Digital Commons Network^™

Is There A Little (Or Not So Little) Constitutional Crisis Developing In Indian Law?, Frank Pommersheim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

South Dakota’S Disability Discrimination Laws: Limits And Vantages, Tom Simmons

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Trusted Autonomy, Michael N. Huhns, Duncan A. Buell

Faculty Publications

We describe how agents are the right building blocks for constructing trustworthy systems. Robust software and trusted autonomy represent the future for agent technology and software engineering.

Agents As Web Services, Michael N. Huhns

Faculty Publications

Web services are extremely flexible. Most advantageously, a developer of Web services need not know who or what will use the services being provided. The paper discusses current standards for Web services, directory services and the Semantic Web. It considers how agents extend Web services in several important ways.

The Lives Of John Marshall, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Aids Caps, Contraceptive Coverage, And The Law: An Analysis Of The Federal Anti-Discrimination Statutes’ Applicability To Health Insurance, Sharona Hoffman

Faculty Publications

Traditionally, health insurers have enjoyed the freedom to determine their own terms of coverage, to decide to what extent, if any, patients should be reimbursed for different kinds of treatment, and to establish premium prices. Health insurers typically deny coverage for speech therapy, eye glasses, hearing aids, most foot care, and treatment for infertility. Many insurance providers also exclude or severely limit coverage for mental health, dental care, AIDS, diabetes mellitus, morbid obesity, epilepsy, and alcoholism or drug abuse. Therefore, while some Americans enjoy full coverage for all their health needs, others who have insurance and suffer from serious or …

Reflecting Latino Culture In Our Classrooms: A Quick Start For Teachers., Christine Canning, Mary Salazar-Guenther, Julio Polanco-Noboa

Faculty Publications

This paper describes how the University of Northern Iowa's San Antonio Regional Student Teaching Program developed a course to provide cultural information on Hispanic Americans for its predominantly white student teachers. The course was delivered over 2 semesters; with students doing most work in five 2-hour meetings on campus. During the student teaching semester; they implemented the ideas and activities that they had created during the course. The paper presents the course syllabus; which offers a background on Hispanics and five sessions that emphasize how to reach Hispanic students; Mexican and Mexican American culture (holidays; food; art; and music); literature …

Teacher, Student, Ticket: John Frank, Leon Higginbotham, And One Afternoon At The Supreme Court--Not A Trifling Thing, John Q. Barrett

Faculty Publications

A path to greatness often begins with a special teacher, and this is such a story. In the fall of 1949, John P. Frank was a new associate professor at the Yale Law School. This story also involves a young student. In autumn 1949, A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr., was a first year law student at Yale. Higginbotham, a 21-year-old black man from Trenton, New Jersey, had attended Purdue University and, after transferring, graduated from Antioch College in 1949. Leon Higginbotham was one of three black students who entered Yale Law School in fall 1949. Higginbotham met John Frank when he …

Enron's Legislative Aftermath: Some Reflections On The Deterrence Aspects Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002, Michael A. Perino

Faculty Publications

Since Enron's implosion, an astounding string of accounting scandals have stunned the securities markets. Global Crossing, WorldCom, Adelphia, and a host of other companies have seen plummeting share prices and SEC and criminal investigations. Congress's reaction has been equally stunning and surprisingly swift. It passed with near unanimity the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "SOA" or the "Act"), and President Bush quickly signed it into law. The President billed the Act as one of the "the most far-reaching reforms of American business practices since the time of Franklin Delano Roosevelt." While the SOA is certainly lengthy, with eleven titles and …

Two Cheers For Freedom Of Contract, Mark L. Movsesian

Faculty Publications

Once, they say, freedom of contract reigned in American law. Parties could make agreements on a wide variety of subjects and choose the terms they wished. Courts would refrain from questioning the substance of bargains and would ensure only that parties had observed the proper formalities. In interpretation, objectivity was paramount. Courts would seek to ascertain, not what the parties had intended, but what a reasonable observer would understand the parties' words to mean. Contract law was a series of abstractions informed by individual autonomy and judicial deference.

This world, a classical paradise of doctrines with sharp corners, began to …

Estimation Of Diffusion Coefficient Of Lithium In Carbon Using Ac Impedance Technique, Qingzhi Guo, Venkat R. Subramanian, John W. Weidner, Ralph E. White

Faculty Publications

The validity of estimating the solid phase diffusion coefficient, D_s, of a lithium intercalation electrode from impedance measurement by a modified electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method is studied. A macroscopic porous electrode model and concentrated electrolyte theory are used to simulate the synthetic impedance data. The modified EIS method is applied for estimating D_s. The influence of parameters such as the exchange current density, radius of active material particle, solid phase conductivity, porosity, volume fraction of inert material, and thickness of the porous carbon intercalation electrode, the solution phase diffusion coefficient, and transference number, on the …

Electrochemical Filtering Of Co From Fuel-Cell Reformate, Balasubramanian Lakshmanan, Wayne Huang, John W. Weidner

Faculty Publications

A proton exchange membrane fuel cell was used as a flow reactor for continuous preferential oxidation of CO over H2 from 1.0% CO in H2 under pulse-potential control. By varying the pulse profile ~e.g., on-time, off-time, pulse potential! the CO and H2 oxidation currents were varied independently. The improvement in faradaic selectivity between CO and H2 oxidation results from the promotion of CO adsorption during the off ~i.e., open-circuit! portion of the pulse. Therefore, during the on portion CO oxidation was preferred while the surface was covered with CO.

Anodic Behavior Of Ti In Koh Solutions: Ellipsometric And Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Studies, A. Prusi, Lj. Arsov, Bala Haran, Branko N. Popov

Faculty Publications

Anodic formation of oxide films on titanium surfaces, in various concentrations of aqueous KOH solutions, have been studied using ellipsometry and micro-Raman spectroscopy. By in situ ellipsometric measurements the coefficient of film thickness growth and indexes of refraction of anodic oxide films have been determined. The voltage at which the oxide film breaks down is strongly dependent on the KOH concentration. Further, the solution concentration strongly influences the potential at which the oxide film is transformed from the amorphous state to crystalline form. Using micro-Raman spectroscopy four crystalline forms of titanium oxides, namely, anatase, brookite, corundum, and rutile, have been …

Modeling The Effects Of Electrode Composition And Pore Structure On The Performance Of Electrochemical Capacitors, Changqing Lin, Branko N. Popov, Harry J. Ploehn

Faculty Publications

This work presents a mathematical model for charge/discharge of electrochemical capacitors that explicitly accounts for particle-packing effects in a composite electrochemical capacitor consisting of hydrous RuO₂ nanoparticles dispersed within porous activated carbon. The model is also used to investigate the effect of nonuniform distributions of salt in the electrolyte phase of the electrode in the context of dilute solution theory. We use the model to compare the performance of capacitors with electrodes made from different activated carbons and to investigate the effects of varying carbon content and discharge current density. Even at low discharge current density, concentration polarization in …

Modeling The Effects Of Electrode Composition And Pore Structure On The Performance Of Electrochemical Capacitors, Changqing Lin, Branko N. Popov, Harry J. Ploehn

Faculty Publications

This work presents a mathematical model for charge/discharge of electrochemical capacitors that explicitly accounts for particle-packing effects in a composite electrochemical capacitor consisting of hydrous RuO₂ nanoparticles dispersed within porous activated carbon. The model is also used to investigate the effect of nonuniform distributions of salt in the electrolyte phase of the electrode in the context of dilute solution theory. We use the model to compare the performance of capacitors with electrodes made from different activated carbons and to investigate the effects of varying carbon content and discharge current density. Even at low discharge current density, concentration polarization in …

Crisis And Constitutionalism, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Long And Arduous Journey To Truth-In-Sentencing In Wisconsin, Thomas J. Hammer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Can A State Waive Its Immunity By Removing A Case From State To Federal Court?, Jay E. Grenig

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Contract Rights And Civil Rights, Davison M. Douglas

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Supreme Court Selection As War, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Perceived Internal Depth In Rotating And Translating Objects, M. L. Braunstein, C. W. Sauer, Cary S. Feria, G. J. Andersen

Faculty Publications

Previous research has indicated that observers use differences between velocities and ratios of velocities to judge the depth within a moving object, although depth cannot in general be determined from these quantities. In four experiments we examined the relative effects of velocity difference and velocity ratio on judged depth within a transparent object that was rotating about a vertical axis and translating horizontally, examined the effects of the velocity difference for pure rotations and pure translations, and examined the effect of the velocity difference for objects that varied in simulated internal depth. Both the velocity difference and the velocity ratio …

The Many Uses Of Digitized Oral History Collections: Implications For Design, Dagobert Soergel, Douglas W. Oard, Samuel Gustman, Lydia Fraser, Jinmook Kim, Joan Meyer, Elizabeth Proffen, Theresa Sartori

Faculty Publications

Oral history - and spoken word collections generally - are assuming increasing importance in digital libraries as the storage, transmission and reproduction infrastructure improves. This paper describes three synergistic approaches to user needs analysis, explains how they are being applied to guide the design of systems to provide access oral history collections (using a s test bed the Shoah Foundations collection of over 50,000 videotaped oral history interviews), presents preliminary results from so -called “discount requirements analysis” and an analysis of “early access” requests, and draws some design implications. The results show a wide variety of users and uses of …

The Paradox Of Auxiliary Rights: The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination And The Right To Keep And Bear Arms, Michael S. Green

Faculty Publications

According to Locke's theory of the social contract, which was widely accepted by the Founders, political authority is limited by those natural moral rights that individuals reserve against the government. In this Article, I argue that Locke's theory generates paradoxical conclusions concerning the government's authority over civil disobedients, that is, people who resist the government because they believe it is violating reserved moral rights. If the government lacks the authority to compel the civil disobedient to abide by its laws, the result is anarchism: The limits on governmental authority are whatever each individual says they are. If the government has …

Super Regulator: A Comparative Analysis Of Securities And Derivatives Regulation In The United States, The United Kingdom, And Japan, Jerry W. Markham

Faculty Publications

This article describes the development of the competing regulatory bodies for banking, insurance, securities and derivatives. It then focuses on the regulatory roles of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"). The competition between those two agencies and its effects are described. After that review, the article examines the roles of the FSA-GB and FSA-Japan. Finally, the article discusses the arguments favoring and disfavoring competitive regulation and tries to discern whether a unified regulatory structure such as that in Japan and England is preferable to the competitive approach of the SEC and CFTC. The …

A Roundtable Discussion With Stephen L. Carter & Michael J. Gerhardt, Thomas E. Baker

Faculty Publications

Transcript of a discussion regarding the United States Supreme Court, the Supreme Court justices and justice nominees, the Senate process for confirming nominees and related issues such as fitness to serve on the court and judicial activism.

Vibrato Rate Adjustment, Christopher Dromey, Neisha Carter, Arden Hopkin

Faculty Publications

Summary: The goal of the present study was to document the acoustic changes that occur as singers attempt to increase or decrease their vibrato rate to match target stimuli. Eight advanced singing students produced vowels with vibrato in three registers, both naturally and while attempting to match faster or slower rate stimuli. Slower rates were associated with lower intensity and less steady vibrato. Faster rates involved increased vibrato extent in the chest register and increased intensity in the head register. Singers whose spontaneous vibrato rates were naturally either slower or faster tended to also be relatively slower or faster when …

The Plains Commence: Lewis And Clark On The Middle Missouri, Jay H. Buckley

Faculty Publications

THE CORPS OF DISCOVERY awakened to a damp morning on July 14, 1804. Rain had fallen all night and the wetness delayed departure until 7 a.m. A half-hour later, an ominous black cloud blew in, accompanied by wind and rain that pummeled the 55-foot keelboat and two pirogues. Unable to seek safety on either shore - because of banks caving in on one side and snags lining the other - the men anchored the keelboat midstream and braced for the squall to pass.

A Metropolitan Transaction-Based Commercial Price Index: A Time-Varying Parameter Approach, Henry J. Munneke, Barrett A. Slade

Faculty Publications

This study examines the usefulness of time-varying parameter techniques for constructing reliable transaction-based commercial price indices for metropolitan areas. Time-varying parameter techniques allow the implicit prices of differing quality characteristics to vary intertemporally, overcoming the potential bias imposed by holding implicit prices fixed and simply interpreting time dummy variables as in a conventional hedonic approach. This paper empirically investigates three time-varying parameter methods (Chained, Laspeyres, and Paasche) and considers the potential for sample selection bias. Precision measures are constructed to examine the reliability of the respective indices.

Firm Transparency And The Costs Of Going Public, James S. Ang, James C. Brau

Faculty Publications

We demonstrate that firms that are more transparent pay less, in all components of issuance costs, to go public.We employ a sample of 334 previous leveraged buyouts and a characteristic-matched control sample to test the hypothesis that greater firm transparency before the issue decreases the flotation costs of the initial public offering. These flotation costs are divided into initial underpricing, underwriter discount, administrative expenses, and the overallotment option required to take the firm public. Our results provide further evidence of the asymmetric information hypothesis as it applies to initial public offerings.

An Antidote For Testosterone Poisoning: Ya Books Girls—And Boys—Should Read, Chris Crowe

Faculty Publications

Today's world is loaded with dangers and dangerous people; it's a place where kids-good and bad, naive and worldly, cautious and reckless-are at risk. The sources of these risks are sometimes masked in the mixed messages children learn from society-messages about gender roles, about behavior, about what's right and what's not.

Some of the fuzzy messages that concern me most are the ones that influence the behavior of young adult males. All teachers know that teenage boys can be some of the most obnoxious creatures on earth. I know this from personal experience as a former obnoxious boy and as …