Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Series

2010

Keyword

Articles 1 - 30 of 148

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Dynamic Line-By-Line Pulse Shaping With Ghz Update Rate, M. Akbulut, S. Bhooplapur, I. Ozdur, J. Davila-Rodriquez, P. J. Delfyett Jan 2010

Dynamic Line-By-Line Pulse Shaping With Ghz Update Rate, M. Akbulut, S. Bhooplapur, I. Ozdur, J. Davila-Rodriquez, P. J. Delfyett

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We introduce a novel scheme for dynamic line-by-line pulse shaping with GHz update rates. Four lines of an optical frequency comb source are used to injection-lock four individual VCSEL, which are subsequently electrically modulated at 0.4 to 1GHz through current modulation. This concept could be considered a completely new way of pulse shaping as the light is not simply modified, but rather regenerated with the desired properties. We also discuss an important drawback of line-by-line pulse shapers that ultimately limits the modulation speed capability.

Go to article

Impact Of Spatial Resolution On Wind Field Derived Estimates Of Air Pressure Depression In The Hurricane Eye, Ruba Amarin, Christopher Ruf, Linwood Jones Jan 2010

Impact Of Spatial Resolution On Wind Field Derived Estimates Of Air Pressure Depression In The Hurricane Eye, Ruba Amarin, Christopher Ruf, Linwood Jones

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Measurements of the near surface horizontal wind field in a hurricane with spatial resolution of order 1-10 km are possible using airborne microwave radiometer imagers. An assessment is made of the information content of the measured winds as a function of the spatial resolution of the imager. An existing algorithm is used which estimates the maximum surface air pressure depression in the hurricane eye from the maximum wind speed. High resolution numerical model wind fields from Hurricane Frances 2004 are convolved with various HIRAD antenna spatial filters to observe the impact of the antenna design on the central pressure depression …

Go to article

Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Crystalline Nanoribbon Network For Organic Field Effect Transistors, M. Arif, Jianhua Liu, Lei Zhai, Saiful I. Khondaker Jan 2010

Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Crystalline Nanoribbon Network For Organic Field Effect Transistors, M. Arif, Jianhua Liu, Lei Zhai, Saiful I. Khondaker

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We report on the fabrication of crystalline nanoribbon network field effect transistors (FETs) using low molecular weight (M(W)) poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with different surface treatments and compare with thin film FETs cast from the same M(W) regioregular P3HT. Nanoribbon FET shows improved performance with a maximum mobility of 0.012 cm(2)/V s and current on/off ratios of 6.5x10(4) due to unique crystalline structure and morphology. With various surface treatments, the nanoribbon FETs show less variation in device mobilities, while thin film FETs show more than ten times variation in device mobilities and up to 100 times change in current on/off ratios.

Go to article

Sexual Signal Evolution Outpaces Ecological Divergence During Electric Fish Species Radiation, Matthew E. Arnegard, Peter B. Mcintyre, Luke J. Harmon, Miriam L. Zelditch, William G. R. Crampton, Justin K. Davis, John P. Sullivan, Sébastien Lavoué, Carl D. Hopkins Jan 2010

Sexual Signal Evolution Outpaces Ecological Divergence During Electric Fish Species Radiation, Matthew E. Arnegard, Peter B. Mcintyre, Luke J. Harmon, Miriam L. Zelditch, William G. R. Crampton, Justin K. Davis, John P. Sullivan, Sébastien Lavoué, Carl D. Hopkins

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Natural selection arising from resource competition and environmental heterogeneity can drive adaptive radiation. Ecological opportunity facilitates this process, resulting in rapid divergence of ecological traits in many celebrated radiations. In other cases, sexual selection is thought to fuel divergence in mating signals ahead of ecological divergence. Comparing divergence rates between naturally and sexually selected traits can offer insights into processes underlying species radiations, but to date such comparisons have been largely qualitative. Here, we quantitatively compare divergence rates for four traits in African mormyrid fishes, which use an electrical communication system with few extrinsic constraints on divergence. We demonstrate rapid …

Go to article

Graphene-Like Silicon Nanoribbons On Ag(110): A Possible Formation Of Silicene, Bernard Aufray, Abdelkader Kara, Sébastien Vizzini, Hamid Oughaddou, Christel Léandri, Benedicte Ealet, Guy Le Lay Jan 2010

Graphene-Like Silicon Nanoribbons On Ag(110): A Possible Formation Of Silicene, Bernard Aufray, Abdelkader Kara, Sébastien Vizzini, Hamid Oughaddou, Christel Léandri, Benedicte Ealet, Guy Le Lay

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were used to study the self-aligned silicon nanoribbons on Ag(110) with honeycomb, graphene-like structure. The silicon honeycombs structure on top of the silver substrate is clearly observed by STM, while the DFT calculations confirm that the Si atoms adopt spontaneously this new silicon structure.

Go to article

Potential Energy And Dipole Moment Surfaces Of H-3(-) Molecule, M. Ayouz, R. Guérout, J. Robert, V. Kokoouline Jan 2010

Potential Energy And Dipole Moment Surfaces Of H-3(-) Molecule, M. Ayouz, R. Guérout, J. Robert, V. Kokoouline

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

A new potential energy surface for the electronic ground state of the simplest triatomic anion H-3(-) is determined for a large number of geometries. Its accuracy is improved at short and large distances compared to previous studies. The permanent dipole moment surface of the state is also computed for the first time. Nine vibrational levels of H-3(-) and 14 levels of D-3(-) are obtained, bound by at most similar to 70 and similar to 126 cm(-1), respectively. These results should guide the spectroscopic search of the H-3(-) ion in cold gases (below 100K) of molecular hydrogen in the presence of …

Go to article

Dispersion Measurements Of A 1.3 Mu M Quantum Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Over 120 Nm Of Spectral Bandwidth, M. Bagnell, J. Davilla-Rodriguez, A. Ardey, P. J. Delfyett Jan 2010

Dispersion Measurements Of A 1.3 Mu M Quantum Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Over 120 Nm Of Spectral Bandwidth, M. Bagnell, J. Davilla-Rodriguez, A. Ardey, P. J. Delfyett

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Group delay and higher order dispersion measurements are conducted on a 1.3 mu m quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier at various injection currents. White-light spectral interferometry is performed, along with a wavelet transform to recover the group delay. The group delay, group velocity dispersion, and higher order dispersion terms are quantified. The measurement spans both ground state and first excited state transitions, ranging from 1200 to 1320 nm. The group velocity dispersion, beta(2), is found to be -6.3x10(3) fs(2) (7.6 fs/nm) at an injection current of 500 mA.

Go to article

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Of Copper With A 2 Mu M Thulium Fiber Laser, Matthieu Baudelet, Christina C. C. Willis, Lawrence Shah, Martin Richardson Jan 2010

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Of Copper With A 2 Mu M Thulium Fiber Laser, Matthieu Baudelet, Christina C. C. Willis, Lawrence Shah, Martin Richardson

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We report the first implementation of a 2 mu m thulium fiber laser in a Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy system. Emission from plasma on copper samples was analyzed from 200 to 900 nm. The low ablation fluence ( < 100 J.cm(-2)) and 200 ns pulse duration lead to a plasma with neither continuum emission, nor air emission in the near-infrared region.

Go to article

Effects Of Simulated Mars Conditions On The Survival And Growth Of Escherichia Coli And Serratia Liquefaciens, Bonnie J. Berry, David G. Jenkins, Andrew C. Shuerger Jan 2010

Effects Of Simulated Mars Conditions On The Survival And Growth Of Escherichia Coli And Serratia Liquefaciens, Bonnie J. Berry, David G. Jenkins, Andrew C. Shuerger

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Escherichia coli and Serratia liquefaciens, two bacterial spacecraft contaminants known to replicate under low atmospheric pressures of 2.5 kPa, were tested for growth and survival under simulated Mars conditions. Environmental stresses of high salinity, low temperature, and low pressure were screened alone and in combination for effects on bacterial survival and replication, and then cells were tested in Mars analog soils under simulated Mars conditions. Survival and replication of E. coli and S. liquefaciens cells in liquid medium were evaluated for 7 days under low temperatures (5, 10, 20, or 30 degrees C) with increasing concentrations (0, 5, 10, or …

Go to article

Simultaneous Multi-Wavelength Observations Of Magnetic Activity In Ultracool Dwarfs. Iii. X-Ray, Radio, And H Alpha Activity Trends In M And L Dwarfs, E. Berger, G. Basri, T. A. Fleming, M. S. Giampapa, J. E. Gizis, J. Liebert, E, Martín, N. Phan-Bao, R. E. Rutledge Jan 2010

Simultaneous Multi-Wavelength Observations Of Magnetic Activity In Ultracool Dwarfs. Iii. X-Ray, Radio, And H Alpha Activity Trends In M And L Dwarfs, E. Berger, G. Basri, T. A. Fleming, M. S. Giampapa, J. E. Gizis, J. Liebert, E, Martín, N. Phan-Bao, R. E. Rutledge

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

As part of our on-going investigation into the magnetic field properties of ultracool dwarfs, we present simultaneous radio, X-ray, and H alpha observations of three M9.5-L2.5 dwarfs (BRI 0021-0214, LSR 060230.4+391059, and 2MASS J052338.2-140302). We do not detect X-ray or radio emission from any of the three sources, despite previous detections of radio emission from BRI 0021 and 2M0523-14. Steady and variable H alpha emission are detected from 2M0523-14 and BRI 0021, respectively, while no H alpha emission is detected from LSR 0602+39. Overall, our survey of nine M8-L5 dwarfs doubles the number of ultracool dwarfs observed in X-rays, and …

Go to article

B Diffusion In Implanted Ni2si And Nisi Layers, I. Blum, A. Portavoce, L. Chow, D. Mangelinck, K. Hoummada, G. Tellouche, V. Carron Jan 2010

B Diffusion In Implanted Ni2si And Nisi Layers, I. Blum, A. Portavoce, L. Chow, D. Mangelinck, K. Hoummada, G. Tellouche, V. Carron

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

B diffusion in implanted Ni2Si and NiSi layers has been studied using secondary ion mass spectrometry, and compared to B redistribution profiles obtained after the reaction of a Ni layer on a B-implanted Si(001) substrate, in same annealing conditions (400-550 degrees C). B diffusion appears faster in Ni2Si than in NiSi. The B solubility limit is larger than 10(21) atom cm(-3) in Ni2Si, while it is similar to 3x10(19) atom cm(-3) in NiSi. The solubility limit found in NiSi is in agreement with the plateau observed in B profiles measured in NiSi after the reaction of Ni on B-implanted Si.

Go to article

Motivations To Pursue Fellowships Are Gender Neutral, Karen R. Borman, Thomas W. Biester, Robert S. Rhodes Jan 2010

Motivations To Pursue Fellowships Are Gender Neutral, Karen R. Borman, Thomas W. Biester, Robert S. Rhodes

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Objective: To determine the importance of factors in decision making by general surgery chief residents to pursue fellowships and to relate factor importance to gender and residency characteristics. Design: Prospective, voluntary, national survey conducted April through May, 2008, in which finishing chief residents rated the importance of 12 factors in their decision making to pursue fellowships. Setting: General surgery chief residents who applied for admission to the American Board of Surgery Qualifying Examination process. Participants: All 1034 first-time applicants. Main Outcome Measures: chi(2) tests and 1-way analyses of variance were used to correlate gender and residency type, size, and location …

Go to article

Multistate Modeling Of Habitat Dynamics: Factors Affecting Florida Scrub Transition Probabilities, David R. Breininger, James D. Nichols, Brean W. Duncan, Eric D. Stolen, Geoffrey M. Carter, Danny K. Hunt, John H. Drese Jan 2010

Multistate Modeling Of Habitat Dynamics: Factors Affecting Florida Scrub Transition Probabilities, David R. Breininger, James D. Nichols, Brean W. Duncan, Eric D. Stolen, Geoffrey M. Carter, Danny K. Hunt, John H. Drese

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Many ecosystems are influenced by disturbances that create specific successional states and habitat structures that species need to persist. Estimating transition probabilities between habitat states and modeling the factors that influence such transitions have many applications for investigating and managing disturbance-prone ecosystems. We identify the correspondence between multistate capture-recapture models and Markov models of habitat dynamics. We exploit this correspondence by fitting and comparing competing models of different ecological covariates affecting habitat transition probabilities in Florida scrub and flatwoods, a habitat important to many unique plants and animals. We subdivided a large scrub and flatwoods ecosystem along central Florida's Atlantic …

Go to article

Systematic Identification Of Conserved Motif Modules In The Human Genome, Xiaohui Cai, Lin Hou, Naifang Su, Haiyan Hu, Minghua Deng, Xiaoman Li Jan 2010

Systematic Identification Of Conserved Motif Modules In The Human Genome, Xiaohui Cai, Lin Hou, Naifang Su, Haiyan Hu, Minghua Deng, Xiaoman Li

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: The identification of motif modules, groups of multiple motifs frequently occurring in DNA sequences, is one of the most important tasks necessary for annotating the human genome. Current approaches to identifying motif modules are often restricted to searches within promoter regions or rely on multiple genome alignments. However, the promoter regions only account for a limited number of locations where transcription factor binding sites can occur, and multiple genome alignments often cannot align binding sites with their true counterparts because of the short and degenerative nature of these transcription factor binding sites. Results: To identify motif modules systematically, we …

Go to article

The Origin Of Asteroid 101955 (1999 Rq(36)), Humberto Campins, Alessandro Morbidelli, Kleomenis Tsiganis, Julia De León, Javier Licandro, Dante Lauretta Jan 2010

The Origin Of Asteroid 101955 (1999 Rq(36)), Humberto Campins, Alessandro Morbidelli, Kleomenis Tsiganis, Julia De León, Javier Licandro, Dante Lauretta

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) 101955 (1999 RQ(36); henceforth RQ36) is especially accessible to spacecraft and is the primary target of NASA's OSIRIS-REx sample return mission; it is also a potentially hazardous asteroid. We combine dynamical and spectral information to identify the most likely main-belt origin of RQ(36) and we conclude that it is the Polana family, located at a semimajor axis of about 2.42 AU. We also conclude that the Polana family may be the most important inner-belt source of low-albedo NEAs. These conclusions are based on the following results. (1) Dynamical evidence strongly favors an inner-belt, low-inclination (2.15 AU < a < 2.5 AU and i < 10 degrees) origin, suggesting the v(6) resonance as the preferred (95% probability) delivery route. (2) This region is dominated by the Nysa and Polana families. (3) The Polana family is characterized by low albedos and B-class spectra or colors, the same albedo and spectral class as RQ36. (4) The Sloan Digital Sky Survey colors show that the Polana family is the branch of the Nysa-Polana complex that extends toward the v(6) resonance; furthermore, the Polana family has delivered objects of the size of RQ36 and larger into the v(6) resonance. (5) A quantitative comparison of visible and near-infrared spectra does not yield a unique match for RQ36; however, it is consistent with a compositional link between RQ36 and the Polana family.

Go to article

Widely Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Based On Multimode Interference Effect, A. Castillo-Guzman, J. E. Antonio-Lopez, R. Selvas-Aguilar, D. A. May-Arrioja, J. Estudillo-Ayala, P. Likamwa Jan 2010

Widely Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Based On Multimode Interference Effect, A. Castillo-Guzman, J. E. Antonio-Lopez, R. Selvas-Aguilar, D. A. May-Arrioja, J. Estudillo-Ayala, P. Likamwa

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

A widely tunable erbium-doped all-fiber laser has been demonstrated. The tunable mechanism is based on a novel tunable filter using multimode interference effects (MMI). The tunable MMI filter was applied to fabricate a tunable erbium-doped fiber laser via a standard ring cavity. A tuning range of 60 nm was obtained, ranging from 1549 nm to 1609 nm, with a signal to noise ratio of 40 dB. The tunable MMI filter mechanism is very simple and inexpensive, but also quite efficient as a wavelength tunable filter.

Go to article

Weak Antiferromagnetic Coupling In Molecular Ring Is Predicted Correctly By Density Functional Theory Plus Hubbard U, Shruba Gangopadhyay, Artëm E. Masunov, Eliza Poalelungi, Michael N. Leuenberger Jan 2010

Weak Antiferromagnetic Coupling In Molecular Ring Is Predicted Correctly By Density Functional Theory Plus Hubbard U, Shruba Gangopadhyay, Artëm E. Masunov, Eliza Poalelungi, Michael N. Leuenberger

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We apply density functional theory with empirical Hubbard U parameter (DFT+U) to study Mn-based molecular magnets. Unlike most previous DFT+U studies, we calibrate U parameters for both metal and ligand atoms using five binuclear manganese complexes as the benchmarks. We note delocalization of the spin density onto acetate ligands due to pi-back bonding, inverting spin polarization of the acetate oxygen atoms relative to that predicted from superexchange mechanism. This inversion may affect the performance of the models that assume strict localization of the spins on magnetic centers for the complexes with bridging acetate ligands. Next, we apply DFT+U methodology to …

Go to article

Effective Preemptive Scheduling Scheme For Optical Burst-Switched Networks With Cascaded Wavelength Conversion Consideration, Xingbo Gao, Mostafa A. Bassiouni, Guifang Li Jan 2010

Effective Preemptive Scheduling Scheme For Optical Burst-Switched Networks With Cascaded Wavelength Conversion Consideration, Xingbo Gao, Mostafa A. Bassiouni, Guifang Li

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We introduce a new preemptive scheduling technique for next-generation optical burst switching (OBS) networks considering the impact of cascaded wavelength conversions. It has been shown that when optical bursts are transmitted all optically from source to destination, each wavelength conversion performed along the lightpath may cause certain signal-to-noise deterioration. If the distortion of the signal quality becomes significant enough, the receiver would not be able to recover the original data. Accordingly, subject to this practical impediment, we improve a recently proposed fair channel scheduling algorithm to deal with the fairness problem and aim at burst loss reduction simultaneously in OBS …

Go to article

Detection Of Multidecadal Changes In Uvb And Total Ozone Concentrations Over The Continental Us With Nasa Toms Data And Usda Ground-Based Measurements, Zhiqiang Gao, Wei Gao, Ni-Bin Chang Jan 2010

Detection Of Multidecadal Changes In Uvb And Total Ozone Concentrations Over The Continental Us With Nasa Toms Data And Usda Ground-Based Measurements, Zhiqiang Gao, Wei Gao, Ni-Bin Chang

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Thinning of the atmospheric ozone layer leads to elevated levels of Ultraviolet-B (UVB) at the Earth's surface, resulting in an increase of health risks to living organisms due to DNA damage. This paper examines the multidecadal changes of total column ozone from 1979 to 2005 with the aid of ground-based UVB stations using the ultraviolet multifilter rotating shadow-band radiometer (UV-MFRSR). For the purpose of demonstration, four USDA ground stations, WA01, CO01, MD01, and AZ01, were selected for detailed comparisons against the satellite data. The major finding of this study is that over the course of the time series, on a …

Go to article

The Epithelium-Molecular Landscaping For An Interactive Barrier, Karl Chai, Kenichiro Kitamura, Amanda Mccann, Xue-Ru Wu Jan 2010

The Epithelium-Molecular Landscaping For An Interactive Barrier, Karl Chai, Kenichiro Kitamura, Amanda Mccann, Xue-Ru Wu

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Angiogenesis: An Update And Potential Drug Approaches, Maen Abdelrahim, Santhi Konduri, Riyaz Basha, Philip A. Philip, Cheryl H. Baker Jan 2010

Angiogenesis: An Update And Potential Drug Approaches, Maen Abdelrahim, Santhi Konduri, Riyaz Basha, Philip A. Philip, Cheryl H. Baker

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The therapeutic potential of targeting tumor endothelium and vascular supply is now widely recognized to treat different diseases. One such disease is cancer; where endothelial cells are actively proliferating to support the tumor growth. Solid tumors cannot grow beyond the size of a few millimeters without inducing the proliferation of endothelium and formation of new blood vessels. Hence it is crucial to search for new agents that selectively block tumor blood supply. These include anti-angiogenic molecules, vascular disrupting agents or endothelial disrupting agents. The anti-angiogenic molecules such as monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors disrupt endothelial cell survival mechanisms and …

Go to article

Middle-Term Metropolitan Water Availability Index Assessment Based On Synergistic Potential Of Multi-Sensor Data (Errata), Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang, Ammarin Daranpob Jan 2010

Middle-Term Metropolitan Water Availability Index Assessment Based On Synergistic Potential Of Multi-Sensor Data (Errata), Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang, Ammarin Daranpob

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Change Detection Of Land Use And Land Cover In An Urban Region With Spot-5 Images And Partial Lanczos Extreme Learning Machine, Ni-Bin Chang, Min Han, Wei Yao, Liang-Chien Chen, Shiguo Xu Jan 2010

Change Detection Of Land Use And Land Cover In An Urban Region With Spot-5 Images And Partial Lanczos Extreme Learning Machine, Ni-Bin Chang, Min Han, Wei Yao, Liang-Chien Chen, Shiguo Xu

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Satellite remote sensing technology and the science associated with evaluation of land use and land cover (LULC) in an urban region makes use of the wide range images and algorithms. Improved land management capacity is critically dependent on real-time or near real-time monitoring of land-use/land cover change (LUCC) to the extent to which solutions to a whole host of urban/rural interface development issues may be well managed promptly. Yet previous processing with LULC methods is often time-consuming, laborious, and tedious making the outputs unavailable within the required time window. This paper presents a new image classification approach based on a …

Go to article

Middle-Term Metropolitan Water Availability Index Assessment Based On Synergistic Potential Of Multi-Sensor Data, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang, Ammarin Daranpob Jan 2010

Middle-Term Metropolitan Water Availability Index Assessment Based On Synergistic Potential Of Multi-Sensor Data, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang, Ammarin Daranpob

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The impact of recent drought and water pollution episodes results in an acute need to project future water availability to assist water managers in water utility infrastructure management within many metropolitan regions. Separate drought and water quality indices previously developed might not be sufficient for the purpose of such an assessment. This paper describes the development of the "Metropolitan Water Availability Index (MWAI)" and its potential applications in assessing the middle-term water availability at the watershed scale in a fast growing metropolitan region - the Manatee County near Tampa Bay, Florida, U. S. A. The MWAI framework is based on …

Go to article

On Value Distribution Theory Of Second Order Periodic Odes, Special Functions And Orthogonal Polynomials (Errata), Yik-Man Chiang, Mourad E. H. Ismail Jan 2010

On Value Distribution Theory Of Second Order Periodic Odes, Special Functions And Orthogonal Polynomials (Errata), Yik-Man Chiang, Mourad E. H. Ismail

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Regulation Of The Matriptase-Prostasin Cell Surface Proteolytic Cascade By Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activator Inhibitor-1 During Epidermal Differentiation, Ya-Wen Chen, Jehng-Kang Wang, Feng-Pai Chou, Chiu-Yuan Chen, Ellen A. Rorke, Li-Mei Chen, Karl X. Chai, Richard L. Eckert, Michael D. Johnson, Chen-Yong Lin Jan 2010

Regulation Of The Matriptase-Prostasin Cell Surface Proteolytic Cascade By Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activator Inhibitor-1 During Epidermal Differentiation, Ya-Wen Chen, Jehng-Kang Wang, Feng-Pai Chou, Chiu-Yuan Chen, Ellen A. Rorke, Li-Mei Chen, Karl X. Chai, Richard L. Eckert, Michael D. Johnson, Chen-Yong Lin

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Matriptase, a membrane-tethered serine protease, plays essential roles in epidermal differentiation and barrier function, largely mediated via its activation of prostasin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored serine protease. Matriptase activity is tightly regulated by its inhibitor hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1) such that free active matriptase is only briefly available to act on its substrates. In the current study we provide evidence for how matriptase activates prostasin under this tight control by HAI-1. When primary human keratinocytes are induced to differentiate in a skin organotypic culture model, both matriptase and prostasin are constitutively activated and then inhibited by HAI-1. These processes also …

Go to article

A Synthetic Uric Acid Analog Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing In Mice, Srinivasulu Chigurupati, Mohamed R. Mughal, Sic L. Chan, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Akanksha Baharani, Sung-Chun Tang, Qian-Sheng Yu, Harold W. Holloway, Ross Wheeler, Suresh Poosala, Nigel H. Greig, Mark P. Mattson Jan 2010

A Synthetic Uric Acid Analog Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing In Mice, Srinivasulu Chigurupati, Mohamed R. Mughal, Sic L. Chan, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Akanksha Baharani, Sung-Chun Tang, Qian-Sheng Yu, Harold W. Holloway, Ross Wheeler, Suresh Poosala, Nigel H. Greig, Mark P. Mattson

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Wound healing is a complex process involving intrinsic dermal and epidermal cells, and infiltrating macrophages and leukocytes. Excessive oxidative stress and associated inflammatory processes can impair wound healing, and antioxidants have been reported to improve wound healing in animal models and human subjects. Uric acid (UA) is an efficient free radical scavenger, but has a very low solubility and poor tissue penetrability. We recently developed novel UA analogs with increased solubility and excellent free radical-scavenging properties and demonstrated their ability to protect neural cells against oxidative damage. Here we show that the uric acid analog (6, 8 dithio-UA, but not …

Go to article

Characterizing Ultrabroadband Attosecond Lasers, Michael Chini, Steve Gilbertson, Sabih D. Khan, Zenghu Chang Jan 2010

Characterizing Ultrabroadband Attosecond Lasers, Michael Chini, Steve Gilbertson, Sabih D. Khan, Zenghu Chang

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Recent progress in sub-laser-cycle gating of high-order harmonic generation promises to push the limits on optical pulse durations below the atomic unit of time, 24 as, which corresponds to a bandwidth broader than 75 eV. However, the available techniques for attosecond pulse measurement are valid only for narrow-bandwidth spectra, due to one of the key approximations made in the phase retrieval. Here we report a new technique for characterizing attosecond pulses, whereby the spectral phase of the attosecond pulse is extracted from the oscillation component with the dressing laser frequency in the photoelectron spectrogram. This technique, termed PROOF (Phase Retrieval …

Go to article

Spectroscopy Of B-Type Asteroids: Subgroups And Meteorite Analogs, Beth Ellen Clark, Julie Ziffer, David Nesvorny, Humberto Campins, Andrew S. Rivkin, Takahiro Hiroi, Maria Antonietta Barucci, Marcello Fulchignoni, Richard P. Binzel, Sonia Fornasier, Francesca Demeo, Maureen E. Ockert-Bell, Javier Licandro, Thais Mothé-Diniz Jan 2010

Spectroscopy Of B-Type Asteroids: Subgroups And Meteorite Analogs, Beth Ellen Clark, Julie Ziffer, David Nesvorny, Humberto Campins, Andrew S. Rivkin, Takahiro Hiroi, Maria Antonietta Barucci, Marcello Fulchignoni, Richard P. Binzel, Sonia Fornasier, Francesca Demeo, Maureen E. Ockert-Bell, Javier Licandro, Thais Mothé-Diniz

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

B-type asteroids have a negative slope from similar to 0.5 to similar to 1.1 mm and beyond. What causes this? Visible to near-infrared reflectance spectra (0.4-2.5 mm) are assembled for 22 B-type asteroids. The spectra fall naturally into three groups: (1) those with negative (blue) spectral shapes like 2 Pallas (7 objects), (2) those with concave curve shapes like 24 Themis (11 objects), and (3) everything else (4 objects). The asteroid spectra are compared to mineral and meteorite spectra from the Reflectance Experiment Laboratory library of 15,000 samples, in a least squares search for particulate analogs, constrained by spectral brightness. …

Go to article

The Formulated Microbicide Rc-101 Was Safe And Antivirally Active Following Intravaginal Application In Pigtailed Macaques, Alexander M. Cole, Dorothy L. Patton, Lisa C. Rohan, Amy L. Cole, Yvonne Cosgrove-Sweeney, Nicole A. Rogers, Deena Ratner, Alexandra B. Sassi, Carol Lackman-Smith, Patrick Tarwater, Bharat Ramratnam, Piotr Ruchala, Robert I. Lehrer, Alan J. Waring, Phalguni Gupta Jan 2010

The Formulated Microbicide Rc-101 Was Safe And Antivirally Active Following Intravaginal Application In Pigtailed Macaques, Alexander M. Cole, Dorothy L. Patton, Lisa C. Rohan, Amy L. Cole, Yvonne Cosgrove-Sweeney, Nicole A. Rogers, Deena Ratner, Alexandra B. Sassi, Carol Lackman-Smith, Patrick Tarwater, Bharat Ramratnam, Piotr Ruchala, Robert I. Lehrer, Alan J. Waring, Phalguni Gupta

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: RC-101 is a congener of the antiretroviral peptide retrocyclin, which we and others have reported is active against clinical HIV-1 isolates from all major clades, does not hemagglutinate, and is non-toxic and non-inflammatory in cervicovaginal cell culture. Herein, film-formulated RC-101 was assessed for its antiviral activity in vitro, safety in vivo, retention in the cervix and vagina, and ability to remain active against HIV-1 and SHIV after intravaginal application in macaques. Methodology/Principal Findings: RC-101 was formulated as a quick-dissolving film (2000 mu g/film), retained complete activity in vitro as compared to unformulated peptide, and was applied intravaginally in six …

Go to article

Next Last