Digital Commons Network^™

Influence Of Calcium And Phosphorus Feeding On Markers Of Bone Metabolism In Transition Cows, V. R. Moreira, L. K. Zeringue, C. C. Williams, C. Leonardi, M. E. Mccormick

Faculty Publications

A study was carried out to verify the effect of Ca and P levels on production, digestibility, and serum bone metabolism biomarkers in dairy cows. Fifty-two nonlactating multiparous cows (≥3 lactations) were confined in a free-stall barn approximately 20 d before calving. A standard close-up diet was fed to cows once daily until d 2 postpartum. Cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial approach averaging 0.64% Ca for high Ca (HCa), 0.46% Ca for low Ca (LCa), 0.47% P for high P (HP), and 0.38% P for low P (LP) …

Diverse Elevational Diversity Gradients In Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U.S.A., Nathan J. Sanders, Robert R. Dunn, Matthew C. Fitzpatrick, Christopher E. Carlton, Michael R. Pogue, Charles R. Parker, Theodore R. Simons

Faculty Publications

© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. Less well studied, however, are the factors that shape elevational diversity gradients. Because many climatic factors vary systematically along elevational gradients, as they might along latitudinal gradients, elevational diversity gradients were thought to be miniature versions of latitudinal gradients (Körner, 2000). For example, Brown (1988) wrote, “Just as change of physical conditions with altitude resembles in many respects the variation with latitude, so the decreasing diversity of most organisms with increasing elevation mirrors in most respects the latitudinal gradient of species richness.” Stevens (1992) noted that, “Biologists have long recognized that elevational …

Sos1 And Halophytism., Dong Ha Oh, Ali Zahir, Dae Jin Yun, Ray A. Bressan, Hans J. Bohnert

Faculty Publications

Much is already known about the function and functioning of the three genes that make up the SOS (Salt-Overly-Sensitive) pathway in plants, but recent studies indicate that the linkage between external increases in salinity and stress protection provided by genes SOS1, SOS2 and SOS3 is more complex than previously appreciated. It has recently been shown that the engineered reduced expression of the sodium/proton antiporter SOS1 affected several pathways indicating a role for SOS1 that exceeds its known function as an antiporter. Interference with expression of SOS1, characterized as a sodium/proton antiporter in the halophyte Thellungiella salsuginea converted Thellungiella into an …

Phylogenetic Relationships Among Seed Plants: Persistent Questions And The Limits Of Molecular Data, Sarah Mathews

Faculty Publications

Trees inferred from DNA sequence data provide only limited insight into the phylogeny of seed plants because the living lineages (cycads, Ginkgo, conifers, gnetophytes, and angiosperms) represent fewer than half of the major lineages that have been detected in the fossil record. Nevertheless, phylogenetic trees of living seed plants inferred from sequence data can provide a test of relationships inferred in analyses that include fossils. So far, however, significant uncertainty persists because nucleotide data support several conflicting hypotheses. It is likely that improved sampling of gymnosperm diversity in nucleotide data sets will help alleviate some of the analytical issues encountered …

Adipose Tissue Collagen Vi In Obesity, Magdalena Pasarica, Barbara Gowronska-Kozak, David Burk, Isabel Remedios, David Hymel, Jeff Gimble, Eric Ravussin, George A. Bray, Steven R. Smith

Faculty Publications

Objectives: Basic science studies show that the extracellular matrix of adipose tissue, mainly represented by collagen VI, is dysfunctional in obesity and contributes to the development of the metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized in humans that increased collagen VI α3-subunit (COL6A3) mRNAis associated with adipose tissue macrophage chemotaxis and inflammation and that weight gain is accompanied by changes in the expression of COL6A3. Research Design and Methods: Adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from a cross-sectional study (n = 109), an overfeeding study (n = 9), and a pioglitazone treatment study (n = 14). Adipose tissue gene expression was measured by quantitative …

A Maize Trypsin Inhibitor (Zmtip) With Limited Activity Against Aspergillus Flavus, R. L. Baker, R. L. Brown, Z. Y. Chen, T. E. Cleveland, A. M. Fakhoury

Faculty Publications

Infection of maize both pre- and postharvest by Aspergillus flavus is a severe agricultural problem in the southern United States. Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by A. flavus and are carcinogenic to humans and animals upon ingestion. Extensive research has been conducted to identify sources of resistance to A. flavus in maize. Some maize genotypes exhibit greater resistance to A. flavus than others. Many research groups have validated the role of plant trypsin inhibitors (TIs) as a means of plant defense against fungal infection. Research consisting of the cloning, expression, and partial characterization of one previously uncharacterized TI protein has …

A Maize Lectin-Like Protein With Antifungal Activity Against Aspergillus Flavus, R. L. Baker, R. L. Brown, Z. Y. Chen, T. E. Cleveland, A. M. Fakhoury

Faculty Publications

The filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus causes an ear rot on maize and produces a mycotoxin (aflatoxin) in colonized maize kernels. Aflatoxins are carcinogenic to humans and animals upon ingestion. Aflatoxin contamination results in a large loss of profits and marketable yields for farmers each year. Several research groups have worked to pinpoint sources of resistance to A. flavus and the resulting aflatoxin contamination in maize. Some maize genotypes exhibit greater resistance than others. A proteomics approach has recently been used to identify endogenous maize proteins that may be associated with resistance to the fungus. Research has been conducted on cloning, …

Sperm Cryopreservation Of A Live-Bearing Fish, Xiphophorus Couchianus: Male-To-Male Variation In Post-Thaw Motility And Production Of F1 Hybrid Offspring, Huiping Yang, Leona Hazlewood, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Fishes of the genus Xiphophorus are well-studied biomedical research models, and some species, such as X. couchianus, are currently listed as endangered in the wild. Sperm cryopreservation in these live-bearing fishes has begun recently. Thus far, live young have been produced with cryopreserved sperm only in one species (Xiphophorus helleri). In this study, the goal was to develop a practical protocol for sperm cryopreservation of Xiphophorus couchianus, and to produce live young with cryopreserved sperm. Sperm were collected by crushing of testis in Hanks' balanced salt solution at an osmolality of 500 mOsmol/kg (HBSS500), and were cryopreserved with 14% glycerol …

Current Status Of Sperm Cryopreservation In Biomedical Research Fish Models: Zebrafish, Medaka, And Xiphophorus, Huiping Yang, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Aquarium fishes are becoming increasingly important because of their value in biomedical research and the ornamental fish trade, and because many have become threatened or endangered in the wild. This review summarizes the current status of sperm cryopreservation in three fishes widely used in biomedical research: zebrafish, medaka, and live-bearing fishes of the genus Xiphophorus, and will focus on the needs and opportunities for future research and application of cryopreservation in aquarium fish. First, we summarize the basic biological characteristics regarding natural habitat, testis structure, spermatogenesis, sperm morphology, and sperm physiology. Second, we compare protocol development of sperm cryopreservation. Third, …

Developing A Food Exchange List For Middle Eastern Appetisers And Desserts Commonly Consumed In Jordan, Hiba A. Bawadi, Naseem M. Al-Shwaiyat, Reema F. Tayyem, Rania Mekary, Georgianna Tuuri

Faculty Publications

Aim: The present study was conducted to develop a meal-planning exchange list for Middle Eastern foods commonly included in the Jordanian cuisine. Methods: Forty types of appetisers and another 40 types of desserts were selected, with five different recipes for each item. Recipes were collected from different housewives and Arabic cookbooks. Ingredients' weight and dish net weight were recorded based on an average recipe, and dishes were prepared accordingly. Dishes were proximately analysed following the Association of Official Analytical Chemists procedures. Proximate analysis was compared with the World Health Organisation Food Composition Tables for the Use in the Middle East, …

Habitat Edges, Within-Patch Dispersion Of Hosts, And Parasitoid Oviposition Behavior, James T. Cronin

Faculty Publications

Although density-edge effects are commonly reported, we have only scratched the surface in understanding the mechanisms underlying how habitat edges mediate species interactions. Here, I use a combination of field surveys and experiments to explore the linkages between the presence of host-plant edges (Scolochloa festucacea), the within-patch distribution of planthopper eggs (Delphacodes scolochloa), and the oviposition behavior of their egg parasitoids (Anagrus spp.). The field surveys revealed that densities of hosts and parasitoids at the edge were ≥2.5 times lower than densities in the patch interior and that the effect was independent of patch size. As a consequence of its …

Integrating Horticulture Biology And Environmental Coastal Issues Into The Middle School Science Curriculum, Kathryn Karsh, Edward Bush, Janice Hinson, Pamela Blanchard

Faculty Publications

Encouraging students to become better stewards of the environment and to be more educated in science content knowledge is an important goal of today's educational leaders. Eight lessons were created to aid an established stewardship program (Coastal Roots) in introducing hands-on activities to middle school children in southern Louisiana. Students were tested on science content in the lessons using a pre-test, eight multiple choice quizzes (each focusing on a particular lesson), and a post-test. The "children's attitudes toward the environment scale" test was administered to evaluate environmental awareness changes in the treatment and control group students. Students who received the …

Information In Isolation: Gossip And Rumor During The Uk 2001 Foot And Mouth Crisis – Lessons Learned, Christine Hagar

Faculty Publications

The 2001 foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreak con stituted the biggest crisis ever to affect the UK farming system; it was one of the worst epidemics of its kind in the world. Farmers and rural communities were disrupted and traumatized as FMD spread rapidly through the whole of the country. The crisis unfolded as a series of information and communication problems, primarily from government to farmers, with consequences for action in a time of crisis. Farmers needed information at the different stages of the crisis to inform them about the various processes and procedures that had to be carried …

No Way Out? The Question Of Unilateral Withdrawals Of Referrals To The Icc And Other Human Rights Courts, Michael P. Scharf, Patrick Dowd

Faculty Publications

Growing out of the authors' work for the International Criminal Court, which was sponsored by a grant from the Open Society Institute, No Way Out examines one of the most vexing legal questions facing the International Criminal Court - whether a State that has referred a case to the Court can subsequently withdraw its referral as part of a domestic peace agreement? The issue has arisen with respect to Uganda's interest in withdrawing its self-referral as part of a peace deal with the leaders of the Lord's Resistance Army. This article examines the Rome Statute, the drafting history, and the …

Preliminary Report On The Tall Jalul 2007 Season: Field A, Paul Z. Gregor, Helena Gregor

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Glimpse Into Simulation And Critical Thinking: A Pilot Study Comparing Utah And Ecuador, Katrina Duncan, Patricia K. Ravert

Faculty Publications

Classroom learning is practiced and applied through simulation, which can help develop critical thinking and clinical judgment skills imperative in clinical settings for both students and new nurse graduates. Simulation is well developed in the United States but is in early stages of use and development in South America.

Pro Bono: Assessing Aims And Achievement, Lisa A. Kloppenberg, Lori E. Shaw

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ethical Challenges And Opportunities At The Edge: Incorporating Spirituality And Religion Into Psychotherapy, John C. Gonsiorek, P. Scott Richards, Kenneth I. Pargament, Mark R. Mcminn

Faculty Publications

Incorporating spirituality and religion into psychotherapy has been controversial, but recent contri- butions have argued the importance and provided foundations for doing so. Discussions of ethical challenges in this process are emerging, and this contribution discusses several preliminary issues, relying on the Resolution on Religious, Religion-Based and/or Religion-Derived Prejudice adopted by the American Psychological Association in 2007, as guidance when used with the American Psychological Association’s (2002) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. Specifically, this discussion of preliminary challenges addresses competence, bias, maintaining traditions and standards of psychology, and integrity in labeling services for reimbursement. Commentators deepen the …

Voice For The Voiceless: The Case For Adopting The "Domestic Abuse Syndrome" For Self Defense Purposes For All Victims Of Domestic Violence Who Kill Their Abusers, Nancy A. Wright

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Water As A Public Good: The Status Of Water Under The General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade, Bryant W. Smith

Faculty Publications

Is water a "product" subject to the World Trade Organization (WTO)’s General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)? I argue that it is not, because the established, widespread, and consistent assertion by states of public ownership over their water resources through both municipal and international law (the "public-ownership consensus") precludes any reading of GATT that would fundamentally alter the unique status of those resources. My reasoning therefore differs from that of others who have addressed this issue in that I first examine the broader legal context in which the WTO exists and then consider how that context compels an interpretation …

A Single Theory Of Limited Liability Companies: An Evolutionary Analysis, Thomas Geu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The New Uniform Limited Cooperative Association Act: A Capital Idea For Principled Self-Help Value Added Firms, Community-Based Economic Development, And Low-Profit Joint Ventures, Thomas Geu, James Dean

Faculty Publications

In this Article, the authors, reporters for the newly adopted Uniform Limited Cooperative Association Act, discuss extensively the new uniform act. The authors survey the uniform act's various features. The Article serves as a thorough guide to the limited cooperative association, outlining the various considerations that go into creating this business entity, including creation, taxation, allocation of profits and losses, dissociation, winding-up, and dissolution.

Simulation Of Reduction Of Cr(Vi) By Fe(Ii) Produced Electrochemically In A Parallel-Plate Electrochemical Reactor, Sean Rayman, Ralph E. White

Faculty Publications

A model is presented for the reduction of hexavalent chromium in a parallel-plate electrochemical reactor via a homogenous reaction between Cr(VI) and Fe(II) generated at the iron anode. The effects of the space velocity of the feed solution, the concentration of supporting electrolyte, the distance between the electrodes, and the cell potential on conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), are discussed. This study indicates that for reduction of Cr(VI) using Fe(II), the space velocity must be maintained below 0.02s⁻¹ or the system becomes limited by the rate of reduction of Cr(VI) by Fe(II). Increasing the current density by increasing the …

Informe Técnico Final Del Trabajo De Campo Del Proyecto De Investigación Arqueológica Caylán (Temporada 2009), David Chicoine, Hugo Ikehara

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Genetic Variation For Carcass Quality Traits In Cultured Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax), Eric A. Saillant, Mathilde Dupont-Nivet, Marie Sabourault, Pierrick Haffray, Stanislas Laureau, Marie-Odile Vidal, Béatrice Chatain

Faculty Publications

Genetic parameters for carcass quality traits were estimated in 27 families of sea bass (3 dams x 9 sires factorial mating design), raised mixed in the same tanks starting before hatching. O. spring parentage was determined a posteriori using 6 microsatellite loci. Carcass quality traits were recorded at 818 days post fertilization (mean standard length: 32.6 +/- 3.1 cm). Genetic parameters were estimated from the sire half sib variance and covariance components. Heritability of body weight (BW) and carcass processing traits (standardized to body weight) percent head weight (Head%), percent viscera weight (Viscera%) and percent visceral fat weight (VisceFat%) were …

Variation Of Morphology And Elemental Concentrations In The California Nickel Hyperaccumulator Streptanthus Polygaloides (Brassicaceae), Robert S. Boyd, Michael A. Wall, Scott R. Santos, Michael A. Davis

Faculty Publications

The Ni hyperaccumulator Strepthanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae) is one of a handful of Ni hyperaccumulators known from continental North America. Surveys have revealed four distinctive morphs of this species, relying primarily on floral traits (sepal color and shape): a purple sepal morph (P), a yellow sepal morph (Y), a morph in which sepals start yellow and mature to purple (Y/P), and a morph with light yellow undulate sepals (U). In this study, we raised plants from ten populations (five Y, three P, one Y/P, and one U) under uniform greenhouse conditions to determine if morphs varied in morphology and elemental concentrations …

A Review Of Poetry And Ecology In The Age Of Milton And Marvell By Diane Kelsey Mccolley, Nicolle M. Jordan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Nonpoint Source Pollution, Lu Lin, Zhi Qiang Deng, Daniel Dianchen Gang

Faculty Publications

A critical review of the peer-reviewed literature published in 2008 on topics related to nonpoint source pollution (NPS) is presented. This review is divided into three sections: sources of NPS pollution, modeling of NPS pollution, and NPS control strategies. Copyright © 2009 Water Environment Federation.

The Metal Chelators, Trientine And Citrate, Inhibit The Development Of Cardiac Pathology In The Zucker Diabetic Rat, John W. Baynes, David B. Murray

Faculty Publications

Purpose. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of dietary supplementation with the metal chelators, trientine or citric acid, in preventing the development of cardiomyopathy in the Zucker diabetic rat.

Hypothesis. We hypothesized that dietary chelators would attenuate metal-catalyzed oxidative stress and damage in tissues and protect against pathological changes in ventricular structure and function in type II diabetes.

Methods. Animals (10 weeks old) included lean control (LC, fa/+), untreated Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF, fa/fa), and ZDF rats treated with either trientine (triethylenetetramine) or citrate at 20 mg/d in drinking water, starting …

Figuring Foreseeability, David Owen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.