Digital Commons Network^™

Positive Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index And The Risk Of Osteoporosis: Results From The Koges_Health Examinee (Hexa) Cohort Study, Hye Sun Kim, Cheongmin Sohn, Minji Kwon, Woori Na, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

Previous studies have found that diet’s inflammatory potential is related to various diseases. However, little is known about its relationship with osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and osteoporosis risk in a large-scale prospective cohort study in Korea. This prospective cohort study included 159,846 participants (men 57,740; women 102,106) from South Korea with a mean follow-up of 7.9 years. The DII was calculated through a validated semi-quantitative FFQ (SQFFQ), and information on osteoporosis was self-reported by the participants. Analyses were performed by using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. …

Precision Of Provider Licensure Data For Mapping Member Accessibility To Medicaid Managed Care Provider Networks, Nathaniel Bell, Ana Lòpez-Defede, Rebecca Wilkerson, Kathy Mayfield-Smith

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

In July 2018, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) updated its Medicaid Managed Care (MMC) regulations that govern network and access standards for enrollees. There have been few published studies of whether there is accurate geographic information on primary care providers to monitor network adequacy.

METHODS:

We analyzed a sample of nurse practitioner (NP) and physician address data registered in the state labor, licensing, and regulation (LLR) boards and the National Provider Index (NPI) using employment location data contained in the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) data file. Our main outcome measures were address discordance (%) at the …

Classical And Quantum Aspects Of Electric-Magnetic Duality Rotations In Curved Spacetimes, Ivan Agullo, Adrian Del Rio, Jose Navarro-Salas

Faculty Publications

It is well known that the source-free Maxwell equations are invariant under electric-magnetic duality rotations, F→Fcosθ+F sinθ. These transformations are indeed a symmetry of the theory in the Noether sense. The associated constant of motion is the difference in the intensity between self-dual and anti-self-dual components of the electromagnetic field or, equivalently, the difference between the right and left circularly polarized components. This conservation law holds even if the electromagnetic field interacts with an arbitrary classical gravitational background. After reexamining these results, we discuss whether this symmetry is maintained when the electromagnetic field is quantized. The answer is in the …

Interactions Between Disciplinary Practices And Joint Work In Undergraduate Physics Research Experiences, Gina Quan, Chandra Turpen, Andrew Elby

Faculty Publications

We analyze how participating in undergraduate research experiences (UREs) influenced physics students’ trajectories of participation within the community of practice of physics researchers. Students in the study participated in an elective seminar in which they were paired with graduate student and faculty mentors on physics research projects and participated in weekly discussions about research. Using video data from student interviews and mentor interviews, we characterize two aspects of students’ engagement in the physics community of practice. First, we find variations in their engagement in physics practice, which we characterize as physics activities that are connected and purposeful. Second, we characterize …

Identification Of Experimental And Control Areas For Cctv Effectiveness Assessment—The Issue Of Spatially Aggregated Data, Adam Dabrowski, Piotr Matczak, Andrzej Wójtowicz, Michael Leitner

Faculty Publications

Progress in surveillance technology has led to the development of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) systems in cities around the world. Cameras are considered instrumental in crime reduction, yet existing research does not unambiguously answer the question whether installing them affects the number of crimes committed. The quasi-experimental method usually applied to evaluate CCTV systems’ effectiveness faces difficulties with data quantity and quality. Data quantity has a bearing on the number of crimes that can be conclusively inferred using the experimental procedure. Data quality affects the level of crime data aggregation. The lack of the exact location of a crime incident in …

Mirach’S Goblin: Discovery Of A Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Behind The Andromeda Galaxy, David Martínez-Delgado, Eva Grebel, Behnam Javanmardi, Walter Boschin, Nicolas Longeard, Julio Carballo-Bello, Dmitry Makarov, Michael Beasley, Giuseppe Donatiello, Martha Haynes, Duncan Forbes, Aaron Romanowsky

Faculty Publications

Context. It is of broad interest for galaxy formation theory to carry out a full inventory of the numbers and properties of dwarf galaxies, both satellite and isolated, in the Local Volume.Aims. Ultra-deep imaging in wide areas of the sky with small amateur telescopes can help to complete the census of these hitherto unknown low-surface-brightness galaxies, which cannot be detected by the current resolved stellar population and HI surveys. We report the discovery of Donatiello I, a dwarf spheroidal galaxy located one degree from the star Mirach (β And) in a deep image taken with an amateur telescope.Methods. The color-magnitude …

Pixel-Level Reconstruction And Classification For Noisy Handwritten Bangla Characters, Manohar Karki, Qun Liu, Robert Dibiano, Saikat Basu, Supratik Mukhopadhyay

Faculty Publications

Classification techniques for images of handwritten characters are susceptible to noise. Quadtrees can be an efficient representation for learning from sparse features. In this paper, we improve the effectiveness of probabilistic quadtrees by using a pixel level classifier to extract the character pixels and remove noise from handwritten character images. The pixel level denoiser (a deep belief network) uses the map responses obtained from a pretrained CNN as features for reconstructing the characters eliminating noise. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by reconstructing and classifying a noisy version of handwritten Bangla Numeral and Basic Character datasets.

Measurement Of The Γ*Γ* → Η' Transition Form Factor, J.P. Lees, V. Poireau, V. Tisserand, E. Grauges, A. Palano, G. Eigen, D. N. Brown, Yu G. Kolomensky, M. Fritsch, H. Koch, T. Schroeder, C. Hearty, T. S. Mattison, J. A. Mckenna, R. Y. So, V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, V. P. Druzhinin, V. B. Golubev, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We study the process e⁺e⁻→e⁺e⁻η′ in the double-tag mode and measure for the first time the γ^*γ^*→ η′ transition form factor Fη′ (Q ² ₁ , Q² ₂) in the momentum-transfer range 2< Q ² ₁ , Q² ₂ 60 GeV ² . The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of around 469     fb^{− 1} collected at the PEP-II e ⁺e ⁻ collider with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV.

1; Q2 2Þ in the …

Angular Momentum And Galaxy Formation Revisited: Scaling Relations For Disks And Bulges, S. Michael Fall, Aaron Romanowsky

Faculty Publications

We show that the stellar specific angular momentum j, mass M, and bulge fraction  of normal galaxies of all morphological types are consistent with a simple model based on a linear superposition of independent disks and bulges. In this model, disks and bulges follow scaling relations of the form  and  with  but offset from each other by a factor of 8 ± 2 over the mass range . Separate fits for disks and bulges alone give  and , respectively. This model correctly predicts that galaxies follow a curved 2D surface in the 3D space of , , and . We …

Synthesis Of 5,6-Diaminoacenaphthylene By Reduction Of Sterically Crowded Nitro Groups With Sodium Dithionite, Amber J. Dood, Patrick A. Fisher, Christine L. Bodden, Luke J. Peterson, Kathryn A. Lindberg, Trevor A. Coeling, Douglas C. Yarbrough, Jason G. Gillmore

Faculty Publications

5,6-Diaminoacenaphthylene was synthesized in four steps from acenaphthene. This seemingly simple molecule provides unique synthetic challenges because it is relatively difficult to reduce the nitro groups and the molecule contains a particularly reactive double bond. It was determined that the only feasible sequence for the synthesis was to nitrate acenaphthene, then brominate, eliminate, and finally selectively reduce. Several reduction methods were attempted before finding one that would completely reduce both nitro groups while leaving the double bond intact.

Coefficient Of Variation From Vegetation Index For Sugarcane Population And Stalk Evaluation, Saoli Chanda, Yumiko Kanke, Marilyn Dalen, Jeffrey Hoy, Brenda Tubana

Faculty Publications

Core Ideas: Variety and planting material affect cane population and millable stalk production. Coefficient of variation from sensor readings decreases as cane canopy closes. Cane varieties for sugar and energy production differ greatly in canopy structure. Canopy structure influences sensor-based profiling of cane population and stalk. Coefficient of variation (CV) is a statistical measure of variability in data. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of CV computed from Vegetation Indices (VIs) with plant population and millable stalk of different sugarcane (Saccharrum spp.) varieties. Two experiments consisted of six cane varieties and two types of planting material (whole stalks …

The Restriction Principle And Commuting Families Of Toeplitz Operators On The Unit Ball, Matthew Dawson, Gestur Ólafsson, Raúl Quiroga-Barranco

Faculty Publications

On the unit ball Bn we consider the weighted Bergman spaces HΛ2(Bn) and their Toeplitz operators with bounded symbols. It is known from our previous work that if a closed subgroup H of SU (n, 1) ~ has a multiplicity-free restriction for the holomorphic discrete series of SU (n, 1) ~ , then the family of Toeplitz operators with H-invariant symbols pairwise commute. In this work we consider the case of maximal abelian subgroups of SU (n, 1) ~ and provide a detailed proof of the pairwise commutativity of the corresponding Toeplitz operators. To achieve this we explicitly develop the …

On The Electric-Magnetic Duality Symmetry: Quantum Anomaly, Optical Helicity, And Particle Creation, Iván Agulló, Adrián Del Río, José Navarro-Salas

Faculty Publications

It is well known that not every symmetry of a classical field theory is also a symmetry of its quantum version. When this occurs, we speak of quantum anomalies. The existence of anomalies imply that some classical Noether charges are no longer conserved in the quantum theory. In this paper, we discuss a new example for quantum electromagnetic fields propagating in the presence of gravity. We argue that the symmetry under electric-magnetic duality rotations of the source-free Maxwell action is anomalous in curved spacetimes. The classical Noether charge associated with these transformations accounts for the net circular polarization or the …

Editorial Introduction For The Topical Issue "The New Metaphysics: Analytic/Continental Crossovers", Paul Livingston, Jon Cogburn

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Robust Secure Transmission Of Using Main-Lobe-Integration-Based Leakage Beamforming In Directional Modulation Mu-Mimo Systems, Feng Shu, Wei Zhu, Xiangwei Zhou, Jun Li, Jinhui Lu

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we make an investigation of robust beamforming for secure directional modulation in the multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output systems in the presence of direction angle measurement errors. When statistical knowledge of direction angle measurement errors is unavailable, a novel robust beamforming scheme of combining main-lobe-integration and leakage is proposed to simultaneously transmit multiple different independent parallel confidential message streams to the associated multiple distinct desired users. The proposed scheme includes two steps: designing the beamforming vectors of the useful confidential messages and constructing artificial noise (AN) projection matrix. Here, in its first step, the beamforming vectors for the …

Analyzing Large Workers’ Compensation Claims Using Generalized Linear Models And Monte Carlo Simulation, Fatemeh Davoudi Kakhki, Steven Freeman, Gretchen Mosher

Faculty Publications

Insurance practitioners rely on statistical models to predict future claims in order to provide financial protection. Proper predictive statistical modeling is more challenging when analyzing claims with lower frequency, but high costs. The paper investigated the use of predictive generalized linear models (GLMs) to address this challenge. Workers’ compensation claims with costs equal to or more than US$100,000 were analyzed in agribusiness industries in the Midwest of the USA from 2008 to 2016. Predictive GLMs were built with gamma, Weibull, and lognormal distributions using the lasso penalization method. Monte Carlo simulation models were developed to check the performance of predictive …

The Debye Temperature Of A Single Crystal Thorium–Uranium Dioxide Alloy, Christina L. Dugan, Christopher M. Young, Rodney Carmona, Mitchell Schneider, James C. Petrosky, James Mann, Eric Hunt, John W. Mcclory

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cost Performance Index Stability: Insights From Environmental Remediation Projects, Denis S. Clayson, Edward D. White, Alfred E. Thal Jr.

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of the cost performance index (CPI) for environmental remediation projects as the topic is not addressed in the literature. CPI is defined as the earned value of work performed divided by the actual cost of the work, and CPI stability represents the point in time in a project after which the CPI varies by less than 20 percent (measured in different ways).

Introduction To The French Geotraces North Atlantic Transect (Ga01): Geovide Cruise, Géraldine Sarthou, Pascale Lherminier, Eric P. Achterberg, Fernando Alonso-Pérez, Eva Bucciarelli, Julia Boutorh, Vincent Bouvier, Edward A. Boyle, Pierre Branellec, Lidia I. Carracedo, Nuria Casacuberta, Maxi Castrillejo, Marie Cheize, Leonardo Contreira Pereira, Daniel Cossa, Nathalie Daniault, Emmanuel De Saint-Léger, Frank Dehairs, Feifei Deng, Floriane Desprez De Gésincourt, Jérémy Devesa, Lorna Foliot, Debany Fonseca-Batista, Morgane Gallinari, Maribel I. Garciá-Ibáñez, Arthur Gourain, Emilie Grossteffan, Michel Hamon, Lars Eric Heimbürger, Gideon M. Henderson, Catherine Jeandel, Catherine Kermabon, François Lacan

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Author(s). The GEOVIDE cruise, a collaborative project within the framework of the international GEOTRACES programme, was conducted along the French-led section in the North Atlantic Ocean (Section GA01), between 15 May and 30 June 2014. In this special issue (https://www.biogeosciences.net/special-issue900.html), results from GEOVIDE, including physical oceanography and trace element and isotope cyclings, are presented among 18 articles. Here, the scientific context, project objectives, and scientific strategy of GEOVIDE are provided, along with an overview of the main results from the articles published in the special issue.

Transfer Learning With Deep Recurrent Neural Networks For Remaining Useful Life Estimation, Ansi Zhang, Honglei Wang, Shaobo Li, Yuxin Cui, Guanci Yang, Jianjun Hu

Faculty Publications

Prognostics, such as remaining useful life (RUL) prediction, is a crucial task in condition-based maintenance. A major challenge in data-driven prognostics is the difficulty of obtaining a sufficient number of samples of failure progression. However, for traditional machine learning methods and deep neural networks, enough training data is a prerequisite to train good prediction models. In this work, we proposed a transfer learning algorithm based on Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) recurrent neural networks for RUL estimation, in which the models can be first trained on different but related datasets and then fine-tuned by the target dataset. Extensive experimental results …

The Dragonfly Nearby Galaxies Survey. V. Hst/Acs Observations Of 23 Low Surface Brightness Objects In The Fields Of Ngc 1052, Ngc 1084, M96, And Ngc 4258, Yotam Cohen, Pieter Van Dokkum, Shany Danieli, Aaron Romanowsky, Roberto Abraham, Allison Merritt, Jielai Zhang, Lamiya Mowla, J. Diederik Kruijssen, Charlie Conroy, Asher Wasserman

Faculty Publications

We present Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) imaging of 23 very low surface brightness (μ e,V  ~ 25–27.5) galaxies detected in the fields of four nearby galaxy groups. These objects were selected from deep optical imaging obtained with the Dragonfly Telephoto Array. Seven are newly identified, while most of the others had been seen previously in visual surveys of deep photographic plates and more recent surveys. Few have previously been studied in detail. From the ACS images, we measure distances to the galaxies using both the tip of the red giant branch method and the surface brightness fluctuations …

Systematic Quantum Cluster Typical Medium Method For The Study Of Localization In Strongly Disordered Electronic Systems, Hanna Terletska, Yi Zhang, Ka Ming Tam, Tom Berlijn, Liviu Chioncel, N. S. Vidhyadhiraja, Mark Jarrell

Faculty Publications

Great progress has been made in recent years towards understanding the properties of disordered electronic systems. In part, this is made possible by recent advances in quantum effective medium methods which enable the study of disorder and electron-electronic interactions on equal footing. They include dynamical mean-field theory and the Coherent Potential Approximation, and their cluster extension, the dynamical cluster approximation. Despite their successes, these methods do not enable the first-principles study of the strongly disordered regime, including the effects of electronic localization. The main focus of this review is the recently developed typical medium dynamical cluster approximation for disordered electronic …

Remains Of The 19th Century: Deep Storage Of Contaminated Hydraulic Mining Sediment Along The Lower Yuba River, California, Tyler Nakamura, Michael Bliss Singer, Emmanuel Gabet

Faculty Publications

Since the onset of hydraulic gold mining in California’s Sierra Nevada foothills in 1852, the environmental damage caused by displacement and storage of hydraulic mining sediment (HMS) has been a significant ecological problem downstream. Large volumes of mercury-laden HMS from the Yuba River watershed were deposited within the river corridor, creating the anthropogenic Yuba Fan. However, there are outstanding uncertainties about how much HMS is still contained within this fan. To quantify the deep storage of HMS in the Yuba Fan, we analyzed mercury concentrations of sediment samples collected from borings and outcrops at multiple depths. The mercury concentrations served …

Sequence Pattern Mining With Variables, James S. Okolica, Gilbert L. Peterson, Robert F. Mills, Michael R. Grimaila

Faculty Publications

Sequence pattern mining (SPM) seeks to find multiple items that commonly occur together in a specific order. One common assumption is that all of the relevant differences between items are captured through creating distinct items, e.g., if color matters then the same item in two different colors would have two items created, one for each color. In some domains, that is unrealistic. This paper makes two contributions. The first extends SPM algorithms to allow item differentiation through attribute variables for domains with large numbers of items, e.g, by having one item with a variable with a color attribute rather than …

Language Counts: Early Language Mediates The Relationship Between Parent Education And Children's Math Ability, Emily Slusser, Andrew Ribner, Anna Shusterman

Faculty Publications

Children's early math skills have been hailed as a powerful predictor of academic success. Disparities in socioeconomic context, however, also have dramatic consequences on children's learning. It is therefore critical to investigate both of these distinct contributors in order to better understand the early foundations of children's academic outcomes. This study tests an integrated model of children's developing math ability so as to (1) identify the specific skills and abilities most clearly linked to early math achievement and (2) measure the influence of children's socioeconomic context on each of these skills. We first evaluated the early vocabulary, number word knowledge …

A Time Series Of Water Column Distributions And Sinking Particle Flux Of Pseudo-Nitzschia And Domoic Acid In The Santa Barbara Basin, California, Blaire P. Umhau, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Clarissa R. Anderson, Kelly Mccabe, Christopher Burrell

Faculty Publications

Water column bulk Pseudo-nitzschia abundance and the dissolved and particulate domoic acid (DA) concentrations were measured in the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB), California from 2009–2013 and compared to bulk Pseudo-nitzschia cell abundance and DA concentrations and fluxes in sediment traps moored at 147 m and 509 m. Pseudo-nitzschia abundance throughout the study period was spatially and temporally heterogeneous (L⁻¹ to 3.8 × 10⁶ cells L⁻¹, avg. 2 × 10⁵ ± 5 × 10⁵ cells L⁻¹) and did not correspond with upwelling conditions or the total DA (tDA) concentration, which was also spatially …

Emergent Clustering Phenomena In The Framework Of The Ab Initio Symmetry-Adapted No-Core Shell Model, K. D. Launey, A. Mercenne, G. H. Sargsyan, H. Shows, R. B. Baker, M. E. Miora, T. Dytrych, J. P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

This article discusses the emergence - from first principles - of collectivity and clustering in light and intermediate-mass nuclei, up to the calcium region, with implications for reproducing enhanced E2 transitions in deformed nuclei, and for further understanding the formation of alpha clustering. Structure calculations use nucleon-nucleon chiral potentials and are based on the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model (SA-NCSM) that expands the reach of the no-core shell-model theory to heavier nuclei and enables the description of spatially enhanced nuclear configurations. This is achieved by using a physically relevant symmetry-adapted basis, which exploits approximate symmetries that, we find, dominate …

Response To Turner 2017, Amy M. Schueller, Robert T. Leaf, Raymond M. Mroch Iii, Geneviève M. Nesslage

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Receiver-Initiated Handshaking Mac Based On Traffic Estimation For Underwater Sensor Networks, Yuan Dong, Lina Pu, Yu Luo, Zheng Peng, Haining Mo, Yun Meng, Yi Zhao, Yuzhi Zhang

Faculty Publications

In underwater sensor networks (UWSNs), the unique characteristics of acoustic channels have posed great challenges for the design of medium access control (MAC) protocols. The long propagation delay problem has been widely explored in recent literature. However, the long preamble problem with acoustic modems revealed in real experiments brings new challenges to underwater MAC design. The overhead of control messages in handshaking-based protocols becomes significant due to the long preamble in underwater acoustic modems. To address this problem, we advocate the receiver-initiated handshaking method with parallel reservation to improve the handshaking efficiency. Despite some existing works along this direction, the …

Reduced Carbon Use Efficiency And Increased Microbial Turnover With Soil Warming, Jianwei Li, Gangsheng Wang, Melanie A. Mayes, Steven D. Allison, Serita D. Frey, Zheng Shi, Xiao-Ming Hu, Yiqi Luo, Jerry M. Melillo

Faculty Publications

Global soil carbon (C) stocks are expected to decline with warming, and changes in microbial processes are key to this projection. However, warming responses of critical microbial parameters such as carbon use efficiency (CUE) and biomass turnover (rB) are not well understood. Here, we determine these parameters using a probabilistic inversion approach that integrates a microbial-enzyme model with 22 years of carbon cycling measurements at Harvard Forest. We find that increasing temperature reduces CUE but increases rB, and that two decades of soil warming increases the temperature sensitivities of CUE and rB. These temperature sensitivities, which are derived from decades-long …