that low-income individuals are more likely …

Increasing Patron’S Outreach And Engagement Through Relationship Marketing: A Case Study, Margaret Adeogun

Faculty Publications

Increased diversity, demographics, and population shifts in higher education have led many academic libraries to reexamine their marketing efforts and adopt strategies that promote relationships and inclusivity. This requirement has become more prominent among libraries serving a highly diverse user community, particularly in a more racially and ethnically diverse campus. Adopting a marketing model that cultivates more meaningful long-term relationships with customers ensures long-term satisfaction and loyalty to the library brand. Using marketing and promotional examples from the James White Library, this article addresses the academic library’s relationship marketing strategy in an increasingly multicultural higher education environment.

What Will And Won’T Happen When Abortion Is Banned, Michelle Oberman

Faculty Publications

For the past fifty years, abortion opponents have fought for the power to ban abortion without little attention to how things might change when they won. The battle to make abortion illegal has been predicated on three nebulous assumptions about how abortion bans work. First, supporters believe banning abortion will deter it. Second, they hope bans will send a message about abortion—specifically, that abortion is immoral. And third, they expect bans to be competently implemented and enforced.

Drawing on empirical work from within and outside of the U.S., this Article offers an evidence-based assessment of each of these assumptions. Part …

A Comparison Of Square-Wave Voltammetry Models To Determine The Number Of Electrons Exchanged In Metal Deposition, Ranon Fuller, Tyler Williams, Mark H. Schvaneveldt, Devin Rappleye

Faculty Publications

A comparison of square-wave voltammetry models for calculating the number of electrons exchanged in a metal deposition reaction. Experiments were conducted for silver deposition on platinum in an aqueous HNO₃ solution and for nickel and lanthanum deposition on platinum in molten LiCl. Diffusion coefficients for Ni²⁺ and La³⁺ in LiCl at 700^oC are calculated. Accuracy of soluble-soluble models versus a soluble-insoluble model is discussed. A simple method for determining the number of electrons exchanged under the constraint of well-compensated ohmic drop is proposed and evaluated.

Including Latinx Communities In Academic Libraries: A Theoretical Approach To Information Access, Andrew A. Wakelee, Kim M. Thompson

Faculty Publications

While more Latinx students continue to enroll in higher education, physical, intellectual, and socio-cultural barriers to information may continue to impede their success and inclusion. A tripartite theoretical model that examines physical, intellectual, and socio-cultural information access provides insights for academic libraries to better meet Latinx students’ information needs and include them in campus life. This paper gives an overview of the theoretical framework along with practical steps libraries can take to improve information equity.