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Manufacturing Ideology: Scientific Management In Twentieth-Century Japan, By William M. Tsutsui, William Dean Kinzley Oct 1999

Manufacturing Ideology: Scientific Management In Twentieth-Century Japan, By William M. Tsutsui, William Dean Kinzley

Faculty Publications

A review of Manufacturing Ideology: Scientific Management in Twentieth-Century Japan, by William M. Tsutsui

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Desire, Violence, And The Passion In Fragment Vii Of "The Canterbury Tales": A Girardian Reading, Curtis Gruenler Oct 1999

Desire, Violence, And The Passion In Fragment Vii Of "The Canterbury Tales": A Girardian Reading, Curtis Gruenler

Faculty Publications

Part of a special issue on René Girard. The tales of fragment 7 of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales collectively address the problem of human violence and the potential of literature to perpetuate or remedy this problem. The narrative that links the two middles tales of fragment 7 provides a critique of violence that goes beyond mere opposition to war. In this narrative, Chaucer alludes to Christ's crucifixion and death in order to speak as a witness to suffering. In the first three tales of fragment 7—The Shipman's Tale, The Prioress's Tale, and Sir Thopas,—Chaucer depicts the tendencies to mythologize violence in …

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Extended Stratification: Immigrant And Native Differences In Individual And Family Labor., Pidi Zhang, Jimy M. Sanders Oct 1999

Extended Stratification: Immigrant And Native Differences In Individual And Family Labor., Pidi Zhang, Jimy M. Sanders

Faculty Publications

The article outlines a theoretical system of extended stratification in order to account for differences between immigrants and natives in the amount of time individuals devote to paid work and the number of family members participating in paid work. The extended stratification theory contends that because people have different socio-economic frames of reference, they vary in their willingness to work long hours in an effort to achieve modest improvements in their current socioeconomic circumstances. Thus, immigrants from relatively poor societies tend to see their richer host society as abundant in opportunities for getting ahead through hard work. Immigrants will often …

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Negotiated Development Denial Meets People's Court: Del Monte Dunes Brings New Wildcards To Exactions Law, Jonathan M. Davidson, Ronald H. Rosenberg, Michael C. Spata Oct 1999

Negotiated Development Denial Meets People's Court: Del Monte Dunes Brings New Wildcards To Exactions Law, Jonathan M. Davidson, Ronald H. Rosenberg, Michael C. Spata

Faculty Publications

The United States Supreme Court Answered "YES" to the $1.45 million over exaction question for 1999. In City of Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes at Monterey Ltd., a unanimous court extended the scope of compensatory takings review beyond land dedication conditions into the realm of regulatory denial. Justice Kennedy's opinion vitalized the "legitimate state interests" test from Agins v. City of Tiburon to sustain an inverse condemnation conclusion and damage award to the frustrated developer. A majority of the court also concurred that the trial court may delegate this takings conclusion to the jury under federal civil rights law. The …

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Evaluation Of The Use Of Optical Fiber Thermometers For Thermal Control Of The Quench Module Insert, Matthew R. Jones, Jeffery T. Farmer, Shawn P. Breeding Sep 1999

Evaluation Of The Use Of Optical Fiber Thermometers For Thermal Control Of The Quench Module Insert, Matthew R. Jones, Jeffery T. Farmer, Shawn P. Breeding

Faculty Publications

Issues regarding the use of optical fiber thermometers to control heater settings in a microgravity vacuum furnace are addressed. It is desirable to use these probes in environments such as the International Space Station, because they can be operated without re-calibration for extended periods. However, the analysis presented in this paper shows that temperature readings obtained using optical fiber thermometers can be corrupted by emissions from the fiber when extended portions of the probe are exposed to elevated temperatures.

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Patient And Care Giver Perceptions Of Cancer Pain Control, Patricia Rushton, Sherry Brown Sep 1999

Patient And Care Giver Perceptions Of Cancer Pain Control, Patricia Rushton, Sherry Brown

Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: This study measured the perceptions of Utah cancer patients and cargivers concerning knowledge about and adequacy of pharmacologic cancer pain control. METHODS: A descriptive survey was used. Questionnaires were sent to cancer patients and caregivers surveying their knowledge about and perceptions of the adequacy of pharmacologic cancer pain control. RESULTS: The study had a 52% response rate (259 of 500). Eighty five percent (219 of 259) of the respondents stated they had no cancer pain. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Cancer literature indicated that much cancer pain is not effectively controlled. The majority of the respondents of this study reported no pain. …

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Mathematical Modelling Of Extracellular Matrix Dynamics Using Discrete Cells: Fiber Orientation And Tissue Regeneration, J. C. Dallon, J. A. Sherratt, P. K. Maini Aug 1999

Mathematical Modelling Of Extracellular Matrix Dynamics Using Discrete Cells: Fiber Orientation And Tissue Regeneration, J. C. Dallon, J. A. Sherratt, P. K. Maini

Faculty Publications

Matrix orientation plays a crucial role in determining the severity of scar tissue after dermal wounding. We present a model framework which allows us to examine the interaction of many of the factors involved in orientation and alignment. Within this framework, cells are considered as discrete objects, while the matrix is modeled as a continuum. Using numerical simulations, we investigate the effect on alignment of changing cell properties and of varying cell interactions with collagen and fibrin.

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Theoretical And Practical Requirements For A System Of Pre-Design Analysis, Andrew S. Gibbons, Jon S. Nelson, Robert E. Richards Aug 1999

Theoretical And Practical Requirements For A System Of Pre-Design Analysis, Andrew S. Gibbons, Jon S. Nelson, Robert E. Richards

Faculty Publications

This research is aimed at bridging the worlds of simulation design as practiced by computer scientists and systems engineers and instructional design as practiced by a multitude of corporate, government, and military instructional designers, most of whom lack formal schooling in the techniques of either area.

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Nonlinear Robust Missile Autopilot Design Using Successive Galerkin Approximation, Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard Aug 1999

Nonlinear Robust Missile Autopilot Design Using Successive Galerkin Approximation, Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard

Faculty Publications

The application of a new nonlinear robust control strategy to the design of missile autopilots is presented. The control approach described and demonstrated here is based upon the numerical solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation by Successive Galerkin Approximation. Using this approach, feedback controllers are computed by an iterative application of a numerical Galerkin-type PDE solver. Application of this approach to the design of a pitch-axis autopilot for a missile having uncertain pitch moment and lift force is described.

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A Neural Model Of Centered Tri-Gram Speech Recognition, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur Jul 1999

A Neural Model Of Centered Tri-Gram Speech Recognition, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur

Faculty Publications

A relaxation network model that includes higher order weight connections is introduced. To demonstrate its utility, the model is applied to the speech recognition domain. Traditional speech recognition systems typically consider only that context preceding the word to be recognized. However, intuition suggests that considering both preceding context as well as following context should improve recognition accuracy. The work described here tests this hypothesis by applying the higher order relaxation network to consider both precedes and follows context in speech recognition. The results demonstrate both the general utility of the higher order relaxation network as well as its improvement over …

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Combining Cross-Validation And Confidence To Measure Fitness, Tony R. Martinez, D. Randall Wilson Jul 1999

Combining Cross-Validation And Confidence To Measure Fitness, Tony R. Martinez, D. Randall Wilson

Faculty Publications

Neural network and machine learning algorithms often have parameters that must be tuned for good performance on a particular task. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LCV) accuracy is often used to measure the fitness of a set of parameter values. However, small changes in parameters often have no effect on LCV accuracy. Many learning algorithms can measure the confidence of a classification decision, but often confidence alone is an inappropriate measure of fitness. This paper proposes a combined measure of Cross- Validation and Confidence (CVC) for obtaining a continuous measure of fitness for sets of parameters in learning algorithms. This paper also proposes …

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The Little Neuron That Could, Timothy L. Andersen, Tony R. Martinez Jul 1999

The Little Neuron That Could, Timothy L. Andersen, Tony R. Martinez

Faculty Publications

SLPs (single layer perceptrons) oflen exhibit reasonable generalization performance on many problems of interest. However, due to the well known limitations of SLPs very little effort has been made to improve their performance. This paper proposes a method for improving the performance of SLPs called "wagging" (weight averaging). This method involves training several different SLPs on the same training data, and then averaging their weights to obtain a single SLP. The performance of the wagged SLP is compared with other more complex learning algorithms (bp, c4.5, ibl, MML, etc) on 15 data sets from real world problem domains. Surprisingly, the …

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Cross Validation And Mlp Architecture Selection, Timothy L. Andersen, Tony R. Martinez Jul 1999

Cross Validation And Mlp Architecture Selection, Timothy L. Andersen, Tony R. Martinez

Faculty Publications

The performance of cross validation (CV) based MLP architecture selection is examined using 14 real world problem domains. When testing many different network architectures the results show that CV is only slightly more likely than random to select the optimal network architecture, and that the strategy of using the simplest available network architecture performs better than CV in this case. Experimental evidence suggests several reasons for the poor performance of CV. In addition, three general strategies which lead to significant increase in the performance of CV are proposed. While this paper focuses on using CV to select the optimal MLP …

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An Ellam Scheme For Advection-Diffusion Equations In Two Dimensions, Hong Wang, Helge K. Dahle, Richard E. Ewing, Magne S. Espedal, Robert Sharpley, Shushuang Man Jul 1999

An Ellam Scheme For Advection-Diffusion Equations In Two Dimensions, Hong Wang, Helge K. Dahle, Richard E. Ewing, Magne S. Espedal, Robert Sharpley, Shushuang Man

Faculty Publications

We develop an Eulerian--Lagrangian localized adjoint method (ELLAM) to solve two-dimensional advection-diffusion equations with all combinations of inflow and outflow Dirichlet, Neumann, and flux boundary conditions. The ELLAM formalism provides a systematic framework for implementation of general boundary conditions, leading to mass-conservative numerical schemes. The computational advantages of the ELLAM approximation have been demonstrated for a number of one-dimensional transport systems; practical implementations of ELLAM schemes in multiple spatial dimensions that require careful algorithm development are discussed in detail in this paper. Extensive numerical results are presented to compare the ELLAM scheme with many widely used numerical methods and to …

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The Robustness Of Relaxation Rates In Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur Jul 1999

The Robustness Of Relaxation Rates In Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur

Faculty Publications

Constraint satisfaction networks contain nodes that receive weighted evidence from external sources and/or other nodes. A relaxation process allows the activation of nodes to affect neighboring nodes, which in turn can affect their neighbors, allowing information to travel through a network. When doing discrete updates (as in a software implementation of a relaxation network), a goal net or goal activation can be computed in response to the net input into a node, and a relaxation rate can then be used to determine how fast the node moves from its current value to its goal value. An open question was whether …

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Extending The Power And Capacity Of Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Xinchuan Zeng Jul 1999

Extending The Power And Capacity Of Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Xinchuan Zeng

Faculty Publications

This work focuses on improving the Hopfield network for solving optimization problems. Although much work has been done in this area, the performance of the Hopfield network is still not satisfactory in terms of valid convergence and quality of solutions. We address this issue in this work by combing a new activation function (EBA) and a new relaxation procedure (CR) in order to improve the performance of the Hopfield network. Each of EBA and CR has been individually demonstrated capable of substantially improving the performance. The combined approach has been evaluated through 20,000 simulations based on 200 randomly generated city …

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Defending Substantial Assistance: An Old Prosecutor's Meditation On Singleton, Sealed Case, And The Maxfield-Kramer Report, Frank O. Bowman Iii Jul 1999

Defending Substantial Assistance: An Old Prosecutor's Meditation On Singleton, Sealed Case, And The Maxfield-Kramer Report, Frank O. Bowman Iii

Faculty Publications

This essay begins with a brief analysis of the panel and en banc opinions in Sealed Case and Singleton, and then turns to the more arresting question of whether the panel decisions were transitory aberrations or something more. Particularly if one considers Singleton and Sealed Case together with the Sentencing Commission's staff report on substantial assistance practice (the “Maxfield - Kramer Report”), it is difficult to escape the conclusion that unease with the current substantial assistance regime is growing. Unlike many observers, I view §5K1.1 as a very good thing, an invaluable prosecutorial tool against group criminality, but a tool …

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A Comparison Of Eclectic Learning And Stagger, J. Cory Barker, Jargalsaihan Batsaihan Jul 1999

A Comparison Of Eclectic Learning And Stagger, J. Cory Barker, Jargalsaihan Batsaihan

Faculty Publications

This project compares two machine-learning methods, Stagger and Eclectic on their classification correctness. Both systems were tested with real-world data sets previously used and tested in other machine learning and statistical literature. The Eclectic System performed better than Stagger on every data set.

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Departing Is Such Sweet Sorrow: A Year Of Judicial Revolt On "Substantial Assistance" Departures Follows A Decade Of Prosecutorial Indiscipline (Prosecution Law Symposium), Frank O. Bowman Iii Jul 1999

Departing Is Such Sweet Sorrow: A Year Of Judicial Revolt On "Substantial Assistance" Departures Follows A Decade Of Prosecutorial Indiscipline (Prosecution Law Symposium), Frank O. Bowman Iii

Faculty Publications

the first section of this essay is devoted to demonstrating the courts' errors. Nonetheless, considered together, these opinions are perhaps an understandable reflection of judicial unease with an important component of the federal sentencing system — the longstanding, but increasingly common, practice of making deals with criminal defendants to reduce their sentences in return for testimony against their accomplices. This Article's second section will consider the most common criticisms of the system of bargaining for testimony under the United States Sentencing Guidelines (the Guidelines) to determine whether Singleton and Sealed Case may be good policy even if they are bad …

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Die Altenglischen Glossen Zu Aldhelms "De Laudibus Virginitatis" In Der Handschrift Bl, Royal 6 B. Vii., Scott Gwara Jul 1999

Die Altenglischen Glossen Zu Aldhelms "De Laudibus Virginitatis" In Der Handschrift Bl, Royal 6 B. Vii., Scott Gwara

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Putting The Law Of Impeachment In Perspective, Michael J. Gerhardt Jul 1999

Putting The Law Of Impeachment In Perspective, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Dietary Assimilation Of Cadmium Associated With Bacterial Exopolymer Sediment Coatings By The Estuarine Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus: Effects Of Cd Concentration And Salinity, Christian E. Schlekat, Alan W. Decho, G. Thomas Chandler Jul 1999

Dietary Assimilation Of Cadmium Associated With Bacterial Exopolymer Sediment Coatings By The Estuarine Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus: Effects Of Cd Concentration And Salinity, Christian E. Schlekat, Alan W. Decho, G. Thomas Chandler

Faculty Publications

Bacterial extracellular substances (also known as exopolysaccharides, or EPS) may serve as vectors for trophic transfer of metals in benthic systems because these ubiquitous sediment coatings can sorb high concentrations of toxic metals, and because many benthic invertebrates assimilate EPS sediment coatings upon ingestion. We conducted 3 sets of experiments to determine the assimilative bioavailability of EPS-associated Cd to the benthic amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus as a function of Cd concentration and salinity. Bioavailability was measured as L. plumulosus Cd assimilation efficiency (AE) from EPS-coated silica (EPS●Si) and from uncoated silica (NC●Si) using modified pulse-chase methods with the gamma-emitting radioisotope 109 …

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Successive Galerkin Approximation Of The Isaacs Equation, Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard, John T. Wen Jul 1999

Successive Galerkin Approximation Of The Isaacs Equation, Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard, John T. Wen

Faculty Publications

The successive Galerkin approximation (SGA) algorithm has recently been developed for approximating solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation. The algorithm produces feedback control laws that are stabilizing on a well-defined region of state space. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the application of the SGA algorithm to two simple examples. The examples serve several purposes: first they illustrate how the algorithm is applied in a setting that is simple enough to write out in detail, second they demonstrate the convergence of the algorithm in a setting where the actual solution can be derived analytically.

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Successive Galerkin Approximation Of A Nonlinear Optimal Attitude Control, Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard, Johnathan Lawton Jun 1999

Successive Galerkin Approximation Of A Nonlinear Optimal Attitude Control, Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard, Johnathan Lawton

Faculty Publications

This paper presents the application of the successive Galerkin approximation (SGA) to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation to obtain solutions of the optimal attitude control problem. Galerkin's method approximates the value function by a truncated Galerkin series expansion. To do so, a truncated Galerkin basis set is formed. A sufficient number of functions must be included in this Galerkin basis set in order to guarantee that the solution will be a stabilizing control. By increasing the size of the Galerkin basis the quality of the approximation is improved at the cost of rapid growth in the computation load of the SGA. A …

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Multiscale Image Registration Using Scale Trace Correlation, Bruce B. Hansen, Bryan S. Morse Jun 1999

Multiscale Image Registration Using Scale Trace Correlation, Bruce B. Hansen, Bryan S. Morse

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a method for registering images at different magnifications (scales) by treating the problem not only as one of scaling the image coordinates but also as one inherently involving multiresolution information. While some existing methods for multiresolution registration do consider the way the resolution (scale) affects the image, they often consider the image one scale at a time, using geometric properties within that scale. Others use multiscale information, usually to produce more robust results, but only to register same-magnification images (e.g., stereo). A scale trace is the set of values that a single pixel takes on as magnification …

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Creatine Supplementation Differentially Affects Maximal Isometric Strength And Time To Fatigue In Large And Small Muscle Groups, William J. Vincent, Steven F. Loy, Richard L. Urbanski, Ben B. Yaspelkis Jun 1999

Creatine Supplementation Differentially Affects Maximal Isometric Strength And Time To Fatigue In Large And Small Muscle Groups, William J. Vincent, Steven F. Loy, Richard L. Urbanski, Ben B. Yaspelkis

Faculty Publications

Ten physically active, untrained, college-aged males (26.4 ± 5.8 years old) received creatine (CR. 5 g creatine monohydrate + 3 g dextrose) and placebo (PLA, 7 g dextrose) supplementation four times per day for 5 days in a doubleblind, randomized, balanced, crossover design. Performance was assessed during maximal and three repeated submaximal bouts of isometric knee extension and handgrip exercise. CR supplementation significantly increased (p < .05) maximal isometric strength during knee extension but not during handgrip exercise. CR supplementation increased time to fatigue during each of the three bouts of submaximal knee extension and handgrip exercise when compared to the PLA trials. These findings suggest that CR supplementation can increase maximal strength and time to fatigue during isometric exercise. However, the improvements in maximal isometric strength following CR supplementation appear to be restricted to movements performed with a large muscle mass.

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Toboggan-Based Intelligent Scissors With A Four-Parameter Edge Model, William A. Barrett, Eric N. Mortensen Jun 1999

Toboggan-Based Intelligent Scissors With A Four-Parameter Edge Model, William A. Barrett, Eric N. Mortensen

Faculty Publications

Intelligent Scissors is an interactive image segmentation tool that allows a user to select piece-wise globally optimal contour segments that correspond to a desired object boundary. We present a new and faster method of computing the optimal path by over-segmenting the image using tobogganing and then imposing a weighted planar graph on top of the resulting region boundaries. The resulting region-based graph is many times smaller than the previous pixel-based graph, thus providing faster graph searches and immediate user interaction. Further, tobogganing provides an new systematic and predictable framework for computing edge model parameters, allowing subpixel localization as well as …

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Can Shame, Guilt, Or Stigma Be Taught? Why Credit-Focused Debtor Education May Not Work, A. Mechele Dickerson Jun 1999

Can Shame, Guilt, Or Stigma Be Taught? Why Credit-Focused Debtor Education May Not Work, A. Mechele Dickerson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Dynamics Of Formation Of Soliton Conductivity In A 2 D-Array Of Linear Chains Containing Commensurate Charge Density Waves Near The Contact With A Normal Metal, Yuriy V. Pershin Dr, Alexander S. Rozhavsky Jun 1999

Dynamics Of Formation Of Soliton Conductivity In A 2 D-Array Of Linear Chains Containing Commensurate Charge Density Waves Near The Contact With A Normal Metal, Yuriy V. Pershin Dr, Alexander S. Rozhavsky

Faculty Publications

We make a numerical study of the conversion of conduction electrons into charge density wave (CDW) topological solitons at the interface between a normal metal and a 2D-array of the CDW-carrying linear chains. The interplay of commensurability potential, interchain interaction, and electric field on the dynamics of soliton formation is studied. When the interchain interaction exceeds the commensurability energy, the dynamic mechanism of creation of fractionally charged solitons near the contact is suppressed and specific contact nonlinearity in transport current is not observed.

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Model Predictive Satisficing Fuzzy Logic Control, Richard L. Frost, Michael A. Goodrich, Wynn C. Stirling Jun 1999

Model Predictive Satisficing Fuzzy Logic Control, Richard L. Frost, Michael A. Goodrich, Wynn C. Stirling

Faculty Publications

Model-predictive control, which is an alternative to conventional optimal control, provides controller solutions to many constrained and nonlinear control problems. However, even when a good model is available, it may be necessary for an expert to specify the relationship between local model predictions and global system performance. We present a satisficing fuzzy logic controller that is based on a receding control horizon, but which employs a fuzzy description of system consequences via model predictions. This controller considers the gains and losses associated with each control action, is compatible with robust design objectives, and permits flexible defuzzifier design. We demonstrate the …

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