Digital Commons Network^™

Comparing Dietary Score Associations With Lipoprotein Particle Subclass Profiles: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of A Middle-To Older-Aged Population, Seán R. Millar, Pilar Navarro, Janas M. Harrington, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., James Hébert Scd, Ivan J. Perry, Catherine M. Phillips

Faculty Publications

Background and objectives: Lipoprotein particle concentrations and size are associated with increased risk for atherosclerosis and premature cardiovascular disease. Studies also suggest that certain dietary behaviours may be cardioprotective. Limited comparative data regarding any dietary score/index-lipoprotein particle subclass associations exist. Thus, our objective was to assess relationships between the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Health Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Mediterranean Diet (MD) and Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™) scores and plasma lipids and lipoprotein profiles to test the hypothesis that healthier diet (better quality and more anti-inflammatory) would be associated with a more favourable lipoprotein profile.

Materials and methods: This …

Estimating Turbulence Distribution Over A Heterogeneous Path Using Time‐Lapse Imagery From Dual Cameras, Benjamin Wilson, Santasri Bose-Pillai, Jack E. Mccrae, Kevin J. Keefer, Steven T. Fiorino

Faculty Publications

Knowledge of turbulence distribution along an experimental path can help in effective turbulence compensation and mitigation. Although scintillometers are traditionally used to measure the strength of turbulence, they provide a path-integrated measurement and have limited operational ranges. A technique to profile turbulence using time-lapse imagery of a distant target from spatially separated cameras is presented here. The method uses the turbulence induced differential motion between pairs of point features on a target, sensed at a single camera and between cameras to extract turbulence distribution along the path. The method is successfully demonstrated on a 511 m almost horizontal path going …

Observation Of Gravitational Waves From Two Neutron Star-Black Hole Coalescences, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, A. Adams, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, D. Agarwal, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, T. Akutsu, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

We report the observation of gravitational waves from two compact binary coalescences in LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run with properties consistent with neutron star-black hole (NSBH) binaries. The two events are named GW200105_162426 and GW200115_042309, abbreviated as GW200105 and GW200115; the first was observed by LIGO Livingston and Virgo and the second by all three LIGO-Virgo detectors. The source of GW200105 has component masses, whereas the source of GW200115 has component masses and (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The probability that the secondary's mass is below the maximal mass of a neutron star is 89%-96% and …

Influencing Perceptions Of Stem Through The Best Stem Books List, Scott Bartholomew, Alexia Seymour

Faculty Publications

One day, while discussing engineering and science as potential career options with a female student, we opened a search engine and typed in “engineer” and “scientist.” However, on the first pages of image results, only one female appeared for engineering and only a few females appeared for “scientist” (see Figure 1). This disparity was disturbing—if this student never saw another person like her filling careers in STEM fields, would she ever “picture herself” in those fields?

Free Three-Dimensional Carborane Carbanions, H.D.A. Zzzchathumal Jayaweera, Md. Mamdudur Rahman, Perry J. Pellechia, Mark D. Smith, Dmitry V. Peryshkov

Faculty Publications

Carbon atom functionalization via generation of carbanions is the cornerstone of carborane chemistry. In this work, we report the synthesis and structural characterization of free ortho-carboranyl [C₂B₁₀H₁₁]⁻, a three-dimensional inorganic analog of the elusive phenyl anion that features a “naked” carbanion center. The first example of a stable, discrete C(H)-deprotonated carborane anion was isolated as a completely separated ion pair with a crown ether-encapsulated potassium cation. An analogous approach led to the isolation and structural characterization of a doubly deprotonated 1,1′-bis(o-carborane) anion [C₂B₁₀H₁₀] …

Strengthening Criteria Independence Through Optimization Of Alternative Value Ratio Comparisons, Joseph P. Kristbaum, Frank W. Ciarallo

Faculty Publications

Every decision maker’s internal scale is different based on a myriad of possible factors unique to that decision maker. Conflicting criteria within and between alternatives in multicriteria decision making can create negative effects within the weighting schemes and amplify preference biases and scale disparities between decision makers in a group decision context. Additionally, the weighting of group decision-making frameworks can intensify the already skewed criteria values. When making judgments against requirements, it may be preferable to reduce scale trend distortions between decision makers as much as possible. Previous research supports that certain information presentation modes can significantly reduce preference bias …

Loosening Control—A Hybrid Approach To Controlling Heterogeneous Swarms, Lukas Esterle, David W. King

Faculty Publications

Large pervasive systems, deployed in dynamic environments, require flexible control mechanisms to meet the demands of chaotic state changes while accomplishing system goals. As centralized control approaches may falter in environments where centralized communication and knowledge may be impossible to implement, researchers have proposed decentralized control methods that leverage agent-driven, self-organizing behaviors, to achieve reliable, flexible systems. This article presents and compares the performance of three decentralized control approaches in the online multi-object k-assignment problem. In this domain, a set of sensors is tasked to detect and track an unknown and changing set of targets. Results show that a …

Observation Of Gravitational Waves From Two Neutron Star–Black Hole Coalescences, Ligo Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Kagra Collaboration, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

We report the observation of gravitational waves from two compact binary coalescences in LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run with properties consistent with neutron star–black hole (NSBH) binaries. The two events are named GW200105_162426 and GW200115_042309, abbreviated as GW200105 and GW200115; the first was observed by LIGO Livingston and Virgo and the second by all three LIGO–Virgo detectors. The source of GW200105 has component masses and , whereas the source of GW200115 has component masses and (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The probability that the secondary's mass is below the maximal mass of a neutron star is …

Concentrations, Ratios, And Sinking Fluxes Of Major Bioelements At Ocean Station Papa, Montserrat Roca-Martí

Faculty Publications

Fluxes of major bioelements associated with sinking particles were quantified in late summer 2018 as part of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) field campaign near Ocean Station Papa in the subarctic northeast Pacific. The thorium-234 method was used in conjunction with size-fractionated (1–5, 5–51, and >51 μm) concentrations of particulate nitrogen (PN), total particulate phosphorus (TPP), biogenic silica (bSi), and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) collected using large volume filtration via in situ pumps. We build upon recent work quantifying POC fluxes during EXPORTS. Similar remineralization length scales were observed for both POC and PN across …

Nets Of Standard Subspaces On Lie Groups, Karl Hermann Neeb, Gestur Ólafsson

Faculty Publications

Let G be a Lie group with Lie algebra g, h∈g an element for which the derivation ad h defines a 3-grading of g and τG an involutive automorphism of G inducing on g the involution eπiadh. We consider antiunitary representations (U,H) of the Lie group Gτ=G⋊{idG,τG} for which the positive cone CU={x∈g:−i∂U(x)≥0} and h span g. To a real subspace E⊆H−∞ of distribution vectors invariant under exp⁡(Rh) and an open subset O⊆G, we associate the real subspace HE(O)⊆H, generated by the subspaces U−∞(φ)E, where φ∈Cc∞(O,R) is a real-valued test function on O. Then HE(O) generates the complex Hilbert space …

Review Of The Analysis Of 234Th In Small Volume (2–4 L) Seawater Samples: Improvements And Recommendations, Samantha J. Clevenger, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, Jessica Drysdale, Steven Pike, Viena Puigcorbé, Ken O. Buesseler

Faculty Publications

Schools may be one important context where adolescents learn and shape the behaviors necessary for promoting global inclusivity in adulthood. Given the importance of bystanders in halting bullying and peer aggression, the focus of this study is on both moral judgments regarding one type of bullying, social exclusion, and factors that are associated with bystander intervention. The study includes 896 adolescents, who were 6th (N = 450, M_age = 11.73), and 9th (N = 446, M_age = 14.82) graders, approximately evenly divided by gender. Participants were primarily European–American (63.3%). Results revealed that girls and participants who …

The Mexico Simsmoke Tobacco Control Policy Model: Development Of A Simulation Model Of Daily And Nondaily Cigarette Smoking, Luz Maria Sanchez-Romero, Luis Zavala-Arciniega, Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu, Belén Sáenz De Miera-Juárez, Zhe Yuan, Yameng Li, Yan Kwan Lau, Nancy L. Fleischer, Rafael Meza, Jim F. Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms, David T. Levy

Faculty Publications

Background

Nondaily smoking has been on the rise, especially in Mexico. While Mexico has strengthened its tobacco control policies, their effects on nondaily smokers have gone largely unexamined. We developed a simulation model to estimate the impact of tobacco control policies on daily and nondaily smoking in Mexico.

Methods

A previously validated Mexico SimSmoke model that estimated overall trends in smoking prevalence from 2002 through 2013 was extended to 2018 and adapted to distinguish daily and nondaily smoking prevalence. The model was then validated using data from Mexican surveys through 2016. To gauge the potential effects of policies, we compared …

Measurement Of The Iron Spectrum In Cosmic Rays From 10 Gev/N To 2.0 Tev/N With The Calorimetric Electron Telescope On The International Space Station, O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, J. H. Buckley, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, K. Ebisawa, H. Fuke, S. Gonzi, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, K. Ioka, W. Ishizaki, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kataoka, R. Kataoka, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, N. Kawanaka, Y. Kawakubo, K. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, H. S. Krawczynski, J. F. Krizmanic, J. Link, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, A. A. Moiseev, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, S. Nakahira, J. Nishimura, G. A. De Nolfo, S. Okuno, J. F. Ormes, N. Ospina, S. Ozawa, L. Pacini, P. Papini, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, M. Sasaki, Y. Shimizu, A. Shiomi, P. Spillantini, F. Stolzi, S. Sugita, A. Sulaj, M. Takita, T. Tamura, T. Terasawa, S. Torii, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, E. Vannuccini, J. P. Wefel, K. Yamaoka, S. Yanagita, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida

Faculty Publications

The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), in operation on the International Space Station since 2015, collected a large sample of cosmic-ray iron over a wide energy interval. In this Letter a measurement of the iron spectrum is presented in the range of kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.0 TeV/n allowing the inclusion of iron in the list of elements studied with unprecedented precision by space-borne instruments. The measurement is based on observations carried out from January 2016 to May 2020. The CALET instrument can identify individual nuclear species via a measurement of their electric charge with a dynamic …

Constraints On Cosmic Strings Using Data From The Third Advanced Ligo–Virgo Observing Run, Ligo Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Kagra Collaboration, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop …

Constraints On Cosmic Strings Using Data From The Third Advanced Ligo-Virgo Observing Run, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, A. Adams, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, D. Agarwal, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, T. Akutsu, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop …

Biogenic Sinking Particle Fluxes And Sediment Trap Collection Efficiency At Ocean Station Papa, Margaret Estapa, Ken Buesseler, Collen A. Durkin, Melissa Omand, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, Montserrat Rocca-Martí, Elly Breves, R. P. Kelly, Steve Pike

Faculty Publications

Comprehensive field observations characterizing the biological carbon pump (BCP) provide the foundation needed to constrain mechanistic models of downward particulate organic carbon (POC) flux in the ocean. Sediment traps were deployed three times during the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing campaign at Ocean Station Papa in August–September 2018. We propose a new method to correct sediment trap sample contamination by zooplankton “swimmers.” We consider the advantages of polyacrylamide gel collectors to constrain swimmer influence and estimate the magnitude of possible trap biases. Measured sediment trap fluxes of thorium-234 are compared to water column measurements to assess trap …

Topology Of Parametrized Motion Planning Algorithms, Daniel C. Cohen, Michael Farber, Shmuel Weinberger

Faculty Publications

We introduce and study a new concept of parametrized topological complexity: A topological invariant motivated by the motion planning problem of robotics. In the parametrized setting, a motion planning algorithm has a high degree of universality and flexibility and can function under a variety of external conditions (such as positions of obstacles). We explicitly compute the parametrized topological complexity of obstacle-avoiding collision-free motion of many particles (robots) in 3-dimensional space. Our results show that the parametrized topological complexity can be significantly higher than the standard (nonparametrized) invariant.

St-V-Net: Incorporating Shape Prior Into Convolutional Neural Netwoks For Proximal Femur Segmentation, Chen Zhao, Joyce H. Keyak, Jinshan Tang, Tadashi S. Kaneko, Sundeep Khosla, Shreyasee Amin, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Lan-Juan Zhao, Michael J. Serou, Chaoyang Zhang, Hui Shen, Hong-Wen Deng, Weihua Zhou

Faculty Publications

We aim to develop a deep-learning-based method for automatic proximal femur segmentation in quantitative computed tomography (QCT) images. We proposed a spatial transformation V-Net (ST-V-Net), which contains a V-Net and a spatial transform network (STN) to extract the proximal femur from QCT images. The STN incorporates a shape prior into the segmentation network as a constraint and guidance for model training, which improves model performance and accelerates model convergence. Meanwhile, a multi-stage training strategy is adopted to fine-tune the weights of the ST-V-Net. We performed experiments using a QCT dataset which included 397 QCT subjects. During the experiments for the …

Tests Of General Relativity With Binary Black Holes From The Second Ligo-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, A. Adams, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, S. Akcay, G. Allen, A. Allocca, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, S. Anand, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Ansoldi, J. M. Antelis, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya

Faculty Publications

Gravitational waves enable tests of general relativity in the highly dynamical and strong-field regime. Using events detected by LIGO-Virgo up to 1 October 2019, we evaluate the consistency of the data with predictions from the theory. We first establish that residuals from the best-fit waveform are consistent with detector noise, and that the low- and high-frequency parts of the signals are in agreement. We then consider parametrized modifications to the waveform by varying post-Newtonian and phenomenological coefficients, improving past constraints by factors of ∼2; we also find consistency with Kerr black holes when we specifically target signatures of the spin-induced …

Tests Of General Relativity With Binary Black Holes From The Second Ligo-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, A. Adams, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, S. Akcay, G. Allen, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

Gravitational waves enable tests of general relativity in the highly dynamical and strong-field regime. Using events detected by LIGO-Virgo up to 1 October 2019, we evaluate the consistency of the data with predictions from the theory. We first establish that residuals from the best-fit waveform are consistent with detector noise, and that the low- and high-frequency parts of the signals are in agreement. We then consider parametrized modifications to the waveform by varying post-Newtonian and phenomenological coefficients, improving past constraints by factors of ∼2; we also find consistency with Kerr black holes when we specifically target signatures of the spin-induced …

A Monte Carlo Simulation Of A Protein (Cove) In A Matrix Of Random Barriers, R. B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

Monte Carlo simulations are performed to study structure and dynamics of a protein CoVE in random media generated by a random distribution of barriers at concentration c with a coarse-grained model in its native (low temperature) and denatured (high temperature) phase. The stochastic dynamics of the protein is diffusive in denature phase at low c, it slows down on increasing c and stops moving beyond a threshold (c_th ≈ 0.10). In native phase, the protein moves extremely slow at low c but speeds up on further increasing c in a characteristic range (c =0.10–0.20) before …

Tests Of General Relativity With Binary Black Holes From The Second Ligo-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, Ligo Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

Gravitational waves enable tests of general relativity in the highly dynamical and strong-field regime. Using events detected by LIGO-Virgo up to 1 October 2019, we evaluate the consistency of the data with predictions from the theory. We first establish that residuals from the best-fit waveform are consistent with detector noise, and that the low- and high-frequency parts of the signals are in agreement. We then consider parametrized modifications to the waveform by varying post-Newtonian and phenomenological coefficients, improving past constraints by factors of ∼2; we also find consistency with Kerr black holes when we specifically target signatures of the spin-induced …

Loop Quantum Black Hole Extensions Within The Improved Dynamics, Rodolfo Gambini, Javier Olmedo, Jorge Pullin

Faculty Publications

We continue our investigation of an improved quantization scheme for spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity. We find that in the region where the black hole singularity appears in the classical theory, the quantum theory contains semi-classical states that approximate general relativity coupled to an effective anisotropic fluid. The singularity is eliminated and the space-time can be continued into a white hole space-time. This is similar to previously considered scenarios based on a loop quantum gravity quantization.

Double Polarisation Observable G For Single Pion Photoproduction From The Proton, N. Zachariou, D. P. Watts, J. Mcandrew, L. Zana, M. Bashkanov, I. I. Strakovsky, R. Workman, A. V. Sarantsev, V. Nikonov, K. P. Adhikari, S. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, F. Benmokhtar, Steffen Strauch, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We report measurements of π⁺ and π⁰ meson photoproduction from longitudinally spin-polarised protons by an energy tagged (0.73-2.3 GeV) and linearly polarised photon beam. A close to complete solid angle coverage for the reaction products was provided by the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory. The double-polarisation observable G is extracted from Maximum Likelihood fits to the data, enabling the first accurate determination for the reaction γ p → π⁺n, while also significantly extending the kinematic coverage for γ p → π⁰ p. This large data set provides an important constraint on the properties …

Measurement Of Branching Fractions And Cp Asymmetries For D + S K+ (Η,Π) And D D + S → Π+(Η,Π) Decays At Belle Decays At Belle, Y. Guan, A.J. Schwartz, K. Kinoshita, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, P. Behera, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, T. Bilka, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We report measurements of the branching fractions and CP asymmetries for D ⁺ _S → K⁺η, D ⁺ _S → K⁺π⁰, and D ⁺ _S → π+η decays, and the branching fraction for D ⁺ _S → π⁺π⁰. Our results are based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 921 fb⁻¹ collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e⁺e⁻ asymmetric-energy collider. Our measurements of CP asymmetries in these decays are the most precise to date; no evidence for CP …

Measurement Of Branching Fractions And Cp Asymmetries For D+S → D + S → K+ (Η,Π;0) And D + S →Π + (Η;Π0) Decays At Belle, Y. Guan, A.J. Schwartz, K. Kinoshita, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, P. Behera, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, T. Bilka, J. Biswal, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We report measurements of the branching fractions and CP asymmetries for D⁺ _s → Kþη, Dþ s → K⁺π⁰, and D⁺ _s → πþη decays, and the branching fraction for Dþ s → π⁺π⁰. Our results are based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 921 fb⁻¹ collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e⁺e⁻ asymmetric-energy collider. Our measurements of CP asymmetries in these decays are the most precise to date; no evidence for CP violation is found.

Complexes With Atomic Gold Ions: Efficient Bisligand Formation, Felix Duensing, Elisabeth Gruber, Paul Martini, Marcelo Goulart, Michael Gatchell, Bilal Rasul, Olof E. Echt, Fabio Zappa, Masoomeh Mahmoodi-Darian, Paul Scheier

Faculty Publications

Complexes of atomic gold with a variety of ligands have been formed by passing helium nanodroplets (HNDs) through two pickup cells containing gold vapor and the vapor of another dopant, namely a rare gas, diatomic molecule (H₂, N₂, O₂, I₂, P₂), or various polyatomic molecules (H₂O, CO₂, SF₆, C₆H₆, adamantane, imidazole, di-cyclopentadiene, and fullerene). The doped HNDs were irradiated by electrons; ensuing cations were identified in a high-resolution mass spectrometer. Anions were detected for benzene, di-cyclopentadiene, and fullerene. For most …

Sphincs_Bssn: A General Relativistic Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Code For Dynamical Spacetimes, S. Rosswog, P. Diener

Faculty Publications

We present a new methodology for simulating self-gravitating general-relativistic fluids. In our approach the fluid is modelled by means of Lagrangian particles in the framework of a general-relativistic (GR) smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation, while the spacetime is evolved on a mesh according to the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formulation that is also frequently used in Eulerian GR-hydrodynamics. To the best of our knowledge this is the first Lagrangian fully general relativistic hydrodynamics code (all previous SPH approaches used approximations to GR-gravity). A core ingredient of our particle-mesh approach is the coupling between the gas (represented by particles) and the spacetime (represented …

Biologically-Based Mathematical Modeling Of Tumor Vasculature And Angiogenesis Via Time-Resolved Imaging Data, David A. Hormuth, Caleb M. Phillips, Chengyue Wu, Ernesto A.B.F. Lima, Guillermo Lorenzo, Prashant K. Jha, Angela M. Jarrett, J. Tinsley Oden, Thomas E. Yankeelov

Faculty Publications

Tumor-associated vasculature is responsible for the delivery of nutrients, removal of waste, and allowing growth beyond 2–3 mm3. Additionally, the vascular network, which is changing in both space and time, fundamentally influences tumor response to both systemic and radiation therapy. Thus, a robust understanding of vascular dynamics is necessary to accurately predict tumor growth, as well as establish optimal treatment protocols to achieve optimal tumor control. Such a goal requires the intimate integration of both theory and experiment. Quantitative and time-resolved imaging methods have emerged as technologies able to visualize and characterize tumor vascular properties before and during therapy at …

An Innovative Signal Timing Strategy For Implementing Contraflow Left-Turn Lanes At Signalized Intersections With Split Phasing, Rongwei Guo, Jinli Liu, Yi Qi

Faculty Publications

Contraflow Left-Turn Lanes (CLLs) have the potential of being a solution for mitigating congestions at signalized intersections where split phasing is recommended or required. However, the current signal timing strategy for the intersections with CLLs cannot be directly applied at the signalized intersections with split phasing (SIWSP). To address this problem, this study proposed an innovative signal timing strategy, which is referred to as Counterclockwise Split Phasing (CSP) signal timing, for implementing the CLLs at the SIWSPs. A traffic simulation-based case study was conducted and the results indicate that, by using the proposed CSP signal timing plan, CLLs can be …