How Much Hvac Energy Could Be Saved From The Occupant-Centric Smart Home Thermostat: A Nationwide Simulation Study, Zhihong Pang, Yan Chen, Jian Zhang, Zheng O'Neill, Hwakong Cheng, Bing Dong

Faculty Publications

Thermostat management plays a significant role in household energy conservation. This study aims to conduct a systematic and comprehensive analysis to quantify the energy savings potential of the occupant-centric smart thermostat based on a large-scale nationwide simulation infrastructure. The single-family Residential Prototype Building Model was used to represent a typical single-family detached house in the U.S. A generalized random occupancy presence schedule was created based on an occupancy probability schedule and k-means clustering algorithm. A total of 16,000 simulations, which were composed of four building foundation types, four heating source types, 40 American cities, five building energy code versions, and …

Neural Responses To Happy, Fearful And Angry Faces Of Varying Identities In 5-And 7-Month-Old Infants, Laurie Bayet, Katherine L. Perdue, Hannah F. Behrendt, John E. Richards, Alissa Westerlund, Julia K. Cataldo, Charles A. Nelson Iii

Faculty Publications

The processing of facial emotion is an important social skill that develops throughout infancy and early childhood. Here we investigate the neural underpinnings of the ability to process facial emotion across changes in facial identity in cross-sectional groups of 5- and 7-month-old infants. We simultaneously measured neural metabolic, behavioral, and autonomic responses to happy, fearful, and angry faces of different female models using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), eye-tracking, and heart rate measures. We observed significant neural activation to these facial emotions in a distributed set of frontal and temporal brain regions, and longer looking to the mouth region of angry …

Geometric Distinguishability Measures Limit Quantum Channel Estimation And Discrimination, Vishal Katariya, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

Quantum channel estimation and discrimination are fundamentally related information processing tasks of interest in quantum information science. In this paper, we analyze these tasks by employing the right logarithmic derivative Fisher information and the geometric Rényi relative entropy, respectively, and we also identify connections between these distinguishability measures. A key result of our paper is that a chain-rule property holds for the right logarithmic derivative Fisher information and the geometric Rényi relative entropy for the interval α∈ (0 , 1) of the Rényi parameter α. In channel estimation, these results imply a condition for the unattainability of Heisenberg scaling, while …

Areal Probability Of Precipitation In Moist Tropical Air Masses For The United States, Cade Reesman, Paul Miller, Rebecca D’Antonio, Kevin Gilmore, Ben Schott, Chris Bannan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Novel Adjective Processing In Preschool Children: Evidence From Event-Related Brain Potentials, Katelyn L. Gerwin, Laurence B. Leonard, Jennifer Schumaker, Patricia Deevy, Eileen Haebig, Christine Weber

Faculty Publications

Purpose: Recent findings in preschool children indicated novel adjective recall was enhanced when learned using repeated retrieval with contextual reinstatement (RRCR) compared to repeated study (RS). Recall was similar for learned pictures used during training and new (generalized) pictures with the same adjective features. The current study compared the effects of learning method and learned/ generalized pictures on the neural processes mediating the recognition of novel adjectives. Method: Twenty typically developing children aged 4;6– 5;11 (years;months) learned four novel adjectives, two using RRCR and two using RS. Five-minute and 1-week tests assessed adjective recall using learned and generalized pictures. Also, …

Interdependencies Between Acoustic And High-Speed Videoendoscopy Parameters, Patrick Schlegel, Andreas M. Kist, Melda Kunduk, Stephan Dürr, Michael Döllinger, Anne Schützenberger

Faculty Publications

In voice research, uncovering relations between the oscillating vocal folds, being the sound source of phonation, and the resulting perceived acoustic signal are of great interest. This is especially the case in the context of voice disorders, such as functional dysphonia (FD). We investigated 250 high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) recordings with simultaneously recorded acoustic signals (124 healthy females, 60 FD females, 44 healthy males, 22 FD males). 35 glottal area waveform (GAW) parameters and 14 acoustic parameters were calculated for each recording. Linear and non-linear relations between GAW and acoustic parameters were investigated using Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) and distance correlation …

Disturbed Amazonian Forests Support Diminished Breeding Bird Communities, Cameron L. Rutt, Michael D. Kaller, Philip C. Stouffer

Faculty Publications

Twenty percent of the Brazilian Amazon has now been deforested, and deforestation rates are increasing. This compels us to evaluate the conservation potential of human-modified landscapes; yet the ecological value of regenerating and fragmented Amazonian forests remains poorly understood. To date, most faunal studies in disturbed forests have examined metrics derived from presence or abundance. Although valuable, these data cannot tell us how old-growth species are using disturbed forests. In this study, we complement presence data with breeding observations to assess more comprehensively the habitat quality of disturbed forests in central Amazonia. We synthesized breeding evidence from standardized passive mist-netting, …

Exploring The Louisiana Purchase And Its Borderlands: The Lewis And Clark, Hunter And Dunbar, Zebulon Pike, And Freeman And Custis Expeditions In Perspective [Part 2], Jay H. Buckley

Faculty Publications

Simply conducting expeditions was not enough to define the boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase. To be useful, the knowledge of Louisiana that Jefferson’s and Wilkinson’s soldiers and scientists gained from observation and inquiry needed to be interpreted and published. Jefferson’s “Message from the President” delivered to Congress on February 19, 1806, made some of their findings available to the public for the first time. His report informed the world that the Lewis and Clark and Hunter-Dunbar expeditions had collected a wealth of scientific information. It contained Lewis and Clark’s interim report written during the winter of 1804-1805, information documenting Hunter …

Judging By The Cover: On The Relationship Between Media Coverage On Crime And Harshness In Sentencing, Itay Ravid

Faculty Publications

Does the mass media affect judicial decisionmaking? This first of its kind empirical study delves into this long-lasting question, and investigates the relationship between media coverage of crime and criminal sentencing. To do so, I construct a novel data set of media reports on crime, which I link to administrative state court sentencing records. The data span five years and more than forty-three thousand sentencing decisions across three jurisdictions that differ in their judicial selection models: Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. I find that crime coverage increases sentencing harshness. I also find evidence to suggest that this effect is mitigated through …

Increased Mood Disorder Symptoms, Perceived Stress, And Alcohol Use Among College Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nora E. Charles, Stephanie J. Strong, Lauren C. Burns, Margaret R. Bullerjahn, Katherine M. Serafine

Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruption during the spring of 2020. Many college students were told to leave campus at spring break and to complete the semester remotely. This study evaluates effects of this disruption on student well-being. Measures of psychological symptoms, perceived stress, and alcohol use during the pandemic were completed by 148 students in spring 2020 and 352 students in fall 2020 at a university in the southeastern U.S. Results from both cohorts were compared to 240 students who completed the same measures in the fall 2019 semester. Participants in spring 2020 reported more mood disorder symptoms, perceived …

Shared Developmental Trajectories For Fractional Reasoning And Fine Motor Ability In 4 And 5 Year Olds, Lindsey Clark, John Shelley-Tremblay, Julie Cwikla

Faculty Publications

We investigated preschool-aged children’s understanding of early fractional tasks and how that performance correlates with fine motor skills and use of gestures while counting. Participants were 33 preschoolers aged 4 to 5 in two Southeastern public elementary schools. Children were tested individually in an interview-like setting. Mathematics tasks were presented in a paper and pencil format and the Grooved Pegboard test assessed fine motor skills. Finally, utilization of gestures was evaluated by taking a behavioral rating of the child’s hand morphology, accuracy of gestures, and synchrony of gestures and spoken word while performing a counting task. Results indicate that performance …

Sparc: Statistical Performance Analysis With Relevance Conclusions, Justin C. Tullos, Scott R. Graham, Jeremy D. Jordan, Pranav R. Patel

Faculty Publications

The performance of one computer relative to another is traditionally characterized through benchmarking, a practice occasionally deficient in statistical rigor. The performance is often trivialized through simplified measures, such as the approach of central tendency, but doing so risks a loss of perspective of the variability and non-determinism of modern computer systems. Authentic performance evaluations are derived from statistical methods that accurately interpret and assess data. Methods that currently exist within performance comparison frameworks are limited in efficacy, statistical inference is either overtly simplified or altogether avoided. A prevalent criticism from computer performance literature suggests that the results from difference …

Zynq System-On-Chip Dma Messaging For Processor Monitoring, Daniel F. Koranek, Douglas D. Hodson, Scott R. Graham

Faculty Publications

Xilinx Zynq-7000 System-on-Chip architectures combine an ARM Cortex-A9 core with an FPGA fabric. One benefit of this hybrid architecture is that it allows fast prototyping of designs where the security of either the processing system (PS) is monitored by the programmable logic (PL) or vice versa. The choice of implementing a design in the PS or PL is driven by cost-to-benefit analysis across many factors. This effort examines the design process required to construct security monitoring designs that use both the PS and PL. For background, this effort reviews similar security monitoring projects. For the effort, a PL peripheral was …

The Importance Of Viewing Property As A System, Lynda L. Butler

Faculty Publications

Can--or should--the American property system adapt to curb the excesses inherent in the dominant form of capitalism? Those extolling the virtues of privatization of resources would likely answer in the negative. Such a response would ignore the core functions and infrastructure of the American institution of property. This Article discusses the structure of property that enables property law to evolve over time, reacting to changing conditions, recognizing informal customs and usages, and otherwise taking into account important feedbacks. It explains how property provides an ordering system of concepts and principles that define and govern relations between a society and its …

A Place Of One's Own: How Law Libraries Support Democracy By Protecting Citizens' Right To Read, Amy A. Emerson

Faculty Publications

By offering places for private reading and contemplation, law libraries foster wellinformed citizens capable of independent thought. This process, in turn, provides a foundation for understanding the law, questioning the law, and ultimately challenging the legal status quo, all necessary elements of a well-functioning democracy.

The Effects Of Source Cues And Issue Frames During Covid-19, Chandler Case, Christopher Eddy, Rahul Hemrajani, Christopher Howell, Daniel Lyons, Yu-Hsien Sung, Elizabeth C. Connors

Faculty Publications

The health and economic outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic will in part be determined by how effectively experts can communicate information to the public and the degree to which people follow expert recommendation. Using a survey experiment conducted in May 2020 with almost 5,000 respondents, this paper examines the effect of source cues and message frames on perceptions of information credibility in the context of COVID-19. Each health recommendation was framed by expert or nonexpert sources, was fact- or experience-based, and suggested potential gain or loss to test if either the source cue or framing of issues affected responses to …

Open Access And Academic Freedom: Teasing Out Some Important Nuances, Rick Anderson

Faculty Publications

Discussion of the ways in which Open Access (OA) and academic freedom interact is fraught for a number of reasons, not least of which is the unwillingness of some participants in the discussion to acknowledge that OA might have any implications for academic freedom at all. Thus, any treatment of such implications must begin with foundational questions. Most basic among them are: first, what do we mean when we say ‘open access’; second, what do we mean when we say ‘academic freedom’? The answers to these questions are not as obvious as one might expect (or hope), but when they …

Integrating Survivors Of Stroke Into Exercise‐Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Improves Endurance And Functional Strength, Elizabeth Wherley Regan Dpt, Ph.D., Reed Handlery, Jill Campbell Stewart, Joseph Lee Pearson Ms,Drph, Sarah Wilcox Phd, Stacy L. Fritz Phd, Pt

Faculty Publications

Background

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a structured exercise program prevalent in the United States for people with cardiovascular disease that has been shown to increase cardiovascular endurance and improve quality of life. Despite similar cardiovascular risk factors, stroke is not among the covered diagnoses for CR. The purpose of this study was to examine the participant impact of integrating survivors of stroke into the exercise portion of an existing hospital‐based CR program through measures of physical function and other health impacts and through qualitative evaluation of participant perception.

Methods and Results

Subacute and chronic survivors of stroke were integrated into …

Structural Insights Into The Disruption Of Tnf-Tnfr1 Signalling By Small Molecules Stabilising A Distorted Tnf, David Mcmillan, Carlos Martinez-Fleites, John Porter, David Fox, Rachel E. Davis, Prashant Mori, Tom Ceska, Bruce Carrington, Alastair Lawson, Tim Bourne, James O'Connell

Faculty Publications

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a trimeric protein which signals through two membrane receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. Previously, we identified small molecules that inhibit human TNF by stabilising a distorted trimer and reduce the number of receptors bound to TNF from three to two. Here we present a biochemical and structural characterisation of the small molecule-stabilised TNF-TNFR1 complex, providing insights into how a distorted TNF trimer can alter signalling function. We demonstrate that the inhibitors reduce the binding affinity of TNF to the third TNFR1 molecule. In support of this, we show by X-ray crystallography that the inhibitor-bound, distorted, TNF …

Anemia Management In Rural Haitian Children: A Mixed Methods Study, Marc-Aurel Martial, Kathy A. Sward, Janice M. Morse, Andrew R. Wilson, Cempaka S. Martial, Debra S. Penney, Elie Nicolas

Faculty Publications

Introduction: We examined factors influencing anemia outcomes in rural children following implementation of a prevention program. Method: Mixed methods study of children, parents, and clinicians utilized statistical modeling and content/ ethnographic analysis. Retrospective chart abstraction evaluated treatments administered and measured hemoglobin in children aged 6 to 59 months (n = 161). Prospective interviews/questionnaires examined parent (n = 51) and clinician (n = 19) perceptions. Results: Anemia prevalence decreased by 21.2%. Predictors of increased hemoglobin were clinic visit number and age at first visit. Once anemia improved, children were likely to remain improved (P = .65). Despite favorable program perceptions, stakeholders …

Supporting The Inclusion Of Socially Vulnerable Early Adolescents: Theory And Illustrations Of The Base Model, Thomas W. Farmer, Brittany I. Sterrett, Kate E. Norwalk, Chen-Chih Chen, Molly Dawes Ph.D., Jill V. Hamm, David L. Lee, Adaline G. Farmer

Faculty Publications

We focus on the inclusion of socially vulnerable early adolescents including students with special education needs (SEN). Building from multiple intervention and randomized control trials of a professional development model aimed at supporting teachers' management of the classroom social context, we provide an overview of the Behavioral, Academic, and Social Engagement (BASE) Model as a framework to foster social inclusion. We briefly review the conceptual foundations of this model and we present the delivery (i.e., directed consultation, the scouting report process) and content (i.e., Academic Engagement Enhancement, Competence Enhancement Behavior Management, Social Dynamics Management) components of BASE. We then briefly …

Accuracy Assessment Of Global Internal-Tide Models Using Satellite Altimetry, Loren Carrere, Brian K. Arbic, Brian Dushaw, Gary Egbert, Svetlana Erofeeva, Florent Lyard, Richard D. Ray, Clement Ubelmann, Edward Zaron, Zhongxiang Zhao, Jay F. Shriver, Maarten Cornelis Buijsman, Nicolas Picot

Faculty Publications

Altimeter measurements are corrected for several geophysical parameters in order to access ocean signals of interest, like mesoscale or sub-mesoscale variability. The ocean tide is one of the most critical corrections due to the amplitude of the tidal elevations and to the aliasing phenomena of high-frequency signals into the lower-frequency band, but the internal-tide signatures at the ocean surface are not yet corrected globally.

Internal tides can have a signature of several centimeters at the surface with wavelengths of about 50–250 km for the first mode and even smaller scales for higher-order modes. The goals of the upcoming Surface Water …

Asymptotic Security Of Discrete-Modulation Protocols For Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution, Eneet Kaur, Saikat Guha, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

We consider discrete-modulation protocols for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) that employ a modulation constellation consisting of a finite number of coherent states and that use a homodyne- or a heterodyne-detection receiver. We establish a security proof for collective attacks in the asymptotic regime, and we provide a formula for an achievable secret-key rate. Previous works established security proofs for discrete-modulation CV-QKD protocols that use two or three coherent states. The main constituents of our approach include approximating a complex, isotropic Gaussian probability distribution by a finite-size Gauss-Hermite constellation, applying entropic continuity bounds, and leveraging previous security proofs for Gaussian-modulation …

Poster Competitions In A Pandemic: The Value Of Going Virtual, Megan Frost, Michael C. Goates, Gregory M. Nelson

Faculty Publications

Science librarians at Brigham Young University have hosted a student poster competition for the past several years to showcase student research on campus and to promote science information literacy and scholarly communication skills. As part of this competition, students receive constructive feedback on both their poster design and their oral presentation skills during an in-person open house. In 2020, COVID-19 threw a curveball as the campus shut down just two weeks before the scheduled competition open house. Rather than throwing in the towel, the librarians scrambled to turn this previously in-person competition into a completely virtual event. Despite the substantial …

Reconfigurable Network For Quantum Transport Simulations, Mario A. Quiroz-Juárez, Chenglong You, Javier Carrillo-Martínez, Diego Montiel-Álvarez, José L. Aragón, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza, Roberto De J. León-Montiel

Faculty Publications

We put forward a versatile, highly scalable, tunable electronic platform for the simulation of single-excitation quantum transport phenomena. Our system, comprising 10 state-of-the-art, fully reconfigurable electronic oscillators, is implemented by making use of functional blocks synthesized with operational amplifiers and passive linear electrical components. To test the robustness and precise control of our platform, we simulate different quantum transport protocols, such as the ballistic propagation of a single-excitation wave function in an ordered lattice, and its localization due to disorder. We implement the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model to directly observe the emergence of topologically protected one-dimensional edge states. Furthermore, we present the …

How To Sell A Friend: Disinterest As Relational Work In Direct Sales, Curtis Child

Faculty Publications

Economic sociologists agree that monetary transactions are not necessarily antithetical to meaningful social relationships. However, they also accept that creating “good matches” between the two requires hard work. In this article, I contribute to the relational program in economic sociology by examining a common but understudied type of work in which one party to a relationship stands to benefit from it financially. I identify in these highly commercialized contexts a particular style of relational work anticipated, but not fully developed, in Pierre Bourdieu’s writings: disinterest. I argue that the disinterested style is manifest by economically implicated individuals who downplay their …

Extraterrestrials In The Stacks: An Archivist’S Journey With Alien Abduction, A Stained Blue Dress, And The Betty And Barney Hill Collection, William Ross

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Spiritual Experience And Church Commitment Among South Korean Young Adult Immigrants In The United States: A Mixed-Methods Study, Chulwoo Park, Mark Edberg

Faculty Publications

Background

Korean American immigrants have become one of the largest Asian American ethnic group in the United States, and Christianity have been preserving their ethnic identities. However, little is known if church commitment is associated with developing emotional well-being and work capacity. The study aims to understand the attachment to church and its effect on level of emotional well-being and work (or school) performance among South Korean young adult immigrants who have a strong faith in Christianity.

Methods

A sequential, mixed-methods study examined two dimensions of church attachment, level of religious belief and involvement in church activities. A total of …

Switching Between Singular Points In Non-Pt -Symmetric Multilayer Structures Using Phase-Change Materials, Yin Huang, Lanyan Wang, Yuecheng Shen, Georgios Veronis

Faculty Publications

We investigate the switching between singular points in non-parity-time-symmetric multilayer structures using phase-change materials at the optical communication wavelength. We first show that absorbing singularities can be switched to exceptional points (EPs) in a two-layer structure consisting of a phase-change material layer and a lossy layer by switching the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) from its crystalline to its amorphous phase. We also show that spectral singularities (SSs) can be switched to EPs in a three-layer structure consisting of a lossless dielectric layer sandwiched between a GST layer and a gain layer by switching the GST from its crystalline to its …

Neuroprotective Effects Of Asparagus Officinalis Stem Extract In Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Amyloid Precursor Protein, Zhanglong Peng, Supinder Bedi, Vivek Mann, Alamelu Sundaresan, Kohei Homma, Gregory Gaskey, Minoru Kowada, Shahid Umar, Anil D. Kulkarni, Holger K. Eltzschig, Marie Francoise Doursout

Faculty Publications

To mimic Alzheimer's disease, transgenic mice overexpressing the amyloid precursor protein (APP) were used in this study. We hypothesize that the neuroprotective effects of ETAS®50, a standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem produced by Amino Up Co., Ltd. (Sapporo, Japan), are linked to the inhibition of the apoptosis cascade through an enhancement of the stress-response proteins: heat shock proteins (HSPs). APP-overexpressing mice (double-transgenic APP and PS1 mouse strains with a 129s6 background), ages 6-8 weeks old, and weighing 20-24 grams were successfully bred in our laboratory. The animals were divided into 5 groups. APP-overexpressing mice and wild-type (WT) mice were …