Digital Commons Network^™

External Stoma Diversion: A Palliative Measure For Peristomal Wound Healing In Resource-Limited Settings, Rachel W. Davis, Youmna A. Sherif, Catherine Anne Morrison

Faculty Publications

The provision of intestinal stoma care is challenging in austere settings due to limitations in surgical and wound care access as well as the high cost and sparsity of ostomy supplies. As a result, many surgical patients suffer from ostomy-related complications such as peristomal wounds and are unable to find relief for these complications from standard treatments and measures. This article describes the external stoma diversion, a cost-effective palliative surgical procedure that assists in the healing of peristomal wounds in resource-limited settings.

Parkindex: Validation And Application Of A Pragmatic Measure Of Park Access And Use, Andrew T. Kaczynski, S. Morgan Hughey, Ellen W. Stowe, Marilyn E. Wende, J. Aaron Hipp, Elizabeth L. Oliphant, Jasper Schipperijn

Faculty Publications

Composite metrics integrating park availability, features, and quality for a given address or neighborhood are lacking. The purposes of this study were to describe the validation, application, and demonstration of ParkIndex in four diverse communities. This study occurred in Fall 2018 in 128 census block groups within Seattle(WA), Brooklyn(NY), Raleigh(NC), and Greenville County(SC). All parks within a half-mile buffer were audited to calculate a composite park quality score, and select households provided data about use of proximal parks via an online, map-based survey. For each household, the number of parks, total park acreage, and average park quality score within one …

Monitoring The Spatial Spread Of Covid-19 And Effectiveness Of Control Measures Through Human Movement Data: Proposal For A Predictive Model Using Big Data Analytics, Zhenlong Li, Xiaoming Li, Dwayne Porter Ph.D., Jiajia Zhang Ph.D., Yuqin Jiang, Bankole Olatosi Ph.D., Sharon Weissman

Faculty Publications

Background: Human movement is one of the forces that drive the spatial spread of infectious diseases. To date, reducing and tracking human movement during the COVID-19 pandemic has proven effective in limiting the spread of the virus. Existing methods for monitoring and modeling the spatial spread of infectious diseases rely on various data sources as proxies of human movement, such as airline travel data, mobile phone data, and banknote tracking. However, intrinsic limitations of these data sources prevent us from systematic monitoring and analyses of human movement on different spatial scales (from local to global). Objective: Big data from social …

A Patient-Centered Asthma Management Communication Intervention For Rural Latino Children: Protocol For A Waiting-List Randomized Controlled Trial, Robin Dawson, Sue P. Heiney, De Anne Hilfinger Messias, Dennis Ownby

Faculty Publications

Background: Rural Latino children with asthma suffer high rates of uncontrolled asthma symptoms, emergency department visits, and repeat hospitalizations. This vulnerable population must negotiate micro- and macrolevel challenges that impact asthma management, including language barriers, primary care access, parental time off from work, insurance coverage, distance from specialty sites, and documentation status. There are few proven interventions that address asthma management embedded within this unique context. Objective: Using a bio-ecological approach, we will determine the feasibility of a patient-centered collaborative program between rural Latino children with asthma and their families, school-based nursing programs, and primary care providers, facilitated by the …

Punishing Pill Mill Doctors: Sentencing Disparities In The Opioid Epidemic, Adam M. Gershowitz

Faculty Publications

Consider two pill mill doctors who flooded the streets with oxycodone and other dangerous opioids. The evidence against both doctors was overwhelming. They each sold millions of opioid pills. Both doctors charged addicted patients hundreds of dollars in cash for office visits that involved no physical examinations and no diagnostic tests. Instead, the doctors simply handed the patients opioids in exchange for cash. To maximize their income, both doctors conspired with street dealers to import fake patients — many of them homeless — so that the doctors could write even more prescriptions. Both doctors made millions of dollars profiting off …

From Obstacles To Opportunities: Churches Rising Above The Challenges Of Covid-19, S. Joseph Kidder, Willie Edward Hucks Ii

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Variedades: Intermediate/Advanced Spanish Conversation, Carmela V. Mattza

Faculty Publications

VARIEDADES is a Spanish conversation book for the student at the intermediate / advanced intermediate level (DELE nivel B2). Through audiovisual activities, the student is expected to put their previous knowledge into practice and continue to develop their ability to understand, write, listen and speak in Spanish.

VARIEDADES offers communicative activities that can be easily adapted into courses of different levels. In addition, it offers an appendix of activities with films and a Spanish grammar section that by subject directs the student to electronic databases that are freely accessible or are part of the Open Access platform

Chloramination Of Iopamidol- And Bromide-Spiked Waters Containing Natural Organic Matter, Nana Osei B Ackerson, Hannah K. Liberatore, Susan D. Richardson, Micheal J. Plewa, Thomas A. Ternes, Stephen E. Duirk

Faculty Publications

Iopamidol (an iodinated X-ray contrast medium) and bromide are precursors in the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The interactions of these precursors are vital to elucidate the formation of halogenated DBPs during chloramination. This work investigated the formation of total organic halogen and select individual DBPs in two laboratory-chloraminated source waters containing iopamidol and bromide. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors containing Barberton source water (BSW) and Cleveland BSW (CSW), spiked with iopamidol (5 mu M), bromide (15 mu M), and 100 mu M monochloramine. Total organic iodine concentrations were approximately equal regardless of source water since they …

Non-Parental Family Members As Brokers Of Family Social Capital: Compensatory Time Use In India, Melissa Alcaraz, Ashley Larsen Gibby, Nancy Luke

Faculty Publications

Non-parental family members are understudied but important brokers of family social capital, especially in contexts without a nuclear-family norm. We used rich time diary data from a sample of 1568 South Indian adolescents to examine the relationships between any time spent with parents, parents’ residency status, and the time spent with non-parental family members. We found that adolescents with at least one non-resident parent spent significantly more time with siblings, on average, when compared to adolescents with resident parents. We further found that adolescents spent more time with siblings in educational activities, such as studying, when they had at least …

Providing Transgender Patient Care: Athletic Trainers' Compassion And Lack Of Preparedness, Lindsey E. Eberman, Zachary K. Winkelmann Phd, Lat, Atc, Emma A. Nye, Kelcey C. Granger, Stacy E. Walker

Faculty Publications

Context

Previous researchers have indicated that athletic trainers (ATs) had a favorable view of treating transgender patients, yet the ATs did not perceive themselves as competent in their patient care knowledge or abilities.

Objective

To gain more in-depth information about ATs' knowledge and experiences regarding the health care needs of transgender student-athletes.

Design

Mixed-methods study.

Setting

Individual, semistructured follow-up interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Fifteen ATs (4 men, 10 women, 1 transgender female; age = 34 ± 9 years, experience = 11 ± 8 years) who took part in a cross-sectional survey in April 2018.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The interviews …

Transport Of N-Cd And Pre-Sorbed Pb In Saturated Porous Media, Salahaddin Kamrani, Vahab Amiri, Mosleh Kamrani, Mohammed Baalousha

Faculty Publications

Carbon dots (CDs) are a new type of nanomaterials of the carbon family with unique characteristics, such as their small size (e.g., <10 nm), high water solubility, low toxicity, and high metal affinity. Modification of CDs by Nitrogen functional groups (N-CDs) enhances their metal adsorption capacity. This study investigated the influences of pH (4, 6, and 9), ionic strength (1, 50, and 100 mM), and cation valency (Na⁺ and Ca²⁺) on the competitive adsorption of Pb to quartz and N-CD surfaces, the transport and retention of N-CDs in saturated porous media, and the capacity of N-CDs to mobilize pre-adsorbed Pb in quartz columns. Pb adsorption was higher on N-CDs than on quartz surfaces and decreased with increases in ionic strength (IS) and divalent cations (Ca²⁺) concentration. N-CD mobility in quartz columns was highest at pH of 9- and 1-mM monovalent cations …

Conceptualizing Spirituality And Religion As Psychological Processes: Validation Of The Factor Structure Of The Bmmrs, Brick Johnstone, Patricia Bruininks, Erin I. Smith, Dong Pil Yoon, Daniel Cohen, Laird Edman, Joseph Bankard, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet

Faculty Publications

This study validated previous principal component analyses of the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS) that have been conducted with persons with diverse medical conditions and traumatic brain injuries from diverse cultures (India, US), ethnicities (African American, Caucasian, South Asian), and religions (Christian, Hindu, Muslim). Participants included 398 healthy undergraduate students who completed the BMMRS online. A principal components factor analysis identified a five factor solution accounting for 64.00% of the variance in scores, labelled as: (1) Positive Spiritual Experience; (2) Negative Spiritual Experience/Congregational Support; (3) Forgiveness; (4) Religious Practices; and (5) Positive Congregational Support. The current analysis is supportive …

Association Between Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index And Leukocyte Telomere Length In Adults: A Study From National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) 1999-2002, Lingzhi Chen, Nitin Shivaooa, Xiuxun Dong, Jingjing Ming

Faculty Publications

Background A higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with shorter telomeres. The loss of muscle mass with aging is associated with adverse outcomes. The appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) is currently used to quantify muscle mass. Objective We investigated the association of the ASMI with leukocyte telomere length in adult Americans. Methods This cross-sectional study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002 dataset. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass was defined using sex-specific thresholds of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). The telomere-to-single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) was converted to …

A Decade Review Of Triphosgene And Its Applications In Organic Reactions, Moshood O. Ganiu, Binod Nepal, Joshua P. Van Houten, Rendy Kartika

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd This review article highlights selected advances in triphosgene-enabled organic synthetic reactions that were reported in the decade of 2010–2019. Triphosgene is a versatile reagent in organic synthesis. It serves as a convenient substitute for the toxic phosgene gas. Despite its first known preparation in the late 19th century, the upward surge in the development of organic reactions using triphosgene interestingly began only three decades ago. Despite the relatively short history, triphosgene has been proven to be very useful in facilitating the preparation of a vast scope of value-added compounds, such as organohalides, acid chlorides, isocyanates, carbonyl …

The Role Of Mental Health On The Relationship Between Food Insecurity And Immunologic Outcome Among People Living With Hiv In Guangxi, China, Cheng Chen, Xueying Yang, Chengbo Zeng, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Shan Qiao Ph.D., Yuejiao Zhou

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND

Previous studies showed that food insecurity could adversely affect clinical outcomes of people living with HIV (PLWH). The mental health pathways of such effects are suggested in existing literature, but empirical data are limited in resource-limited settings.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study aims to explore the role of depressive symptoms and anxiety on the association between food insecurity and CD4 counts among a sample of 2,987 PLWH in Guangxi, China. Path analysis was used to examine a hypothetical model and delta ztest was used to assess the indirect effects of food insecurity on CD4 counts through depressive symptoms and …

Interferences On Aerosol Acidity Quantification Due To Gas-Phase Ammonia Uptake Onto Acidic Sulfate Filter Samples, Benjamin A. Nault, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Douglas A. Day, Hongyu Guo, Duseong S. Jo, Anne V. Handschy, Demetrios Pagonis, Jason C. Schroder, Melinda K. Schueneman, Michael J. Cubison, Jack E. Dibb, Alma Hodzic, Weiwei Hu, Brett B. Palm, Jose L. Jimenez

Faculty Publications

Measurements of the mass concentration and chemical speciation of aerosols are important to investigate their chemical and physical processing from near emission sources to the most remote regions of the atmosphere. A common method to analyze aerosols is to collect them onto filters and analyze the filters offline; however, biases in some chemical components are possible due to changes in the accumulated particles during the handling of the samples. Any biases would impact the measured chemical composition, which in turn affects our understanding of numerous physicochemical processes and aerosol radiative properties. We show, using filters collected onboard the NASA DC-8 …

Debt, Doubt, And Dreams: Understanding The Latino College Completion Gap, Kate Sablosky Elengold, Jess Dorrance, Robert Agans, Amanda Martinez, Patricia Foxen

Faculty Publications

We surveyed individuals who had matriculated to, but never completed, at least one college program (community college, college, university, trade school, or certificate program). With a survey sample of more than 1,500 respondents, 35 percent of whom self-identified as Latino* (Latino = 522; non-Latino = 985), we gathered critical information about the most salient barriers to college completion, especially those that disproportionately burden Latino students. Based on prior literature and research, we paid particular attention to the relationship between debt, attitudes about debt, and college completion. We organized the barriers to college completion into four categories: precollege, institutional, environmental, and …

Interleukin-17a Facilitates Chikungunya Virus Infection By Inhibiting Ifn-Α2 Expression, Biswas Neupane, Dhiraj Acharya, Farzana Nazneen, Gabriel Gonzalez-Fernandez, Alex Sutton Flynt, Fengwei Bai

Faculty Publications

Interferons (IFNs) are the key components of innate immunity and are crucial for host defense against viral infections. Here, we report a novel role of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) in inhibiting IFN-α2 expression thus promoting chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. CHIKV infected IL-17A deficient (Il17a^−/−) mice expressed a higher level of IFN-α2 and developed diminished viremia and milder footpad swelling in comparison to wild-type (WT) control mice, which was also recapitulated in IL-17A receptor-deficient (Il17ra^−/−) mice. Interestingly, IL-17A selectively blocked IFN-α2 production during CHIKV, but not West Nile virus (WNV) or Zika virus (ZIKV), infections. Recombinant IL-17A …

Dense Sampling Of Bird Diversity Increases Power Of Comparative Genomics, Shaohong Feng, Josefin Stiller, Yuan Deng, Joel Armstrong, Qi Fang, Andrew Hart Reeve, Duo Xie, Guangji Chen, Chunxue Guo, Brant C. Faircloth, Bent Petersen, Zongji Wang, Qi Zhou, Mark Diekhans, Wanjun Chen, Sergio Andreu-Sánchez, Ashot Margaryan, Jason Travis Howard, Carole Parent, George Pacheco, Mikkel Holger S. Sinding, Lara Puetz, Emily Cavill, Ângela M. Ribeiro, Leopold Eckhart, Jon Fjeldså, Peter A. Hosner, Robb T. Brumfield, Les Christidis, Mads F. Bertelsen, Thomas Sicheritz-Ponten, Dieter Thomas Tietze, Bruce C. Robertson, Gang Song

Faculty Publications

© 2020, The Author(s). Whole-genome sequencing projects are increasingly populating the tree of life and characterizing biodiversity1–4. Sparse taxon sampling has previously been proposed to confound phylogenetic inference5, and captures only a fraction of the genomic diversity. Here we report a substantial step towards the dense representation of avian phylogenetic and molecular diversity, by analysing 363 genomes from 92.4% of bird families—including 267 newly sequenced genomes produced for phase II of the Bird 10,000 Genomes (B10K) Project. We use this comparative genome dataset in combination with a pipeline that leverages a reference-free whole-genome alignment to identify orthologous regions in greater …

Development Of A Comprehensive Measure Of Organizational Readiness (Motivation × Capacity) For Implementation: A Study Protocol, Timothy J. Walker, Heather M. Brandt, Abraham Wandersman, Jonathan Scaccia, Andrea Lamont, Lauren Workman, Emanuelle Dias, Pamela M. Diamond, Derek W. Craig, Maria E. Fernandez

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Organizational readiness is important for the implementation of evidence-based interventions. Currently, there is a critical need for a comprehensive, valid, reliable, and pragmatic measure of organizational readiness that can be used throughout the implementation process. This study aims to develop a readiness measure that can be used to support implementation in two critical public health settings: federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) and schools. The measure is informed by the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation and R = MC heuristic (readiness = motivation × innovation-specific capacity × general capacity). The study aims are to adapt and further develop …

Two Kinds Of Polar Knowledge, Lawrence C. Hamilton

Faculty Publications

Outreach and communication with the public have substantial value in polar research, in which studies often find changes of global importance that are happening far out of sight from the majority of people living at lower latitudes. Seeking evidence on the effectiveness of outreach programs, the U.S. National Science Foundation sponsored large-scale survey assessments before and after the International Polar Year in 2007/2008. Polar-knowledge questions have subsequently been tested and refined through other nationwide and regional surveys. More than a decade of such work has established that basic but fairly specific knowledge questions, with all answer choices sounding plausible but …

Civilian Pepper Spray For Self Defense: Understanding User Perception And Impact Of Design On User Performance, David Strybel, Anil R. Kumar

Faculty Publications

Pepper spray is widely used in the US, and is marketed as an effective self-defense device. While pepper spray can be useful in deterring an attacker, many pepper spray owners do not have any experience using it. There is a dearth of published studies that focus on civilian pepper-spray use, not to mention first time pepper-spray users. A study to analyze pepper-spray designs with first-time users, to see how the design, specifically the safety mechanism, affects response time and overall performance would be helpful. The study was conducted in 2 parts – a survey to understand user perception, and a …

Collegiate Student-Athletes' Perceptions Of Patient-Centered Care Delivered By Athletic Trainers, Ansley Smallen Redinger, Zachary K. Winkelmann Phd, Lat, Atc, Lindsey E. Eberman

Faculty Publications

Context

The health care core competencies indicate that all medical professionals should provide patient-centered care (PCC), which is defined as care that is respectful and responsive to the patient's values and preferences, during each encounter. Objective

To identify collegiate student-athletes' definitions of PCC and measure their perceived level of PCC from an athletic trainer (AT). Design

Cross-sectional study. Setting

Mixed-methods survey. Patients or Other Participants

A total of 610 (age = 19 ± 1 year) National Collegiate Athletic Association student-athletes completed the survey. Main Outcome Measure(s)

The survey consisted of 1 open-ended question that prompted the participant to define PCC …

Social Contact, Time Alone, And Parental Subjective Well-Being: A Focus On Stay-At-Home Fathers Using The American Time Use Survey, Erin K. Holmes, Jocelyn Wikle, Clare R. Thomas, Mckell A. Jorgensen, Braquel R. Egginton

Faculty Publications

Stay-at-home fathers (SAHFs) face negative stereotypes and social stigma, which may be linked to negative feelings during social contact. In this study, we compare SAHFs' social contact and time alone to that of stay-at-home mothers and parents of other work/caregiving statuses. In addition, we analyze SAHFs' subjective well-being when with their children, spouse, noon spouse adults, and when alone to more accurately capture the positive and negative valences of their experiences. Using individual-level time-use diaries form the American Time Use Survey (N = 35, 959), a nationally representative sample, we find that compared to fathers working full time, SAHFs …

Self-Reported Health Without Clinically Measurable Benefits Among Adult Users Of Multivitamin And Multimineral Supplements: A Cross-Sectional Study, Manish D. Paranjpe, Alfred C. Chin, Ishan Paranjpe, Nicholas J. Reid, Phan Q. Duy, Jason K. Wang, Ross O'Hagan, Artine Arzani, Arsalan Haghdel, Clarence C. Lim, Vwaire Orhurhu, Ivan Urits, Anh L. Ngo, Benjamin S. Glicksberg, Kathryn T. Hall, Darshan Mehta, Richard S. Cooper, Girish N. Nadkarni

Faculty Publications

Objective Multiple clinical trials fail to identify clinically measurable health benefits of daily multivitamin and multimineral (MVM) consumption in the general adult population. Understanding the determinants of widespread use of MVMs may guide efforts to better educate the public about effective nutritional practices. The objective of this study was to compare self-reported and clinically measurable health outcomes among MVM users and non-users in a large, nationally representative adult civilian non-institutionalised population in the USA surveyed on the use of complementary health practices. Design Cross-sectional analysis of the effect of MVM consumption on self-reported overall health and clinically measurable health outcomes. …

Prevalence Of Eating Disorder Risk And Body Image Dissatisfaction Among Rotc Cadets, Allison Smith, Dawn Emerson, Zachary Winkelmann, Devin Potter, Toni Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

Injury risk is multifactorial including non-modifiable and modifiable factors such as nutrition and mental health. The purpose of this study was to estimate eating disorder risk and body image (BI) dissatisfaction among Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. A total of 102 (male: = 75, female: = 27; age: 20 ± 2 years) ROTC cadets self-reported height, current and ideal weight, and completed the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and self-perceived BI current and perceived sex-specific figural stimuli. The overall eating disorder risk for ROTC cadets was 32.4%. No significant differences were found when comparing sex, ethnicity, or military branch. Overall …

Facilitating A Path To New Teacher Certification Amid The Covid-19 Pandemic: Unpacking States’ Unchanged-New Flex” Guidelines, Laura E. Slay, Jacqueline Riley, Karyn E. Miller

Faculty Publications

In the United States, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, schools and testing centers were forced to close on-site locations. With teacher candidates no longer able to complete clinical teaching or take certification exams in person, states created new recommendations for facilitating a pathway to teacher certification. Specifically, 19 states provided guidelines that allowed educator preparation programs (EPPs) flexibility in how teacher candidates completed existing certification requirements. By analyzing summaries of these states’ guidelines, themes of time, technology, flexibility/nonflexibility, and EPPs emerged. Using a comprehensive lens, this brief examines the role and implications of each of these themes in teacher certification during …

Evaluating Research Centers In Minority Institutions: Framework, Metrics, Best Practices, And Challenges, Angela Sy, Traci Hayes, Kelly Laurila, Carlamarie Noboa, Robbert J. Langwerden, Michelle M. Hospital, Doris A. Andújar-Pérez, Lakesha Stevenson, Suzanne M.Randolph Cunningham, Latrice Rollins, Hala Madanat, Tanya Penn, Shiva Mehravaran

Faculty Publications

The NIH-funded Research Centers in Minority Institutions (RCMI) program is currently funding 18 academic institutions to strengthen the research environment and contribution to health disparities research. The purpose of this multiphase mixed-methods study was to establish a uniform evaluation framework for demonstrating the collective success of this research consortium. Methods included discussions of aims and logic models at the RCMI Evaluators’ Workshop, a literature review to inform an evaluation conceptual framework, and a case study survey to obtain evaluation-related information and metrics. Ten RCMIs participated in the workshop and 14 submitted responses to the survey. The resultant RCMI Evaluation Conceptual …

The Lyophilized Aqueous Leaf Extract Of Moringa Oleifera Blunts Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes In Rats Through Upregulation Of Glut 4 Signaling Pathway And Anti-Oxidant Effect, Adeolu Alex Adedapo, Iyanuoluwa Omolola Ogunmiluyi, Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi, Blessing Seun Ogunpolu, Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi, Abayomi Orishadipe, Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale, Momoh Audu Yakubu, Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju

Faculty Publications

The anti-diabetic property of aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera was performed in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats using serum chemistry, histology and immunochemical parameters as indices of diabetes. The blood glucose level of the diabetic untreated group continues to increase while that of the treated group after 21 days decreased. While the animals in the diabetic untreated group experienced increase in the levels of markers of organ damage when compared to the control group (P values < 0.0001). ALT increased from 61.83±1.5 to 96.1±22.4, AST was 225.1±26.6 from 172.6±13.9, ALP 13.5±0.006 to 13.6±0.002, UREA 1.0±0.08 to 3.0±0.4, their reduction was observed in the extract-treated groups. ALT reduced from 96.1±22.4 to 73.70±9.7; AST from 225.1±26.6 to 184.4±18.2; ALP from 13.6±0.002 to 13.6±0.01; UREA from 3.0±0.4 to 2.0±0.4. Treatment with the extract significantly reduced markers of oxidative stress in the kidney [hydrogen peroxide (898.8±6.26 to 688.0±13.7), malondialdehyde (640±0.1 to 600±0.2) and protein carbonyl (548.4±1.5 to 458.1±1.6)]; heart [hydrogen peroxide (389.4±1.8 to 358.2±1.5), malondialdehyde (264.0±0.5 to 122.0±0.3), protein carbonyl (196.8±0.5 to 162.7±3.5)]; and liver [hydrogen peroxide (119.36±3.2 to 103.94±10.7), malondialdehyde (236.0±0.4 to 73.0±0.2), protein carbonyl (269.3±1.0 to 174.2±1.1) respectively. The levels of antioxidants were reduced in the diabetic untreated group but there was increase in the Moringa treated group. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) was down regulated in the diabetic untreated group while it was well expressed in the treated groups. The histology of pancreas and liver showed varied levels of infiltration of inflammatory cells, congestion and necrotic lesions, but these were mild in the treated groups. The result shows that the extract does have an anti-diabetic effect with the decrease in the levels of blood glucose and markers of oxidative stress as well as increase in the amount of antioxidants in the treated group when compared to the diabetic untreated group. More importantly, the extract caused upregulation of GLUT 4, which is relevant in reversing insulin resistance in the same manner as pioglitazone, the standard antidiabetic agent used in this study.

Bioanalytical Assay Development And Validation For The Pharmacokinetic Study Of Gmc1, A Novel Fkbp52 Co-Chaperone Inhibitor For Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer, Oscar Ekpenyong, Candace Cooper, Jing Ma, Naihsuan C. Guy, Ashley N. Payan, Fuqiang Ban, Artem Cherkasov, Marc B. Cox, Dong Liang, Huan Xie

Faculty Publications

Background: GMC1 (2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-N-[(Z)-(4-methoxyphenyl) methylideneamino] acetamide) effectively inhibits androgen receptor function by binding directly to FKBP52. This is a novel mechanism for the treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods: an LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to quantify GMC1 in plasma and urine from pharmacokinetics studies in rats. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system equipped with a Waters XTerra MS C18 column was used for chromatographic separation by gradient elution with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water and methanol. A Sciex 4000 QTRAP® mass spectrometer was used for analysis by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in positive mode; the specific …