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Examining The Size-Specific Photosynthesis-Irradiance Parameters And Relationship With Phytoplankton Types In A Subtropical Marginal Sea, Haoran Liu, Yuyuan Xie, Yong Qiu, Lei Wang, Feipeng Wang, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang Nov 2021

Examining The Size-Specific Photosynthesis-Irradiance Parameters And Relationship With Phytoplankton Types In A Subtropical Marginal Sea, Haoran Liu, Yuyuan Xie, Yong Qiu, Lei Wang, Feipeng Wang, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Through photosynthesis, phytoplankton initiate material cycling and the flow of energy through marine ecosystems. The structure of marine ecosystems is sensitive to the size of primary producers, and size-specific photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) parameters are required for modeling the size-specific primary production. We defined a phytoplankton type to be a group of phytoplankton communities with similar compositions and hypothesized that a function of phytoplankton types might be used to quantify systematic differences of P-I parameters between size classes (structural effects) and variations of the magnitudes of those parameters if the overlap between habitats was small (environmental effects). To test this hypothesis, we …

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Moving On Up: Vertical Distribution Shifts In Rocky Reef Fish Species During Climate-Driven Decline In Dissolved Oxygen From 1995 To 2009, Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod, Li Kui, Mary Nishimoto, Linda Snook, Milton Love Sep 2021

Moving On Up: Vertical Distribution Shifts In Rocky Reef Fish Species During Climate-Driven Decline In Dissolved Oxygen From 1995 To 2009, Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod, Li Kui, Mary Nishimoto, Linda Snook, Milton Love

Faculty Publications

Anthropogenic climate change has resulted in warming temperatures and reduced oxygen concentrations in the global oceans. Much remains unknown on the impacts of reduced oxygen concentrations on the biology and distribution of marine fishes. In the Southern California Channel Islands, visual fish surveys were conducted frequently in a manned submersible at three rocky reefs between 1995 and 2009. This area is characterized by a steep bathymetric gradient, with the surveyed sites Anacapa Passage, Footprint and Piggy Bank corresponding to depths near 50, 150 and 300 m. Poisson models were developed for each fish species observed consistently in this network of …

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Daily Energy Expenditure Through The Human Life Course, Herman Pontzer, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issaad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marjije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas Aug 2021

Daily Energy Expenditure Through The Human Life Course, Herman Pontzer, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issaad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marjije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas

Faculty Publications

Total daily energy expenditure (“total expenditure”) reflects daily energy needs and is a critical variable in human health and physiology, but its trajectory over the life course is poorly studied. We analyzed a large, diverse database of total expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method for males and females aged 8 days to 95 years. Total expenditure increased with fat-free mass in a power-law manner, with four distinct life stages. Fat-free mass-adjusted expenditure accelerates rapidly in neonates to ~50% above adult values at ~1 year; declines slowly to adult levels by ~20 years; remains stable in adulthood (20 to …

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Thermal Legacy Of A Large Paleolake In Taylor Valley, East Antarctica, As Evidenced By An Airborne Electromagnetic Survey, Krista F. Myers, Peter T. Doran, Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Neil T. Foley, Thue S. Bording, Esben Auken, Hilary A. Dugan, Jill A. Mikucki, Nikolaj Foged, Denys Grombacher, Ross A. Virginia Aug 2021

Thermal Legacy Of A Large Paleolake In Taylor Valley, East Antarctica, As Evidenced By An Airborne Electromagnetic Survey, Krista F. Myers, Peter T. Doran, Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Neil T. Foley, Thue S. Bording, Esben Auken, Hilary A. Dugan, Jill A. Mikucki, Nikolaj Foged, Denys Grombacher, Ross A. Virginia

Faculty Publications

Previous studies of the lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys have attempted to constrain lake level history, and results suggest the lakes have undergone hundreds of meters of lake level change within the last 20ĝ€¯000 years. Past studies have utilized the interpretation of geologic deposits, lake chemistry, and ice sheet history to deduce lake level history; however a substantial amount of disagreement remains between the findings, indicating a need for further investigation using new techniques. This study utilizes a regional airborne resistivity survey to provide novel insight into the paleohydrology of the region. Mean resistivity maps revealed an extensive brine …

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Environmental Noise In Advanced Ligo Detectors, P. Nguyen, R. M.S. Schofield, A. Effler, C. Austin, V. Adya, M. Ball, S. Banagiri, K. Banowetz, C. Billman, C. D. Blair, A. Buikema, C. Cahillane, F. Clara, P. B. Covas, G. Dalya, C. Daniel, B. Dawes, R. Derosa, S. E. Dwyer, R. Frey, V. V. Frolov, D. Ghirado, E. Goetz, T. Hardwick, A. F. Helmling-Cornell, I. J. Hollows, N. Kijbunchoo, J. Kruk, M. Laxen, E. Maaske, G. L. Mansell, R. Mccarthy, K. Merfeld, A. Neunzert, J. R. Palamos, W. Parker, B. Pearlstone, A. Pele, H. Radkins, V. Roma, R. L. Savage, P. Schale, D. Shoemaker, T. Shoemaker, S. Soni, D. Talukder, M. Tse, G. Valdes, M. Vidreo, C. Vorvick, R. Abbott, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, A. Ananyeva, S. Appert, K. Arai, J. S. Areeda, Y. Asali, S. M. Aston, A. M. Baer, S. W. Ballmer, D. Barker, L. Barsotti, J. Bartlett, B. K. Berger, J. Betzwieser, D. Bhattacharjee, G. Billingsley, S. Biscans, R. M. Blair, N. Bode, P. Booker, R. Bork, A. Bramley, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, K. C. Cannon, X. Chen, A. A. Ciobanu, S. J. Cooper, C. M. Compton, K. R. Corley, S. T. Countryman, D. C. Coyne, L. E. H. Datrier, D. Davis, C. Di Fronzo, K. L. Dooley, J. C. Driggers, P. Dupej, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, J. Feicht, A. Fernandez-Galiana, P. Fritschel, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, P. Godwin, S. Gras, C. Gray, R. Gray, A. C. Green, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, J. Hanks, J. Hanson, R. H. Hasskew, M. C. Heintze, N. A. Holland, J. D. Jones, S. Kandhasamy, S. Karki, M. Kasparzack, K. Kawabe, P. J. King, J. S. Kissel, R. Kumar, M. Landry, B. B. Lane, B. Lantz, Y. K. Lecoeuche, J. Leviton, J. Liu, M. Lormand, A. P. Lundgren, R. Macas, M. Macinnis, D. M. Macleod, S. Marka, Z. Marka, D. V. Martynov, K. Mason, T. J. Massinger, F. Matichard, N. Mavalvala, D. E. Mcclelland, S. Mccormick, L. Mcculler, J. Mciver, T. Mcrae, G. Mendell, E. L. Merilh, F. Meylahn, P. M. Meyers, T. Mistry, R. Mitteman, G. Moreno, C. M. Mow-Lowry, S. Mozzon, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, L. K. Nuttall, J. Oberling, R. J. Oram, C. Osthelder, D. J. Ottaway, H. Overmier, E. Payne, R. Penhorwood, C. J. Perez, M. Pirello, K. E. Ramirez, J. W. Richardson, K. Riles, N. A. Robertson, J. G. Rollins, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, M. P. Ross, K. Ryan, T. Sadecki, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, T. R. Saravanan, D. Schaetzl, R. Schnabel, E. Schwartz, D. Sellers, T. Shaffer, D. Sigg, B. J. J. Slagmolen, J. R. Smith, B. Sorazu, A. P. Spencer, K. A. Strain, L. Sun, M. J. Szczepanczyk, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, K. Toland, C. I. Torrie, G. Traylor, A. L. Urban, G. Vajente, D. C. Bander-Hyde, P. J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, G. Venugopalan, A. D. Viets, T. Vo, M. Wade, R. L. Ward, J. Warner, B. Weaver, R. Weiss, C. Whittle, B. Willke, C. C. Wipf, L. Xiao, H. Yamamoto, H. Yu, L. Zhang, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig Jul 2021

Environmental Noise In Advanced Ligo Detectors, P. Nguyen, R. M.S. Schofield, A. Effler, C. Austin, V. Adya, M. Ball, S. Banagiri, K. Banowetz, C. Billman, C. D. Blair, A. Buikema, C. Cahillane, F. Clara, P. B. Covas, G. Dalya, C. Daniel, B. Dawes, R. Derosa, S. E. Dwyer, R. Frey, V. V. Frolov, D. Ghirado, E. Goetz, T. Hardwick, A. F. Helmling-Cornell, I. J. Hollows, N. Kijbunchoo, J. Kruk, M. Laxen, E. Maaske, G. L. Mansell, R. Mccarthy, K. Merfeld, A. Neunzert, J. R. Palamos, W. Parker, B. Pearlstone, A. Pele, H. Radkins, V. Roma, R. L. Savage, P. Schale, D. Shoemaker, T. Shoemaker, S. Soni, D. Talukder, M. Tse, G. Valdes, M. Vidreo, C. Vorvick, R. Abbott, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, A. Ananyeva, S. Appert, K. Arai, J. S. Areeda, Y. Asali, S. M. Aston, A. M. Baer, S. W. Ballmer, D. Barker, L. Barsotti, J. Bartlett, B. K. Berger, J. Betzwieser, D. Bhattacharjee, G. Billingsley, S. Biscans, R. M. Blair, N. Bode, P. Booker, R. Bork, A. Bramley, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, K. C. Cannon, X. Chen, A. A. Ciobanu, S. J. Cooper, C. M. Compton, K. R. Corley, S. T. Countryman, D. C. Coyne, L. E. H. Datrier, D. Davis, C. Di Fronzo, K. L. Dooley, J. C. Driggers, P. Dupej, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, J. Feicht, A. Fernandez-Galiana, P. Fritschel, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, P. Godwin, S. Gras, C. Gray, R. Gray, A. C. Green, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, J. Hanks, J. Hanson, R. H. Hasskew, M. C. Heintze, N. A. Holland, J. D. Jones, S. Kandhasamy, S. Karki, M. Kasparzack, K. Kawabe, P. J. King, J. S. Kissel, R. Kumar, M. Landry, B. B. Lane, B. Lantz, Y. K. Lecoeuche, J. Leviton, J. Liu, M. Lormand, A. P. Lundgren, R. Macas, M. Macinnis, D. M. Macleod, S. Marka, Z. Marka, D. V. Martynov, K. Mason, T. J. Massinger, F. Matichard, N. Mavalvala, D. E. Mcclelland, S. Mccormick, L. Mcculler, J. Mciver, T. Mcrae, G. Mendell, E. L. Merilh, F. Meylahn, P. M. Meyers, T. Mistry, R. Mitteman, G. Moreno, C. M. Mow-Lowry, S. Mozzon, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, L. K. Nuttall, J. Oberling, R. J. Oram, C. Osthelder, D. J. Ottaway, H. Overmier, E. Payne, R. Penhorwood, C. J. Perez, M. Pirello, K. E. Ramirez, J. W. Richardson, K. Riles, N. A. Robertson, J. G. Rollins, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, M. P. Ross, K. Ryan, T. Sadecki, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, T. R. Saravanan, D. Schaetzl, R. Schnabel, E. Schwartz, D. Sellers, T. Shaffer, D. Sigg, B. J. J. Slagmolen, J. R. Smith, B. Sorazu, A. P. Spencer, K. A. Strain, L. Sun, M. J. Szczepanczyk, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, K. Toland, C. I. Torrie, G. Traylor, A. L. Urban, G. Vajente, D. C. Bander-Hyde, P. J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, G. Venugopalan, A. D. Viets, T. Vo, M. Wade, R. L. Ward, J. Warner, B. Weaver, R. Weiss, C. Whittle, B. Willke, C. C. Wipf, L. Xiao, H. Yamamoto, H. Yu, L. Zhang, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig

Faculty Publications

The sensitivity of the advanced LIGO detectors to gravitational waves can be affected by environmental disturbances external to the detectors themselves. Since the transition from the former initial LIGO phase, many improvements have been made to the equipment and techniques used to investigate these environmental effects. These methods have aided in tracking down and mitigating noise sources throughout the first three observing runs of the advanced detector era, keeping the ambient contribution of environmental noise below the background noise levels of the detectors. In this paper we describe the methods used and how they have led to the mitigation of …

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The Impact Of Climate Change On Virginia's Coastal Areas, Jonathan L. Goodall, Antonio Elias, Elizabeth Andrews, Christopher "Kit" Chope, John Cosgrove, Jason El Koubi, Jennifer Irish, Lewis L. Lawrence Iii, Robert W. Lazaro Jr., William H. Leighty, Mark W. Luckenbach, Elise Miller-Hooks, Ann C. Phillips, Henry Pollard V, Emily Steinhilber, Charles Feigenoff, Jennifer Sayegh Jun 2021

The Impact Of Climate Change On Virginia's Coastal Areas, Jonathan L. Goodall, Antonio Elias, Elizabeth Andrews, Christopher "Kit" Chope, John Cosgrove, Jason El Koubi, Jennifer Irish, Lewis L. Lawrence Iii, Robert W. Lazaro Jr., William H. Leighty, Mark W. Luckenbach, Elise Miller-Hooks, Ann C. Phillips, Henry Pollard V, Emily Steinhilber, Charles Feigenoff, Jennifer Sayegh

Faculty Publications

As part of HJ47/SJ47 (2020), the Virginia General Assembly directed the Joint Commission on Technology and Science (JCOTS) to study the “safety, quality of life, and economic consequences of weather and climate-related events on coastal areas in Virginia.” In pursuit of this goal, the commission was to “accept any scientific and technical assistance provided by the nonpartisan, volunteer Virginia Academy of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (VASEM). VASEM convened an expert study board with representation from the Office of the Governor, planning district commissions in coastal Virginia, The Port of Virginia, the Virginia Economic Development Partnership, state universities, private industry, and …

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The Malina Oceanographic Expedition: How Do Changes In Ice Cover, Permafrost And Uv Radiation Impact Biodiversity And Biogeochemical Fluxes In The Arctic Ocean?, Philippe Massicotte, Rainer M.W. Amon, Antoine David, Sergio Balzano, Simon Bélanger, Ronald Benner, Dominique Boeuf, Annick Bricaud, Flavienne Bruyant, Gwenaëlle Chaillou, Malik Chami, Bruno Charrière, Jing Chen, Hervé Claustre, Pierre Coupel, Nicole Delsaut, David Doxaran, Jens Ehn, Cédric Fichot, Marie-Hélène Forget, Et. Al. Apr 2021

The Malina Oceanographic Expedition: How Do Changes In Ice Cover, Permafrost And Uv Radiation Impact Biodiversity And Biogeochemical Fluxes In The Arctic Ocean?, Philippe Massicotte, Rainer M.W. Amon, Antoine David, Sergio Balzano, Simon Bélanger, Ronald Benner, Dominique Boeuf, Annick Bricaud, Flavienne Bruyant, Gwenaëlle Chaillou, Malik Chami, Bruno Charrière, Jing Chen, Hervé Claustre, Pierre Coupel, Nicole Delsaut, David Doxaran, Jens Ehn, Cédric Fichot, Marie-Hélène Forget, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The MALINA oceanographic campaign was conducted during summer 2009 to investigate the carbon stocks and the processes controlling the carbon fluxes in the Mackenzie River estuary and the Beaufort Sea. During the campaign, an extensive suite of physical, chemical and biological variables were measured across seven shelf-basin transects (south-north) to capture the meridional gradient between the estuary and the open ocean. Key variables such as temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured onboard the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen and from a …

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Synergies Among Environmental Science Research And Monitoring Networks: A Research Agenda, J. A. Jones, P. M. Groffman, J. Blair, F. W. Davis, H. Dugan, E. E. Euskirchen, Serita D. Frey, T. K. Harms, E. Hinckley, M. Kosmala, S. Loberg, S. Malone, K. Novick, S. Malone, K. Novick, S. Record, A. V. Rocha, B. L. Ruddell, E. H. Stanley, C. Sturtevant, A. Thorpe, T. White, W. R. Wieder, L. Zhai, K. Zhu Feb 2021

Synergies Among Environmental Science Research And Monitoring Networks: A Research Agenda, J. A. Jones, P. M. Groffman, J. Blair, F. W. Davis, H. Dugan, E. E. Euskirchen, Serita D. Frey, T. K. Harms, E. Hinckley, M. Kosmala, S. Loberg, S. Malone, K. Novick, S. Malone, K. Novick, S. Record, A. V. Rocha, B. L. Ruddell, E. H. Stanley, C. Sturtevant, A. Thorpe, T. White, W. R. Wieder, L. Zhai, K. Zhu

Faculty Publications

Many research and monitoring networks in recent decades have provided publicly available data documenting environmental and ecological change, but little is known about the status of efforts to synthesize this information across networks. We convened a working group to assess ongoing and potential cross-network synthesis research and outline opportunities and challenges for the future, focusing on the US-based research network (the US Long-Term Ecological Research network, LTER) and monitoring network (the National Ecological Observatory Network, NEON). LTER-NEON cross-network research synergies arise from the potentials for LTER measurements, experiments, models, and observational studies to provide context and mechanisms for interpreting NEON …

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Patterns Of Relative And Quantitative Abundances Of Marine Bacteria In Surface Waters Of The Subtropical Northwest Pacific Ocean Estimated With High-Throughput Quantification Sequencing, Jie Kong, Xin Liu, Lei Wang, Hao Huang, Danyun Ou, Jiayu Guo, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang Jan 2021

Patterns Of Relative And Quantitative Abundances Of Marine Bacteria In Surface Waters Of The Subtropical Northwest Pacific Ocean Estimated With High-Throughput Quantification Sequencing, Jie Kong, Xin Liu, Lei Wang, Hao Huang, Danyun Ou, Jiayu Guo, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Bacteria play a pivotal role in shaping ecosystems and contributing to elemental cycling and energy flow in the oceans. However, few studies have focused on bacteria at a trans-basin scale, and studies across the subtropical Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), one of the largest biomes on Earth, have been especially lacking. Although the recently developed high-throughput quantitative sequencing methodology can simultaneously provide information on relative abundance, quantitative abundance, and taxonomic affiliations, it has not been thoroughly evaluated. We collected surface seawater samples for high-throughput, quantitative sequencing of 16S rRNA genes on a transect across the subtropical NWPO to elucidate the distribution …

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Hydroperiod And Salinity Interactions Control Mangrove Root Dynamics In A Karstic Oceanic Island In The Caribbean Sea (San Andres, Colombia), Jairo Humberto Medina-Calderón, José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Víctor H. Rivera-Monroy Jan 2021

Hydroperiod And Salinity Interactions Control Mangrove Root Dynamics In A Karstic Oceanic Island In The Caribbean Sea (San Andres, Colombia), Jairo Humberto Medina-Calderón, José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Víctor H. Rivera-Monroy

Faculty Publications

Mangroves sustain high soil accretion and carbon sequestration rates, yet it is still unknown if they can keep pace with increasing sea level rise (SLR) across a wider range of coastal geomorphic settings. Because accretion rates are controlled by mineral sediment inputs and organic matter accumulation, it is paramount to assess the relative contribution of root productivity to soil formation. Here, we evaluated root biomass, production, and turnover in three mangrove ecotypes to evaluate the role of soil nutrient limitation, stressors, and hydroperiod in controlling root dynamics in San Andres Island (SAI), a karstic oceanic island in the Caribbean Sea. …

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The Supercam Instrument Suite On The Nasa Mars 2020 Rover: Body Unit And Combined System Tests, Roger C. Wiens, Sylvestre Maurice, Scott H. Robinson, Anthony E. Nelson, Philippe Cais, Pernelle Bernardi, Raymond T. Newell, Sam Clegg, Shiv K. Sharma, Steven Storms, Jonathan Deming, Darrel Beckman, Ann M. Ollila, Olivier Gasnault, Ryan B. Anderson, Yves André, Stanley M. Angel, Gorka Arana, Elizabeth Auden, Pierre Beck, Et. Al. Dec 2020

The Supercam Instrument Suite On The Nasa Mars 2020 Rover: Body Unit And Combined System Tests, Roger C. Wiens, Sylvestre Maurice, Scott H. Robinson, Anthony E. Nelson, Philippe Cais, Pernelle Bernardi, Raymond T. Newell, Sam Clegg, Shiv K. Sharma, Steven Storms, Jonathan Deming, Darrel Beckman, Ann M. Ollila, Olivier Gasnault, Ryan B. Anderson, Yves André, Stanley M. Angel, Gorka Arana, Elizabeth Auden, Pierre Beck, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The SuperCam instrument suite provides the Mars 2020 rover, Perseverance, with a number of versatile remote-sensing techniques that can be used at long distance as well as within the robotic-arm workspace. These include laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), remote time-resolved Raman and luminescence spectroscopies, and visible and infrared (VISIR; separately referred to as VIS and IR) reflectance spectroscopy. A remote micro-imager (RMI) provides high-resolution color context imaging, and a microphone can be used as a stand-alone tool for environmental studies or to determine physical properties of rocks and soils from shock waves of laser-produced plasmas. SuperCam is built in three parts: …

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Genome‐Wide Association Study For Host Genetic Factors Associated With Equine Herpesvirus Type‐1 Induced Myeloencephalopathy, Wangisa M. B. Dunuwille, Navid Yousefimashouf, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Nicola Pusterla, Ernest Bailey Nov 2020

Genome‐Wide Association Study For Host Genetic Factors Associated With Equine Herpesvirus Type‐1 Induced Myeloencephalopathy, Wangisa M. B. Dunuwille, Navid Yousefimashouf, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Nicola Pusterla, Ernest Bailey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Sociopolitical Silos: Environmental Views And The Multiplicative Effect Of Same-Party Friends, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Joel Hartter, Curt Grimm Aug 2020

Sociopolitical Silos: Environmental Views And The Multiplicative Effect Of Same-Party Friends, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Joel Hartter, Curt Grimm

Faculty Publications

Analysis of climate and other environmental questions on three regional survey projects conducted over 2017–2020 (9,000+ interviews) elaborate on the well-known importance of political factors by adding support for three newer propositions. First, strength of political identification predicts climate-change views within the ranks of conservatives but not within ranks of liberals, evidence that conservatives’ climate-change views are more politically determined. Second, factor analysis suggests that climate-change beliefs meet statistical criteria for being an indicator of sociopolitical identity, alongside the traditional indicators of ideology and party, or the newer one of Trump support. This result calls for caution interpreting models that …

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Climate From The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, 1986–2017: Surface Air Temperature Trends And Redefined Summer Season, M. K. Obryk, P. T. Doran, A. G. Fountain, M. Myers, C. P. Mckay Jul 2020

Climate From The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, 1986–2017: Surface Air Temperature Trends And Redefined Summer Season, M. K. Obryk, P. T. Doran, A. G. Fountain, M. Myers, C. P. Mckay

Faculty Publications

©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. The weather of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, the largest ice-free region of the Antarctica, has been continuously monitored since 1985 with currently 14 operational meteorological stations distributed throughout the valleys. Because climate is based on a 30-year record of weather, this is the first study to truly define the contemporary climate of the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Mean air temperature and solar radiation based on all stations were −20°C and 102 W m−2, respectively. Depending on the site location, the mean annual air temperatures on the valleys floors ranged between −15°C and −30°C, …

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Effects Of Hurricane Harvey On The Trophic Status Of Juvenile Sport Fishes (Cynoscion Nebulosus, Sciaenops Ocellatus) In An Estuarine Nursery, Philip Matich, Kaya B. Moore, Jeffrey D. Plumlee Jul 2020

Effects Of Hurricane Harvey On The Trophic Status Of Juvenile Sport Fishes (Cynoscion Nebulosus, Sciaenops Ocellatus) In An Estuarine Nursery, Philip Matich, Kaya B. Moore, Jeffrey D. Plumlee

Faculty Publications

Understanding the implications of environmental disturbance is of growing importance as climate change and extreme weather events increasingly threaten estuaries and other coastal ecosystems. Among species at risk in estuarine habitats, sport fishes are of particular interest to conservation and management agencies, because of their ecological and economic value. Here, we evaluate the effects of Hurricane Harvey on the abundance, diet, and body condition of age-0 red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) and spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) in Powderhorn Lake, a nearshore estuary in Texas, USA. Catch data from seines indicated that the abundances of age-0 red drum and spotted seatrout were …

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Changes In Regional Snowfall In Central North America (1961-2017): Mountain Versus Plains, Jiyang Zhang, Haochi Zheng, Xiaodong Zhang, Jeffrey Vanlooy Apr 2020

Changes In Regional Snowfall In Central North America (1961-2017): Mountain Versus Plains, Jiyang Zhang, Haochi Zheng, Xiaodong Zhang, Jeffrey Vanlooy

Faculty Publications

Long-term snowfall change offers insight for understanding climate change, managing water resources, and assessing climate model performance, especially at regional scales where topography plays an important role in shaping regional climate and water availability. In this study, we examined the changes of annual snowfall using observations from 1961 to 2017 in central North America, a region with high contrast in topographic complexities. There is a general, yet distinct difference in the snowfall trends demarcated approximately along the 105° W meridian. To its east, which is dominated by plains, snowfall had increased overall, except in a limited area south of 42° …

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The Role Of Climate Change Education On Individual Lifetime Carbon Emissions, Eugene Cordero, Diana Centeno Delgado, Anne Marie Todd Feb 2020

The Role Of Climate Change Education On Individual Lifetime Carbon Emissions, Eugene Cordero, Diana Centeno Delgado, Anne Marie Todd

Faculty Publications

Strategies to mitigate climate change often center on clean technologies, such as electric vehicles and solar panels, while the mitigation potential of a quality educational experience is rarely discussed. In this paper, we investigate the long-term impact that an intensive one year university course had on individual carbon emissions by surveying students at least five years after having taken the course. A majority of course graduates reported pro-environmental decisions (i.e., type of car to buy, food choices) that they attributed at least in part to experiences gained in the course. Furthermore, our carbon footprint analysis suggests that for the average …

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Historical Shifts In Benthic Infaunal Diversity In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Since The Appearance Of Seasonally Severe Hypoxia, N.N. Rabalais, M.M. Baustian Jan 2020

Historical Shifts In Benthic Infaunal Diversity In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Since The Appearance Of Seasonally Severe Hypoxia, N.N. Rabalais, M.M. Baustian

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Internet Of Things For Sustainable Community Development: Introduction And Overview, Abdul Salam Jan 2020

Internet Of Things For Sustainable Community Development: Introduction And Overview, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

The two-third of the city-dwelling world population by 2050 poses numerous global challenges in the infrastructure and natural resource management domains (e.g., water and food scarcity, increasing global temperatures, and energy issues). The IoT with integrated sensing and communication capabilities has the strong potential for the robust, sustainable, and informed resource management in the urban and rural communities. In this chapter, the vital concepts of sustainable community development are discussed. The IoT and sustainability interactions are explained with emphasis on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and communication technologies. Moreover, IoT opportunities and challenges are discussed in the context of sustainable community …

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Importance Of Refractory Ligands And Their Photodegradation For Iron Oceanic Inventories And Cycling, Christel Hassler, Damien Cabanes, Sonia Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sylvia G. Sander, Ronald Benner Dec 2019

Importance Of Refractory Ligands And Their Photodegradation For Iron Oceanic Inventories And Cycling, Christel Hassler, Damien Cabanes, Sonia Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sylvia G. Sander, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

Iron is an essential micronutrient that limits primary production in up to 40% of the surface ocean and influences carbon dioxide uptake and climate change. Dissolved iron is mostly associated with loosely characterised organic molecules, called ligands, which define key aspects of the iron cycle such as its residence time, distribution and bioavailability to plankton. Models based on in situ ligand distributions and the behaviour of purified compounds include long-lived ligands in the deep ocean, bioreactive ligands in the surface ocean and photochemical processes as important components of the iron cycle. Herein, we further characterise biologically refractory ligands in dissolved …

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Detecting Parasite Associations Within Multi-Species Host And Parasite Communities, Tad A. Dallas, Anna Liisa Laine, Otso Ovaskainen Oct 2019

Detecting Parasite Associations Within Multi-Species Host And Parasite Communities, Tad A. Dallas, Anna Liisa Laine, Otso Ovaskainen

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. Understanding the role of biotic interactions in shaping natural communities is a long-standing challenge in ecology. It is particularly pertinent to parasite communities sharing the same host communities and individuals, as the interactions among parasites—both competition and facilitation—may have far-reaching implications for parasite transmission and evolution. Aggregated parasite burdens may suggest that infected host individuals are either more prone to infection, or that infection by a parasite species facilitates another, leading to a positive parasite–parasite interaction. However, parasite species may also compete for host resources, leading to the …

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Modeling Agrilus Planipennis F. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Spread In New Jersey, Erik Lyttek, Pankaj Lal, Garrett Nieddu, Eric Forgoston, Taylor Wieczerak, Timothy Schowalter Sep 2019

Modeling Agrilus Planipennis F. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Spread In New Jersey, Erik Lyttek, Pankaj Lal, Garrett Nieddu, Eric Forgoston, Taylor Wieczerak, Timothy Schowalter

Faculty Publications

Pests and disease have become an increasingly common issue as globalized trade brings non-native species into unfamiliar systems. Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), is an Asiatic species of boring beetle currently devastating the native population of ash (Fraxinus) trees in the northern forests of the United States, with 85 million trees having already succumbed across much of the Midwest. We have developed a reaction-diffusion partial differential equation model to predict the spread of emerald ash borer over a heterogeneous 2-D landscape, with the initial ash tree distribution given by data from the Forest Inventory and Analysis. As expected, the model …

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Sediment Identification Using Machine Learning Classifiers In A Mixed-Texture Dredge Pit Of Louisiana Shelf For Coastal Restoration, Haoran Liu, Kehui Xu, Bin Li, Ya Han, Guandong Li Jun 2019

Sediment Identification Using Machine Learning Classifiers In A Mixed-Texture Dredge Pit Of Louisiana Shelf For Coastal Restoration, Haoran Liu, Kehui Xu, Bin Li, Ya Han, Guandong Li

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Evidence For Pathways Of Concentrated Submarine Groundwater Discharge In East Antarctica From Helicopter-Borne Electrical Resistivity Measurements, Neil Foley, Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Denys Grombacher, Peter T. Doran, Jill Mikucki, Krista F. Myers, Nikolaj Foged, Hilary Dugan, Esben Auken, Ross Virginia Jun 2019

Evidence For Pathways Of Concentrated Submarine Groundwater Discharge In East Antarctica From Helicopter-Borne Electrical Resistivity Measurements, Neil Foley, Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Denys Grombacher, Peter T. Doran, Jill Mikucki, Krista F. Myers, Nikolaj Foged, Hilary Dugan, Esben Auken, Ross Virginia

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. The Southern Ocean receives limited liquid surface water input from the Antarctic continent. It has been speculated, however, that significant liquid water may flow from beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet, and that this subglacial flow carries that water along with dissolved nutrients to the coast. The delivery of solutes, particularly limiting nutrients like bioavailable iron, to the Southern Ocean may contribute to ecosystem processes including primary productivity. Using a helicopter-borne time domain electromagnetic survey along the coastal margins of the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, we detected subsurface connections between inland …

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Patchy Fires Promote Regeneration Of Longleaf Pine (Pinus Palustris Mill.) In Pine Savannas, Kevin M. Robertson, William J. Platt, Charles E. Faires May 2019

Patchy Fires Promote Regeneration Of Longleaf Pine (Pinus Palustris Mill.) In Pine Savannas, Kevin M. Robertson, William J. Platt, Charles E. Faires

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Research Highlights: Spatial patterns of fire spread and severity influence survival of juvenile pines in longleaf pine savannas. Small areas that do not burn during frequent fires facilitate formation of patches of even-aged longleaf pine juveniles. These regeneration patches are especially associated with inner portions of openings (gaps) and where canopy trees have died in recent decades. Patterns of prescribed fire can thus have an important influence on stand dynamics of the dominant tree in pine savannas. Background and Objectives: Savannas are characterized by bottlenecks to tree regeneration. In pine savannas, longleaf pine is noted …

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The Adaptive Cycle: Resilience In The History Of First-Year Composition, Clancy Ratliff Apr 2019

The Adaptive Cycle: Resilience In The History Of First-Year Composition, Clancy Ratliff

Faculty Publications

This article presents a new examination of the history of the first-year composition requirement using the “adaptive cycle” idea about the resilience of systems. The author argues that we may be experiencing the collapse of required FYC and should look to other possible futures of college writing.

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Deep Sea Biofilms, Historic Shipwreck Preservation And The Deepwater Horizon Spill, Rachel L. Mugge, Melissa L. Brock, Jennifer L. Salerno, Melanie Damour, Robert A. Church, Jason Lee, Leila J. Hamdan Feb 2019

Deep Sea Biofilms, Historic Shipwreck Preservation And The Deepwater Horizon Spill, Rachel L. Mugge, Melissa L. Brock, Jennifer L. Salerno, Melanie Damour, Robert A. Church, Jason Lee, Leila J. Hamdan

Faculty Publications

Exposure to oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill may have lasting impacts on preservation of historic shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico. Submerged steel structures, including shipwrecks, serve as artificial reefs and become hotspots of biodiversity in the deep-sea. Marine biofilms on submerged structures support settlement of micro- and macrobiota and may enhance and protect against corrosion. Disruptions in the local environment, including oil spills, may impact the role that biofilms play in reef preservation. To determine how the Deepwater Horizon spill potentially impacted shipwreck biofilms and the functional roles of the biofilm microbiome, experiments containing carbon steels disks (CSDs) …

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Role Of The Atchafalaya River Basin In Regulating Export Fluxes Of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Nutrients, And Trace Elements To The Louisiana Shelf, Dongjoo Joung, Laodong Guo, Alan M. Shiller Jan 2019

Role Of The Atchafalaya River Basin In Regulating Export Fluxes Of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Nutrients, And Trace Elements To The Louisiana Shelf, Dongjoo Joung, Laodong Guo, Alan M. Shiller

Faculty Publications

The abundance and fluxes of selected dissolved trace elements (TE), nutrients, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were quantified in the Atchafalaya River Basin to better understand its influence on the chemical regime of the Louisiana Shelf, a region where bottom water hypoxia occurs annually during late spring to early fall. Water samples were collected from throughout the entire Atchafalaya River Basin including from the Mississippi and Red Rivers as well as basin swamp waters during April and November 2010, and June 2011, which represent “typical” high and low, and “unusual” high river discharges, respectively. Within the total dissolved (< 0.45 µm) pool, most of the TEs were mainly partitioned to the < 0.02 µm dissolved phase with the exception of Cr, Cs, Fe, Pb and Zn which were dominantly in the colloidal (0.02-0.45 µm) phase. In the Atchafalaya River, seasonal concentration variations in nutrients, DOC and most TEs were similar to those in the Mississippi River, reflecting a major contribution of water from the Mississippi River. Contributions of the Red River to the Atchafalaya River’s DOC and nutrients were estimated to be 1-35%, similar to previous estimates for this system. The Red River contribution to the fluxes of Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Mn, Pb, Rb, and Zn was generally disproportionally high (>20%), …

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Actions Speak Louder Than Words: Designing Transdisciplinary Approaches To Enact Solutions, Vanessa R. Levesque, Aram J. K. Calhoun, Kathleen P. Bell Jan 2019

Actions Speak Louder Than Words: Designing Transdisciplinary Approaches To Enact Solutions, Vanessa R. Levesque, Aram J. K. Calhoun, Kathleen P. Bell

Faculty Publications

Sustainability science uses a transdisciplinary research process in which academic and non-academic partners collaborate to identify a common problem and co-produce knowledge to develop more sustainable solutions. Sustainability scientists have advanced the theory and practice of facilitating collaborative efforts such that the knowledge created is usable. There has been less emphasis, however, on the last step of the transdisciplinary process: enacting solutions. We analyzed a case study of a transdisciplinary research effort in which co-produced policy simulation information shaped the creation of a new policy mechanism. More specifically, by studying the development of a mechanism for conserving vernal pool ecosystems, …

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Global Patterns And Drivers Of Ecosystem Functioning In Rivers And Riparian Zones, Scott D. Tiegs, David M. Costello, Mark W. Isken, Guy Woodward, Peter B. Mcintyre, Mark O. Gessner, Eric Chauvet, Natalie A. Griffiths, Alex S. Flecker, Vicenç Acuña, Ricardo Albariño, Daniel C. Allen, Cecilia Alonso, Patricio Andino, Clay Arango, Jukka Aroviita, Marcus V.M. Barbosa, Leon A. Barmuta, Denise A. Bruesewitz, Francis J. Burdon, Marcos Callisto, Cristina Canhoto, Krista A. Capps, Maria M. Castillo, Joanne Clapcott, Fanny Colas, Checo Checo Colón-Gaud, Julien Cornut, Verónica Crespo-Pérez, Wyatt F. Cross, Joseph M. Culp, Michael Danger, Olivier Dangles, Elvira De Eyto, Alison M. Derry, Veronica Díaz Villanueva, Michael M. Douglas, Arturo Elosegi, Andrea C. Encalada, Sally Entrekin, Rodrigo Espinosa, Diana Ethaiya, Verónica Ferreira, Carmen Ferriol, Kyla M. Flanagan, Tadeusz Fleituch, Jennifer J. Follstad Shah, André Frainer, Nikolai Friberg, Paul C. Frost, Erica A. Garcia, Liliana García Lago, Pavel Ernesto García Soto, Sudeep Ghate, Darren P. Giling, Alan Gilmer, José Franciso Gonçalves Jr., Rosario Karina Gonzales, Manuel A.S. Graça, Mike Grace, Hans-Peter Grossart, François Guérold, Vlad Gulis, Luiz U. Hepp, Scott Higgins, Takuo Hishi, Joseph Huddart, John Hudson, Samantha Imberger, Carlos Iñiguez-Armijos, Tomoya Iwata, David J. Janetski, Eleanor Jennings, Andrea E. Kirkwood, Aaron A. Koning, Sarian Kosten, Kevin A. Kuehn, Hjalmar Laudon, Peter R. Leavitt, Aurea L. Lemes Da Silva, Shawn G. Leroux, Carri J. Leroy, Peter J. Lisi, Richard Mackenzie, Amy M. Marcarelli, Frank O. Masese, Brendan G. Mckie, Adriana Oliveira Medeiros, Kristian Meissner, Marko Miliša, Shailendra Mishra, Yo Miyake, Ashley Moerke, Shorok Mombrikotb, Rob Mooney, Tim Moulton, Timo Muotka, Junjiro N. Negishi, Vinicius Neres-Lima, Mika L. Nieminen, Jorge Nimptsch, Jakub Ondruch, Riku Paavola, Isabel Pardo, Christopher J. Patrick, Edwin T.H.M. Peeters, Jesus Pozo, Catherine Pringle, Aaron Prussian, Estefania Quenta, Antonio Quesada, Brian Reid, John S. Richardson, Anna Rigosi, José Rincón, Geta Rîșnoveanu, Christopher T. Robinson, Lorena Rodríguez-Gallego, Todd V. Royer, James A. Rusak, Anna C. Santamans, Géza B. Selmeczy, Gelas Simiyu, Agnija Skuja, Jerzy Smykla, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Ryan Sponseller, Aaron Stoler, Christopher M. Swan, David Szlag, Franco Teixera-De Mello, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Sari Uusheimo, Allison M. Veach, Sirje Vilbaste, Lena B.M. Vought, Chiao-Ping Wang, Jackon R. Webster, Paul B. Wilson, Stefan Woelfl, Marguerite A. Xenopolous, Adam G. Yates, Chihiro Yoshimura, Catherine M. Yule, Yixin X. Zhang, Jacob A. Zwart Jan 2019

Global Patterns And Drivers Of Ecosystem Functioning In Rivers And Riparian Zones, Scott D. Tiegs, David M. Costello, Mark W. Isken, Guy Woodward, Peter B. Mcintyre, Mark O. Gessner, Eric Chauvet, Natalie A. Griffiths, Alex S. Flecker, Vicenç Acuña, Ricardo Albariño, Daniel C. Allen, Cecilia Alonso, Patricio Andino, Clay Arango, Jukka Aroviita, Marcus V.M. Barbosa, Leon A. Barmuta, Denise A. Bruesewitz, Francis J. Burdon, Marcos Callisto, Cristina Canhoto, Krista A. Capps, Maria M. Castillo, Joanne Clapcott, Fanny Colas, Checo Checo Colón-Gaud, Julien Cornut, Verónica Crespo-Pérez, Wyatt F. Cross, Joseph M. Culp, Michael Danger, Olivier Dangles, Elvira De Eyto, Alison M. Derry, Veronica Díaz Villanueva, Michael M. Douglas, Arturo Elosegi, Andrea C. Encalada, Sally Entrekin, Rodrigo Espinosa, Diana Ethaiya, Verónica Ferreira, Carmen Ferriol, Kyla M. Flanagan, Tadeusz Fleituch, Jennifer J. Follstad Shah, André Frainer, Nikolai Friberg, Paul C. Frost, Erica A. Garcia, Liliana García Lago, Pavel Ernesto García Soto, Sudeep Ghate, Darren P. Giling, Alan Gilmer, José Franciso Gonçalves Jr., Rosario Karina Gonzales, Manuel A.S. Graça, Mike Grace, Hans-Peter Grossart, François Guérold, Vlad Gulis, Luiz U. Hepp, Scott Higgins, Takuo Hishi, Joseph Huddart, John Hudson, Samantha Imberger, Carlos Iñiguez-Armijos, Tomoya Iwata, David J. Janetski, Eleanor Jennings, Andrea E. Kirkwood, Aaron A. Koning, Sarian Kosten, Kevin A. Kuehn, Hjalmar Laudon, Peter R. Leavitt, Aurea L. Lemes Da Silva, Shawn G. Leroux, Carri J. Leroy, Peter J. Lisi, Richard Mackenzie, Amy M. Marcarelli, Frank O. Masese, Brendan G. Mckie, Adriana Oliveira Medeiros, Kristian Meissner, Marko Miliša, Shailendra Mishra, Yo Miyake, Ashley Moerke, Shorok Mombrikotb, Rob Mooney, Tim Moulton, Timo Muotka, Junjiro N. Negishi, Vinicius Neres-Lima, Mika L. Nieminen, Jorge Nimptsch, Jakub Ondruch, Riku Paavola, Isabel Pardo, Christopher J. Patrick, Edwin T.H.M. Peeters, Jesus Pozo, Catherine Pringle, Aaron Prussian, Estefania Quenta, Antonio Quesada, Brian Reid, John S. Richardson, Anna Rigosi, José Rincón, Geta Rîșnoveanu, Christopher T. Robinson, Lorena Rodríguez-Gallego, Todd V. Royer, James A. Rusak, Anna C. Santamans, Géza B. Selmeczy, Gelas Simiyu, Agnija Skuja, Jerzy Smykla, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Ryan Sponseller, Aaron Stoler, Christopher M. Swan, David Szlag, Franco Teixera-De Mello, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Sari Uusheimo, Allison M. Veach, Sirje Vilbaste, Lena B.M. Vought, Chiao-Ping Wang, Jackon R. Webster, Paul B. Wilson, Stefan Woelfl, Marguerite A. Xenopolous, Adam G. Yates, Chihiro Yoshimura, Catherine M. Yule, Yixin X. Zhang, Jacob A. Zwart

Faculty Publications

River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth’s biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints …

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