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A Genome Wide Survey Of Snp Variation Reveals The Genetic Structure Of Sheep Breeds, James W. Kijas, David Townley, Brian P. Dalrymple, Michael P. Heaton, Jillian F. Maddox, Annette Mcgrath, Peter Wilson, Roxann G. Ingersoll, Russell Mcculloch, Sean Mcwilliam, Dave Tang, John Mcewan, Noelle Cockett, V. Hutton Oddy, Frank W. Nicholas, Herman Raadsma, Wes Barris, Steve C. Bishop, David Coltman, Allan Crawford, André Eggen, Georg Erhardt, Robert Forage, Olivier Hanotte, Peter Hunt, Han Jianlin, Kui Li, Paolo Ajmone Marsan, James E. Miller, Josephine Pemberton, Laurent Schibler Mar 2009

A Genome Wide Survey Of Snp Variation Reveals The Genetic Structure Of Sheep Breeds, James W. Kijas, David Townley, Brian P. Dalrymple, Michael P. Heaton, Jillian F. Maddox, Annette Mcgrath, Peter Wilson, Roxann G. Ingersoll, Russell Mcculloch, Sean Mcwilliam, Dave Tang, John Mcewan, Noelle Cockett, V. Hutton Oddy, Frank W. Nicholas, Herman Raadsma, Wes Barris, Steve C. Bishop, David Coltman, Allan Crawford, André Eggen, Georg Erhardt, Robert Forage, Olivier Hanotte, Peter Hunt, Han Jianlin, Kui Li, Paolo Ajmone Marsan, James E. Miller, Josephine Pemberton, Laurent Schibler

Faculty Publications

The genetic structure of sheep reflects their domestication and subsequent formation into discrete breeds. Understanding genetic structure is essential for achieving genetic improvement through genome-wide association studies, genomic selection and the dissection of quantitative traits. After identifying the first genome-wide set of SNP for sheep, we report on levels of genetic variability both within and between a diverse sample of ovine populations. Then, using cluster analysis and the partitioning of genetic variation, we demonstrate sheep are characterised by weak phylogeographic structure, overlapping genetic similarity and generally low differentiation which is consistent with their short evolutionary history. The degree of population …

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Growth-Regulated Expression Of A Bacteriocin, Produced By The Sweet Potato Pathogen Streptomyces Ipomoeae, That Exhibits Interstrain Inhibition, Jing Wang, Kevin L. Schultyp, Gregg S. Pettis Mar 2009

Growth-Regulated Expression Of A Bacteriocin, Produced By The Sweet Potato Pathogen Streptomyces Ipomoeae, That Exhibits Interstrain Inhibition, Jing Wang, Kevin L. Schultyp, Gregg S. Pettis

Faculty Publications

Certain strains of the bacterial sweet potato pathogen Streptomyces ipomoeae produce the bacteriocin ipomicin, which inhibits other sensitive strains of the same species. Within the signal-sequence-encoding portion of the ipomicin structural gene ipoA exists a single rare TTA codon, which is recognized in Streptomyces bacteria by the temporally accumulating bldA leucyl tRNA. In this study, ipomicin was shown to stably accumulate in culture supernatants of 5. ipomoeae in a growth-regulated manner that did not coincide with the pattern of ipoA expression. Similar growth-regulated production of ipomicin in Streptomyces coelicolor containing the cloned ipoA gene was found to be directly dependent …

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Salivary Gland Thrombostasin Isoforms Differentially Regulate Blood Uptake Of Horn Flies Fed On New Zealand White Rabbits, Mary S. Cupp, Eddie W. Cupp, Dunhua Zhang, Xin Yue, Latora Todd, Victor Panangala, Christine Navarre, Elizabeth Whitley Mar 2009

Salivary Gland Thrombostasin Isoforms Differentially Regulate Blood Uptake Of Horn Flies Fed On New Zealand White Rabbits, Mary S. Cupp, Eddie W. Cupp, Dunhua Zhang, Xin Yue, Latora Todd, Victor Panangala, Christine Navarre, Elizabeth Whitley

Faculty Publications

Thrombostasin (TS) is a previously characterized anticlotting protein with multiple isoforms found in the saliva of horn flies. In this report, the effect of TS isoforms on blood feeding was assessed using individual flies that carried corresponding ts allelles. Laboratory studies of horn fly blood feeding were conducted using colony-reared flies fed on New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. After timed 20-min feeding periods, each fly was characterized for gender, blood volume uptake, and ts genotype. The results showed that mean blood volumes obtained by individual flies were not related to fly gender but were correlated to the ts genotype(s) carried …

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Salivary Gland Thrombostasin Isoforms Differentially Regulate Blood Uptake Of Horn Flies Fed On New Zealand White Rabbits, Mary S. Cupp, Eddie W. Cupp, Dunhua Zhang, Xin Yue, Latora Todd, Victor Panangala, Christine Navarre, Elizabeth Whitley Mar 2009

Salivary Gland Thrombostasin Isoforms Differentially Regulate Blood Uptake Of Horn Flies Fed On New Zealand White Rabbits, Mary S. Cupp, Eddie W. Cupp, Dunhua Zhang, Xin Yue, Latora Todd, Victor Panangala, Christine Navarre, Elizabeth Whitley

Faculty Publications

Thrombostasin (TS) is a previously characterized anticlotting protein with multiple isoforms found in the saliva of horn flies. In this report, the effect of TS isoforms on blood feeding was assessed using individual flies that carried corresponding ts allelles. Laboratory studies of horn fly blood feeding were conducted using colony-reared flies fed on New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. After timed 20-min feeding periods, each fly was characterized for gender, blood volume uptake, and ts genotype. The results showed that mean blood volumes obtained by individual flies were not related to fly gender but were correlated to the ts genotype(s) carried …

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Microarray Analysis Of Femaleand Larval-Specific Gene Expression In The Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae), Felix D. Guerrero, Scot E. Dowd, Yan Sun, Leonel Saldivar, Graham B. Wiley, Simone L. Macmil, Fares Najar, Bruce A. Roe, Lane D. Foil Mar 2009

Microarray Analysis Of Femaleand Larval-Specific Gene Expression In The Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae), Felix D. Guerrero, Scot E. Dowd, Yan Sun, Leonel Saldivar, Graham B. Wiley, Simone L. Macmil, Fares Najar, Bruce A. Roe, Lane D. Foil

Faculty Publications

The horn My, Haematobia irritans L., is an obligate blood-feeding parasite of cattle, and control of this pest is a continuing problem because the fly is becoming resistant to pesticides. Dominant conditional lethal gene systems are being studied as population control technologies against agricultural pests. One of the components of these systems is a female-specific gene promoter that drives expression of a lethality-inducing gene. To identify candidate genes to supply this promoter, microarrays were designed from a horn fly expressed sequence tag (EST) database and probed to identify female-specific and larval-specific gene expression. Analysis of dye swap experiments found 432 …

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Reduced Adipose Tissue Oxygenation In Human Obesity Evidence For Rarefaction, Macrophage Chemotaxis, And Inflammation Without An Angiogenic Response, Magdalena Pasarica, Olga R. Sereda, Leanne M. Redman, Diana C. Albarado, David T. Hymel, Laura E. Roan, Jennifer C. Rood, David H. Burk, Steven R. Smith Mar 2009

Reduced Adipose Tissue Oxygenation In Human Obesity Evidence For Rarefaction, Macrophage Chemotaxis, And Inflammation Without An Angiogenic Response, Magdalena Pasarica, Olga R. Sereda, Leanne M. Redman, Diana C. Albarado, David T. Hymel, Laura E. Roan, Jennifer C. Rood, David H. Burk, Steven R. Smith

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE-Based on rodent studies, we examined the hypothesis that increased adipose tissue (AT) mass in obesity without an adequate support of vascularization might lead to hypoxia, macrophage infiltration, and inflammation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Oxygen partial pressure (AT pO 2) and AT temperature in abdominal AT (9 lean and 12 overweight/obese men and women) was measured by direct insertion of a polarographic Clark electrode. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Abdominal subcutaneous tissue was used for staining, quantitative RT-PCR, and chemokine secretion assay. RESULTS-AT pO 2 was lower in overweight/obese subjects …

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Breeding And Non-Breeding Survival Of Lesser Prairie-Chickens Tympanuchus Pallidicinctus In Texas, Usa, Eddie K. Lyons, Bret A. Collier, Nova J. Silvy, Roel R. Lopez, Benjamin E. Toole, Ryan S. Jones, Stephen J. Demaso Mar 2009

Breeding And Non-Breeding Survival Of Lesser Prairie-Chickens Tympanuchus Pallidicinctus In Texas, Usa, Eddie K. Lyons, Bret A. Collier, Nova J. Silvy, Roel R. Lopez, Benjamin E. Toole, Ryan S. Jones, Stephen J. Demaso

Faculty Publications

Lesser prairie-chickens Tympanuchus pallidicinctus have declined throughout their range because of loss or fragmen-tation of habitat from conversion of native prairie to agricultural cropland, exacerbated by overgrazing and drought. We used data from radio-marked lesser prairie-chickens to determine whether differences in survival ex-isted between populations occurring in two areas dominated by different vegetation types (sand sagebrush Artemisia filifolia vs shinnery oak Quercus havardii) in the Texas Panhandle from 2001 through 2005. We used a model-selec-tion approach to evaluate potential generalities in lesser prairie-chicken survival. Our results indicated that survival of lesser prairie-chickens differed between breeding and non-breeding periods, and between …

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Network Security Using Self Organized Multi-Agent Swarms, Eric M. Holloway, Gary B. Lamont, Gilbert L. Peterson Mar 2009

Network Security Using Self Organized Multi-Agent Swarms, Eric M. Holloway, Gary B. Lamont, Gilbert L. Peterson

Faculty Publications

Computer network cyber-security is a very serious concern in many commercial, industrial, and military environments. This paper proposes a new computer network security approach defined by self organized agent swarms (SOMAS) which provides a novel computer network security management framework based upon desired overall system behaviors. The SOMAS structure evolves based upon the partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) formal model and the more complex interactive-POMDP and decentralized-POMDP models. Example swarm specific and network based behaviors are formalized and simulated. This paper illustrates through various statistical testing techniques, the significance of this proposed SOMAS architecture.

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Historical Account Of The Two Family-Group Names In Use For The Single Accepted Family Comprising The "Fish Blood Flukes", Stephen A. Bullard, Kirsten Jensen, Robin M. Overstreet Mar 2009

Historical Account Of The Two Family-Group Names In Use For The Single Accepted Family Comprising The "Fish Blood Flukes", Stephen A. Bullard, Kirsten Jensen, Robin M. Overstreet

Faculty Publications

The family-group name for the "fish blood flukes" is unstable, with both "Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912" and "Sanguinicolidae von Graff, 1907 "in use for the single family. Although "Sanguinicolidae von Graff, 1907" (or "Graff, 1907") has been a widely-accepted family-group name for the fish blood flukes subsequent to Yamaguti's 1954 and 1958 synoptical publications ("Systema Helminthum"), a critical examination of the relevant literature, much of it published in German during 1900 through 1926, reveals that "Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912" is the earliest available family-group name for these flukes. The name Aporocotylidae, moreover, was in wide usage by alpha taxonomists before 1954 and …

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Argument Structure Effects In Action Verb Naming In Static And Dynamic Conditions, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Steve Fix, Todd B. Parrish, Cynthia K. Thompson Mar 2009

Argument Structure Effects In Action Verb Naming In Static And Dynamic Conditions, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Steve Fix, Todd B. Parrish, Cynthia K. Thompson

Faculty Publications

Argument structure, as in the participant roles entailed within the lexical representation of verbs, affects verb processing. Recent neuroimaging studies show that when verbs are heard or read, the posterior temporoparietal region shows increased activation for verbs with greater versus lesser argument structure complexity, usually bilaterally. In addition, patients with agrammatic aphasia show verb production deficits, graded based on argument structure complexity. In the present study, we used fMRI to examine the neural correlates of verb production in overt action naming conditions. In addition, we tested the differential effects of naming when verbs were presented dynamically in video segments versus …

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From Cells To Coastlines: How Can We Use Physiology To Forecast The Impacts Of Climate Change?, Brian Helmuth Mar 2009

From Cells To Coastlines: How Can We Use Physiology To Forecast The Impacts Of Climate Change?, Brian Helmuth

Faculty Publications

The interdisciplinary fields of conservation physiology, macrophysiology, and mechanistic ecological forecasting have recently emerged as means of integrating detailed physiological responses to the broader questions of ecological and evolutionary responses to global climate change. Bridging the gap between large-scale records of weather and climate (as measured by remote sensing platforms, buoys and ground-based weather stations) and the physical world as experienced by organisms (niche-level measurements) requires a mechanistic understanding of how ‘environmental signals’ (parameters such as air, surface and water temperature, food availability, water flow) are translated into signals at the scale of the organism or cell (e.g. body temperature, …

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Biosynthesis Of The Caenorhabditis Elegans Dauer Pheromone, Rebecca A. Butcher, Justin R. Ragains, Weiqing Li, Gary Ruvkun, Jon Clardy, Yi Mak Ho Feb 2009

Biosynthesis Of The Caenorhabditis Elegans Dauer Pheromone, Rebecca A. Butcher, Justin R. Ragains, Weiqing Li, Gary Ruvkun, Jon Clardy, Yi Mak Ho

Faculty Publications

To sense its population density and to trigger entry into the stress-resistant dauer larval stage, Caenorhabditis elegans uses the dauer pheromone, which consists of ascaroside derivatives with short, fatty acid-like side chains. Although the dauer pheromone has been studied for 25 years, its biosynthesis is completely uncharacterized. The daf-22 mutant is the only known mutant defective in dauer pheromone production. Here, we show that daf-22 encodes a homolog of human sterol carrier protein SCPx, which catalyzes the final step in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation. We also show that dhs-28, which encodes a homolog of the human D-bifunctional protein that acts …

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Desiccation Survival In An Antarctic Nematode: Molecular Analysis Using Expressed Sequenced Tags, Byron J. Adams, Bishwo N. Adhikari, Diana H. Wall Feb 2009

Desiccation Survival In An Antarctic Nematode: Molecular Analysis Using Expressed Sequenced Tags, Byron J. Adams, Bishwo N. Adhikari, Diana H. Wall

Faculty Publications

Background: Nematodes are the dominant soil animals in Antarctic Dry Valleys and are capable of surviving desiccation and freezing in an anhydrobiotic state. Genes induced by desiccation stress have been successfully enumerated in nematodes; however we have little knowledge of gene regulation by Antarctic nematodes which can survive multiple environmental stresses. To address this problem we investigated the genetic responses of a nematode species, Plectus murrayi, that is capable of tolerating Antarctic environmental extremes, in particular desiccation and freezing. In this study, we provide the first insight into the desiccation induced transcriptome of an Antarctic nematode through cDNA library construction …

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Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based West Nile Vaccine Elicits Strong Humoral And Cellular Immune Responses And Protects Mice Against Lethal Challenge With The Virulent West Nile Virus Strain Lsu-Ar01, Arun V. Iyer, Bapi Pahar, Marc J. Boudreaux, Nobuko Wakamatsu, Alma F. Roy, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Abolghasem Baghian, Cristian Apetrei, Preston A. Marx, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Feb 2009

Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based West Nile Vaccine Elicits Strong Humoral And Cellular Immune Responses And Protects Mice Against Lethal Challenge With The Virulent West Nile Virus Strain Lsu-Ar01, Arun V. Iyer, Bapi Pahar, Marc J. Boudreaux, Nobuko Wakamatsu, Alma F. Roy, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Abolghasem Baghian, Cristian Apetrei, Preston A. Marx, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been extensively utilized as a viral vector system for the induction of protective immune responses against a variety of pathogens. We constructed recombinant VSVs specifying either the Indiana or Chandipura virus G glycoprotein and expressing the West Nile virus (WNV) envelope (E) glycoprotein. Mice were intranasally vaccinated using a prime (Indiana)-boost (Chandipura) immunization approach and challenged with the virulent WNV-LSU-AR01. Ninety-percent (9 of 10) of the vaccinated mice survived as compared to 10% of the mock-vaccinated mice after WNV lethal challenge. Histopathological examination of brain tissues revealed neuronal necrosis in mock-vaccinated mice but not in …

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An Rig-I-Like Rna Helicase Mediates Antiviral Rnai Downstream Of Viral Sirna Biogenesis In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Rui Lu, Erbay Yigit, Wan Xiang Li, Shou Wei Ding Feb 2009

An Rig-I-Like Rna Helicase Mediates Antiviral Rnai Downstream Of Viral Sirna Biogenesis In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Rui Lu, Erbay Yigit, Wan Xiang Li, Shou Wei Ding

Faculty Publications

Dicer ribonucleases of plants and invertebrate animals including Caenorhabditis elegans recognize and process a viral RNA trigger into virus-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to guide specific viral immunity by Argonaute-dependent RNA interference (RNAi). C. elegans also encodes three Dicer-related helicase (drh) genes closely related to the RIG-I-like RNA helicase receptors which initiate broad-spectrum innate immunity against RNA viruses in mammals. Here we developed a transgenic C. elegans strain that expressed intense green fluorescence from a chromosomally integrated flock house virus replicon only after knockdown or knockout of a gene required for antiviral RNAi. Use of the reporter nematode strain in …

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Response Of Melittia Oedipus (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) To Visual Cues Is Increased By The Presence Of Food Source, G. V.P. Reddy, Z. T. Cruz, N. Braganza, R. Muniappan Feb 2009

Response Of Melittia Oedipus (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) To Visual Cues Is Increased By The Presence Of Food Source, G. V.P. Reddy, Z. T. Cruz, N. Braganza, R. Muniappan

Faculty Publications

Visual and olfactory cues were shown to mediate short-distance orientation to different colors in the presence and in the absence of food in Melittia oedipus Oberthür (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), a biological control agent of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Violales: Cucurbitaceae). Yellow was the color most preferred by M. oedipus, and adults landed significantly more on yellow paper moistened with honey-water. The next preferred colors were gray and white with the identical food source. Colors such as red, blue, green, brown, and black were least preferred by M. oedipus and attracted the adults on par with each other. The M. oedipus landings …

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Biophysics Of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Sperm, M. Hagedorn, J. Ricker, M. Mccarthy, S. A. Meyers, T. R. Tiersch, Z. M. Varga, F. W. Kleinhans Feb 2009

Biophysics Of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Sperm, M. Hagedorn, J. Ricker, M. Mccarthy, S. A. Meyers, T. R. Tiersch, Z. M. Varga, F. W. Kleinhans

Faculty Publications

In the past two decades, laboratories around the world have produced thousands of mutant, transgenic, and wild-type zebrafish lines for biomedical research. Although slow-freezing cryopreservation of zebrafish sperm has been available for 30 years, current protocols lack standardization and yield inconsistent post-thaw fertilization rates. Cell cryopreservation cannot be improved without basic physiological knowledge, which was lacking for zebrafish sperm. The first goal was to define basic cryobiological values for wild-type zebrafish sperm and to evaluate how modern physiological methods could aid in developing improved cryopreservation protocols. Coulter counting methods measured an osmotically inactive water fraction (Vb) of 0.37 ± 0.02 …

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Self-Reported Physical Activity Improves Prediction Of Body Fatness In Young Adults, M. Zanovec, Lisa G. Johnson, Brian D. Marx, Michael J. Keenan, G. Tuuri Feb 2009

Self-Reported Physical Activity Improves Prediction Of Body Fatness In Young Adults, M. Zanovec, Lisa G. Johnson, Brian D. Marx, Michael J. Keenan, G. Tuuri

Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: To examine self-reported physical activity levels from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) as an independent predictor of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured percent body fat (%BF) from body mass index (BMI), gender, and race. METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-eight students, aged 18-24 yr, volunteered to participate. There were 133 males (85 white and 48 black) and 145 females (77 white and 68 black). Total activity levels were quantified in MET hours per week (MET-h•wk -1) using the IPAQ short form. Height and weight were measured, and BMI values were calculated (kg•m -2). %BF was assessed using DXA. Linear regression …

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Of Trolls, Davids, Goliaths, And Kings: Narratives And Evidence In The Litigation Of High-Tech Patents, Colleen V. Chien Feb 2009

Of Trolls, Davids, Goliaths, And Kings: Narratives And Evidence In The Litigation Of High-Tech Patents, Colleen V. Chien

Faculty Publications

While each patent dispute is unique, most fit the profile of one of a limited number of patent litigation stories. A dispute between an independent inventor and a large company, for instance, is often cast in "David v. Goliath" terms. When two large companies fight over patents, in contrast, they are said to be playing the "sport of kings." Some corporations engage in "defensive patenting" in order to deter others from suing them. Patent licensing and enforcement entities who sue have been labeled "trolls." Finally, observers of the patent system call the use of patent litigation to impose or exploit …

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Correlating Threshold Power With Free-Space Bandwidth For Low-Directivity Antennas, Abu T.M. Sayem, Mark G. Douglas, Gernot Schmidt, Ben Petric, Mohammod Ali Feb 2009

Correlating Threshold Power With Free-Space Bandwidth For Low-Directivity Antennas, Abu T.M. Sayem, Mark G. Douglas, Gernot Schmidt, Ben Petric, Mohammod Ali

Faculty Publications

This paper develops a threshold power rationale that can be used to demonstrate inherent compliance for portable wireless devices with specific absorption rate (SAR) limits over the 300-6000-MHz frequency range. This is achieved first by understanding the relationship between basic antenna parameters (bandwidth, operating frequency, and distance to the body) and SAR. From this, an upper limit is determined for the power transmitted by a portable wireless device such that the SAR will not exceed the compliance limit. Based on the presented computational and measured data, an empirical formula is developed for the threshold power as a function of the …

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A Structural Interpretation Of The Effect Of Gc-Content On Efficiency Of Rna Interference, Chi Yu Chan, C Steven Carmack, Dang D. Long, Anil Maliyekkel, Yu Shao, Igor Roninson, Ye Ding Jan 2009

A Structural Interpretation Of The Effect Of Gc-Content On Efficiency Of Rna Interference, Chi Yu Chan, C Steven Carmack, Dang D. Long, Anil Maliyekkel, Yu Shao, Igor Roninson, Ye Ding

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: RNA interference (RNAi) mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) has become a powerful technique for eukaryotic gene knockdown. siRNA GC-content negatively correlates with RNAi efficiency, and it is of interest to have a convincing mechanistic interpretation of this observation. We here examine this issue by considering the secondary structures for both the target messenger RNA (mRNA) and the siRNA guide strand. RESULTS: By analyzing a unique homogeneous data set of 101 shRNAs targeted to 100 endogenous human genes, we find that: 1) target site accessibility is more important than GC-content for efficient RNAi; 2) …

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Dietary Resistant Starch Increases Hypothalamic Pomc Expression In Rats, Li Shen, Michael J. Keenan, Roy J. Martin, Richard T. Tulley, Anne M. Raggio, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Jun Zhou Jan 2009

Dietary Resistant Starch Increases Hypothalamic Pomc Expression In Rats, Li Shen, Michael J. Keenan, Roy J. Martin, Richard T. Tulley, Anne M. Raggio, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Jun Zhou

Faculty Publications

Resistant starch (RS) is fermentable dietary fiber. Inclusion of RS in the diet causes decreased body fat accumulation and altered gut hormone profile. This study investigates the effect of feeding RS on the neuropeptide messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus and whether vagal afferent nerves are involved. The rats were injected intraperitoneally with capsaicin to destroy unmyelinated small vagal afferent nerve fibers. The cholecystokinin (CCK) food suppression test was performed to validate the effectiveness of the capsaicin treatment. Then, capsaicin-treated rats and vehicle-treated rats were subdivided into a control diet or a RS diet …

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Ca2+ Extrusion By Ncx Is Compromised In Olfactory Sensory Neurons Of Omp-/- Mice, Hyun J. Kwon, Jae Hyung Koo, Frank Zufall, Trese Leinders-Zufall, Frank L. Margolis Jan 2009

Ca2+ Extrusion By Ncx Is Compromised In Olfactory Sensory Neurons Of Omp-/- Mice, Hyun J. Kwon, Jae Hyung Koo, Frank Zufall, Trese Leinders-Zufall, Frank L. Margolis

Faculty Publications

Background: The role of olfactory marker protein (OMP), a hallmark of mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), has been poorly understood since its discovery. The electrophysiological and behavioral phenotypes of OMP knockout mice indicated that OMP influences olfactory signal transduction. However, the mechanism by which this occurs remained unknown. Principal Findings: We used intact olfactory epithelium obtained from WT and OMP-/- mice to monitor the Ca2+ dynamics induced by the activation of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, voltage-operated Ca2+ channels, or Ca2+ stores in single dendritic knobs of OSNs. Our data suggested that OMP could act to modulate the Ca2+-homeostasis in these neurons …

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Flow Cytometric And Immunohistochemical Detection Of In Vivo Brdu-Labeled Cells In Mouse Fat Depots, Jaroslaw Staszkiewicz, Jeffrey Gimble, Courtney Cain, Marilyn Dietrich, David Burk, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Barbara Gawronska-Kozak Jan 2009

Flow Cytometric And Immunohistochemical Detection Of In Vivo Brdu-Labeled Cells In Mouse Fat Depots, Jaroslaw Staszkiewicz, Jeffrey Gimble, Courtney Cain, Marilyn Dietrich, David Burk, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Barbara Gawronska-Kozak

Faculty Publications

This study has determined the natural frequency and localization of progenitor/stem cells within fat depots in situ based on their ability to retain DNA nucleotide label (BrdU). Neonate and mature male C57BL6/J mice were injected intraperitoneally with BrdU- and label-retaining cells (LRC) were quantified in fat depots by immunohistochemical, immunofluorescent, and flow cytometric methods. In neonates, LRC constituted 27% of the cells in inguinal fat (iWAT) and 65% in interscapular brown fat (BAT) after Day 10 and 26% of the cells in epididymal fat (eWAT) after Day 28. After 52 days, the LRC accounted for 0.72% of iWAT, 0.53% of …

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Longitudinal Changes In Global Brain Volume Between 79 And 409 Days After Traumatic Brain Injury: Relationship With Duration Of Coma, Mehul A. Trivedi, Michael A. Ward, Timothy M. Hess, Shawn D. Gale, Robert J. Dempsey, Howard A. Rowley, Sterling C. Johnson Jan 2009

Longitudinal Changes In Global Brain Volume Between 79 And 409 Days After Traumatic Brain Injury: Relationship With Duration Of Coma, Mehul A. Trivedi, Michael A. Ward, Timothy M. Hess, Shawn D. Gale, Robert J. Dempsey, Howard A. Rowley, Sterling C. Johnson

Faculty Publications

Neuropathological and experimental animal studies indicate that traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in long-term, neurodegenerative changes. Structural image evaluation using normalization of atrophy (SIENA) offers an automated analysis of the subtle changes in percent brain volume change (%BVC) associated with TBI. In the present study, SIENA was used to evaluate %BVC in individuals who had sustained a mild to severe TBI. We obtained 3D-T1 weighted anatomical MRI scans approximately 79 days and again 409 days post-injury. TBI patients (n= 37) displayed significantly greater decline in %BVC (-1.43%) relative to a normal comparison group (+ 0.1%, n=30). Greater %BVC was associated …

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Health Effects Of Vegan Diets, Winston J. Craig Jan 2009

Health Effects Of Vegan Diets, Winston J. Craig

Faculty Publications

Recently, vegetarian diets have experienced an increase in popularity. Avegetarian diet is associated with many health benefits because of its higher content of fiber, folic acid, vitamins C and E, potassium, magnesium, and many phytochemicals and a fat content that is more unsaturated. Compared with other vegetarian diets, vegan diets tend to contain less saturated fat and cholesterol and more dietary fiber. Vegans tend to be thinner, have lower serum cholesterol, and lower blood pressure, reducing their risk of heart disease. However, eliminating all animal products from the diet increases the risk of certain nutritional deficiencies. Micronutrients of special concern …

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Psalm 2, Psalm 8, Psalm 17, Psalm 23, Psalm 90, And Psalm 100., Rolf A. Jacobson Jan 2009

Psalm 2, Psalm 8, Psalm 17, Psalm 23, Psalm 90, And Psalm 100., Rolf A. Jacobson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Tolerance, Democracy And Fundamentalism(S) : Challenges In Time Of Systemic Bifurcations, Guillermo C. Hansen Jan 2009

Tolerance, Democracy And Fundamentalism(S) : Challenges In Time Of Systemic Bifurcations, Guillermo C. Hansen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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When Is Housing An Environmental Problem?, Arjun Guneratne Jan 2009

When Is Housing An Environmental Problem?, Arjun Guneratne

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Revelation's Visionary Challenge To Ordinary Empire, Craig R. Koester Jan 2009

Revelation's Visionary Challenge To Ordinary Empire, Craig R. Koester

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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