Digital Commons Network^™

Cortical Hierarchy And Aphasia Severity: The Sensorimotor–Association Gradient Modulates Lesion Effects Within Language-Specific Networks, Ida Rangus, Natalie Busby, Nicholas Riccardi, Sigfus Kristinsson, Janina Wilmskoetter, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Chris Rorden, Roger Newman-Norlund, Julius Fridriksson Ph.D., Leonardo Bonilha

Faculty Publications

Aphasia severity after stroke varies widely and is not fully explained by lesion size or location. We propose that incorporating the brain’s sensorimotor-association (S-A) gradient, reflecting cortical hierarchy, offers a biologically grounded framework for predicting language outcomes. In 236 individuals with chronic left-hemisphere stroke, we examine whether the hierarchical position of lesions in language-specific (LS) and domain-general (DG) areas modulates aphasia severity. We parcellate lesions using a cortical atlas and weigh them by each region’s S-A rank. We apply hierarchical linear regression to test whether S-A ranking and its interaction with lesion volume improves prediction of Western Aphasia Battery-Revised Aphasia …

Transmission Of Geopolitical Shocks To Firm Behavior: A Synthesis And Integrative Model, Daniel S. Andrews, Harald Puhr, April Knill

Faculty Publications

This study examines the transmission of geopolitical shocks to firm behavior. While previous research has primarily focused on the direct relation between shocks and firm behavior, we provide a more nuanced understanding by conceptualizing geopolitical shocks as disruptions that evolve through explicit and implicit channels to influence firm behavior. Based on a systematic review of 159 articles, we identify the key mechanisms that transmit the impacts of a geopolitical shock. Our findings reveal that geopolitical shocks manifest in institutions and their lower-level mechanisms, and such transmission is neither uniform nor random. Furthermore, we categorize firm behavior into distinct response modalities. …

Temperature Dependent High Frequency Performance Of A 62% Algan Channel Hemt, Jiahao Chen, Abdullah Al Mamun Mazumder, Parthasarathy Seshadri, Dheekshinn Nandakumar, Ruixin Bai, Rafael Andrew Choudhury, M. Asif Khan, Chirag Gupta

Faculty Publications

This article reports on the temperature dependent performance of a HEMT with an Al_0.62Ga_0.38N channel layer and an Al_0.84Ga_0.16N barrier layer grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. The device in this report was measured at room temperature and elevated temperatures of 100–150 °C. The sheet resistance increased from 3.5 kΩ/sq (25 °C) to 5.4 kΩ/sq (150 °C), while the contact resistance remained nominally similar. For a device with 160 nm gate length and 2 µm source-to-drain length, excellent electrical characteristics have been achieved when the device was operated at 150 °C with …

Esg Performance In The Regulatory Transformation Era: A Systematic Thematic Review (2020–2024), Jiyeon Kim Ph.D., Wooyoung Yang

Faculty Publications

Introduction:

The 2020-2024 period represents a regulatory transformation era in ESG research, marked by mandatory disclosure frameworks (CSRD/ESRS, SEC climate rules, ISSB standards) replacing voluntary approaches. This creates a natural experiment for examining ESG-performance relationships under compulsory reporting. Despite extensive voluntary-period literature, limited research addresses how mandatory frameworks alter these relationships during regulatory transformation.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic thematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (INPLASY202570105). Comprehensive database searches (2020–2024) yielded 4,441 records; after screening (Cohen's κ = 0.89), 17 high-quality studies met inclusion criteria (12 primary search, 5 ESRS-specific supplementary search). Thematic analysis identified ten interconnected themes grounded in …

Tectonic Implications Of Transitional Melting Regimes From Petrological, Geochronological, And Compositional Characterization Of The Ophiolitic Seventymile Terrane, Alaska, Usa, Erin Todd, Johnathan Saul Caine, Michael Bizimis, Andrew R.C. Kylander-Clark, Robert Reece Hammond, Alicja Wypych

Faculty Publications

New geochemical, U-Pb geochronology, and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope data provide evidence for the tectonic evolution of the Seventymile terrane in interior Alaska, USA. Ultramafic and mafic rocks of the Seventymile terrane are thought to represent components of a dismembered ophiolite and provide unique constraints on regional terrane evolution and accretion. The Seventymile ophiolite represents fragments of the Devonian to Permian Slide Mountain Ocean (SMO) that separated allochthonous and parautochthonous continental fragments of western North America. It now occurs as multiple thrust sheets containing Permian mafic and ultramafic rocks overlying and/or possibly imbricated with amphibolite-facies supracrustal rocks of allochthonous Yukon-Tanana terrane and …

State Prior Authorization Prohibitions And Buprenorphine Retention Among Privately Insured Patients, Ju-Chen Hu, Shashi N. Kapadia, Hao Zhang, Ali Jalali, Kristen Underhill, Christina Andrews Ph.D., Yuhua Bao

Faculty Publications

Importance  Buprenorphine is the most commonly prescribed medication for opioid use disorder, but rates of retention in treatment remain low. Prior authorization (PA) has been identified as a barrier to the administration of buprenorphine, and patients may need multiple PAs to continue treatment; thus, many states have passed laws to prohibit the use of PA for buprenorphine in private insurance.

Objective  To examine the association between PA prohibitions and buprenorphine treatment retention overall and by branded vs generic drug status.

Design, Setting, and Participants  This cross-sectional study used a difference-in-differences design and private insurance claims data from 49 states and …

Multiple Myeloma Risk Linked To Dna Damage Response Genes, Michael Conry, Irina Ostrovnaya, Yelena Kemel, Saloni Sinha, Linda B. Baughn, Brian Avery, Kylee Maclachlan, Victoria Groner, Lauren Banaszak, Aaron Norman, Nicholas J. Boddicker, Alyssa I. Clay-Gilmour Ph.D., Shaji Kumar, Ellen Kim, Sita Dandiker, Mitul Waghmare, Susan Slager, Douglas Sborov, Judy Garber, Elizabeth E. Brown, Michelle Hildebrandt, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

Background DNA damage response genes (DDRG), implicated in several cancers as both predisposing risk factors as well as biomarkers for aggressiveness, have not been fully explored in multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods Herein, we analyzed disease associations of pathogenic variations in nine putative candidate genes using 3 446 MM cases and 323 233 cancer-free controls.

Results Increased MM risk was found to be associated with inherited rare pathogenic mutations in TP53, ATM, CHEK2, KDM1A, and ARID1A, with an enrichment of these variants among individuals with early onset or family history of MM. Individuals with TP53 or ATM germline mutations are also …

Mapping Mosquito Diversity In Kenya Correlating Species Distribution With Malaria Prevalence Across Varied Climatic Parameters, Jeremiah O. Zablon, Vanrun Goel, David Giesbrecht, Lenson Kariuki, Charles Mbogo, William C. Goedel, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Damaris Matoke-Muhia

Faculty Publications

Background

Malaria is a major public health problem, with over half of the world’s population, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa, at risk. Climate change is already affecting the prevalence of malaria, in part by altering the distribution and density of mosquito vectors. This study assessed the relationship between climate variables and mosquito species distribution on malaria prevalence in Kenya from January 2019 to June 2021.

Methods

Data from 23 Kenyan counties were analyzed using mixed-effect regression, spatial analysis, correlation analysis, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to select variables.

Results

Malaria prevalence was highest in the Lake Endemic …

Asian Reference Values For Handgrip Strength, Gait Speed, Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand Test, Muscle Mass And Calf Circumference, Jozo Grgic, Siew Ling Tey, Dieu Thi Thu Huynh, Yen Ling Low, Zeljko Pedisic, Nina Schaller, Vanessa Kristina Wazny, Weilan Wang, Yasuhiko Saito, Ravindra P Rannan-Eliya, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Monique Chaaya, Carlos Mendes De Leon, Preeti Gupta, Ecosse L Lamoureux, Mythily Subramaniam, Edimansyah Abdin, Rahul Malhotra, Angelique Chan, Bayasgalan Tumenbayar, Oyunbileg Luvsandavaajav, Bolormaa Enkhtuvshin, Norma Mansor, Halimah Awang, Andrea B Maier

Faculty Publications

Background:Handgrip strength, gait speed, Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) performance, skeletal muscle mass and calf circumference are important health outcomes, particularly useful for diagnosing sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to establish reference (normative) values for handgrip strength, gait speed, FTSST performance, skeletal muscle mass and calf circumference by pooling individual participant data from national cohorts in Asia.

>Methods:We conducted a pooled analysis of individual participant data from 20 national cohorts representing 12 Asian countries (China, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Mongolia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore and Sri Lanka). We included cohorts with data on at least …

Flux Crystal Growth Of Potassium Lanthanide Double Vanadates With Lanthanide-Dependent Coordination Number Variance, Hunter B. Tisdale, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

A series of potassium rare earth double vanadates is presented. Single crystals of double vanadates with stoichiometry K₃Ln(VO₄)₂ (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, and Sm) and crystallizing in the glaserite structure type were synthesized via a molten alkali chloride/fluoride flux reaction. Different structures were observed depending on the constituent rare earth: K₃La(VO₄)₂ crystallizes in an as-of-yet unreported modification of the typical glaserite structure in the space group P2₁/c, likely due to its larger ionic size that results in an increase in the lanthanide coordination number …

Risk And Public Judgments On Police Pursuits: A Nationally Representative Conjoint Experiment, Scott M. Mourtgos, Ian T. Adams, Kyle Mclean, Geoffrey P. Alpert

Faculty Publications

Police vehicle pursuits emphasize a central tension between law enforcement imperatives and public safety. While modern policies emphasize balancing apprehension needs against risks of continuation, little is known about whether public intuitions mirror this framework. We address this gap using a nationally representative conjoint experiment (N = 3,334) that varied eleven contextual factors across randomized pursuit scenarios. Respondents rated perceived risk, indicated whether pursuits should be terminated, and made forced-choice tradeoffs. Across all outcomes, high-risk situational factors (e.g., high speeds, adverse weather, heavy traffic, urban settings, etc.) increased perceived danger and termination support, while more serious underlying offenses, particularly …

The Long Run Effects Of A Teacher-Focused School Reform On Student Outcomes, Sarah R. Cohodes, Ozkan Eren, Orgul Ozturk

Faculty Publications

This paper examines the effects of a teacher-focused school reform program — combining performance pay with teacher observation and feedback — implemented in high-need schools on students’ longer-run educational, criminal justice, and economic self-sufficiency outcomes. Using linked administrative data from a Southern state, we leverage the quasi-randomness of the timing of program adoption across schools to show that the school reform improved educational attainment and reduced both felony criminal activity before age 19 and dependence on government assistance in early adulthood (ages 18–22). We find little scope for student sorting or changes in the composition of teacher workforce to explain …

Precision Acoustofluidics For High-Throughput Mechanobiology In Suspension Cells, Kaichun Yang, Ruoyu Zhong, Ke Li, John Mai, Pengzhan Liu, Ye He, Joseph Rich, Ying Chen, Janna Wang, Zhiteng Ma, Zhiteng Ma, Xianchen Xu, Qian Wu, Tony Jun Huang

Faculty Publications

Mechanomodulation, the process of altering cellular behavior through applied mechanical forces, plays a critical role in physiological processes and has substantial implications for cancer therapy, immunology, and drug development. However, precise and efficient stimulation of nonadherent cells remains a major challenge, limiting the investigation of mechanotransduction pathways and the development of targeted therapeutics. Here, we developed an acoustofluidic platform named Suspension-cell Targeted Response to Excitation via Acoustofluidic Mechanomodulation (STREAM) to enable precise, high-throughput stimulation of suspension cells. STREAM accomplishes this using 101.14-megahertz high-frequency surface acoustic waves to deliver controlled mechanical stimulation at a throughput of 500,000 cells per minute. STREAM …

Confessions Of A Beginning Dutch Learner, Kristin Lems

Faculty Publications

I have studied, taught about, and learned new languages throughout my lifespan. In fact, it has been the very core of my teaching career.  Now, I have the humbling experience of testing those truths against a new enterprise:  learning Dutch.  I spent last summer in the Netherlands, pursuing family roots and acquiring what Dutch I could.  I took no formal classes but did attend a free dropin class at the local library, where - believe me - I was the lowest learner in the lowest group! Here are some of my insights, from notes taken during that summer:

Humanizing The Base Of The Pyramid: Exploring The Influence Of Resource (Dis)Advantages On Value Creation, Ted London, Lisa Jones Christensen, Tyson Mackey, Alison Mackey, Heather Esper, Andrew Grogan-Kaylor

Faculty Publications

Base of the pyramid (BoP) scholarship emphasizes the potential for enterprises to generate profits by enhancing the wellbeing of the impoverished, often by selling socially-beneficial products (SBPs). Yet, many such BoP enterprises have experienced mixed results. We argue that this may stem from insufficient attention to how BoP consumers value SBPs and other products. We frame SBPs as a type of human capital investment and thus use human capital theory to study how the consumption of SBPs does or does not create value for consumers. Specifically, we use a novel data set from rural India to measure value creation in …

Gambling Away Stability: Sports Betting’S Impact On Vulnerable H, Scott R. Baker, Justin Balthrop, Mark J. Johnson, Jason Kotter, Kevin Pisciotta

Faculty Publications

We estimate the causal effect of online sports betting on households’ investment, spending, and debt management decisions using household transaction data and a staggered difference-in-differences framework. Following legalization, sports betting spreads quickly, with both the number of participants and frequency of bets increasing over time. This increase does not displace other gambling or consumption but significantly reduces savings, as risky bets crowd out positive expected value investments. These effects concentrate among frequent bettors and low-savings households. Our findings highlight the potential adverse effects of online sports betting on vulnerable households.

The Trial Of Socrates, Jonathan Van Patten

Faculty Publications

In many important ways, the trial of Socrates was not just the trial of the century, nor even the trial of the millennium. It predated the trial of Jesus, which is important for many other reasons, but Socrates’ contribution to how we think about justice and the rule of law is without equal. This Article explores the ways that this fifth-century B.C. trial, located geographically on the margin of what came to be known as the West, is at the center of what makes us a civilization. It is not simply about the drama, nor the politics of free inquiry, …

Rosenwald Rural School Libraries, Suzanne Marie Stauffer

Faculty Publications

The Rosenwald Rural School Libraries Program was created as an adjunct to the Rosenwald Rural Schools Program, which funded the construction of 4,977 rural Black school buildings in fifteen Southern states, 395 of them in Louisiana. However, it soon became apparent that providing textbooks was not enough to promote literacy and develop self-directed reading among students. The officers and agents of the Fund realized fairly early in the Rural Schools Program that there was a want of reading materials in the South in general. Beginning in 1927, the Rosenwald Fund began providing collections of graded fiction and non-fiction books to …

Grandmothers Of Invention: A Commentary On Fifty Years Of Hazards And Disasters Research And Practice In The United States, Susan L. Cutter, Kathleen Tierney

Faculty Publications

This commentary highlights the role of “grandmothers of invention”: women in the United States who were the first to enter the field of hazards and disasters as core researchers and who played key roles in advancing the science and practice of hazards/disasters research since 1975. We examine the evolution and transformation of the field from the perspective of the women who were initially entering a male-dominated field. The innovations in theory, concepts, tools, topics, and mentoring the next generation of scholars and practitioners are highlighted. Notably, emphasis on these women's singular and collective influence on practice and policy highlights the …

Stoichiometry-Controlled Surface Reconstructions In Epitaxial Abo3 Perovskites For Sustainable Energy Applications, Habib Rostaghi Chalaki, Ebenezer Seesi, Gene Yang, Mohammad El Loubani, Dongkyu Lee

Faculty Publications

ABO₃ perovskite oxides are a versatile class of materials whose surfaces and interfaces play essential roles in sustainable energy technologies, including catalysis, solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells, thermoelectrics, and energy-relevant oxide electronics. The interplay between point defects and surface reconstructions strongly affects interfacial stability, charge transport, and catalytic activity under operating conditions. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding how oxygen vacancies, cation nonstoichiometry, and electronic defects couple to atomic-scale surface rearrangements in representative perovskite systems. We first revisit Tasker’s classification of ionic surfaces and clarify how defect chemistry provides compensation mechanisms that stabilize otherwise polar or metastable …

Reinforcement Learning-Enabled Control And Design Of Rigid-Link Robotic Fish: A Comprehensive Review, Nhat Dinh, Darion Vosbein, Yuehua Wang, Qingsong Cui

Faculty Publications

With the rising demand for maritime surveys of infrastructure, energy resources, and environmental conditions, autonomous robotic fish have emerged as a promising solution with their biomimetic propulsion, agile motion, efficiency, and capacity for underwater inspection, monitoring, data collection, and exploration tasks in complex aquatic environments. Inspired by fish spines, rigid-link fish robots (RLFRs), a category of robotic fish, are widely utilized in robotics research and applications. Their rigid, actuated joints enable them to reproduce the undulatory locomotion and high maneuverability of biological fishes, while the modular nature of rigid links between joints makes them cost-effective and easy to assemble. This …

Navigating Racist Spaces Through Radical Self-Care: A Photovoice Exploration Of The Experiences Of Black Graduate Students, Laetitia Adelson, Cherese Fine, Dion Harry, Keneisha Harrington, Rebecca Lynn Morgan Ph.D., Tomiko Smalls, Jerad Green, Courtney Allen, Anuoluwapo Bankole, Robin Phelps-Ward

Faculty Publications

This manuscript examines the impact of racist campus climates for Black graduate students at a predominantly white institution. Using a photovoice methodological design, this study illuminates students’ ability to thrive through radical self-care despite the many racist factors, incidents, and systems at the institution. The paper ends with recommendations for improving campus racial climate in graduate education.

Amalie Joachim: Reminiscences Of Childhood, Robert W. Eshbach

Faculty Publications

This bilingual edition presents Reminiscences of Childhood, the autobiographical narrative of the Austrian operatic singer Amalie Joachim (née Schneeweiss), in Nina Joachim’s English translation together with the original German text. Written for her daughters, the memoir recounts Joachim’s family background in Carinthia and Styria; her early musical training and exposure to domestic chamber music; the political and personal upheavals of the revolutions of 1848; the death of her father and the family’s subsequent poverty; and her first theatrical engagements in Troppau and Hermannstadt. The narrative offers a vivid first-person account of musical life, female artistic formation, family survival, provincial theatre, …

Do Audit Partner And Audit Committee Member Ideologies Influence Engagement Partner Selection And Financial Reporting Oversight Effectiveness?, Robert Felix, Sattar Mansi, Mikhail Pevzner, Timothy Seidel

Faculty Publications

This study examines whether the ideological orientation of the audit partner and audit committee members— defined as their personal belief systems and inclinations, including their attitude toward risk, ambiguity, and novelty—has an impact on engagement partner selection and the effectiveness of oversight in the financial reporting process. Drawing on prior evidence that the two main US political parties reflect different ideologies, we hand-collect political donation data to construct ideological scores for audit partners and audit committee members. Our findings highlight several intriguing relationships. First, audit committees are more likely to select an ideologically dissimilar partner. Second, greater ideological dissimilarity between …

The Composition Of Gases From A Diffusion Flame Above Longleaf Pine Needle Fuel Beds, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher, Timothy J. Johnson, Weimin Hao, Russell G. Tonkyn, Catherine A. Banach, Javier Palarea-Albaladejo, Mahsa Alizadeh, Stephen Baker

Faculty Publications

The gas and tar composition of a wildland fire diffusion flame from longleaf pine needles is currently relatively unmeasured and more data are needed to fill in the gap between pyrolysis data and smoke plume data, thus improving physical and chemical modeling of wildland smoke formation. A pilot experiment to measure light gas and tar composition of such a flame is described for three flame zones: persistent flame (flame base), intermittent flame, and smoke plume. Flame gases from 24 experimental fires were collected in canisters and analyzed for CO2, CO, H2, CH4, and C2 to C7 hydrocarbon gases. Other light …

Efficiently Stowed Flashers With Uniform-Thickness Panels Based On Non-Developable Origami, Larry L. Howell, Robert J. Lang, Specer P. Magleby, Davis Wing

Faculty Publications

We present the mathematical construction of a deployable flasher pattern with near-uniform nonzero thickness in the deployed form and efficient face-to-face packing in the stowed form. We demonstrate its fabrication, deployment, and stowage. The results facilitate the design and manufacture of deployable systems with panels whose substantial thickness is dictated by the end application, with particular utility for space systems.

Limits On Damages For Breach Of A Forum Selection Clause, John F. Coyle, Tanya Monestier

Faculty Publications

When a plaintiff sues in a court other than the one designated in a forum selection clause, the defendant’s remedial options are limited. It can ask the court to dismiss the case outright. Or it can ask the court to transfer the case to the designated forum. The defendant typically cannot, however, recover money damages—in the form of attorneys’ fees and related expenses—that it incurs in the course of persuading the court that transfer or dismissal is appropriate. This is because the conventional wisdom among judges has long been that damages are not available for breach of a forum selection …

A First Amendment Right To Know, David S. Ardia

Faculty Publications

This Article tackles an increasingly important question: Can police round up people on American streets and keep secret the names of those they detain without violating the First Amendment? Alarmingly, the government made this very argument in the summer of 2020 when it sought to break up Black Lives Matter protests occurring in cities across the country. Based in part on a Supreme Court decision from the 1970s involving access to prisons, the government argued that the First Amendment imposes no constraints on government secrecy. If it is true that the government can shield its exercise of police power from …

Abuse Of Contract: A Proposal For A New Cause Of Action, Miriam A. Cherry

Faculty Publications

With the growth of online commerce and the platform economy, many companies are including provisions in their online terms and conditions that extend far beyond what reasonable consumers would expect. Some terms and conditions purport to bind customers to separate contracts in future transactions that have little to do with the first contract. Other boilerplate purports to cover family members of the customer who created an account. Some retailers have argued that people shopping in their brick-and-mortar stores are subject to terms and conditions because those shoppers had at some point previously created an online account. For example, Disney argued …

Mental And Physical Humanlikeness In Artificial Intelligence Influencers: Effects On Humanness, Eeriness, And Consumer Responses, Terry Kim Ph.D., Hyunjoo Im

Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) influencers, nonhuman characters powered by AI, have garnered a significant following on social media in recent years. Through two between-subjects online experiments (n = 957), this study investigates the impact of AI influencers' appearance realism and self-disclosure on consumer perceptions (humanness and eeriness) and their downstream responses (intention to self-disclose, intention to follow the advice, and brand attitude). Drawing from anthropomorphism and theory of mind, this study emphasizes the distinction of two dimensions of AI influencers' humanlikeness (physical and mental) which differently affect the humanness and eeriness of the AI influencer. Results indicate that the AI …