Digital Commons Network^™

Accountability Through Thick And Thin: Preliminary Explorations, Melvin J. Dubnick

Faculty Publications

This document explores the concepts of thick and thin accountability, their theoretical distinctions, and implications for governance and democratic responsibility.

The Bible And Pedagogy, Andrea Luxton

Faculty Publications

This paper seeks to identify and explore some of the pedagogical principles practiced in the Bible. To limit the extent of the discussion, the four “ideals” of pedagogy identified by the National Research Council will be used as a framework for the study. Two levels of teaching will be explored: the principles and practice we see within the inspired text as God interacts with humanity; and the principles and practice found in the way that the Bible as an inspired text itself becomes a teacher to its readers. Finally in each of the four areas this paper will consider what …

No Child Left Behind: Flowers Don’T Grow In The Desert, William T. Armaline, D Levy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

“It Has Seemed Good To The Holy Spirit And To Us”: Mission And Ecumenism In The Power Of The Holy Spirit, Lois E. Malcolm

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of Little Detours: The Letters And Plays Of Luise Gottsched, By Susanne Kord, Carol A. Leibiger

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Multiculturalism And The Future Of Tribal Sovereignty, Scott C. Idleman

Faculty Publications

American Indian tribes would appear to be natural constituents and beneficiaries of the multiculturalism movement. Their members are generally conceptualized as racial or ethnic minorities; they have endured social and legal oppression and continue to encounter structural and even intentional discrimination; and, not least importantly, they possess genuinely different cultures and consequently add diverse perspectives to society. Despite this apparent fit, this Article questions the extent to which tribes and tribal members actually should align themselves with multicultural proponents and initiatives. The basis for this inquiry is that, unlike other societal subgroups, each recognized tribe is a distinct geopolitical entity …

Ake V. Oklahoma: The Right To Expert Assistance In A Post-Daubert, Post-Dna World, Paul C. Giannelli

Faculty Publications

Although securing the services of defense experts to examine evidence, to advise counsel, and to testify at trial is frequently critical in modern criminal litigation, it was not until 1985 that the United States Supreme Court in Ake v. Oklahoma, 470 U.S. 68 (1985), recognized, for the first time, a constitutional right to expert assistance. In a system in which an overwhelming majority of criminal defendants are indigent, Ake was a landmark case. Nevertheless, the Ake Court could not have anticipated how the advent of DNA evidence would revolutionize forensic science or how the Daubert trilogy would alter the judicial …

Relations Between Lawyer And Client In Damages: Model, Typical, Or Dysfunctional?, Rodney J. Uphoff

Faculty Publications

This essay begins, therefore, by briefly examining the question of what constitutes good lawyering. The essay acknowledges the difficulty of defining precisely what is good lawyering. In fact, scholars, judges, and lawyers often disagree markedly when they characterize lawyer behavior using the term. Not surprising, then, even though academic commentators routinely trumpet the importance of establishing a meaningful attorney-client relationship as an important aspect of good lawyering, not all in the legal profession embrace that view.8Indeed, the debate about the importance of a good lawyer-client relationship largely reflects contrasting attitudes within the legal profession about the client's role in the …

Context Of Learning And Second Language Fluency In French: Comparing Regular Classroom, Study Abroad And Intensive Domestic Immersion Programs, Barbara F. Freed, Norman Segalowitz, Dan Dewey

Faculty Publications

We compared the acquisition of various dimensions of fluency by 28 students of French studying in three different learning contexts: formal language classrooms in an at home (AH) institution, an intensive summer immersion (IM) program, and a study abroad (SA) setting. For the purpose of oral data collection, students participated in oral interviews (similar to the Oral Proficiency Interview) at the beginning and the end of the semester and provided information regarding language use and interactions. Analyses included comparisons of gain scores as a function of the learning context and as a function of the time reported using French outside …

Darfur And The Rhetoric Of Genocide, Beth Van Schaack

Faculty Publications

The ancient concept of humanitarian intervention has become the subject of renewed debate and discussion at the inter-governmental level, within the non-governmental sector, and in the academy. This concept can be defined as the intervention into the territorial state by another state or a collective of states, with or without authorization from the United Nations Security Council, for the promotion or protection of basic human rights where the territorial state is perpetuating abuses or is unable or unwilling to provide the necessary protection to its inhabitants. Although intrigued by the concept in theory, interested parties are grappling with the specifics …

Content Analysis Of The Leading General Academic Databases, Kelly D. Blessinger, Maureen Olle-Lajoie

Faculty Publications

Title lists from the three leading general academic databases were compared to evaluate journal content. Some of the elements that were analyzed include subject coverage, the quality of titles provided, accessibility issues, and trends over time for these databases. While database title lists are now readily available on the Internet for comparison, as our article illustrates, these lists need further evaluation for proper assessment.

A Comparison Of Reading Development By Learners Of Japanese In Intensive Domestic Immersion And Study Abroad Contexts, Dan Dewey

Faculty Publications

To investigate the role of context in reading development, a comparison of reading comprehension and processes was conducted between learners of Japanese as a second language in study abroad (SA; n = 15) and intensive domestic (in the United States) immersion (IM; n = 15) contexts. A significant difference was found between contexts in pretest to posttest gains on only one measure of reading comprehension, a self-assessment. Differences on the two other measures of comprehension—free-recall and vocabulary knowledge—were not significant. The self-assessment measure indicated that SA students felt more confident reading the second language than their IM counterparts. In terms …

Paradoxes Of Health And Equality: When A Boy Becomes A Girl, Noa Ben-Asher

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

In the fall of 2000, six-year-old male Zachary from a small town in Ohio, claimed that s/he was a girl and requested, from now on, to be called Aurora. When the child's parents honored this unusual wish and made efforts to make official the child's feminine identity, the case turned into a custody battle between the parents and the state of Ohio. Although the child was occasionally treated as a girl at home from the age of two, the attempt to register the child in public school as a girl motivated the state dissolution of this family. At the …

Resolving Automatic Prepositional Phrase Attachments By Non-Statistical Means, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Michael B. Manookin

Faculty Publications

Prepositional-phrase attachment is a topic of active research in the field of computational linguistics. Properly attaching prepositional phrases to their pertinent constituent proves straightforward for humans, but inferring these attachments in a cognitive modeling system becomes difficult. For example, in the sentence, ‘Ralph threw the frisbee to John,’ the prepositional phrase ‘to John’ will attach to the verb phrase ‘threw’. In another example, ‘Joe saw the dog with fur,’ the prepositional phrase ‘with fur’ will attach directly to the noun phrase ‘the dog.’ Humans would have little difficulty resolving these examples, but for computers this would be difficult.

Combining Learning Approaches For Incremental On-Line Parsing, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Michael B. Manookin

Faculty Publications

This paper discusses the integration of two different machine learning approaches to modeling language, NL-Soar and analogical modeling (AM). The resulting hybrid system is capable of functionality that is not possible when using only one of the systems in isolation. After a brief introduction of each system, an explanation is given of how AM is used to provide information useful to NL-Soar for two tasks. Examples are given, and related issues are outlined.

Connections Between Teacher And Student Attitudes Regarding Script Choice In First-Year Japanese Language Classrooms, Dan Dewey

Faculty Publications

This study investigates connections between teacher and student attitudes related to the delayed (or immediate) introduction of Japanese script in the Japanese language classroom. Two groups of students completed questionnaires concerning their attitudes toward the immediate or delayed introduction of Japanese script and the use of romaji (romanized Japanese) in the Japanese as a second language classroom. The first group was introduced to Japanese script immediately, and romaji was not used in their textbook. The second group used a romaji textbook and was introduced toJapanese script at a later time and a slower rate. Teacher attitudes were also assessed using …

Nietzsche’S Place In Nineteenth Century German Philosophy, Michael S. Green

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

"Secret Combinations": A Legal Analysis, Nathan B. Oman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Language Contact Profile, Barbara F. Freed, Dan Dewey, Norman Segalowitz, Randall Halter

Faculty Publications

Efforts to gather data of various sorts—demographics, language-learning history, contact with native speakers, use of the language in the field—as they relate to participants in SLA research studies are inherent to understanding more about language acquisition and use. Scholars frequently develop questionnaires of their own, which are rarely shared widely in the profession. Consequently, much time and effort is invested in reinventing the process of gathering the types of data that are commonly needed.

The document we present here—a questionnaire to assess second language contact for students entering and completing language study programs in various contexts of learning (academic classrooms, …

Selecting For A Diverse Public Health Workforce - Community Health Education Mph Program For Admissi, Edward M. Mamary

Faculty Publications

The population of California continues to become more diverse; it has become increasingly important for California universities to provide graduate education to underrepresented groups and to prepare culturally competent health educators whose skills are adapted to these dynamic demographic changes. This paper describes the graduate admissions requirements of the four California-based graduate programs in Community Health Education (CHE) accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH ) and uses the graduate admissions process at San Jose State University as a case example for selecting a cohort that reflects the cultural and linguistic diversity of the state. The use …

Embodied Perceptual Practices: Towards An Embrained And Embodied Model Of Mind For Use In Actor Training And Rehearsal, Shannon Rose Riley

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Computational Approach To Resolving Certain Issues In Spanish Stress Placement, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

Previous research into Spanish stress assignment suggests that accentuation involves learning and storing individual word tokens along with their inherent stress patterns, and analogizing on stored words when the need arises to determine the stress pattern of an unknown or unavailable word. Exactly what variables are most relevant to stress assignment has been hotly debated. In the present study, a number of analogical simulations were carried out to determine whether elements of the CV tier, syllable weight, phonemic representation, or a combination of these, best accounts for accentuation in Spanish.

Integrating Perception, Language And Problem Solving In A Cognitive Agent For A Mobile Robot., Deryle W. Lonsdale, D. Paul Benjamin, Damian M. Lyons

Faculty Publications

We are implementing a unified cognitive architecture for a mobile robot. Our goal is to endow a robot agent with the full range of cognitive abilities, including perception, use of natural language, learning and the ability to solve complex problems. The perspective of this work is that an architecture based on a unified theory of robot cognition has the best chance of attaining human-level performance.

This agent architecture is an integration of three theories: a theory of cognition embodied in the Soar system, the RS formal model of sensorimotor activity and an algebraic theory of decomposition and reformulation.

These three …

Adapt: A Cognitive Architecture For Robots, Deryle W. Lonsdale, D. Paul Benjamin, Damian M. Lyons

Faculty Publications

The goal of the ADAPT project is to create a robot that can model its environment accurately in real time, and use that model to perform tasks and interact with people using natural language.

Expanding Tree Adjoining Grammar To Create Junction Grammar Trees, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Ronald Millett

Faculty Publications

Junction Grammar (JG) combines junction operators, multiple linked syntax/semantics trees, and flexible traversal algorithms. The multiple tree and flexible ordering characteristics of MC-TAG and other TAG extensions are somewhat analogous. This paper proposes that these similarities can be integrated to form a new approach, JG-TAG. Relevant aspects of both theories and the proposed new model are discussed in turn, and representative examples are sketched.

Description Of A Program For Social Language Intervention: “If You Can Have A Conversation, You Can Have A Relationship, Lee Robinson, Bonnie Brinton, Martin Fujiki

Faculty Publications

Adolescents with impaired language comprehension and formulation skills often experience difficulty keeping up with the linguistic and social demands of peer interaction. This clinical exchange describes an individualized treatment program designed to increase the conversational skill of an adolescent male with language impairment. Treatment focused on increasing awareness of the listener’s needs and on balancing the exchange of conversational turns. Clinical performance, parent report, and client report were used to assess outcomes.

Only A Rite, David Lee Miller

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child Welfare Practices And Ethnic/Racial Disproportionality In The Child Welfare System, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Julian Chow, Alfred Perez, Lonnie Snowden

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Methods For Estimating Long-Distance Dispersal, Ran Nathan, Gad Perry, James T. Cronin, Allan E. Strand, Michael L. Cain

Faculty Publications

Long-distance dispersal (LDD) includes events in which propagules arrive, but do not necessarily establish, at a site far removed from their origin. Although important in a variety of ecological contexts, the system-specific nature of LDD makes "far removed" difficult to quantify, partly, but not exclusively, because of inherent uncertainty typically involved with the highly stochastic LDD processes. We critically review the main methods employed in studies of dispersal, in order to facilitate the evaluation of their pertinence to specific aspects of LDD research. Using a novel classification framework, we identify six main methodological groups: biogeographical; Eulerian and Lagrangian movement/redistributional; short-term …

Rules And Fuzzy Rules In Text: Concept, Extraction And Usage, D. H. Kraft, M. J. Martín-Bautista, J. Chen, D. Sánchez

Faculty Publications

Several concepts and techniques have been imported from other disciplines such as Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence to the field of textual data. In this paper, we focus on the concept of rule and the management of uncertainty in text applications. The different structures considered for the construction of the rules, the extraction of the knowledge base and the applications and usage of these rules are detailed. We include a review of the most relevant works of the different types of rules based on their representation and their application to most of the common tasks of Information Retrieval such as …