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Solutions Still Searching For A Problem: A Call For Relevant Data To Support "Evergreening" Allegations, Erika Lietzan, Kristina M. L. Acri Jan 2023

Solutions Still Searching For A Problem: A Call For Relevant Data To Support "Evergreening" Allegations, Erika Lietzan, Kristina M. L. Acri

Faculty Publications

For years pharmaceutical policymaking discussions have been revolving around allegations of supposed “evergreening” by pharmaceutical companies, and policymakers have considered a range of significant policy reforms — including to antitrust law and drug regulatory law — to address this purported problem. This paper evaluates empirical data offered to substantiate “evergreening” and explains that these data — though mostly accurate — do not support proposed policy changes.

The “evergreening” claim is that by securing additional patents and FDA-related exclusivities after approval of their new drugs, brand drug companies enjoy a period of exclusivity in the market that is longer than the …

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Factors That Predict Weight Loss Success Differ By Diet Intervention Type, Jordan Losavio, Michael J. Keenan, Elizabeth A. Gollub, Heidi J. Silver Jan 2023

Factors That Predict Weight Loss Success Differ By Diet Intervention Type, Jordan Losavio, Michael J. Keenan, Elizabeth A. Gollub, Heidi J. Silver

Faculty Publications

Background: Many types of diet intervention can achieve negative energy balance and successful weight loss in persons with obesity. However, within any dietary strategy, there is large inter-individual variation in the weight loss response. The aim of this study is to determine factors that predict weight loss success for diet interventions that vary by macronutrient and caloric composition. Methods: Participants with BMI 30.0 to 49.9 kg/m2 self-selected one of three diet intervention trials for weight loss: low carbohydrate (LOW CHO), low fat (LOW FAT), or low calorie (LOW KCAL). Multivariable regression models were developed to determine the significance of predictor …

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Effect Of Storage Temperature And Produce Type On The Survival Or Growth Of Listeria Monocytogenes On Peeled Rinds And Fresh-Cut Produce, Juan Moreira, Erika Mera, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Joan M. King, Thanos Gentimis, Achyut Adhikari Jan 2023

Effect Of Storage Temperature And Produce Type On The Survival Or Growth Of Listeria Monocytogenes On Peeled Rinds And Fresh-Cut Produce, Juan Moreira, Erika Mera, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Joan M. King, Thanos Gentimis, Achyut Adhikari

Faculty Publications

Whole and fresh-cut produce are minimally processed and susceptible to microbial contamination. This study evaluated the survival or growth of L. monocytogenes on peeled rinds, and fresh-cut produce at different storage temperatures. Fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, including cantaloupe, watermelon, pear, papaya, pineapple, broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce, bell pepper, and kale (25 g pieces) were spot inoculated with 4 log CFU/g of L. monocytogenes and stored at 4 or 13°C for 6 days. Cantaloupe and bell pepper rind disks (20 cm2), mimicking whole produce were inoculated with low inoculum level (4 log CFU/mL) and high inoculum level (6 log CFU/mL) and stored …

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Challenges In The Combination Of Radiotherapy And Immunotherapy For Breast Cancer, Rui Zhang, Samantha D. Clark, Beibei Guo, Tianyi Zhang, Duane Jeansonne, Samithamby J. Jeyaseelan, Joseph Francis, Weishan Huang Jan 2023

Challenges In The Combination Of Radiotherapy And Immunotherapy For Breast Cancer, Rui Zhang, Samantha D. Clark, Beibei Guo, Tianyi Zhang, Duane Jeansonne, Samithamby J. Jeyaseelan, Joseph Francis, Weishan Huang

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Immunotherapy (IT) is showing promise in the treatment of breast cancer, but IT alone only benefits a minority of patients. Radiotherapy (RT) is usually included in the standard of care for breast cancer patients and is traditionally considered as a local form of treatment. The emerging knowledge of RT-induced systemic immune response, and the observation that the rare abscopal effect of RT on distant cancer metastases can be augmented by IT, have increased the enthusiasm for combinatorial immunoradiotherapy (IRT) for breast cancer patients. However, IRT largely follows the traditional sole RT and IT protocols and does not consider patient …

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Targeting The Aspergillus Flavus P2c Gene Through Host-Induced Gene Silencing Reduces A. Flavus Infection And Aflatoxin Contamination In Transgenic Maize, Yenjit Raruang, Olanike Omolehin, Dongfang Hu, Qijian Wei, Surassawadee Promyou, Lidiya J. Parekattil, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Jeffrey W. Cary, Kan Wang, Zhi Yuan Chen Jan 2023

Targeting The Aspergillus Flavus P2c Gene Through Host-Induced Gene Silencing Reduces A. Flavus Infection And Aflatoxin Contamination In Transgenic Maize, Yenjit Raruang, Olanike Omolehin, Dongfang Hu, Qijian Wei, Surassawadee Promyou, Lidiya J. Parekattil, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Jeffrey W. Cary, Kan Wang, Zhi Yuan Chen

Faculty Publications

Aspergillus flavus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects maize and produces aflatoxins. Using biocontrol or developing resistant cultivars to reduce aflatoxin contamination has only achieved limited success. Here, the A. flavus polygalacturonase gene (p2c) was targeted for suppression through host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize. An RNAi vector carrying a portion of the p2c gene was constructed and transformed into maize B104. Thirteen out of fifteen independent transformation events were confirmed to contain p2c. The T2 generation kernels containing the p2c transgene had less aflatoxin than those without the transgene in six out of eleven …

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The Nitrogen-Dependent Gaba Pathway Of Tomato Provides Resistance To A Globally Invasive Fruit Fly, Hao Li, Yuan Zhang, Hu Li, Gadi V. P. Reddy, Zhihong Li, Fajun Chen, Yucheng Sun, Zihua Zhao Jan 2023

The Nitrogen-Dependent Gaba Pathway Of Tomato Provides Resistance To A Globally Invasive Fruit Fly, Hao Li, Yuan Zhang, Hu Li, Gadi V. P. Reddy, Zhihong Li, Fajun Chen, Yucheng Sun, Zihua Zhao

Faculty Publications

Introduction: The primary metabolism of plants, which is mediated by nitrogen, is closely related to the defense response to insect herbivores. Methods: An experimental system was established to examine how nitrogen mediated tomato resistance to an insect herbivore, the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis). All tomatoes were randomly assigned to the suitable nitrogen (control, CK) treatment, nitrogen excess (NE) treatment and nitrogen deficiency (ND) treatment. Results: We found that nitrogen excess significantly increased the aboveground biomass of tomato and increased the pupal biomass of B. dorsalis. Metabolome analysis showed that nitrogen excess promoted the biosynthesis of amino acids in healthy …

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Invasiveness, Biology, Ecology, And Management Of The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda, Marc Kenis, Giovanni Benelli, Antonio Biondi, Paul André Calatayud, Roger Day, Nicolas Desneux, Rhett D. Harrison, Darren Kriticos, Ivan Rwomushana, Johnnie Van Den Berg, François Verheggen, Yong Jun Zhang, Lakpo Koku Agboyi, Régis Besmer Ahissou, Malick N. Ba, Julio Bernal, Adeney Freitas De Bueno, Yves Carrière, Geraldo Andrade Carvalho, Xue Xin Chen, Lizette Cicero, Hannalene Du Plessis, Regan Early, Patrick Fallet, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dnyaneshwar M. Firake, Georg Goergen, Astrid T. Groot, Raul N.C. Guedes, Ankita Gupta, Gao Hu, F. N. Huang, Lara R. Jaber Jan 2023

Invasiveness, Biology, Ecology, And Management Of The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda, Marc Kenis, Giovanni Benelli, Antonio Biondi, Paul André Calatayud, Roger Day, Nicolas Desneux, Rhett D. Harrison, Darren Kriticos, Ivan Rwomushana, Johnnie Van Den Berg, François Verheggen, Yong Jun Zhang, Lakpo Koku Agboyi, Régis Besmer Ahissou, Malick N. Ba, Julio Bernal, Adeney Freitas De Bueno, Yves Carrière, Geraldo Andrade Carvalho, Xue Xin Chen, Lizette Cicero, Hannalene Du Plessis, Regan Early, Patrick Fallet, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dnyaneshwar M. Firake, Georg Goergen, Astrid T. Groot, Raul N.C. Guedes, Ankita Gupta, Gao Hu, F. N. Huang, Lara R. Jaber

Faculty Publications

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797), is a serious pest of several crops, particularly maize and other cereals. It has long been known as a pest in the Americas and has invaded most of Africa and parts of the Middle East, Asia, and Australia in the last six years. Its new status as an invasive species causing serious damage in many regions worldwide has highlighted the need for better understanding and has generated much research. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of FAW covering its (i) taxonomy, biology, ecology, genomics, and microbiome, (ii) worldwide status …

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Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M. Lozano, Oliver Flouty Jan 2023

Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M. Lozano, Oliver Flouty

Faculty Publications

Objective: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health issue with a high mortality rate. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown promising results in treating SUD in certain cases. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of DBS in the treatment of SUD and reduction of relapse rates. Methods: We performed a thorough and methodical search of the existing scientific literature, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, to identify 16 original studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We used the evidence levels recommended by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine to assess bias. The R version …

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Modern-Day Neanderthal Genetic Lifewriting, Interspecies Romance, And The Promise Of Multispecies Autoethnography, Travis Brisini Jan 2023

Modern-Day Neanderthal Genetic Lifewriting, Interspecies Romance, And The Promise Of Multispecies Autoethnography, Travis Brisini

Faculty Publications

Advances in contemporary genetic science have reshaped the narratives whereby individuals and communities make sense of their personal, family, and communal histories. In this process, unknown connections have been revealed and familiar orthodoxies disrupted. This essay examines the consequences of a particularly unusual revelation - the dawning awareness of the presence of nonhuman and archaic human DNA in human genetic lines - for efforts at writing about identity and society. In this autoethnographic account, I examine my own genetic inheritance of Neanderthal DNA, and posit a performative concept of genetic life writing that begins to unpack the complexities of this …

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How To Do The History Of Sexual Science, Benjamin Kahan, Greta Lafleur Jan 2023

How To Do The History Of Sexual Science, Benjamin Kahan, Greta Lafleur

Faculty Publications

This introduction maps the ways in which sexual scientific thought circulated during the fin de siècle, tracing the interconnections between and breaks in the global circuits of sexological thought and how this circuitry continues to structure sexuality in the present. In so doing, Kahan and LaFleur position their approach and that of the special issue as a whole within the larger field of sexology, placing it in more robust dialogue with sexuality studies and attending in particular to sexology's racial and imperial logics. They examine the ways in which racial science and colonial knowledge constitute sexual science as an amorphous …

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Assessment Of Growing Condition Variables On Alfalfa Productivity, Ji Yung Kim, Kun Jun Han, Kyung Il Sung, Byong Wan Kim, Moonju Kim Jan 2023

Assessment Of Growing Condition Variables On Alfalfa Productivity, Ji Yung Kim, Kun Jun Han, Kyung Il Sung, Byong Wan Kim, Moonju Kim

Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to assess the impact of growing condition variables on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) productivity. A total of 197 alfalfa yield results were acquired from the alfalfa field trials conducted by the South Korean National Agricultural Cooperative Federation or Rural Development Administration between 1983 and 2008. The corresponding climate and soil data were collected from the database of the Korean Meteorological Administration. Twenty-three growing condition variables were developed as explaining variables for alfalfa forage biomass production. Among them, twelve variables were chosen based on the significance of the partial-correlation coefficients or potential agricultural values. The selected partial …

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Design, Alpha Testing, And Beta Testing Of A 3-D Printed Open-Hardware Portable Cryopreservation Device For Aquatic Species, William M. Childress, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch Jan 2023

Design, Alpha Testing, And Beta Testing Of A 3-D Printed Open-Hardware Portable Cryopreservation Device For Aquatic Species, William M. Childress, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Efforts in development of germplasm repositories to preserve genetic resources of aquatic species are impeded globally by a lack of standardized, inexpensive, reproducible, and portable cryopreservation technologies. The present work demonstrates a 3-D printed standardizable freezing device that can be used with nitrogen vapor shipping dewars for on-site sperm cryopreservation for aquatic species and be distributed as open-hardware. This device could hold 22 French straws (0.25-mL or 0.5-mL) and a quick-release ring design could eject straws directly into a canister inside a dewar by pressing a button after freezing. The final prototypes produced cooling rates of 1 to 68°C/min for …

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Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste Into Valuable By-Products, Jicheng Shu, Yongqin Yin, Zhijun Liu Jan 2023

Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste Into Valuable By-Products, Jicheng Shu, Yongqin Yin, Zhijun Liu

Faculty Publications

Background: Safe and efficient disposal of millions of tons of pepper sauce waste (PSW) can be a challenge to pepper sauce manufacturers that are concerned about creating environmental hazards from the processing (e.g., preservative salt and vinegar) and intrinsic (e.g., the pungent capsaicins) ingredients. It will be immensely beneficial to process these waste materials before they go to disposal. This work presents integrated approaches for a complete utilization of waste materials by removing and recovering valuable by-products and/or ingredients while succeeding to minimal to zero hazards. Methods: Laboratory- and pilot-scale extraction processes were used to demonstrate the recovery of intrinsic …

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Acute Stressors Do Not Impair Short-Term Memory Or Attention In An Aged Mouse Model Of Amyloidosis, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Breanna N. Harris, Alena V. Savonenko, Paul L. Soto Jan 2023

Acute Stressors Do Not Impair Short-Term Memory Or Attention In An Aged Mouse Model Of Amyloidosis, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Breanna N. Harris, Alena V. Savonenko, Paul L. Soto

Faculty Publications

Memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease patients is thought to be associated with the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides and tau proteins. However, inconsistent reports of cognitive deficits in pre-clinical studies have raised questions about the link between amyloid-beta and cognitive decline. One possible explanation may be that studies reporting memory deficits often involve behavioral assessments that entail a high stress component. In contrast, in tasks without a high stress component transgenic mice do not consistently show declines in memory. The glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis of aging and the vicious cycle of stress framework suggest that stress exacerbates dementia progression by initiating a …

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A Review Of The Fundamental Concepts Of Cfd For Novice Users In Building Research And Design, Soo Jeong Jo, James R. Jones Jan 2023

A Review Of The Fundamental Concepts Of Cfd For Novice Users In Building Research And Design, Soo Jeong Jo, James R. Jones

Faculty Publications

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been known as the most effective method for airflow analyses, but its complexity has been a barrier to dissemination in the building industry. Although, there have been continuous efforts to simplify the simulation process and develop more user-friendly CFD tools for novice users with reduced complexity, utilizing the tools without understanding the fundamental knowledge may bring about misleading results. The purpose of the present study is to help novice users understand the configuration process of building simulations using CFD by reviewing the fundamental concepts and proposing a framework for a simulation process in interaction with …

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Rbp4-Gal4, A Germline Driver That Activates In Meiosis, Reveals Functions For Vcp In Spermatid Development, Tyler J. Butsch, Alyssa E. Johnson, K. Adam Bohnert Jan 2023

Rbp4-Gal4, A Germline Driver That Activates In Meiosis, Reveals Functions For Vcp In Spermatid Development, Tyler J. Butsch, Alyssa E. Johnson, K. Adam Bohnert

Faculty Publications

Valosin-containing protein (VCP) is a versatile and ubiquitously expressed AAA+ ATPase that regulates multiple stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis. While VCP has documented roles in mitotic spermatogonia and meiotic spermatocytes, it is also highly expressed in post-meiotic spermatids, suggesting potential late-stage developmental functions as well. However, tools to assess late-stage activities of pleiotropic spermatogenesis genes such as VCP are lacking. Available germline-specific Gal4 drivers activate in stem cells or spermatogonia; consequently, knocking down VCP using one of these drivers disrupts or blocks early germ-cell development, precluding analysis of VCP in later stages. A Gal4 driver that activates later in development, such …

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Identification Of Oral Therapeutics Using An Ai Platform Against The Virus Responsible For Covid-19, Sars-Cov-2, Adam Bess, Frej Berglind, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Michal Brylinski, Chris Alvin, Fanan Fattah, Kishor M. Wasan Jan 2023

Identification Of Oral Therapeutics Using An Ai Platform Against The Virus Responsible For Covid-19, Sars-Cov-2, Adam Bess, Frej Berglind, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Michal Brylinski, Chris Alvin, Fanan Fattah, Kishor M. Wasan

Faculty Publications

Purpose: This study introduces a sophisticated computational pipeline, eVir, designed for the discovery of antiviral drugs based on their interactions within the human protein network. There is a pressing need for cost-effective therapeutics for infectious diseases (e.g., COVID-19), particularly in resource-limited countries. Therefore, our team devised an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system to explore repurposing opportunities for currently used oral therapies. The eVir system operates by identifying pharmaceutical compounds that mirror the effects of antiviral peptides (AVPs)—fragments of human proteins known to interfere with fundamental phases of the viral life cycle: entry, fusion, and replication. eVir extrapolates the probable antiviral efficacy …

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Gene-Educational Attainment Interactions In A Multi-Population Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identify Novel Lipid Loci, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Karen L. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolčić, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman Jan 2023

Gene-Educational Attainment Interactions In A Multi-Population Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identify Novel Lipid Loci, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Karen L. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolčić, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Educational attainment, widely used in epidemiologic studies as a surrogate for socioeconomic status, is a predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes. Methods: A two-stage genome-wide meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels was performed while accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions in up to 226,315 individuals from five population groups. We considered two educational attainment variables: “Some College” (yes/no, for any education beyond high school) and “Graduated College” (yes/no, for completing a 4-year college degree). Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) and suggestive (p < 1 × 10−6) variants were identified in Stage 1 (in up to 108,784 individuals) through genome-wide analysis, and those variants were followed up in Stage 2 studies (in up to 117,531 individuals). Results: In combined analysis of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 18 novel lipid loci (nine for LDL, seven for HDL, and two for TG) by two degree-of-freedom (2 DF) joint tests of main and interaction effects. Four loci showed significant interaction with educational attainment. Two loci were significant only in cross-population analyses. Several loci include genes with known or suggested roles in adipose (FOXP1, MBOAT4, SKP2, STIM1, STX4), brain (BRI3, FILIP1, FOXP1, LINC00290, LMTK2, MBOAT4, MYO6, SENP6, SRGAP3, STIM1, TMEM167A, TMEM30A), and liver (BRI3, FOXP1) biology, highlighting the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in the regulation of lipid metabolism. An investigation of the potential druggability of genes in identified loci resulted in five gene targets shown to interact with drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including genes with roles in adipose and brain tissue. Discussion: Genome-wide interaction analysis of educational attainment identified novel lipid loci not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects.

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Biochemical Alterations In The Follicular Fluid Of Bovine Peri-Ovulatory Follicles And Their Association With Final Oocyte Maturation, Noof Abdulrahman Alrabiah, Constantine A. Simintiras, Alexander C.O. Evans, Patrick Lonergan, Trudee Fair Jan 2023

Biochemical Alterations In The Follicular Fluid Of Bovine Peri-Ovulatory Follicles And Their Association With Final Oocyte Maturation, Noof Abdulrahman Alrabiah, Constantine A. Simintiras, Alexander C.O. Evans, Patrick Lonergan, Trudee Fair

Faculty Publications

Follicular fluid (FF), a product of vascular transudate and granulosa and thecal cell secretions, is the milieu that has evolved to support oocyte growth and maturation which plays a central role in oocyte quality determination. Therefore, a suboptimal FF composition may be reflected in compromised oocyte progression through maturation, fertilization, or embryo development. To date, the composition of bovine FF remains understudied. To address this, we comprehensively characterized the metabolomic constituency of bovine FF in the period during which the oocyte undergoes meiotic maturation. More specifically, FF from pre (-24 h) and peri (-2 h)-ovulatory follicles was profiled by high-throughput …

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Estrus Response Patches, Timing For Artificial Insemination, And Gnrh Protocol In Split Timed Ai Beef Cattle, Danilo Demeterco, Ryon S. Walker, Luiz Ernandes Kozicki, Vitor Mohad Valle, A. K. Edwards, Jake E. Anderson, Cathleen Collet Williams Jan 2023

Estrus Response Patches, Timing For Artificial Insemination, And Gnrh Protocol In Split Timed Ai Beef Cattle, Danilo Demeterco, Ryon S. Walker, Luiz Ernandes Kozicki, Vitor Mohad Valle, A. K. Edwards, Jake E. Anderson, Cathleen Collet Williams

Faculty Publications

An estrous-detection patch was used to determine the optimum timing for STAI and the necessity of GnRH at STAI on a 7-day CO-Synch+CIDR protocol. Crossbred beef cows (n=216) were stratified into the following treatment groups: CTRL=TAI (n=67) at 72 h post CIDR removal, or TRT=STAI (n=149) at 72 or 84 h post CIDR removal. All females received GnRH (100 mcg) plus a CIDR on d0, PGF2α, CIDR removal, and an Estrotect estrous-detector patch on d7. At 72 h post-CIDR removal, a patch score was assigned (PS150% removed) to all females. Cows in the CTRL group were administered a second GnRH …

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Evidence For The Efficacy Of Pre-Harvest Agricultural Practices In Mitigating Food-Safety Risks To Fresh Produce In North America, Naresh Devarajan, Daniel L. Weller, Matthew Jones, Aiko D. Adell, Achyut Adhikari, Ana Allende, Nicole L. Arnold, Patrick Baur, Sarah M. Beno, Donna Clements, Elissa M. Olimpi, Faith Critzer, Hyatt Green, Lisa Gorski, Angela Ferelli Gruber, Jasna Kovac, Jeffery Mcgarvey, Claire M. Murphy, Sarah I. Murphy, Nora Navarro-Gonzalez, Jeb P. Owen, Alda F.A. Pires, Nicole Richard, Sandipan Samaddar, Radomir Schmidt, Kate Scow, Nikki W. Shariat, Olivia M. Smith, Austin R. Spence, Don Stoeckel, Thao D.H. Tran, Gretchen Wall, Daniel S. Karp Jan 2023

Evidence For The Efficacy Of Pre-Harvest Agricultural Practices In Mitigating Food-Safety Risks To Fresh Produce In North America, Naresh Devarajan, Daniel L. Weller, Matthew Jones, Aiko D. Adell, Achyut Adhikari, Ana Allende, Nicole L. Arnold, Patrick Baur, Sarah M. Beno, Donna Clements, Elissa M. Olimpi, Faith Critzer, Hyatt Green, Lisa Gorski, Angela Ferelli Gruber, Jasna Kovac, Jeffery Mcgarvey, Claire M. Murphy, Sarah I. Murphy, Nora Navarro-Gonzalez, Jeb P. Owen, Alda F.A. Pires, Nicole Richard, Sandipan Samaddar, Radomir Schmidt, Kate Scow, Nikki W. Shariat, Olivia M. Smith, Austin R. Spence, Don Stoeckel, Thao D.H. Tran, Gretchen Wall, Daniel S. Karp

Faculty Publications

Consumption of contaminated produce remains a leading cause of foodborne illness. Increasingly, growers are altering agricultural practices and farm environments to manage food-safety hazards, but these changes often result in substantial economic, social, and environmental costs. Here, we present a comprehensive evidence synthesis evaluating the efficacy of soil, non-crop vegetation, animal, landscape, and irrigation water management strategies aimed at reducing produce-safety risk in North America. We systematically summarized findings from 78 peer-reviewed papers on the effect of 21 management practices on the prevalence, abundance, or survival of four foodborne pathogens (i.e., E. coli, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., and Campylobacter spp.), …

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Optimization Of Lycopene Extraction From Tomato Pomace And Effect Of Extract On Oxidative Stability Of Peanut Oil, Dinh Thi Tran, Lan Thi Hoang Nguyen, Cuong Ngoc Nguyen, Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog, Bart Nicolaï, David Picha Jan 2023

Optimization Of Lycopene Extraction From Tomato Pomace And Effect Of Extract On Oxidative Stability Of Peanut Oil, Dinh Thi Tran, Lan Thi Hoang Nguyen, Cuong Ngoc Nguyen, Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog, Bart Nicolaï, David Picha

Faculty Publications

Lycopene, the pigment principally responsible for the red colour of tomatoes, is well-known for its strong antioxidant property and substantial health benefits. In this study, the optimal combination of factors for lycopene extraction from tomato pomace was identified using response surface methodology. The best practically feasible results maximising both lycopene yield and antioxidant activity of the extract were obtained by applying a ratio of ethyl acetate to tomato waste of 35:1 (v/w), at a temperature of 55°C for 100 min of extraction. The extract was then added to the peanut oil to evaluate its oxidative stability during 60 days of …

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Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Of Qtl And Gene Expression Studies Identify Candidate Genes Associated With Aspergillus Flavus Resistance In Maize, Niranjan Baisakh, Eduardo A. Da Silva, Anjan K. Pradhan, Kanniah Rajasekaran Jan 2023

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Of Qtl And Gene Expression Studies Identify Candidate Genes Associated With Aspergillus Flavus Resistance In Maize, Niranjan Baisakh, Eduardo A. Da Silva, Anjan K. Pradhan, Kanniah Rajasekaran

Faculty Publications

Aflatoxin (AF) contamination, caused by Aspergillus flavus, compromises the food safety and marketability of commodities, such as maize, cotton, peanuts, and tree nuts. Multigenic inheritance of AF resistance impedes conventional introgression of resistance traits into high-yielding commercial maize varieties. Several AF resistance-associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and markers have been reported from multiple biparental mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in maize. However, QTLs with large confidence intervals (CI) explaining inconsistent phenotypic variance limit their use in marker-assisted selection. Meta-analysis of published QTLs can identify significant meta-QTLs (MQTLs) with a narrower CI for reliable identification of genes and linked markers …

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The Dose-Response Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Inflammation In Colon Cancer Survivors, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L.E. Compton, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Guillaume Spielmann, Shengping Yang Jan 2023

The Dose-Response Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Inflammation In Colon Cancer Survivors, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L.E. Compton, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Guillaume Spielmann, Shengping Yang

Faculty Publications

Background: Physical activity after surgical resection for colon cancer is associated with significantly longer disease-free survival. Inflammation is hypothesized to mediate the association between physical activity and disease-free survival in colon cancer. Methods: In this exploratory analysis of a randomized dose-response trial, 39 colon cancer survivors who completed standard therapy were stratified by cancer stage and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three treatment groups for 24 weeks of usual-care control, 150 min/wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (low-dose), or 300 min/wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (high-dose). Inflammation outcomes included high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL6), and soluble tumor …

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Editorial: Innovative Approaches To Coral Reef Science By Early Career Researchers, David A. Paz-García, Eric J. Armstrong, Iva Popovic, Raúl A. González-Pech, Michael E. Hellberg Jan 2023

Editorial: Innovative Approaches To Coral Reef Science By Early Career Researchers, David A. Paz-García, Eric J. Armstrong, Iva Popovic, Raúl A. González-Pech, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Estradiol And Predator Cues On Behavior And Brain Responses Of Captive Female House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Melanie G. Kimball, Courtney T. Harding, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Keegan R. Stansberry, Tosha R. Kelly, Christine R. Lattin Jan 2023

Effect Of Estradiol And Predator Cues On Behavior And Brain Responses Of Captive Female House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Melanie G. Kimball, Courtney T. Harding, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Keegan R. Stansberry, Tosha R. Kelly, Christine R. Lattin

Faculty Publications

The presence of predators can cause major changes in animal behavior, but how this interacts with hormonal state and brain activity is poorly understood. We gave female house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in post-molt condition an estradiol (n = 17) or empty implant (n = 16) for 1 week. Four weeks after implant removal, a time when female sparrows show large differences in neuronal activity to conspecific vs. heterospecific song, we exposed birds to either 30 min of conspecific song or predator calls, and video recorded their behavior. Females were then euthanized, and we examined neuronal activity using the expression of …

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The Use Of Single-Cell Sequencing To Reveal Stem/Progenitor Cells In Animal Organ Regeneration, Suxiang Lu, Igor Schneider, Honghui Zeng, Shunping He Jan 2023

The Use Of Single-Cell Sequencing To Reveal Stem/Progenitor Cells In Animal Organ Regeneration, Suxiang Lu, Igor Schneider, Honghui Zeng, Shunping He

Faculty Publications

Advances in single-cell sequencing technologies have made it possible to reveal the cellular basis of complex organ regeneration processes. In this review, we briefly introduce commonly used high-throughput single-cell sequencing platforms and their characteristics. We discuss in depth how single-cell sequencing techniques can be used in the study of regeneration to reveal stem/progenitor cell types and their developmental trajectories. From the perspective of stem cells, we review animal models of regenerative biology and organ models involved in regenerative medicine, with a focus on limb/fin/digit-tip regeneration. Finally, we discuss previous prospective work on improving systematic approaches to explore the origin and …

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Genotypic Variation Of Adaptive And Yield Component Traits Of Introduced Grain Oats (Avena Sativa L.) Grown In Bangladesh, Md Nashir Uddin, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ummea Khairun Fatema, S. M.Mostafa Kamal Khan Jan 2023

Genotypic Variation Of Adaptive And Yield Component Traits Of Introduced Grain Oats (Avena Sativa L.) Grown In Bangladesh, Md Nashir Uddin, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ummea Khairun Fatema, S. M.Mostafa Kamal Khan

Faculty Publications

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is considered a nutritious cereal. Its demand has surged across the globe steadily for half a decade, including in Bangladesh. Because there is no local variety, the current supply in Bangladesh solely relies on imports. This study aimed to introduce grain oats from the United States of America (U.S.A.) to Bangladesh and determine the extent of their adaptability and yield in this new environment. One hundred oat accessions were introduced in collaboration between North South University, Bangladesh and the University of Florida, U.S.A. They were evaluated in field conditions from November 2019 to April 2020 in …

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Germplasm The Key Factor For Development Of Oat Cultivars Urs Olada And Urs Poente, Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco, Stephen Harrison, Luiz Carlos Federizzi Jan 2023

Germplasm The Key Factor For Development Of Oat Cultivars Urs Olada And Urs Poente, Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco, Stephen Harrison, Luiz Carlos Federizzi

Faculty Publications

Cultivars URS OLADA and URS POENTE, with superior agronomic performance were bred by the Oat Breeding Program of UFRGS. These cultivars were developed using germplasm from the Quaker Oat International Nursery, a long-term collaborative program of open exchange of oats superior germplasm among breeders in a global scale.

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Leaky Gut And The Ingredients That Help Treat It: A Review, Ricardo Santos Aleman, Marvin Moncada, Kayanush J. Aryana Jan 2023

Leaky Gut And The Ingredients That Help Treat It: A Review, Ricardo Santos Aleman, Marvin Moncada, Kayanush J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

The human body is in daily contact with potentially toxic and infectious substances in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The GIT has the most significant load of antigens. The GIT can protect the intestinal integrity by allowing the passage of beneficial agents and blocking the path of harmful substances. Under normal conditions, a healthy intestinal barrier prevents toxic elements from entering the blood stream. However, factors such as stress, an unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol, antibiotics, and drug consumption can compromise the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier function of the intestine, leading to increased intestinal …

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