Digital Commons Network^™

Co2 Electrolysis Using Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Cells With Infiltrated Pr0.5Sr0.4Mn0.2Fe0.8O3−Δ Catalyst, Boxun Hu, Ka-Young Park, Asia Sarycheva, Robert Kostecki, Fanglin Chen, Michael C. Tucker

Faculty Publications

Electrochemical conversion of CO₂ to CO is demonstrated with symmetric-structured metal supported solid oxide cells (MS-SOC). Perovskite Pr_0.5Sr_0.4Mn_0.2Fe0.8O_3−δ (PSMF) and Pr₆O₁₁ catalysts were infiltrated into the MS-SOC cathode and anode, using 3 cycles with firing at 850 °C and 8 cycles with firing at 800 °C, respectively. Upon reduction during operation, the perovskite PSMF was transformed to Ruddlesden–Popper structure with a highly efficient electrocatalytic activity. The impact of operating temperature (600–800 °C) and overpotential (0–1.8 V) on the CO₂ conversion was investigated. The highest CO₂ conversion …

Chemical Damping Of The Motion Of A Piston: Irreversibilities Arising From Nonequilibrium Conditions On The Chemical Potential, David S. Corti, Mark J. Uline

Faculty Publications

We revisit the thermodynamic analysis of an isothermal ideal gas mixture enclosed within a cylinder and separated from the surrounding atmosphere by a movable and frictionless piston. When equilibrium conditions based on the chemical potentials of one or more species in the mixture are not satisfied at all times, which occurs for example for a chemical reaction with finite and non-zero reaction rates in the forward and reverse directions and for mass transfer of one species across a permeable membrane occurring at a finite and non-zero rate, an irreversibility is necessarily introduced into the system with a resulting increase in …

Maximum Spread Of KS,T - Minor-Free Graphs, William Linz, Linyuan Li, Zhiyu Wang

Faculty Publications

The spread of a graph G is the difference between the largest and smallest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of G. In this paper, we consider the family of graphs which contain no K_s,t-minor. We show that for any t ≥ s ≥ 2 and sufficiently large n, there is an integer ξ_t such that the extremal n-vertex K_s,t-minor-free graph attaining the maximum spread is the graph obtained by joining a graph L on (s − 1) vertices to the disjoint union of ⌊(2n + ξ …

Associations Between Social Determinants Of Health And Mental Health Disorders Among U.S. Population: A Cross-Sectional Study, S. Tanarsuwongkul

Faculty Publications

Aims

The impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on mental health is increasingly realized. A comprehensive study examining the associations of SDOH with mental health disorders has yet to be accomplished. This study evaluated the associations between five domains of SDOH and the SDOH summary score and mental health disorders in the United States.

Methods

We analyzed data from a diverse group of participants enrolled in the All of Us research programme, a research programme to gather data from one million people living in the United States, in a cross-sectional design. The primary exposure was SDOH based on Healthy …

2 Kv Al0.64Ga0.36N-Channel High Electron Mobility Transistors With Passivation And Field Plates, Md Tahmidul Alam, Jiahao Chen, Kenneth Stephenson, Md Abdullah-Al Mamun, Abdullah Al Mamun Mazumder, Shubhra S. Pasayat, Asif Khan, Chirag Gupta

Faculty Publications

High voltage (∼2 kV) Al_0.64Ga_0.36N-channel high electron mobility transistors were fabricated with an on-resistance of ∼75 Ω. mm (∼21 mΩ. cm²). Two field plates of variable dimensions were utilized to optimize the breakdown voltage. The breakdown voltage reached >3 kV (tool limit) before passivation however it reduced to ∼2 kV after Si₃N₄ surface passivation and field plate deposition. The breakdown voltage and on-resistance demonstrated a strong linear correlation in a scattered plot of ∼50 measured transistors. The fabricated transistors were electrically characterized and benchmarked against the state-of-the-art high-voltage (> 1 kV) …

Gotta Take My Avatar Shopping: Impacts Of Interactive Virtual Shopping In Esport, Yongjin Hwang, Keshav Gupta

Faculty Publications

Purpose

Esports game developers are incorporating interactive virtual shopping (IVS) experiences into their products to facilitate consumer–brand interactions. Despite the potential influence of IVS, existing research lacks an understanding of its impact on consumers’ overall affect– particularly game enjoyment, a critical factor in sustaining engagement with esports products – and on attitudinal change toward brands in the real world.

Design/methodology/approach

An experiment was designed to examine the impact of shopping in the virtually interactive esports marketplace on game enjoyment. Mediating effects of positive change in brand attitude, perceived realism and character attachment and the moderating effect of self-avatar gender congruity …

Translanguaging: Old Wine In A New Bottle, Or New Wine?, Kristin Lems

Faculty Publications

The conversation about translanguaging is creating waves around the world, and Illinois is no exception. This column serves to remind the reader of some of the antecedents to this influential concept (“old wine”), predicts how this movement may affect your education setting (“new bottle”), and lays out a few of the aspects of translanguaging that may indeed be “new wine.”

Between Pedagogical Content Knowledge And Confidence: A Case Study Of Pronunciation Training And Teacher Preparation, Lena Barrantes-Elizondo, Joshua Gordon

Faculty Publications

While many teachers do not feel confident teaching pronunciation because of limited preparation in different areas, research has demonstrated positive effects of training in pronunciation pedagogy, as teachers who receive such training develop cognitions (i.e., knowledge, beliefs, thoughts, actions) that align with current tenets of pronunciation pedagogy. Drawing on this assertion, this paper reports the results of a qualitative case study with five pre-service teaching-English-to-speakers-of-other-languages (TESOL) teachers enrolled in a pedagogical pronunciation course as part of their teacher training program. The study’s main purpose was to understand the role of training in developing content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge …

Co-Development Of A Gamified Physical Education Movement Competence Intervention With School Stakeholders, Jenna Rice, Lawrence Foweather, Jonathan Foulkes, Ceriann Magill, An V. De Meester, David F. Stodden Ph.D., Matthieu Lenoir, Katie Fitton Davies

Faculty Publications

Movement competence (MC) and emotional intelligence (EI) are positively associated and important for child development. Intervention research is needed to determine causal relationships between these outcomes. Gamification is a pedagogical model that may enhance MC and EI, but implementing interventions in schools is complex and requires multi-stakeholder involvement to ensure feasibility, acceptability and sustainability. However, methodological evidence to inform co-development work within physical education (PE) is lacking and further research is required. This study describes the process of co-developing a gamified PE intervention with school stakeholders to increase MC and EI among primary-aged children. A total of 91 children and …

"It Would Ruin My Life”:Pacific Islander Male Adolescents’ Perceptions Of Mental Health Help-Seeking Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Focus Group Study, Melia Fonoimoana Garrett, Elizabeth Cutrer, G. E. Kawika Allen, Ellie Young, Kristopher J. Urbina, Isabel Medina Hull

Faculty Publications

Given rising mental health concerns among Pacific Islander (PI) adolescents, this population remains underserved by available mental health resources. This interpretative phenomenological analysis with focus groups (IPA-FG) examined the lived experiences and perceptions of 19 male PI adolescents (ages 14–16) from Native Hawaiian, Maori, Samoan, and Tongan backgrounds regarding mental health help-seeking behaviors. Four overarching themes emerged: stigma and judgment, cultural misalignment in professional services, impact of disclosure and perceived punitive consequences, and a complex ecosystem of trusted relationships as mental health support. Notably, participants expressed belief that disclosing mental health challenges would “ruin their lives” and held misconceptions about …

Addressing Methodological Challenges In Follow-Up Rcts During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Impact Of The Good Behavior Game And Myteachingpartner™ On Teacher Burnout And Self-Efficacy, Alexa C. Budvari, Heather L. Mcdaniel, Antonio A. Morgan-López, Rashelle J. Musci, Jason T. Downer, Nicholas S. Isalongo, Catherine P. Bradshaw

Faculty Publications

Retention of early career teachers is a critical issue in education, with burnout and self-efficacy serving as important precursors to teachers leaving the field. An integration of the PAX Good Behavior Game (GBG; Barrish et al., 1969) and MyTeachingPartner (MTP; Allen et al., 2015) was tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate whether the combined programs would improve long-term outcomes for early career teachers. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a higher proportion of missing data and attrition in follow-up data collection than otherwise would have been expected. The current paper focused specifically on …

Is Frequent Emergency Department Use A Complement Or Substitute For Other Healthcare Services? Evidence From South Carolina Medicaid Enrollees, Theodoros V. Giannouchos, Ronald G. Pirrallo, Brad Wright Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Objective

To compare healthcare services utilization across the healthcare system between frequent and non-frequent emergency department (ED) users among Medicaid enrollees in South Carolina.

Study Setting and Design

We conducted a retrospective, longitudinal study of individuals with at least one ED visit in 2017 in South Carolina and identified their healthcare services visits over 730 days (2 years) after their first ED visit. We classified individuals based on intensity of ED use: superfrequent (≥9 ED visits/year), frequent (4–8 ED visits/year), and non-frequent ED users (≤3 visits/year). We estimated differences between the three groups of ED users and non-ED hospital and …

Injunctive Restraint, Cassandra Burke Robertson

Faculty Publications

Preliminary injunctions against government action have evolved from extraordinary remedies into routine instruments of political contestation, with both Republican and Democratic administrations finding their initiatives halted by nationwide judicial orders. These injunctions serve vital functions in our constitutional system—preventing irreparable harm to fundamental rights and providing necessary checks on executive power in an era of congressional gridlock. Yet their increasing use has generated legitimate institutional concerns, particularly when a single district judge, often selected through strategic forum shopping, can unilaterally suspend national policies of significant importance. This Article examines this tension between the necessary role of nationwide injunctions in protecting …

Causation’S Due Process Dimensions, Cassandra Burke Robertson, Charles W. "Rocky" Rhodes

Faculty Publications

For decades, courts have grappled with the tension between compensating victims of mass harms and maintaining fairness to defendants when causation is difficult to prove. This Article argues that the Supreme Court’s due process jurisprudence provides a relevant framework for navigating this tension. We contend that the Court over the last three decades has established a consistent due process approach in punitive damages and personal jurisdiction cases, which is rooted in antecedents tracing to the nineteenth century and relies on a nexus of interests that balances individual rights, state interests, and federalism concerns. This framework, we argue, has significant implications …

Analysis Of Phytochemicals In Watercress Leaves Using Chromatographic, Spectroscopic And In-Vitro Approaches, Bidisha Roy Sengupta

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Accident On Mount Washington: Now I Understand What It's Like To Have Panic Attacks, Chuck Radis

Faculty Publications

This is the story of how Dr. Radis developed PTSD after a mountaineering accident and how it affected him in his personal life and as a physician as he continued to practice and see patients.

Reimagining Compliance: Explainable Ai Models For Financial Regulatory Audits, Hrishikesh Desai

Faculty Publications

This chapter develops an analytical model for Explainable AI (XAI) designed to support major types of banking regulatory compliance audits. Financial institutions increasingly rely on AI for efficiency in compliance tasks, but the opacity of complex models creates challenges in meeting regulatory transparency requirements. The proposed mathematical framework incorporates explainability as a quantifiable constraint in the optimization of AI models across five critical audit categories: CAMELS examinations, BSA/AML compliance, Consumer Compliance, IT Audits, and Internal Audits. By quantifying explainability through information- theoretic measures and Shapley values, the model balances predictive performance with regulatory requirements. The methodology is validated through a …

The Importance Of Fauna-Mediated Sediment O2 Consumption In The Ngom Hypoxic Zone, Hannah Beck, Kanchan Maiti

Faculty Publications

The northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) coastal shelf adjacent to the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers system experiences strong seasonal hypoxia in the late summer and coupled physical-biological models suggest that hypoxia formation in the NGOM is sensitive to benthic biogeochemical processes. However, the processes driving sediment oxygen consumption and their relationship to bottom oxygen concentration remain enigmatic. This study for the first time concurrently measured in situ total oxygen uptake (TOU) and diffusive oxygen uptake (DOU) during two different hypoxia seasons. The relatively large DOU: TOU ratio of 0.33 ± 0.07 observed during this study suggests more significant benthic infauna …

Indirect Effects And Context Dependency In Stream Fish Invasions, William K. Annis, Lily M. Thompson, Stephen R. Midway, Julian D. Olden, Brandon K. Peoples

Faculty Publications

Aim: Invasion ecology is replete with a body of well-supported yet contradictory evidence for numerous invasion hypotheses, likely as a result of context dependency. Context dependency in invasion studies can arise in two ways: (1) apparent, when results differ between studies solely due to methodical differences, or (2) mechanistic, when results truly differ due to ecological processes. One form of apparent context dependency occurs when causally linked factors associated with invasion success (hereafter, invasion drivers) either mask or enhance each other's effect on invasion success. Mechanistic context dependency can occur when regional scale processes modify the influence of local scale …

Flood Risk And Mitigation Calculator Tool To Support Decision-Making For Enhancing Community Resilience: A Case Study Of The U.S.A. Gulf Coastal Region, Rubayet Bin Mostafiz, Ayat Al Assi, Arash Taghinezhad, Carol J. Friedland, Robert V. Rohli, Md Adilur Rahim, Christopher T. Emrich, Melanie Gall, Eric Johnson

Faculty Publications

Real-estate websites make it easy to find and access information about a home. Information on property value, square footage, number of rooms, quality of schools, crime rates, and more is readily available. Some of these platforms have begun integrating climate-related risks in generic ways. However, this information provides limited if any actionable value and is unlikely to guide people’s decision-making on buying or renting a home, deciding where to vacation, or investing in a property. Making residents aware of the natural hazard risks to which their homes may be exposed is an important component of making communities more resilient. Both …

Trajectory Of Coastal Wetland Soil Physical And Microbial Properties 6+ Years After Thin Layer Placement Sediment Amendment, Jacob Z. Cheng, Jacob F. Berkowitz, John R. White

Faculty Publications

The intentional thin layer placement (TLP) of dredged sediment is an increasingly popular approach to maintaining marsh elevation and restoring degraded marshes, which can improve conditions for vegetation establishment. Prior TLP restoration projects, assessed shortly after construction, evaluated soil, hydrology, plant, and faunal responses. However, few long-term studies (>3 yrs) investigate TLP-induced shifts in soil properties and especially properties related to biogeochemical cycling. In response, this study revisited a salt marsh 6+ years after TLP restoration and determined both soil physiochemical and microbial properties related to plant growth (nitrogen (N) mineralization) and water quality improvement (denitrification). Data were compared …

The Impact Of Seasonal Hydrological Disturbances On The Presence And Formation Of Toxic Cyanobacteria Blooms In Coastal Louisiana, Courtney Nicole Hammond, Sibel Bargu, Caitlin R.R. Turner, Matthew Hiatt, John R. White

Faculty Publications

Estuaries in the Gulf, especially Lake Pontchartrain Estuary in southeastern Louisiana, USA, are experiencing significant changes due to climate change and coastal restoration efforts. Lake Pontchartrain Estuary receives nutrient-rich Mississippi River water through a controlled diversion called Bonnet Carré Spillway (BCS), which has been associated with toxic cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs). This study examines the seasonal factors influencing cyanoHABs in the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary when the BCS is closed, addressing gaps in the understanding of HABs related to other physical drivers. Field samples collected in 2021, during the closure of the spillway, revealed significant evidence of seasonal variations in cyanoHAB formation. …

Corrigendum: Diatom Transcriptional And Physiological Responses To Changes In Iron Bioavailability Across Ocean Provinces (Frontiers In Marine Science, (2017), 4, (360), 10.3389/Fmars.2017.00360), Natalie R. Cohen, Kelsey A. Ellis, Robert H. Lampe, Heather Mcnair, Benjamin S. Twining, Maria T. Maldonado, Mark A. Brzezinski, Fedor I. Kuzminov, Kimberlee Thamatrakoln, Claire P. Till, Kenneth W. Bruland, William G. Sunda, Sibel Bargu, Adrian Marchetti

Faculty Publications

In the published article, there was an error in Figure 3 as published. The initial (T0) phytoplankton community composition at site C2 was incorrectly displayed, with prasinophytes erroneously appearing as relatively abundant taxa. The corrected Figure 3 appears below. The average transcript proportions of phytoplankton taxa (outer charts) and diatom genera (inner charts) from initial seawater (T0) and during the first time point (T1; see Supplementary Table 1) within the Fe addition (Fe) and DFB addition (DFB) treatments at each site. Note that for site O5, the T2 control (Ctl) treatment is provided as the Fe-limited comparison. A text correction …

Photogrammetric Determination Of Movement Speed Of Invasive Indo-Pacific Lionfish In The Florida Keys, Neal Kolonay, Cassandra N. Glaspie

Faculty Publications

As a key determinant of how efficiently lionfish (Pterois sp.) locate and capture prey, swimming speed plays a crucial role in shaping the predator-prey interactions and broader ecological dynamics within the invaded ecosystems. Swimming speed on a small temporal and spatial scale is difficult to measure because of the need for precise measurements of both distance and duration of the behavior. Using photogrammetry by way of stereo-camera setups is ideal for analyzing the minutiae of lionfish behaviors because it can include the benefits of remote video traps coupled with precise measurements of movements in three-dimensional space and time. The primary …

Comparison Of Two Benthic Assemblage Sampling Gears For Use On Intertidal Oyster Reefs In Louisiana, Finella M. Campanino, Stephanie K. Archer, Jillian C. Tupitza, Cassandra N. Glaspie, Megan K. La Peyre

Faculty Publications

Background: Estuarine biodiversity plays a vital role in supporting ecosystem functions yet remains threatened by climate change and anthropogenic activity. Tracking and identifying estuarine biodiversity trends helps management ensure long-term provisions of human and environmental benefits by contributing to the estimation of habitat loss and the monitoring of restoration and conservation progress. However, results obtained using different sampling gears and different biodiversity metrics may lead researchers to reach different conclusions, which can lead to uncertainty in the actual state of the ecosystem-level biodiversity. Sampling benthic biodiversity in complex estuarine habitats, such as oyster reefs, is particularly challenging because no one …

Housing Sexual Harassment: A Department Of Justice Case Study, Rigel C. Oliveri

Faculty Publications

Sexual harassment in housing-when tenants or prospective tenants are sexually harassed by their landlords, housing providers, or other people associated with their housing-is a clear national problem. In 2019 the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) announced an initiative to bring attention to this issue, as well as a shared commitment to increased enforcement against harassers.

This enforcement push provides an opportunity for study. In particular, there are now a significant number of complaints and other litigation documents posted to the DOJ's website that provide a convenient and robust sample for analysis. The …

A Silence After Slaughter-House: Nineteenth-Century State Constitutional Substantive Rights, Liberties, And Privileges, Charles W. "Rocky" Rhodes

Faculty Publications

In rejecting federal constitutional challenges to the Louisiana legislature’s exclusive butchering grant in the Slaughter-House Cases, the United States Supreme Court opined that it was the states’ obligation to protect fundamental privileges, such as rights to acquire and possess property, engage in trade and commerce, and pursue happiness, subject only to those restraints necessary for the public good. But the states met this charge with silence. State courts across the nation consistently parroted Slaughter-House’s reasoning, even while occasionally acknowledging the decision did not bind their interpretation of state constitutional provisions guaranteeing fundamental rights, liberties, privileges, and immunities. Although two states …

303 Creative, Exclusive Private Enforcement, And Blue-State Revenge, Charles W. "Rocky" Rhodes, Howard W. Wasserman

Faculty Publications

Red states have made exclusive private enforcement schemes targeting locally unpopular but constitutionally protected conduct a cornerstone of culture-war legal strategy. Laws such the Texas Heartbeat Act (“S.B. 8”) in 2021 and anti-“WOKE” laws forego public enforcement in favor of private enforcement; this precludes federal rights-holders from vindicating their rights through pre-enforcement offensive litigation in federal court against the government or government officials responsible for enforcing the law. This threatens rights-holders with defending a state-court wave of costly and burdensome litigation to adjudicate the law’s constitutional validity.

Blue states and liberal scholars and advocates have sought a progressive counterpart targeting …

Exploring Rubrics And Ai, Beth Bailey

Faculty Publications

In the evolving landscape of educational assessment, rubrics have long been considered essential tools that bridge the gap between subjective evaluation and objective measurement of student performance (Bean, 2011). As educational institutions increasingly embrace digital learning environments, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in rubric development can represent a significant advancement in assessment methodology. This paper explores the fundamental principles of rubric design, examines various types of rubrics, and investigates how AI tools can enhance the creation and implementation of effective assessment instruments.

The importance of clear, consistent, and fair assessment cannot be overstated in educational contexts. Rubrics serve …

The Efficacy And Usability Of Motivational Interviewing Just-In-Time Trainings For Youth Mentors, Mackenzie J. Hart, Samuel D. Mcquillin, Aidyn Iachini Ph.D., Msw, Lsw, Daniel K. Cooper, Mark D. Weist

Faculty Publications

Using youth mentors to deliver evidence-based psychosocial services has been proposed to increase the reach of treatments, in part given the affordability and ubiquity of mentors in youth settings. Further, tests of mentor-delivered motivational interviewing (MI) have shown increases in youth mentees' academic performance and wellbeing. Yet, traditional methods of training mentors to use MI can be costly and time-consuming. Previous work has suggested the value of asynchronous, brief, just-in-time training (JITT) to help offset these challenges; however, MI JITT for mentors has not yet been formally evaluated. As such, here, we report on a preliminary study of MI JITT …