Digital Commons Network^™

Hypertension Treatment And Control In Sub-Saharan Africa: The Epidemiological Basis For Policy, Richard S. Cooper, Charles N. Rotimi, Jay S. Kauftnan, Walinjom F.T. Muna, George A. Mensah

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

New Voices In The Nation: Women And The Greek Resistance, 1941-1964, By Janet Hart, Gerasimos Augustinos

Faculty Publications

Reviews the book New Voices in the Nation: Women and the Greek Resistance, 1941-1964, by Janet Hart.

Neither Euphoria Nor Defeatism: Christian Ethical Considerations On The New Epochal Changes In Latin America, Guillermo C. Hansen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Comment, The Green Aspects Of Printz: The Revival Of Federalism And Its Implications For Environmental Law, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

This Comment reviews the Printz decision in the context of the Supreme Court's recent federalism jurisprudence and assesses its implications for environmental law. Part I provides a brief historical overview of the federal-state relationship in the environmental context and recent Supreme Court decisions on federalism. Part II discusses and evaluates the Printz decision. Part III applies the Supreme Court holdings in Printz and related federalism cases to current environmental policies and identifies federal environmental programs that are constitutionally suspect. Finally, Part IV addresses the public policy concern that limiting the federal government's power in the environmental context will inevitably weaken …

Constitutional Fidelity And The Commerce Clause: A Reply To Professor Ackerman, Elizabeth Price Foley, Elizabeth C. Price

Faculty Publications

Can the Constitution be legitimately, albeit implicitly, amended by the Supreme Court? The possibility of implicit constitutional amendment - most forcefully advocated by Professor Bruce Ackerman as "transformative" Supreme Court decisions - has been articulated to justify, legitimate, and entrench various radical reinterpretations of the Constitution, most notably the New Deal Court's vast expansion of the power to regulate commerce. The article concludes that such implicit constitutional amendments are theoretically illegitimate and provide strong disincentives for "We the People" to become politically active in order to "correct" flaws in the original Constitution or interpretations thereof that are deemed no longer …

Democracy And Dispute Resolution: Individual Rights In International Trade Organizations, Andrea K. Schneider

Faculty Publications

The question of dispute resolution systems for international organizations is of growing importance. Not only has there been a plethora of new international and regional organizations created in the last decade, but this trend is likely to continue. There are numerous proposals for multilateral free trade areas and agreements across Latin America and the Caribbean as well as in Asia. At the same time, existing international trade organizations have come under increasing scrutiny for their inability to reflect accurately the needs and concerns of the citizens of the member countries.

This article takes a different approach to understanding questions of …

Does The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Require A Public School District To Provide A Quadriplegic Student With Continuous Nursing Service?, Jay E. Grenig

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Illusion Of Autonomy At The End Of Life: Unconsented Life Support And The Wrongful Life Analogy, Philip G. Peters Jr.

Faculty Publications

Overwhelming evidence indicates that physicians routinely ignore patient preferences about life-sustaining care. Yet, the ability of wrongfully treated patients to recover compensatory damages has recently been placed in doubt. Both courts and commentators have suggested that actions for unconsented life support are analogous to actions for wrongful life and should, for that reason, be rejected. In this article, Professor Philip Peters argues that the obvious similarity between the two kinds of claims is overshadowed by many factors that distinguish the two settings. As a result, Professor Peters concludes that a physician who wrongfully administers life-sustaining care over the objections of …

Citation Analysis As An Unobtrusive Method For Journal Collection Evaluation Using Psychology Student Research Bibliographies, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

Bibliographic citation analysis of student research papers is one method of evaluation the use of a journal collection. Journal selection and cancellation may be done on the basis of use and cost-effectiveness to maximize the usefulness of materials purchased with the library budget. An analysis of the bibliographic citations of research papers by undergraduate and graduate students in the psychology department of St. Mary's University was used as one basis for psychology journal selection and deselection in the academic library. Findings confirmed that the most cost-effective and the most used materials were usually held by the library. Titles that met …

Getting A Handle On Coverage Decisions: If Not Case Law, Then What - Comments On A Paper By Professor William Sage, Maxwell J. Mehlman

Faculty Publications

Comments on Professor William Sage's paper "Judicial Opinons Involving Health Insurance Coverage: Trope L'Oeil or Window on the World."

The Sign Of The Four": Judicial Assignment And The Rule Of Law, Jonathan L. Entin

Faculty Publications

This article will examine the issues of judicial assignment. Then the article will return to the Cameron situation in an effort to put that controversy into broader perspective. Finally, the article will consider state procedures that, for practical purposes, authorize litigants to make peremptory challenges to judges in certain circumstances. Those procedures have implications for the discussion of random assignments and for the way we think about Judge Cameron's charges.

A Content Analysis Of Judicial Decision-Making: How Judges Use The Primary Caretaker Standard To Make A Custody Determination, Kathryn Mercer

Faculty Publications

This article expands upon Professor Mercer's previous discussion of the efficacy of the primary caretaker standard in West Virginia.

Responding To The Value Imperative: Learning To Create Value In The Resolution Of Disputes, Kenneth Margolis

Faculty Publications

This article discusses another topic for clinical teachers to consider adding to their teaching agendas. In this paper, I identify the "value imperative" implicit in the attorney-client relationship and suggest that a perception by the client of high value in the relationship is necessary for its success. Briefly, I describe value in legal services as the client's perception of the ratio of benefits received from legal representation to the sacrifices necessary to obtain those benefits. The more the ratio favors benefits over sacrifices, the greater the value perceived by the client. I present a model describing value in legal services …

Crime Or Punishment: The Parental Corporal Punishment Defense - Reasonable And Necessary, Or Excused Abuse, Kandice Johnson

Faculty Publications

The parental right to use physical force to discipline and restrain children is a privilege firmly rooted in the American system of jurisprudence. This privilege is often asserted as a defense when parents are charged with a crime of aggression against their child. While the privilege to use disciplinary force is universally recognized as a defense in criminal actions, it is equally acknowledged that child abuse is a pervasive reality of American life. This article postulates that current laws, addressing assertion of the parental privilege defense in criminal actions, fail either to provide adequate guidance to parents or to sufficiently …

Hypocrites And Barking Harlots: The Clinton-Lewinsky Affair And The Attack On Women, Christina E. Wells

Faculty Publications

This essay defends against the wholesale castigation of women who support the President. It reveals that such criticism is wrong and unfair. Specifically, it demonstrates that the critics have unreasonably characterized women's responses to Clinton as hypocritical or extremely naive, rather than as examples of astute political decision-making. The essay further exposes the sexism underlying the critics' arguments, revealing that stereotypes regarding (1) women's role as the keeper of morals and (2) women as non-political or non-rational beings are at the heart of much of the criticism. By reinforcing these stereotypes, the critics pose a greater danger to women than …

The Constitutionalization Of Law In The United States, William B. Fisch, Richard S. Kay

Faculty Publications

The constitution is that the federal courts and a majority of state court systems will only entertain a constitutional claim in the context of a concrete dispute involving adversary parties with a specific stake in the outcome, and abstract review in these systems is unknown.

Analysis Of Resistance Gene-Mediated Defense Responses In Arabidopsis Thaliana Plants Carrying A Mutation In Cpr5, Jens Boch, Michelle L. Verbsky, Tara L. Robertson, John C. Larkin, Barbara N. Kunkel

Faculty Publications

In resistant plants, pathogen attack often leads to rapid activation of defense responses that limit multiplication and spread of the pathogen. To investigate the signaling mechanisms underlying this process, we carried out a screen for mutants in the signaling pathway governing resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. This involved screening for suppressor mutations that restored resistance to a susceptible line carrying a mutation in the RPS2 resistance gene. A mutant that conferred resistance by activating defense responses in the absence of pathogens was isolated. This mutant, which carries a mutation at the CPR5 locus and was …

Crystal Structure Of Apo-Glycine N-Methyltransferase (Gnmt), R. Pattanayek, M. E. Newcomer, C. Wagner

Faculty Publications

The crystal structure of the recombinant apo-form of glycine N- methyltransferase (GNMT) has been determined at 2.5 Å resolution. GNMT is a tetrameric enzyme (monomer M(r) = 32,423D(a), 292 amino acids) that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to glycine with the formation of S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) and sarcosine (N- methylglycine). GNMT is a regulatory enzyme, which is inhibited by 5- methyltetrahydrofolate pentaglutamate and believed to control the ratio of AdoMet to AdoHcy in tissues. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P21212 (a = 85.39, b = 174.21, c = 44.71 Å) and contain one …

An Investigation On The Influence Of Feline Flea Allergy On The Fecundity Of The Cat Flea, Beth J. Mcdonald, Carol S. Foil, Lane D. Foil

Faculty Publications

Survival, egg production and egg viability of fleas allowed to feed on eight flea-allergic and six flea-naive cats were compared. Fifty fleas, in feeding cages or free roaming, were allowed to feed on the cats. Flea-allergic cats removed significantly more free-roaming fleas than did flea-naive cats. Female fleas produced fewer eggs on flea-allergic cats than on flea-naive cats regardless of feeding method. There was no significant difference in egg viability between the two groups. The data suggest that flea-allergic cats efficiently removed fleas by grooming and that they also produce unknown factor(s) that affect the fecundity of fleas.

Performance And Metabolic Responses Of Young Dairy Calves Fed Diets Supplemented With Chromium Tripicolinate, C. L. Depew, L. D. Bunting, J. M. Fernandez, D. L. Thompson, R. W. Adkinson

Faculty Publications

Forty-two Holstein calves were used to study performance and metabolic responses when milk replacer and then postweaning starter were supplemented with 1 ppm of Cr as Cr-tripicolinate. From birth through 8 wk of age, supplemental Cr tended to improve the growth performance of bull calves but not of heifer calves. Starter intake and feed efficiency were not affected by supplemental Cr. From 1 to 5 wk of age, plasma cortisol concentrations sampled just prior to feeding decreased, and concentrations of insulinlike growth factor-I increased. All calves appeared to become less sensitive to insulin as they aged. From 1 to 5 …

Estimating African American Admixture Proportions By Use Of Population- Specific Alleles, Esteban J. Parra, Amy Marcini, Joshua Akey, Jeremy Martinson, Mark A. Batzer, Richard Cooper, Terrence Forrester, David B. Allison, Ranjan Deka, Robert E. Ferrell, Mark D. Shriver

Faculty Publications

We analyzed the European genetic contribution to 10 populations of African descent in the United States (Maywood, Illinois; Detroit; New York; Philadelphia; Pittsburgh; Baltimore; Charleston, South Carolina; New Orleans; and Houston) and in Jamaica, using nine autosomal DNA markers. These markers either are population-specific or show frequency differences >45% between the parental populations and are thus especially informative for admixture. European genetic ancestry ranged from 6.8% (Jamaica) to 22.5% (New Orleans). The unique utility of these markers is reflected in the low variance associated with these admixture estimates (SEM 1.3%-2.7%). We also estimated the male and female European contribution to …

Egg Parasitoids Of Homalodisca Coagulata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), Serguei V. Triapitsyn, Russell F. Mizell, Janice L. Bossart, Christopher E. Carlton

Faculty Publications

A survey of egg parasitoids of the leafhopper Homalodisca coagulata was conducted in California, Florida and Louisiana. The mymarid wasp Gonatocerus ashmeadi was found to be the most common natural enemy in all locations sampled; G. fasciatus and the trichogrammatid Zagella sp. are recognized as potential biological control agents for introduction into southern California.

Identification And Characterization Of A 14-Kilodalton Brucella Abortus Protein Reactive With Antibodies From Naturally And Experimentally Infected Hosts And T Lymphocytes From Experimentally Infected Balb/C Mice, R. L. Chirhart-Gilleland, M. E. Kovach, P. H. Elzer, S. R. Jennings, R. M. Roop

Faculty Publications

A low-molecular-weight recombinant Brucella abortus protein reactive with antibodies from a variety of naturally and experimentally infected hosts and T lymphocytes from experimentally infected mice was identified and given the designation BA14K. The gene encoding BA14K was cloned and characterized, and the predicted amino acid sequence of this immunoreactive protein showed no significant homology with previously described proteins. Sequences homologous to the cloned fragment encoding BA14K were identified by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNAs from representatives of all of the currently recognized Brucella species. Studies employing BA14K should contribute to our efforts to better understand the antigenic specificity of …

Crossing The Line: The Political And Moral Battle Over Late-Term Abortion, Rigel C. Oliveri

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the political and moral debate surrounding two pieces of federal legislation which sought to criminalize a particular late term abortion technique scientifically known as "intact dilation and extraction," and popularly known as "partial birth abortion." The Congressional "Partial Birth Abortion" Bans of 1996 and 1997 inflamed the already emotionally charged contest over abortion rights. The intense lobbying and advocacy efforts put pro-choice activists in the uncomfortable position of having to defend one of the most extreme positions on the abortion-rights spectrum. The advocacy was further complicated by the fact that very few women obtain late term …

A "Party Satisfaction" Perspective On A Comprehensive Mediation Statute, James Levin, Chris Guthrie

Faculty Publications

Mediation Statute, 13 Ohio St. J. on Disp. Resol. 885 (1998)

During the past fifteen years, the alternative dispute resolution movement has greatly altered the legal landscape. Courts, legislatures and administrative agencies have enacted more than 2000 laws dealing with mediation and other dispute resolution processes. The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (NCCUSL) and the American Bar Association Section of Dispute Resolution have recently formed a unique partnership to assess whether a model or uniform mediation statute might remedy some of the problems caused by the current patchwork of often confusing and conflicting mediation laws. The task …

Prying, Spying And Lying: Intrusive Newsgather And What The Law Should Do About Them, Lyrissa Lidsky

Faculty Publications

The media's use of intrusive newsgathering techniques poses an increasing threat to individual privacy. Courts currently resolve the overwhelming majority of conflicts in favor of the media. This is not because the First Amendment bars the imposition of tort liability on the media for its newsgathering practices. It does not. Rather, tort law has failed to seize the opportunity to create meaninful privacy protection. After surveying the economic, philosophical, and practical obstacles to reform, this Article proposes to rejuvenate the tort of intrusion to tip the balance between privacy and the press back in privacy's direction. Working within the framework …

Mortality Patterns Among Adult Hispanics: Findings From The Nhis 1986 To 1990, Y. Liao, R. S. Cooper, G. Cao, R. Durazo-Arvizu, J. S. Kaufman, A. Luke, D. L. Mcgee

Faculty Publications

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality pattern of the adult Hispanic population in the United States. Methods. This was a cohort study using data from the National Health Interview Survey from 1986 through 1990. Deaths were ascertained by matching to the National Death Index through 1991. Results. This representative national sample included 297 640 non-Hispanic Whites, 53 552 Blacks, and 27 239 Hispanics, all aged 18 years or older at baseline. Different matching criteria resulted in modest differential estimates of the number of deaths by ethnic group; these differences were quantitatively more important for Hispanics. …

The Relation Between Income And Mortality In U.S. Blacks And Whites, Jay S. Kaufman, Andrew E. Long, Youlian Liao, Richard S. Cooper, Daniel L. Mcgee

Faculty Publications

Differential mortality exists in the United States both between racial/ethnic groups and along gradients of socioeconomic status. The specification of statistical models for processes underlying these observed disparities has been hindered by the fact that social and economic quantities are distributed in a highly nonrandom manner throughout the population. We sought to provide a substantive foundation for model development by representing the shape of the income-mortality relation by racial/ethnic group. We used data on black and white men and women from the longitudinal component of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 1986-1990, which provided 1,191,824 person-years of follow-up and 12,165 …

Race And Hypertension: Science And Nescience, R. S. Cooper, J. S. Kaufman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Emergence Of Western Diseases In The Tropical World: The Experience With Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Terrence Forrester, Richard S. Cooper, David Weatherall

Faculty Publications

Our knowledge of the disease burden components of tropical populations is fragmentary. Historically, the infectious diseases have been emphasized but, as some populations have undergone socio-economic changes, vital statistics have described a change in the pattern of disease. The picture is of a decline in infectious and a rise in chronic non-communicable disease. We focus here on the emergence of chronic cardiovascular diseases, and use hypertension as the paradigmic example. Early blood pressure surveys showed a virtual absence of hypertension among rural Africans and moderate prevalences in the Caribbean. Prevalence was highest among US and UK blacks. In a recent …