Digital Commons Network^™

A Bayesian Operationalization Of The Resource-Based View, Mark H. Hansen, Lee T. Perry, C. Shane Reese

Faculty Publications

This paper argues that the gap between the theoretical utility and the practical utility of the resource-based view (RBV) may be narrowed by operationalizing the theory more consistently with Penrose's original framework. The operationalization proposed here is a twofold approach. First, the RBV may be enhanced by the explicit recognition of Penrose's two classes of resources, namely, administrative resources and productive resources. This distinction suggests a focus on the administrative decisions of managers that lead to economic performance. Second, we argue that the RBV is a theory about extraordinary performers or outliers—not averages. Therefore, the statistical methods used in applying …

Overcoming Stickiness: An Empirical Investigation Of The Role Of The Template In The Replication Of Organizational Routines, Gabriel Szulanski, Robert J. Jensen

Faculty Publications

Knowledge assets are fundamental sources of competitive advantage. Accordingly, the prosperity of firms is increasingly predicated on their ability to mobilize those assets so that they can be properly exploited. Yet, valuable knowledge assets are often complex, intangible, and tacit organizational attributes embedded in organizational routines and are hard to mobilize. Thus, the reality of knowledge transfer rarely lives up to expectations. A central tenet in viewing transfers of knowledge as the replication of organizational routines is the importance of the template. We hypothesize that a template, i.e. a working example, is essential in replicating knowledge assets effectively. In this …

Fathering In A Beijing, Chinese Sample: Associations With Boys' And Girls' Negative Emotionality And Aggression, Chongming Yang, Craig H. Hart, David A. Nelson, Christin L. Porter, Susanne F. Olsen, Clyde C. Robinson, Shenhua Jin

Faculty Publications

Whether specific patterns of parenting are similarly associated with child outcomes in diverse cultural contexts has been a topic of inquiry for the past several decades. Most recently, attention has focused on Asian parenting and the indigenous meanings of parental control among specific Asian groups as contrasted with Western cultures (Chao & Tseng, 2002). Recent debates in this literature center on whether coercive parenting has similar meanings for mainland Chinese and North American children and their parents (e.g., Grusec, 2002; Lau & Yeung, 1996). To further address the question of whether there is a universal nature to parenting and its …

Reevaluating Course Completion In Distance Education—Avoiding The Comparison Between Apples And Oranges, Scott L. Howell, R. Dwight Laws, Nathan K. Lindsay

Faculty Publications

Critics of distance education frequently assert that completion rates are lower in distance education courses than in traditional courses. Such criticism comes despite sparse and inconclusive research on completion rates for distance and traditional education courses. This article reviews some of the existing research and then describes some of the caveats and complexities in comparing completion rates in traditional and distance education. Analysis reveals that numerous factors make comparison between these two formats difficult, if not impossible. Problems include limitations in the research design itself, differences in student demographics, and inconsistent methods of calculating and reporting completion. After exploring these …

Ten Efficient Research Strategies For Distance Learning, Thomas C. Wright, Scott L. Howell

Faculty Publications

Today's distance education administrator, frequently with an expertise in another academic discipline, is also supposed to be a distance education scholar. This expectation results from the recent interest in distance learning that nearly all institutions of learning and disciplines of study have shown. More research, studies, journals, and essays about distance education also exist than at any other time.

A distance education administrator and an education research librarian at Brigham Young University have teamed up to identify ten pragmatic research strategies to help new, busy, and even a few experienced distance education administrators stay current in their field and successful …

Negotiating Bankruptcy Legislation Through The News Media, Melissa B. Jacoby

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Empty Promise Of Compassionate Conservatism: A Reply To Judge Wilkinson, William P. Marshall

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Intention In The Law Of Property: The Law Of Unintended Consequences, John V. Orth

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Generalizing Disability, Michael Ashley Stein

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

"Secret Combinations": A Legal Analysis, Nathan B. Oman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Book Review Of Gender On Trial: Sexual Stereotypes And Work/Life Balance In The Legal Workplace, Nicole Buonocore Porter

Faculty Publications

Holly English's book, Gender on Trial: Sexual Stereotypes and Work/Life Balance in the Legal Workplace, offers a very interesting, albeit mostly anecdotal, look at the many real or perceived sexual stereotypes in the legal workplace. Her book is the result of interviews with 180 lawyers (fifty of them men) over a two-year period in all regions of the country. Her main purpose of the book was to "explore the fact that persistent gender stereotypes present a continuing obstacle that obstructs the availability of broad opinions and choices for men and women lawyers." Through eight substantive chapters, she seeks to explore …

Same Struggle, Different Difference: Ada Accommodations As Antidiscrimination, Michael Ashley Stein

Faculty Publications

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was heralded as an "emancipation proclamation" for people with disabilities, one that would achieve their equality primarily through its reasonable accommodation requirements. Nevertheless, both legal commentators and Supreme Court Justices assert that the ADA's employment mandates distinguish the ADA from earlier antidiscrimination measures, most notably Title VII, because providing accommodations results in something more than equality for the disabled. The Article challenges this prevalent belief by arguing that ADA-mandated accommodations are consistent with other antidiscrimination measures in that each remedies exclusion from employment opportunity by questioning the inherency of established workplace norms, and by …

School Accountability And ‘High Stakes’ Testing, James G. Dwyer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Only A Rite, David Lee Miller

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Self-Aligned Mechanical Attachment Of Carbon Nanotubes To Silicon Dioxide Structures By Selective Silicon Dioxide Chemical-Vapor Deposition, Jed D. Whittaker, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Matthew A. Linford, Robert C. Davis, Markus Brink

Faculty Publications

A self-aligned thin-film deposition technique was developed to mechanically attach carbon nanotubes to surfaces for the fabrication of structurally robust nanotube-based nanomechanical devices. Single-walled carbon nanotubes were grown by thermal chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) across 150-nm-wide SiO2 trenches. The nanotubes were mechanically attached to the trench tops by selective silicon tetraacetate-based SiO2 CVD. No film was deposited on the nanotubes where they were suspended across the trenches.

Analysis Of End-Of-Life Content In Critical Care Nursing Textbooks, Karin T. Kirchhoff, Renea L. Beckstrand, Prashanth Reddy Anumandla

Faculty Publications

Nurses have identified a need for improving their knowledge and skills in providing end-of-life care. Critical care nursing textbooks can serve as an important source of information on end-of-life care for critical care nurses. Hence, an analysis of end-of-life content in 14 critical care nursing textbooks was conducted. Critical care nursing textbooks used for review were published in 1995 or later and identified from the libraries at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Brigham Young University. The end-of-life content areas identified by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), under which the AACN end-of-life competencies for undergraduate nursing students can …

Accumulation Of Electron Spin Polarization At Semiconductor Interfaces, Yuriy V. Pershin Dr

Faculty Publications

In this Brief Report we study theoretically the propagation of electron spin polarization through an interface separating two n-type semiconductor regions within the two-component drift-diffusion model in an applied electric field. It is assumed that inhomogeneous spin polarization is created locally by a continuous source of spin polarization and is driven through the boundary by the electric field. The spin polarization distribution is calculated analytically. We find that for specific values of parameters describing the system, the electron spin polarization is accumulated near the interface. A simple analytical expression for the amplitude of spin accumulation as a function of the …

A Study Of The Suitability Of Irobex For High-Speed Exchange Of Large Data Objects, Casey T. Deccio, Joseph Ekstrom, Charles D. Knutson, D. Ryan Partridge, Kevin B. Tew

Faculty Publications

This paper demonstrates that careful tuning of the OBEX and IrLAP negotiated parameters allows OBEX to scale well for use with large data objects and high transmission rates. Due to the substantial time overhead inherent in link turnarounds, minimizing turnarounds during the transmission of a large object helps to maximimize link efficiency. The IrLAP window size and OBEX packet size significantly impact the number of required turnarounds during the transmission of a large object. When these parameters are properly tuned, maximum throughput can be achieved, and OBEX performs efficiently at high data rates.

A Workforce Divided: Community, Labor, And The State In Saint-Nazaire's Shipbuilding Industry, 1880-1910, By Leslie A. Schuster, Michael S. Smith

Faculty Publications

A review of A Workforce Divided: Community, Labor, and the State in Saint-Nazaire's Shipbuilding Industry, 1880-1910, by Leslie A. Schuster

Parallel Microgenetic Algorithm Design For Photonic Crystal And Waveguide Structures, J. Cai, L. Li, Gregory P. Nordin, J. Jiang

Faculty Publications

We have developed a powerful parallel genetic algorithm design tool for photonic crystal and waveguide structures. The tool employs a small-population-size genetic algorithm (microgenetic algorithm) for global optimization and a two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method to rigorously design and optimize the performance of photonic devices. We discuss the implementation and performance of this design tool. We demonstrate its application to two photonic devices, a defect taper coupler to connect conventional waveguides and photonic crystal waveguides, and a sharp 90˚ waveguide bend for low index contrast waveguides.

Ultracompact High-Efficiency Polarizing Beam Splitter With A Hybrid Photonic Crystal And Conventional Waveguide Structure, J. Cai, S. Kim, Gregory P. Nordin, J. Jiang

Faculty Publications

We propose an ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter that operates over a wide wavelength range and is based on a hybrid photonic crystal and a conventional waveguide structure. Within a small area (15 mm 3 10 mm), this polarizing beam splitter separates TM- and TE-polarized modes into orthogonal output waveguides. Results of simulations with the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method show that 99.3% of TM-polarized light is def lected by the photonic crystal structure (with a 28.0-dB extinction ratio), whereas 99.0% of TE-polarized light propagates through the structure (with a 32.2-dB extinction ratio). Wave vector diagrams are employed to explain the …

Multiple Uav Cooperative Search Under Collision Avoidance And Limited Range Communication Constraints, Randal W. Beard, Timothy W. Mclain

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the problem of cooperatively searching, using a team of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), an area of interest that contains regions of opportunity and regions of potential hazard. The objective of the UAV team is to visit as many opportunities as possible, while avoiding as many hazards as possible. To enable cooperation, the UAVs are constrained to stay within communication range of one another. Collision avoidance is also required. Algorithms for team-optimal and individually-optimal/team-suboptimal solutions are developed and their computational complexity compared. Simulation results demonstrating the feasibility of the cooperative search algorithms are presented.

Dynamic Modeling Of Compliant Constant-Force Compression Mechanisms, Cameron Boyle, Larry L. Howell, Spencer P. Magleby, Mark S. Evans

Faculty Publications

A mathematical dynamic model is derived for compliant, constant-force compression-mechanisms, based on the pseudo-rigid-body model simplification of the device. The compliant constant-force compression mechanism (CFCM) is a slider mechanism incorporating large-deflection beams, which outputs near-constant-force across the range of its designed deflection. The equation of motion is successfully calibrated with empirical data from five separate mechanisms, comprising two basic configurations of CFCMs. The dynamic equation is derived from a generalized pseudo-rigid-body model. This allows every configuration to be represented by the same model, so a separate treatment is not required for each configuration. An unexpected dynamic trait of the constant-force …

A New Approach To Modeling Vertical Stiffness In Heel-Toe Distance Runners, Iain Hunter

Faculty Publications

Various models have been used to describe distance running technique. Among these, the mass-spring model is fairly simple to use and apply, but when employed as a model, does not predict vertical force accurately especially when a heel strike is exhibited. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how the mass-spring model can be modified to provide a simple, yet accurate prediction of ground reaction forces in distance running. Sixteen subjects ran on a force instrumented treadmill. Vertical forces during running at a self-selected pace were collected at 500 Hz. Vertical stiffness was calculated using the conventional mass-spring model …

The Distribution Of Internal Interfaces In Polycrystals, Brent L. Adams, Bassem S. El-Dasher, Gregory S. Rohrer, Anthony D. Rollett, David M. Saylor, Paul Wynblatt

Faculty Publications

This work was supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation under Award Number DMR-0079996. Recent advances both in experimental instrumentation and computing power have made it possible to interrogate the distribution of internal interfaces in polycrystals and the three dimensional structure of the grain boundary network with an unprecedented level of detail. The purpose of this paper is to review techniques that can be used to study the mesoscopic crystallographic structure of grain boundary networks and to summarize current findings. Recent studies have shown that grain surfaces within dense polycrystals favor the same low energy planes that …

Understanding Why Adult Participants At The World Senior Games Choose A Healthy Diet, Ray M. Merrill, Eric C. Shields

Faculty Publications

Identifying those seniors most likely to adopt a healthy diet, the relative importance they place on certain perceived benefits associated with a healthy diet, and whether these perceived benefits are associated with selected demographic, lifestyle, and health history variables is important for directing effective dietary health promotion programs. Methods: Analyses are based on a cross-sectional convenience sample of 670 seniors aged 50 years and older at the 2002 World Senior Games in St. George, Utah. Data are assessed using frequencies, bivariate analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Fruit and vegetable consumption was significantly higher in individuals …

An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child Welfare Practices And Ethnic/Racial Disproportionality In The Child Welfare System, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Julian Chow, Alfred Perez, Lonnie Snowden

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Long Coherence Times At 300 K For Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Spins In Diamond Grown By Chemical Vapor Deposition, John S. Colton, T. A. Kennedy, J. E. Butler, R. C. Linares, P.J. Doering

Faculty Publications

Electron-spin-echo experiments reveal phase-memory times as long as 58 μs at 300 K for nitrogen-vacancy centers in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) single crystals. The spins were optically polarized and optically detected. Two high-quality CVD samples were studied. From the current results, it is not clear whether these phase-memory times represent a fundamental limit or are limited by an external source of decoherence.

Planning For The Future Of The Book: Some Longer-Term Financial Considerations In The Managemnent Of Book Stock, Patrick G. Scott

Faculty Publications

Contrasts library costs for short-term access to digital collections for a delimited group of library users with the traditional free access and loan of now-ageing and irreplaceable print collections, suggests that future access to major research collections of printed material may well be fee-based, and argues that libraries need to plan for the future of their book stock with the same imagination and financial realism that has been given to digital resources. Presented in Plenary Session 1: the Future of the Book, at the Charleston Conference on Issues in Book & Serial Acquisition, Nov. 6, 2003, and subsequently published in …

Double-Scaled Potential Profile In A Group-Iii Nitride Alloy Revealed By Monte Carlo Simulation Of Exciton Hopping, K. Kazlauskas, G. Tamulaitis, A. Zukauskas, M. A. Khan, J. W. Yang, J. Zhang, Grigory Simin, M. S. Shur, R. Gaska

Faculty Publications

The temperature dependences of the peak position and width of the photoluminescence band in Al_0.1In_0.01Ga_0.89N layers were explained by Monte Carlo simulation of exciton localization and hopping. The introduction of a doubled-scaled potential profile due to inhomogeneous distribution of indium allowed obtaining a good quantitative fit of the experimental data. Hopping of excitons was assumed to occur through localized states distributed on a 16 meV energy scale within the In-rich clusters with the average energy in these clusters dispersed on a larger (42 meV) scale.