Digital Commons Network^™

Additive Schwarz Preconditioners For A State Constrained Elliptic Distributed Optimal Control Problem Discretized By A Partition Of Unity Method, Susanne C. Brenner, Christopher B. Davis, Li Yeng Sung

Faculty Publications

The minimization problem (2) is discretized in [4] by a partition of unity method (PUM). The goal of this paper is to use the ideas in [5] for an obstacle problem of clamped Kirchhoff plates to develop preconditioners for the discrete problems in [4].

A Balancing Domain Decomposition By Constraints Preconditioner For A C0 Interior Penalty Method, Susanne C. Brenner, Eun Hee Park, Li Yeng Sung, Kening Wang

Faculty Publications

Consider the following weak formulation of a fourth order problem on a bounded polygonal domain Ω in R : 2

Finite Element Methods For One Dimensional Elliptic Distributed Optimal Control Problems With Pointwise Constraints On The Derivative Of The State, S. C. Brenner, L. Y. Sung, W. Wollner

Faculty Publications

We investigate C finite element methods for one dimensional elliptic distributed optimal control problems with pointwise constraints on the derivative of the state formulated as fourth order variational inequalities for the state variable. For the problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions, we use an existing H52-ϵ regularity result for the optimal state to derive O(h12-ϵ) convergence for the approximation of the optimal state in the H norm. For the problem with mixed Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, we show that the optimal state belongs to H under appropriate assumptions on the data and obtain O(h) convergence for the approximation of the …

Additive Schwarz Preconditioners For A Localized Orthogonal Decomposition Method, Susanne C. Brenner, José C. Garay, Li Yeng Sung

Faculty Publications

We investigate a variant of the localized orthogonal decomposition method (Henning and Peterseim, [Multiscale Model. Simul., 11 (2013), pp. 1149 1175] and Malqvist and Peterseim, [Math. Comp., 83 (2014), pp. 2583 2603]) for elliptic problems with rough coefficients. The construction of the basis of the multiscale finite element space is based on domain decomposition techniques, which is motivated by the recent work of Kornhuber, Peterseim, and Yserentant [Math. Comp., 87 (2018), pp. 2765 2774]. We also design and analyze additive Schwarz domain decomposition preconditioners for the resulting discrete problems.

P 1 Finite Element Methods For An Elliptic Optimal Control Problem With Pointwise State Constraints, Susanne C. Brenner, Li Yeng Sung, Joscha Gedicke

Faculty Publications

We present theoretical and numerical results for two P finite element methods for an elliptic distributed optimal control problem on general polygonal/polyhedral domains with pointwise state constraints. 1

Stabilization For A Chain Of Saturating Integrators Arising In The Visual Landing Of Aircraft With Sampling, Laurent Burlion, Michael Malisoff, Frédéric Mazenc

Faculty Publications

We provide a new output feedback control design for a chain of saturating integrators with imprecise output measurements where the outputs can also contain delays and sampling. Using a backstepping approach that leads to pointwise delays in the control and a dynamic extension, we prove input-to-state stability using a new dynamic extension approach. We utilize our main result to solve a problem in the visual landing of aircraft in the glide phase in the presence of delayed and sampled image processing.

Determination Of Clinical Parameters Sensitive To Functional Voice Disorders Applying Boosted Decision Stumps, Patrick Schlegel, Andreas M. Kist, Marion Semmler, Michael Dollinger, Melda Kunduk, Stephan Durr, Anne Schutzenberger

Faculty Publications

Background: Various voice assessment tools, such as questionnaires and aerodynamic voice characteristics, can be used to assess vocal function of individuals. However, not much is known about the best combinations of these parameters in identification of functional dysphonia in clinical settings. Methods: This study investigated six scores from clinically commonly used questionnaires and seven acoustic parameters. 514 females and 277 males were analyzed. The subjects were divided into three groups: one healthy group (N01) (49 females, 50 males) and two disordered groups with perceptually hoarse (FD23) (220 females, 96 males) and perceptually not hoarse (FD01) (245 females, 131 males) sounding …

Emerging Infectious Disease, The Household Built Environment Characteristics, And Urban Planning: Evidence On Avian Influenza In Vietnam, James H. Spencer, Melissa L. Finucane, Jefferson M. Fox, Sumeet Saksena, Nargis Sultana

Faculty Publications

Recent concerns with pandemic outbreaks of human disease and their origins in animal populations have ignited concerns regarding connections between Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) and development. As disasters, health, and infectious disease become part of planning concern (Matthew & McDonald, 2007), greater focus on household infrastructure and EID disease outbreaks among poultry is warranted. Following Spencer (2013), this study examines the relationship between the mix of household-scale water supplies, sanitation systems, and construction materials, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) among poultry in a developing country: Vietnam. Findings of our multivariate logistic regressions suggest that a non-linear, Kuznets-shaped urban transition …

Consumer Perception Of Extruded Snacks Containing Brown Rice And Dried Mushroom, Benjarat Tepsongkroh, Kamolwan Jangchud, Anuvat Jangchud, Pitchayapat Chonpracha, Ryan Ardoin, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul

Faculty Publications

Effects of mushroom type, seasoning and health benefit information (HBI) on consumers’ saltiness expectation, sensory liking, elicited emotions and purchase intent (PI) of extruded snacks were investigated. Five snacks were evaluated: straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) extrudates without (SME) or with seasoning (SMES), phoenix mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) extrudates without (PME) or with seasoning (PMES), and the control without mushroom and seasoning. Hedonic scores and positive emotions were generally higher for seasoned mushroom-containing snacks (SMES and PMES) with 65% and 75.83% of consumers reporting willingness to purchase, respectively, after receiving HBI. Bored, interested and satisfied were identified as significant emotional predictors for …

Reducible Fermi Surfaces For Non-Symmetric Bilayer Quantum-Graph Operators, Stephen P. Shipman

Faculty Publications

This work constructs a class of non-symmetric periodic Schrödinger operators on metric graphs (quantum graphs) whose Fermi, or Floquet, surface is reducible. The Floquet surface at an energy level is an algebraic set that describes all complex wave vectors admissible by the periodic operator at the given energy. The graphs in this study are obtained by coupling two identical copies of a periodic quantum graph by edges to form a bilayer graph. Reducibility of the Floquet surface for all energies ensues when the coupling edges have potentials belonging to the same asymmetry class. The notion of asymmetry class is defined …

When Anti-Establishment Becomes Exclusion: The Supreme Court’S Opinion In The American Legion V. American Humanist Association, And The Flip Side Of The Endorsement Test, Patrick Garry

Faculty Publications

In The American Legion v. American Humanist Association, the Court addressed the Establishment Clause issues surrounding a longstanding Latin cross veteran’s memorial located on public property.  Although the Court upheld the memorial with a narrow ruling, an unresolved issue lurking beneath the surface of passive display cases like American Legion is whether a government dismantling of a longstanding religious symbol might itself, under certain circumstances, constitute an independent Establishment Clause violation.  Such a dismantling of a religious symbol built decades earlier before the property became publicly owned might well be considered a government act hostile to religion, especially as America …

Toeplitz Operators On The Domain (Formula Presented)- With (Formula Presented)-Invariant Symbols, Matthew Dawson, Gestur Ólafsson, Raul Quiroga-Barranco

Faculty Publications

Let D be the irreducible bounded symmetric domain of 2 × 2 complex matrices that satisfy ZZ* < I2. The biholomorphism group of D is realized by U(2, 2) with isotropy at the origin given by U(2) ×U(2). Denote by (Formula Presented) the subgroup of diagonal matrices in U(2). We prove that the set of (Formula Presented)-invariant essentially bounded symbols yield Toeplitz operators that generate commutative C*-algebras on all weighted Bergman spaces over D. Using tools from representation theory, we also provide an integral formula for the spectra of these Toeplitz operators.

New Atomic Decompositions Of Bergman Spaces On Bounded Symmetric Domains, Jens Gerlach Christensen, Gestur Ólafsson

Faculty Publications

We provide a large family of atoms for Bergman spaces on irreducible bounded symmetric domains. The atomic decompositions are derived using the holomorphic discrete series representations for the domain, and the approach is inspired by recent advances in wavelet and coorbit theory. Our results vastly generalize previous work by Coifman and Rochberg. Their atoms correspond to translates of a constant function at a discrete subset of the automorphism group of the domain. In this paper we show that atoms can be obtained as translates of any holomorphic function with rapidly decreasing coefficients (including polynomials). This approach also settles the relation …

Symmetric Spaces With Dissecting Involutions, K. H. Neeb, G. Ólafsson

Faculty Publications

An involutive diffeomorphism σ of a connected smooth manifold M is called dissecting if the complement of its fixed point set is not connected. Dissecting involutions on a complete Riemannian manifold are closely related to constructive quantum field theory through the work of Dimock and Jaffe/Ritter on the construction of reflection positive Hilbert spaces. In this article we classify all pairs (M, σ), where M is an irreducible connected symmetric space, not necessarily Riemannian, and σ is a dissecting involutive automorphism. In particular, we show that the only irreducible, connected and simply connected Riemannian symmetric spaces with dissecting isometric involutions …

Pollution And Polluter Pays, Aaron Lercher

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Operational Planning Of Supply Chains In A Production And Distribution Center With Just-In-Time Delivery, Pablo Biswas, Bhaba Sarker

Faculty Publications

Purpose: A supply chain consists of raw material suppliers, manufacturers and retailers where inventory of raw materials and finished goods are involved, respectively. Therefore, it is important to find optimal solutions, which are beneficial for both supplier, manufacturer and retailer.

Design/methodology/approach: This research focuses on a semi-continuous manufacturing facility by assuming that the production of succeeding cycle starts immediately after the production of preceding cycle. In reality, the inventory of a supply chain system may not be completely empty. A number of products may be left over after the deliveries are made. These leftover inventories are added to the next …

A Pedagogical Model For Teaching Data Analytics In An Introductory Information Systems Python Course, Heber C. Brau, James C. Brau, Mark Keith

Faculty Publications

In this paper we answer the call of Sheppard (2012) and Brunner & Kim (2016) and present a model for teaching data analytics in an introductory information systems class using the Python programming language. The pedagogy follows an active-learning strategy in which students are assumed to have no statistical or Python programming training prior to class. The learning outcomes include: 1) Data: write code to import and manipulate data; 2) Visualization: write code to generate useful and theoretically sound data visualizations; 3) Feature Engineering: write code to generate, condense, or recombine variables (i.e., "features") of any type (numeric, categorical, ordinal, …

Too Busy To Be Manipulated: How Multitasking With Technology Improves Deception Detection In Collaborative Teamwork, Nathan W. Twyman, Jeffrey G. Proudfoot, Ann-Frances Cameron, Eric Case, Judee K. Burgoon, Douglas P. Twitchell

Faculty Publications

Deception is an unfortunate staple in group work. Guarding against team members’ deceptive tactics and alternative agendas is difficult and may seem even more difficult in technology-driven business environments that have made multitasking during teamwork increasingly commonplace. This research develops a foundation for a nuanced theoretical understanding of deception detection under these conditions. The intersection of information technology multitasking and deception detection theories is shown to produce various and sometimes competing ideas about how this type of multitasking might affect truthfulness assessments in real-time teamwork. A laboratory study involving a collaborative game helped evaluate the different ideas using manipulated deception …

Improving Nmt Quality Using Terminology Injection, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Duane K. Dougal

Faculty Publications

Many organizations use domain- or organization-specific words and phrases. This paper explores the use of vetted terminology as an input to neural machine translation (NMT) for improved results: ensuring that the translation of individual terms is consistent with an approved multilingual terminology collection. We discuss, implement, and evaluate a method for injecting terminology and for evaluating terminology injection. Our use of the long short-term memory (LSTM) attention mechanism prevalent in state-of-the-art NMT systems involves attention vectors for correctly identifying semantic entities and aligning the tokens that represent them, both in the source and the target languages. Appropriate terminology is then …

Twisted Space-Frequency And Space-Time Partially Coherent Beams, Milo W. Hyde Iv

Faculty Publications

We present partially coherent sources that are statistically twisted in the space-frequency and space-time domains. Beginning with the superposition rule for genuine partially coherent sources, we derive source plane expressions for the cross-spectral density (CSD) and mutual coherence functions (MCFs) for twisted space-frequency and space-time Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beams. Using the Fresnel approximation to the free-space Green’s function, we then paraxially propagate the CSD and MCF to any plane z> 0. We discuss the beams’ behavior as they propagate, with particular emphasis on how the beam shape rotates or tumbles versus z. To validate our analysis, we simulate the generation …

Lessons From Disaster: Assessing The Covid19 Response In Youth Jails & Prisons, Madalyn K. Wasilczuk

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Multi-Stage Machine Learning Approach To Predict Dengue Incidence: A Case Study In Mexico, Annalisa Appice, Yulia R. Gel, Iliyan Iliev, Vyacheslav Lyubchich, Donato Malerba

Faculty Publications

© 2013 IEEE. The mosquito-borne dengue fever is a major public health problem in tropical countries, where it is strongly conditioned by climate factors such as temperature. In this paper, we formulate a holistic machine learning strategy to analyze the temporal dynamics of temperature and dengue data and use this knowledge to produce accurate predictions of dengue, based on temperature on an annual scale. The temporal dynamics are extracted from historical data by utilizing a novel multi-stage combination of auto-encoding, window-based data representation and trend-based temporal clustering. The prediction is performed with a trend association-based nearest neighbour predictor. The effectiveness …

A Road Map To Indoos-2: Better Observations Of The Rapidly Warming Indian Ocean, L. M. Beal, J. Vialard, M. K. Roxy, J. Li, M. Andres, H. Annamalai, M. Feng, W. Han, R. Hood, T. Lee, M. Lengaigne, R. Lumpkin, Y. Masumoto, M. J. Mcphaden, M. Ravichandran, T. Shinoda, B. M. Sloyan, P. G. Strutton, A. C. Subramanian, T. Tozuka, C. C. Ummenhofer, A. S. Unnikrishnan, J. Wiggert, L. Yu, L. Cheng, D. G. Desbruyères, V. Parvathi

Faculty Publications

The Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS), established in 2006, is a multinational network of sustained oceanic measurements that underpin understanding and forecasting of weather and climate for the Indian Ocean region and beyond. Almost one-third of humanity lives around the Indian Ocean, many in countries dependent on fisheries and rain-fed agriculture that are vulnerable to climate variability and extremes. The Indian Ocean alone has absorbed a quarter of the global oceanic heat uptake over the last two decades and the fate of this heat and its impact on future change is unknown. Climate models project accelerating sea level rise, more …

Role Of Geometric Shape In Chiral Optics, Philipp Gutsche, Xavier Garcia-Santiago, Philipp Immanuel Schneider, Kevin M. Mcpeak, Manuel Nieto-Vesperinas, Sven Burger

Faculty Publications

The distinction of chiral and mirror symmetric objects is straightforward from a geometrical point of view. Since the biological as well as the optical activity of molecules strongly depend on their handedness, chirality has recently attracted high interest in the field of nano-optics. Various aspects of associated phenomena including the influences of internal and external degrees of freedom on the optical response have been discussed. Here, we propose a constructive method to evaluate the possibility of observing any chiral response from an optical scatterer. Based on solely the T-matrix of one enantiomer, planes of minimal chiral response are located and …

Reachable Sets For Safe, Real-Time Manipulator Trajectory Design, Patrick Holmes, Shreyas Kousik, Bohao Zhang, Daphna Raz, Corina Barbalata, Matthew Johnson-Roberson, Ram Vasudevan

Faculty Publications

For robotic arms to operate in arbitrary environments, especially near people, it is critical to certify the safety of their motion planning algorithms. However, there is often a trade-o↵ between safety and real-time performance; one can either carefully design safe plans, or rapidly generate potentially-unsafe plans. This work presents a receding-horizon, real-time trajectory planner with safety guarantees, called ARMTD (Au-tonomous Reachability-based Manipulator Trajectory Design). The method first computes (o✏ine) a reachable set of parameterized trajectories for each joint of an arm. Each trajectory includes a fail-safe maneuver (braking to a stop). At runtime, in each receding-horizon planning iteration, ARMTD constructs …

Peak Pressures On Low Rise Buildings: Cfd With Les Versus Full Scale And Wind Tunnel Measurements, Aly Mousaad Aly, Hamzeh Gol-Zaroudi

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the processes of wind flow in the atmospheric boundary layer, to produce realistic full-scale pressures for the design of low-rise buildings. CFD with LES turbulence closure is implemented on a scale 1:1 prototype building. A proximity study was executed computationally in CFD with LES that suggests new recommendations on the computational domain size, in front of a building model, apart from common RANS-based guidelines (e.g. COST and AIJ). Our findings suggest a location of the test building, different from existing guidelines, and the inflow boundary proximity influences pressure correlation and reproduction of peak loads. The CFD …

Wettability Effects On Primary Drainage Mechanisms And Napl Distribution: A Pore-Scale Study, Ian L. Molnar, Jason I. Gerhard, Clinton S. Willson, Denis M. O'Carroll

Faculty Publications

The pore-scale processes governing water drainage behavior in porous media have implications for geoscience multiphase scenarios including carbon capture and storage, contaminant site remediation, oil recovery, and vadose zone processes. However, few studies report directly observed pore-scale water drainage phenomena in 3-D soils. This knowledge gap limits our ability to verify assumptions underlying existing models and develop optimal solutions. This paper utilizes synchrotron X-ray microtomography to present an experimental pore-scale examination of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL)/water distribution along a primary drainage front as dense NAPL was injected upward into water wetting (WW) and intermediate wetting (IW) sand-packed columns. Pore-network structures …

First Person: The Pandemic's Silver Lining: Real Talk For Future Teachers, J Hipp

Faculty Publications

When the COVID-19 pandemic closed her university campus, Jamie Hipp had to move her popular arts integration class for preservice teachers to a virtual format. She was surprised to learn that her students wanted more than regular sessions during their scheduled class times; they wanted additional opportunities for real teacher talk about going on interviews, setting up a classroom, and other practical matters that weren't being covered in their preservice program. Hipp set up a series of virtual sessions on topics of interest to students, in addition to regular class sessions. The sessions went so well that Hipp intends to …

Bot Contracts, Deborah R. Gerhardt, David Thaw

Faculty Publications

In this Article, we explain why the transactions commonly known as “smart contracts” are better understood as “bot contracts.” Taking an interdisciplinary approach, we show why the “smart contracts” moniker is misdescriptive in two important ways. First, these transactions are automated, not smart. Second, they do not afford parties many enforcement rights and defenses that one expects from common law contractual relationships. To fully understand these transactions, it is important to appreciate how the term “smart contracts” differs from what the technology delivers.

Our review of the technology explains that these transactions have tremendous practical utility in reducing risk and …

Legal Calculators And The Tax System, Joshua D. Blank, Leigh Z. Osofsky

Faculty Publications

Legal calculators often embody a characteristic that can be termed “simplexity.” As we have theorized, simplexity occurs when the government presents clear and simple explanations of the law without highlighting its underlying complexity or reducing this complexity through formal legal changes. In earlier work, we have argued that some elements of IRS publications (plain language summaries of the law for the general public) present contested tax law as clear tax rules, add administrative gloss to the tax law, and fail to fully explain the tax law.

In this Article, we show that simplexity also occurs when the government offers legal …