Digital Commons Network^™

Multiple Mixed-Type Attractors In A Competition Model, J. M. Cushing, Shandelle M. Henson, Chantel C. Blackburn

Faculty Publications

We show that a discrete-time, two-species competition model with Ricker (exponential) nonlinearities can exhibit multiple mixed-type attractors. By this is meant dynamic scenarios in which there are simultaneously present both coexistence attractors (in which both species are present) and exclusion attractors (in which one species is absent). Recent studies have investigated the inclusion of life-cycle stages in competition models as a casual mechanism for the existence of these kinds of multiple attractors. In this paper we investigate the role of nonlinearities in competition models without life-cycle stages. © 2007 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Aeronautical Telemetry Using Multiple-Antenna Transmitters, Michael A. Jensen, Michael D. Rice, Adam L. Anderson

Faculty Publications

The placement of multiple antennas on an air vehicle is one possible practice for overcoming signal obstruction created by vehicle maneuvering during air-to-ground transmission. Unfortunately, for vehicle attitudes where more than one of these antennas has a clear path to the receiving station, this practice also leads to self-interference nulls, resulting in dramatic degradation in the average signal integrity. This paper discusses application of unitary space-time codes such as the Alamouti transmit diversity scheme and unitary differential space-time codes to overcome the self-interference effect observed in such systems. The mathematical foundations of these techniques within the context of this application …

Why Torts Die, Kyle Graham

Faculty Publications

A few authors have performed autopsies on specific torts and identified the suspected reasons behind their deaths.  These analyses, though interesting, are by their own admission of limited scope and do not provide especially useful analytic or predictive tools. This Article has a broader goal. Just as pathologists and epidemiologists study how fatal illnesses spread, conservation biologists examine why animal species go extinct, and geographers and anthropologists try to understand why societies succeed or fail,  this Article surveys the roster of dead and dying torts and then asks (and tries to answer) a novel question: Why do torts die? This …

But Can It Be Fixed? A Look At Constitutional Challenges To Lethal Injection Executions, Ellen Kreitzberg, David Richter

Faculty Publications

This article argues that California's Procedure 770 as currently implemented is unconstitutional. Judge Fogel, after an exhaustive review of evidence from all parties,agrees. Although Judge Fogel believes that the lethal injection system, while broken "can be fixed," we argue that lethal injection, as a method of execution, is always unconstitutional because the procedures employed in its administration can never ensure against unnecessary risk of pain to the inmate. We also argue that the California legislature must step in to publicly review lethal injection executions and to investigate the conduct of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) in the …

Sos (Safeguard Our Survival): Understanding And Alleviating The Lethal Legacy Of Survival Threatening Child Abuse, Nancy A. Wright, Eric Wright

Faculty Publications

To try to achieve the goal of fully protecting a child the first time the child is subjected to potentially survival-threatening abuse, this Article suggests the creation of a model program, called the SOS ("Save Our Survival") Program, with the hope that this model program might ultimately be adopted by child protective agencies throughout the United States. Specially trained teams, known as SOS ("Safeguard Our Survival") Teams, comprised of child protection workers, police officers, medical personnel, attorneys and social workers would staff the program. SOS Team members, who would be on call 24/7, would be notified as soon as a …

Language Accommodation And The Voting Rights Act, Angelo N. Ancheta

Faculty Publications

Since 1975, the language assistance provisions of the federal Voting Rights Act have provided important safeguards of voting rights to racial and ethnic minority citizens. Despite the renewal of key provisions of the Voting Rights Act in 2006 for an additional twenty-five years, Congress has not articulated a comprehensive theory of language rights in the voting arena, nor has it provided language assistance mechanisms that provide adequate assistance to all limited-English-proficient voters.

This paper articulates a theory of language accommodation within federal antidiscrimination jurisprudence and suggests revisions to key sections of the Voting Rights Act to expand coverage of the …

Online Word Of Mouth And Its Implications For Trademark Law, Eric Goldman

Faculty Publications

This Chapter discusses the emergence of online word of mouth, the process by which consumers disseminate their views about marketplace goods and services. Due to online word of mouth, consumers have an unprecedented ability to influence the brand perceptions of other consumers. Unfortunately, these effects have put doctrinal pressure on trademark law, leading to judicial interpretations that inhibit the flow of online word of mouth and may damage the efficacy of marketplace mechanisms. This Chapter will explore how trademark law should be interpreted to preserve the flow of socially beneficial online word of mouth.

The Avoidance Canon: From The Cold War To The War On Terror, Lisa A. Kloppenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Deregulatory Valence Of Justice O'Connor's Federalism, Bradley W. Joondeph

Faculty Publications

When Justice O'Connor announced her retirement in July 2005, reflections on her career teemed with references to her role as a leader of the Rehnquist Court's federalism revival. But the common perception of O'Connor as an ardent defender of the states' independent policymaking authority is grounded in a narrow understanding of constitutional federalism - one that focuses primarily, if not exclusively, on the limits of the national government's power. Constitutional federalism also involves a variety of structural constraints on state power, constraints that are designed to protect the interests of the nation as a whole. And in cases implicating these …

Experience Economy Strategies: Adding Value To Small Rural Businesses, Ann Marie Fiore, Linda Niehm, Haemoon Oh, Miyoung Jeong

Faculty Publications

Many Extension programs designed to enhance rural economic development have focused on development of value-added goods, particularly agricultural goods. The Experience Economy perspective suggests that economic development should also include value-added consumer experiences offered by an array of small rural businesses, such as retail, hospitality, tourism, and restaurant establishments. This article introduces Experience Economy strategies and elements of business offerings that create experiential value and provides a tool to help small business operators assess and enhance their experiential offerings that generate value for consumers.

Mandarin Chinese: An Annotated Bibliography Of Self-Study Materials, Duncan E. Alford

Faculty Publications

The People’s Republic of China is currently the seventh largest economy in the world and is projected to be the largest economy by 2050. Commensurate with its growing economic power, the PRC is using its political power more frequently on the world stage. As a result of these changes, interest in China and its legal system is growing among attorneys and academics. International law librarians similarly are seeing more researchers interested in China, its laws and economy. The principal language of China, Mandarin Chinese, is considered a difficult language to learn. The Foreign Service Institute has rated Mandarin as “exceptionally …

Rojack Revisited As Nightmare Avatar Of I, John, Your Brother (Rev. 1:9), Kevin Lewis

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The New Prc Limited Partnership Enterprise Law And The Limited Partnership Law Of The United States: A Selective Analytical Comparison, Thomas Geu, Yong Wu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Transcriptomic Analysis Of Rdx And Tnt Interactive Sublethal Effects In The Earthworm Eisenia Fetida, Ping Gong, Xin Guan, Laura S. Anouye, Youping Deng, Mehdi Pirooznia, Edward J. Perkins

Faculty Publications

Background

Explosive compounds such as TNT and RDX are recalcitrant contaminants often found co-existing in the environment. In order to understand the joint effects of TNT and RDX on earthworms, an important ecological and bioindicator species at the molecular level, we sampled worms (Eisenia fetida) exposed singly or jointly to TNT (50 mg/kg soil) and RDX (30 mg/kg soil) for 28 days and profiled gene expression in an interwoven loop designed microarray experiment using a 4k-cDNA array. Lethality, growth and reproductive endpoints were measured.

Results

Sublethal doses of TNT and RDX had no significant effects on the survival …

Exploring Special Places: Connecting Secondary Art Students To Their Island Community, Mark Graham

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Spatial Ecology Of The Coachwhip, Masticophis Flagellum (Squamata: Colubridae), In Eastern Texas, Richard W. Johnson, Robert R. Fleet, Michael B. Keck, D. Craig Rudolph

Faculty Publications

We radio-tracked nine Masticophis flagellum (Coachwhips) to determine home range, habitat use, and movements in eastern Texas from April to October 2000. Home ranges of Coachwhips contained more oak savanna macrohabitat than early-successional pine plantation or forested seep, based on the availability of these three macrohabitats in the study area. Likewise, within their individual home ranges, Coachwhips used oak savanna more than the other two macrohabitats, based on availability. An analysis of microhabitat use revealed that, relative to random sites within their home range, Coachwhips were found at sites with fewer pine trees and more herbaceous vegetation taller than 30 …

A Theory Of Expressive International Law, Alex Geisinger, Michael Ashley Stein

Faculty Publications

Ever since Grotius first suggested that desire for esteem from the broader global community motivates States to comply with international law, identifying just how this desire effects compliance has proven illusive. The ability to harness the pull of international society is important to virtually all treaty formation and compliance. It is especially important in the area of human rights regimes where other compliance forces such as coercion, are rarely, if ever, used. Recent empirical evidence, however, suggests that human rights regimes are ineffective. Indeed, in many situations this evidence suggests that the human rights practices of States that ratify such …

White Challengers, Black Majorities: Reconciling Competition In Majority-Minority Districts With The Promise Of The Voting Rights Act, Janai S. Nelson

Faculty Publications

Majority-minority districts have been the subject of extensive, and often rancorous, critique and debate. In their prime, these districts nearly single-handedly changed the face of American politics by enabling racial minorities to elect their preferred candidates who reflected both their interests and identity. However, precisely at the point when these districts achieve an optimal balance of majority and minority populations and host multi-candidate competition, they reveal a frailty that not only thwarts their immediate purpose but contradicts both the express and implicit goals of their source: The Voting Rights Act of 1965. Majority-minority districts possess an inherent limitation that contradicts …

The Nuremberg Roles Of Justice Robert H. Jackson, John Q. Barrett

Faculty Publications

This lecture covers the background of Robert H. Jackson and the story of "Nuremberg," which is Jackson's Nuremberg. The program of this Nuremberg conference states that Prof. Barrett will speak about "The Crucial Role of Robert H. Jackson." In fact, there were multiple Jackson roles at Nuremberg—many, many roles and moments were encompassed in the undertaking that has come to be so significant historically that the primary, global meaning of the word "Nuremberg" today is, and probably always will be, the 1945-46 international trial of the principal surviving Nazi criminals. Justice Jackson's Nuremberg was over 15 months of full time …

Disability And The Social Contract, Anita Silvers, Michael Ashley Stein

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Beyond Disability Civil Rights, Michael Ashley Stein, Penelope J.S. Stein

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Are Botanists Becoming The Dinosaurs Of Biology In The 21st Century?, Dennis W. Woodland

Faculty Publications

The number of botany students, botany classes, botany departments in universities and botanists attending conventions has been declining over many years in North America. This is part of a general trend throughout the field of organismal biology, not just botany. The history leading up to the situation today in North America, is discussed and reasons are given for this trend over the last century of time. Seven ways to keep botany a viable occupation are discussed otherwise botany, in the 21st century, may go the way of the dinosaur. © 2007.

Rapid Structural Mapping Of Ternary Metallic Alloy Systems Using The Combinatorial Approach And Cluster Analysis, C. J. Long, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, M. Murakami, R. C. Srivastava, I. Takeuchi, V. L. Karen, X. Li

Faculty Publications

We are developing a procedure for the quick identification of structural phases in thin film composition spread experiments which map large fractions of compositional phase diagrams of ternary metallic alloy systems. An in-house scanning x-ray microdiffractometer is used to obtain x-ray spectra from 273 different compositions on a single composition spread library. A cluster analysissoftware is then used to sort the spectra into groups in order to rapidly discover the distribution of phases on the ternary diagram. The most representative pattern of each group is then compared to a database of known structures to identify known phases. Using this method, …

A Return To Descartes: Property, Profit, And The Corporate Ownership Of Animals, Darian M. Ibrahim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Quick Overview Of The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities, Michael Ashley Stein

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Forum Defendant Rule In Arkansas, Scott Dodson

Faculty Publications

Section 1441(b) of the removal statute prohibits removal of a diversity case if a defendant is a citizen of the state in which the case was originally filed. The bar to removal is known as the Forum Defendant Rule. Is removal in violation of the Forum Defendant Rule a jurisdictional or nonjurisdictional defect? The characterization matters because a jurisdictional defect can be raised at any time, while a nonjurisdictional defect must be raised within a specific period of time or is waived. The Supreme Court has not resolved the characterization, but a number of circuit courts, including the Eighth Circuit, …

Capital Punishment In The United States, And Beyond, Paul Marcus

Faculty Publications

This article explores the controversial topic of capital punishment, with a particular focus on its longstanding application in the United States. The use of the death penalty in the US has been the subject of much criticism both domestically and internationally. The numerous concerns addressed in this article relate to the morality of the punishment, its effectiveness, the uneven application of the penalty, and procedural problems. The US Supreme Court has confirmed the constitutionality of capital punishment while striking down particular uses of the death penalty. The US is not, however, alone in executing convicted defendants. Capital punishment is still …

Art, Ecology And Art Education: Locating Art Education In A Critical Place-Based Pedagogy, Mark Graham

Faculty Publications

In contemporary life and education, the local is marginalized in favor of large-scale economies of consumption that are indifferent to ecological concerns. The consequences of neglecting local human and natural communities include a degraded habitat, loss of wilderness, alienation, rootlessness, and lack of connection to communities. Critical place-based pedagogy provides a robust framework for the theory and practice of art education that is concerned with ecological issues. This article locates art education within a critical pedagogy of place as a prelude to describing contemporary art and art education that is engaged with ecological Issues.

Contemporary Art, Science, Ecology, And A Critical Pedagogy Of Place, Mark Graham

Faculty Publications

In contemporary life and education, the local is marginalized in favor of large-scale economies of consumption that are indifferent to ecological concerns. The consequences of neglecting local human and natural communities include a degraded habitat, loss of wilderness, alienation, rootlessness, and lack of connection to communities. Place-based education responds to this indifference to local ecological concerns by grounding student learning in the experiences of their own lives, communities, and regions. Critical place-based pedagogy broadens the scope of place-based learning by incorporating critical theory into the curriculum of the local. This article describes a critical pedagogy of place as a prelude …

Guerilla Terms, Peter A. Alces

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.