Digital Commons Network^™

Compensating Regulatory Losers, Todd S. Aagaard

Faculty Publications

Every change in government regulation creates benefits and burdens that fall unequally on the population. This unequal distribution raises the question of whether fairness requires compensating those who bear regulatory costs—what is known as the “compensation problem.” The extensive body of scholarship addressing the compensation problem tends to focus only on the burdens of regulatory compliance and ignores the burdens of injuries left unaddressed by regulation. The effect of this differential treatment is to treat past regulatory windfalls as permanent entitlements and to omit from the analysis equally deserving regulatory losers who have suffered the consequences of unregulated harms. This …

Deportations And Latino Segregation: The Residential Impacts Of Interior Immigration Enforcement, Matthew Hall, Jacob S. Rugh, Hao Liang

Faculty Publications

The shift of immigration enforcement to local jurisdictions has intensified localized patterns of anti-immigrant sentiment, enabling the system of mass deportation to expand at an unprecedented scale. This study examines the effects of 287 (g) agreements, which empower local law enforcement to enforce immigration laws, on Latino residential segregation. Using a quasi-experimental design that compares counties implementing 287 (g) with those that applied but did not implement, we find that these policies significantly slowed declines in Hispanic-white segregation, particularly in early-adopting Southern counties where enforcement was most aggressive. We find no evidence that the program altered patterns of segregation for …

Enhancing Self-Efficacy For Engagement With Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Initiatives: Evaluation Of A Seven-Day Immersive Pilot Program In A College Of Education, Health, And Human Sciences, Jennifer M. Jabson Tree, Stefanie Benjamin, Dorian L. Mccoy Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Colleges of health, human sciences, and education are often administratively organized to include a diverse array of human sciences departments that share roots in social justice and a commitment to advancing equity and inclusion. Despite espoused commitments to equity and inclusion, they frequently struggle to achieve the changes necessary for advancing equity, and inclusion principles across policies, practices, procedures, and units. We implemented and evaluated a 7-day, total immersion, 56-h, educational program entitled the “Social Justice Institute” (SJI) for two cohorts of faculty, staff, and administrators to develop self-efficacy to intervene in systemic oppression in their academic units. SJI delivered …

“I Think Even In Challenging Times We Can Still Be Uplifting”: Indigenous Women’S Experiences Of Resilience To The Covid-19 Pandemic In Alaska, Marya Rozanova-Smith, Charlene Apok, Andrey N. Petrov

Faculty Publications

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Alaska communities faced an extremely challenging situation given their socioeconomic, cultural, and demographic characteristics, as well as issues related to remoteness and colonial legacy. This paper seeks to advance the understanding of the gendered impacts and implications of crises like the COVID-19 pandemic on Indigenous women in Alaskan urban and rural communities through a resilience lens. The paper addresses two primary research questions: (1) What are the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indigenous women in urban and rural Alaska, and specifically what are the gendered implications in the personal, sociocultural, and economic domains? (2) What …

Global Ionospheric F Region Parameters From Gnss-Pod Limb Measurements: Evaluations And Comparisons With Two Empirical Models - Iri-2020 And Nequick-2, Nimalan Swarnalingam, Dong L. Wu, Dieter Bilitza, Daniel J. Emmons, Cornelius Csar Jude H. Salinas, Artem Smirnov, Yenca Migoya-Oru

Faculty Publications

An optimal estimation (OE) technique has recently been developed for F region electron density (Ne) using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) limb sounding on low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites (COSMIC-2, Spire, and FengYun-3). This method provides unprecedented spatiotemporal sampling for global monthly Ne climatology within 100–500 km in 2 hr intervals. The global dataset, collected during mid to moderately high solar activity, is compared with leading models: IRI-2020 and NeQuick-2. Diurnal variations in summer, winter, and equinoctial months are examined for the F2-layer peak, as well as the topside and bottomside of the F region. The observed and modeled NmF2 …

Small-Scale Production Of Bespoke Accelerated Aging Plutonium Alloy, K. S. Holliday, A. M. Parkes, Devin Rappleye, D. J. Roberts, K. J. Kondrat, S. A. Simpson, A. J. Swift, U. Mehta, R. M. Kissinger, D. L. Rosas, L. S. Ripplinger, E. R. Tardiff, S. L. Harris, S. Perkins, C. Hawkins, N. J. Gibbs, R. J. P. Driscoll, A. T. Sidambe, R. A. Cole, T. T. Roehling, J R. Jeffries

Faculty Publications

This study demonstrates the 100 g scale manufacture of a plutonium alloy that ages at an accelerated rate. The resulting alloy ages six times faster than typical weapons-grade plutonium due to the addition of ²³⁸Pu. As a major innovation, the process involved using a partial direct oxide reduction technique. This method was achieved by developing a new, complex geometry stirrer using additive manufacturing to reduce the ²³⁸Pu oxide and efficiently incorporate it into weapons-grade plutonium metal. The material was then purified by molten salt extraction and electrorefining before being alloyed with gallium. The alloy was then cold-rolled and …

Scalable Cyber-Physical Testbed For Cybersecurity Evaluation Of Synchrophasors In Power Systems, Shuvangkar Chandra Das, Tuyen Vu, Hebert L. Ginn Iii

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a synchrophasor-based real-time cyber-physical power system testbed with a novel security evaluation tool, pySynphasor, that can emulate different real attack scenarios on the phasor measurement unit (PMU). The testbed focuses on real-time cyber-security emulation using different components, including a real-time digital simulator, virtual machines (VM), a communication network emulator, and a packet manipulation tool. The script-based VM deployment and software-defined network emulation facilitate a highly scalable cyber-physical testbed, which enables emulations of a real power system under different attack scenarios such as address resolution protocol (ARP) poisoning attack, man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, false data injection attack (FDIA), and …

Promoting Social Inclusion Through Sport: A Case Study Of Uyghur Youth In China, Hongxin Li, Yunchao Bai, John Nauright

Faculty Publications

This study examines the role of sports as a means of promoting social inclusion among Uyghur youth in China, drawing upon social inclusion theory. Utilizing a qualitative case study methodology, we explored the perspectives of Uyghur youth athletes to gain insight into the challenges they face in achieving social inclusion without feeling “othered” or excluded. Data analysis followed an inductive grounded theory approach, identifying first‐order concepts, second‐order themes, and aggregate theoretical dimensions. Our findings reveal that social inclusion of Uyghur youth through sports participation is influenced by multiple factors, including language barriers, stereotypes, cultural differences, high expectations, and government policies. …

Crashing The Party: How Textualism And Legislative History Can Work Together, John Cannan

Faculty Publications

Textualists must moderate their distaste for legislative history and acknowledge the role of congressional sources in statutory interpretation—even those they themselves approve of. Doing so would enhance their statutory analyses. Decisions arising from 2016 litigation by hospitals against the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, culminating in Azar v. Allina Health Servs., 139 S. Ct. 1804, 204 L. Ed. 2d 139 (2019), demonstrate how textualist inflexibility can undermine their own principles. For example, notable advocates of that interpretive school—then-Judge Brett Kavanaugh and Justice Neil Gorsuch—overlooked statutory text, which they so highly prize, in reaching their determinations. Textualists often describe …

Ligo Detector Characterization In The First Half Of The Fourth Observing Run, S. Soni, B. K. Berger, D. Davis, F. Di Renzo, A. Effler, T. A. Ferreira, J. Glanzer, E. Goetz, G. González, A. Helmling-Cornell, B. Hughey, R. Huxford, B. Mannix, G. Mo, D. Nandi, A. Neunzert, S. Nichols, K. Pham, A. I. Renzini, R. M.S. Schofield, A. Stuver, M. Trevor, S. Álvarez-López, R. Beda, C. P.L. Berry, S. Bhuiyan, L. Blagg, R. Bruntz, S. Callos, M. Chan, P. Charlton, N. Christensen, G. Connolly

Faculty Publications

Progress in gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy depends upon having sensitive detectors with good data quality. Since the end of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory-Virgo-KAGRA third Observing run in March 2020, detector-characterization efforts have lead to increased sensitivity of the detectors, swifter validation of GW candidates and improved tools used for data-quality products. In this article, we discuss these efforts in detail and their impact on our ability to detect and study GWs. These include the multiple instrumental investigations that led to reduction in transient noise, along with the work to improve software tools used to examine the detectors data-quality. We end …

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Aducanumab Versus Placebo For Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment And Mild Alzheimer’S Disease, Xiaomo Xiong, Gang Lv, Jacob Jordan King, Minghui Li, Jing Yuan, Z Kevin Lu

Faculty Publications

Objectives To assess the cost-effectiveness of aducanumab at its updated price for treating patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Design Cost-effectiveness analysis.

Settings A five-state Markov model was constructed using 10 000 virtual patients to assess the cost-effectiveness of aducanumab from the perspective of the US healthcare system. The model employed a one-year cycle time and a lifetime time horizon. Transition probabilities and mortality rates were derived from a literature review. To address uncertainty and generalise the base case results, both one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Participants 10 000 virtual patients with MCI …

Feature Typology And L2 Proficiency Matter: L3 Acquisition Of Portuguese, Mila Tasseva-Kurktchieva, Danielle Fahey

Faculty Publications

To determine the source of transfer in third language acquisition (L3A), we tested the effects of grammatical feature typology and L2 Spanish proficiency on the comprehension and production of grammatical [gender] and [number] in the early stages of L3A of Portuguese. We distinguish between the two features based on their participation in the lexical-conceptual structure of the lemma and its interaction with the morpho-syntactic derivation. L1 English speakers were tested on their knowledge of the features in both their L2 and their L3 through a grammaticality judgment task and an elicited production task. Results show that L3 learners transfer only …

Ai-Based Detection Of Optical Microscopic Images Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Planktonic And Biofilm States, Bidisha Roy Sengupta, Esther Mallet, Angel Torres, Ravyn Solis

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Two-Layer Formulation For Long-Runout Turbidity Currents: Theory And Bypass Flow Case, Hongbo Ma, Gary Parker, Matthieu Cartigny, Enrica Viparelli, S. Balachandar, Xudong Fu, Rossella Luchi

Faculty Publications

Turbidity currents, which are stratified, sediment-laden bottom flows in the ocean or lakes, can run out for hundreds or thousands of kilometres in submarine channels without losing their stratified structure. Here, we derive a layer-averaged, two-layer model for turbidity currents, specifically designed to capture long-runout. A number of previous models have captured runout of only tens of kilometres, beyond which thickening of the flows becomes excessive, and the models without a lateral overspill mechanism fail. In our framework, a lower layer containing nearly all the sediment is a faster, gravity-driven flow that propels an upper layer, where sediment concentration is …

A Brave New World Of Human Resources Research: Navigating Perils And Identifying Grand Challenges Of The Genai Revolution, Anthony Nyberg, Deidra J. Schleicher, Bradford S. Bell, Corine Boon, Peter Cappelli, David G. Collings, Joseph E. Dalle Molle, Stefan Feuerriegel, Berry Gerhart, Yoojin Jeong, M. Audrey Korsgaard, Dana Minbaeva, Robert E. Ployhart, Prasanna Tambe, Ingo Weller, Patrick M. Wright, Valery Yakubovich

Faculty Publications

This paper reviews the transformative role of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in Human Resource (HR) management, from a practice perspective, highlighting both opportunities and challenges and laying out a use-inspired future research agenda. This scoping review is grounded in insights from a unique Summit held in Spring 2024, which brought together HR academic scholars with dozens of Fortune 500 Chief Human Resource Officers (CHROs) and their top technical leaders to discuss the workforce implications of GenAI. The paper identifies six key themes from the Summit practitioners: GenAI as disruptive and transformative, data as competitive advantage, adoption challenges, potential ethical abuses, …

Examining Physiological Responses To Misophonic Triggers, Christian O'Reilly, Xuan Yang, Sewon Oh, Doug Wedell, Svetlana Shinkareva

Faculty Publications

We collected and analyzed an array of biosignals (face electromyogram, skin electrodermal activity, peripheral temperature, and electrocardiogram) in 60 participants with and without misophonia, a condition characterized by decreased tolerance to innocuous sounds. Our goal was to objectively characterize the physiological response to misophonia triggering sounds. We found that misophonic responses can be objectively identified in some cases through atypical physiological reactions to triggering stimuli, though not all participants exhibited this response. Our analyses suggest a large interindividual variability in response to misophonic triggers and highlights the need for methodological adjustments in future experiments to increase the detectability of misophonic …

Removing Eog Artifacts From Eeg Recordings Using Deep Learning, Christian O'Reilly, Scott Huberty

Faculty Publications

The electroencephalogram (EEG) directly measures the electrical activity generated by the brain. Unfortunately, it is often contaminated by various artifacts, notably those caused by eye movements and blinks (EOG artifacts). Such artifacts are usually removed using an independent component analysis (ICA) or other blind source separation techniques. However, it is difficult to assess whether subtracting EOG components estimated through ICA removes some neurogenic activity. It is crucial to address this question to avoid biasing EEG analyses. Toward that objective, we developed a deep learning model for EOG artifact removal that exploits information about eye movements available through eye-tracking (ET). Using …

Deep Jansen-Rit Parameter Inference For Model-Driven Analysis Of Brain Activity, Deepa Tilwani, Christian O'Reilly

Faculty Publications

Accurately modeling effective connectivity (EC) is critical for understanding how the brain processes and integrates sensory information. Yet, it remains a formidable challenge due to complex neural dynamics and noisy measurements such as those obtained from the electroencephalogram (EEG). Model-driven EC infers local (within a brain region) and global (between brain regions) EC parameters by fitting a generative model of neural activity onto experimental data. This approach offers a promising route for various applications, including investigating neurodevel- opmental disorders. However, current approaches fail to scale to whole-brain analyses and are highly noise-sensitive. In this work, we employ three deep-learning architectures—a …

“They Are Fat And Want Special Treatment For Being Fat”: Backlash To And Lay Theories Of Fat Activism, Flora Blanchette-Oswald, Minh Duc Pham, R. J. Harr, Alexandra Garr-Schultz, Kimberly E. Chaney

Faculty Publications

Fat activism is a movement that seeks to acknowledge and eliminate the oppression of fat people. The movement and those who participate face significant backlash, yet fat activism is understudied. We sought to understand lay theories about fat activism; that is, how everyday people think about the goals and motivations of fat activism, and people who engage in fat activism, to understand how these perceptions shape support for and backlash toward fat activism. In Study 1 (N = 294), we qualitatively elucidated lay theories of fat activism in a US nationally representative sample. We identified lay theories that both …

Impact Of Exercise Video-Guided Bodyweight Interval Training On Psychophysiological Outcomes In Inactive Adults With Obesity, Gabriella F. Bellissimo, Alyssa Bailly, Kelsey Bourbeau, Christine Mermier, Anthony Campitelli, Quint Berkemeier, Jonathan Specht, Jessica Smith, Jeremy Ducharme, Matthew J. Stork, Jonathan P. Little, Len Kravitz

Faculty Publications

Purpose: Determine the impact of a 6-week YouTube-instructed bodyweight interval training (BW-IT) program on cardiometabolic health, muscular strength, and factors related to exercise adherence in adults with obesity. Methods: Fourteen adults (30.7 ± 10.3 yrs, BMI 35.5 ± 5.4 kg/m²) participated in this study. The BW-IT program progressed bi-weekly from a 1:3 to 1:1 work-to-rest ratio, using maximum effort intervals of high knees, squat jumps, scissor jacks, jumping lunges, and burpees. Pre- and post-intervention measures included peak oxygen consumption ( (Formula presented.) O2peak), relative quadriceps isometric muscular strength, waist circumference (WC), body composition via bioelectrical impedance, and cardiometabolic …

A Skill Assessment Framework For The Fisheries And Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project, Nina Rynne, Camilla Novaglio, Julia Blanchard, Daniele Bianchi, Villy Christensen, Marta Coll, Jerome Guiet, Jeroen Steenbeek, Andrea Bryndum-Buchholz, Tyler D. Eddy, Cheryl Harrison, Olivier Maury, Kelly Ortega-Cisneros, Colleen M. Petrik, Derek P. Tittensor, Ryan F. Heneghan

Faculty Publications

Understanding climate change impacts on global marine ecosystems and fisheries requires complex marine ecosystem models, forced by global climate projections, that can robustly detect and project changes. The Fisheries and Marine Ecosystems Model Intercomparison Project (FishMIP) uses an ensemble modeling approach to fill this crucial gap. Yet FishMIP does not have a standardised skill assessment framework to quantify the ability of member models to reproduce past observations and to guide model improvement. In this study, we apply a comprehensive model skill assessment framework to a subset of global FishMIP models that produce historical fisheries catches. We consider a suite of …

Government-Backed Insurance For Artificial Intelligence Technologies, Renee Henson

Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an unpredictable technology that has the capacity to both help and harm people. Although insurance plays a key role in compensating for harms in other contexts, AI-produced damages evade traditional principles of risk pricing which limits viable commercial insurance coverage. AI requires modified insurance systems that can compensate diverse and unpredictable losses. Just like AI, at one time nuclear energy was viewed as a new and profitable, yet wholly unpredictable, technology that had the capacity to cause devastating harm. AI poses similar threats to society in certain domains, including, for example, health care (e.g., risk management …

Technology And Me And You: Getting Comfortable With Ai, John Lande

Faculty Publications

This short essay reflects on the author’s surprising dive into artificial intelligence (AI) despite his longstanding caution about adopting new technology. As a self-described tech-wary curmudgeon who avoids unnecessary upgrades and stays off social media, the author explores how AI – specifically, a custom-built RPS (Real Practice Systems) Negotiation and Mediation Coach – nonetheless has proved to be unexpectedly valuable.

Drawing from personal experience, the essay suggests how people can become comfortable using AI, suggesting how they can overcome hesitation and use AI productively. Rather than treating AI as a black box or magic solution, it emphasizes the importance of …

Correction To: Microaggressions And Cannabis-Related Problems Among Black Adults: The Roles Of Negative Affect And Cannabis Use Motives (Cognitive Therapy And Research, (2023), 10.1007/S10608-023-10375-8), Julia D. Buckner, Michael J. Zvolensky, Caroline R. Scherzer

Faculty Publications

The original publication includes description of the study’s method from an earlier draft that did not include changes requested by the journal Editor to reduce overlap with other publications using this sample. The correct revised Method section is presented here. Participants were recruited for a larger study of race-based microaggressions and substance use (Buckner, Morris, et al., 2023; Buckner, Threeton, et al., 2023; Buckner et al., in press). In Fall 2021, 65.9% of the undergraduates at this large, predominantly White institution in the Southeast identified as White, with 15.6% identifying as African American/Black. For the current study, inclusion criteria were: …

Author Correction: Climate-Driven Connectivity Loss Impedes Species Adaptation To Warming In The Deep Ocean (Nature Climate Change, (2025), 15, 3, (315-320), 10.1038/S41558-025-02256-7), Yuxuan Lin, Yuxin Chen, Xin Liu, Xin Lin, Edward A. Laws, Yuntao Zhou, Zhiyuan Xiang, Xinyi Zhang, Zhixue Chen, Yi Li, Yonglong Lu

Faculty Publications

Correction to: Nature Climate Changehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-025-02256-7, published online 4 March 2025. In the version of this article initially published, four authors, including Yi Li, were listed as corresponding authors. Yi Li is the sole corresponding author, as in now amended in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.

Do Analysts’ Gross Margin Forecasts Influence Manager's Decisions To Recognize Inventory Losses?, Nusrat Jahan, Padmakumar Sivadasan

Faculty Publications

Accounting standards require firms to write down their inventory when its market value (or net realizable value) drops below cost. Recognizing inventory write-downs decreases gross margins and increases scrutiny of managers’ inventory management practices. Further, it is difficult for market participants to assess inventory balances. Therefore, managers often delay recognizing inventory losses. Compared with other analysts, analysts who issue disaggregated gross margin (GM) forecasts evaluate a firm's inventories more closely, which should motivate managers to recognize expected inventory losses. Consistent with this prediction, managers’ likelihood of recognizing an expected inventory loss increases as more analysts provide GM forecasts. However, the …

Tobacco Package Health Warnings About Product Manipulations: An Experimental Study Among Australian Adults Who Smoke, Emily Brennan, Claudia Gascoyne, Kimberley Dunstone, Amanda Vittiglia, Gayathri Srinivasan, Jim Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms, Janet Hoek, Melanie Wakefield, Sarah Durkin

Faculty Publications

The tobacco industry manipulates cigarettes to provide sensory cues that mislead people who smoke. We assessed the effectiveness of health warnings (HWs) focussed on the impact of misleading product attributes, including filter ventilation, menthol, and roll-your-own tobacco, which were called Product Attribute HWs. Australian adults who smoke (n = 2544) were randomly assigned to view: control medication warnings; new Standard HWs with smoking harm images; Product Attribute HWs; or Product Attribute HWs plus a video. At baseline, participants were exposed to seven condition-specific warnings (+ video for those in the Product Attribute HWs + Video condition), then they were …

Kinetic Control And Trapping In The Supramolecular Polymerization Of M-Terphenyl Bis-Urea Macrocycles, Sophya V. Garashchuk, Gamage Isuri P. Wijesekera, Isabella G. Rushton, Vaibhavi A. Samant, Fahidat A. Gbadamosi, Dr. Md Faizul Islam, Sophya V. Garashchuk, Prof. Dr. Linda S. Shimizu

Faculty Publications

Herein, we examine pathway complexity in the supramolecular polymerization of a novel m-terphenyl bis-urea macrocycle. Designed to induce kinetically metastable states, the macrocycle‘s concentration-dependent aggregation was studied via 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy in THF and CHCl₃. Temperature-dependent UV-Vis spectroscopy in water/THF revealed a cooperative nucleation-growth mechanism, indicated by a shift in λmax to longer wavelengths upon cooling. Morphological studies using DLS, AFM, and SEM demonstrated fibrous aggregate formation. Thermal hysteresis observed in assembly-disassembly cycles indicated kinetically trapped species, with cooling governed by kinetic control and heating by thermodynamic processes. Deviations in ΔH values during cooling, compared to van′t …

The Two Men Named Perez Andrews Of Oxford County, Maine, Kathrine C. Aydelott

Faculty Publications

This article resolves a long-standing genealogical confusion between two men named Perez (or Peres) Andrews, whose overlapping names, lifespans, and locations in 19th-century Maine have led to persistent misidentification in published genealogies and family trees. Drawing on extensive primary source research—including land records, censuses, court cases, and vital records—this study reconstructs the distinct lives of Perez Andrews (b. ca. 1767) of Bakerstown, Minot, Buckfield, and Bradford, Maine; and Peres Andrews (b. 1797) of No. 2 Plantation and Sumner. The paper not only separates their identities and lineages but also probes possible familial connections among the Andrews families of western Maine. …

Comparing The Strength Of The Confidence-Accuracy Versus Response Time-Accuracy Relationship For Eyewitness Identification, Curt A. Carlson, Robert F. Lockamyeir, Maria A. Carlson, Charles A. Goodsell

Faculty Publications

Research indicates that eyewitness identification (ID) accuracy increases with faster IDs and those supported with immediate high confidence, but it is not clear which measure, confidence or response time, is the better reflector of accuracy. It is also important to know how well these patterns hold up across important factors affecting eyewitness ID accuracy such as memory strength for the perpetrator’s face. We conducted four pre-registered experiments to investigate these issues across different levels of target memory strength (via encoding time or image quality) and ID procedure (showups vs. lineups of different filler quality). Correct IDs were faster than false …