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Treatment Of Lateral Epicondylitis: Is Surgery Still An Option?, Samuel G Ruiz, Marijke J Devos, Ryan J Warth, Dean W Smith Jan 2024

Treatment Of Lateral Epicondylitis: Is Surgery Still An Option?, Samuel G Ruiz, Marijke J Devos, Ryan J Warth, Dean W Smith

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background

The prevailing trend for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis (LE) is nonsurgical. Although many providers consider LE surgery controversial, others consider surgical intervention in patients with recalcitrant symptoms. The purpose of this study is to analyze epidemiological changes in LE surgery over a 9-year period prior to the coronavirus pandemic in 2019.

Methods

A cross-sectional analysis of the Texas health care database from 2010 to 2018 was performed. We analyzed all procedures performed for LE during the set time period using Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes. Statistical analyses included procedures performed, patient demographics, zone of residence, and insurance designation. …


Complete Pathologic Response With Pembrolizumab And Enfortumab Vedotin In Urothelial Carcinoma Of The Upper Urinary Tract, Kok Hoe Chan, Tung Shu, Majd Al Shaarani, Putao Cen Jan 2024

Complete Pathologic Response With Pembrolizumab And Enfortumab Vedotin In Urothelial Carcinoma Of The Upper Urinary Tract, Kok Hoe Chan, Tung Shu, Majd Al Shaarani, Putao Cen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC) presents a significant clinical challenge, often requiring aggressive surgical intervention for optimal management. We present a case of an 84-year-old woman with recurrent high-grade papillary UTUC of the left renal pelvis, refractory to prior endourologic interventions, who underwent neoadjuvant treatment with pembrolizumab and enfortumab vedotin (Pembro/EV) due to contraindications to cisplatin therapy. Following a favorable response to neoadjuvant therapy, the patient underwent laparoscopic left radical nephroureterectomy, achieving a pathologic complete response. We discuss the utility of Pembro/EV in the perioperative management of patients with UTUC, particularly in those ineligible for cisplatin-based therapy. …


First-Line Stent Retriever Versus Contact Aspiration Or Combined Technique For Endovascular Therapy Of Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion Stroke: The Plato Study, Thanh N Nguyen, Mohamad Abdalkader, Muhammad M Qureshi, Patrik Michel, Davide Strambo, Daniel Strbian, Christian Herweh, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Silja Räty, Marta Olive-Gadea, Marc Ribo, Marios Psychogios, Urs Fischer, Anh Nguyen, Joji B Kuramatsu, David Haupenthal, Martin Köhrmann, Cornelius Deuschl, Jordi Kühne Escolà, Jelle Demeestere, Lieselotte Vandewalle, Shadi Yaghi, Liqi Shu, Volker Puetz, Daniel P O Kaiser, Johannes Kaesmacher, Adnan Mujanovic, Dominique Cornelius Marterstock, Tobias Engelhorn, Piers Klein, Diogo C Haussen, Mahmoud H Mohammaden, Isabel Fragata, Bruno Cunha, Hend Abdelhamid, Michele Romoli, Francesco Diana, Pekka Virtanen, Kimmo Lappalainen, Jessica Jesser, Judith Clark, Stavros Matsoukas, Johanna T Fifi, Sunil A Sheth, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, João Pedro Marto, João Nuno Ramos, Milena Miszczuk, Christoph Riegler, Sven Poli, Khouloud Poli, Ashutosh P Jadhav, Shashvat M Desai, Volker Maus, Maximilian Kaeder, Hesham E Masoud, Neil Suryadareva, Maxim Mokin, James E Siegler, Italo Linfante, Guilherme Dabus, Negar Asdaghi, Vasu Saini, Christian H Nolte, Eberhard Siebert, Thomas R Meinel, Charlotte S Weyland, Uta Hanning, Lukas Meyer, Raul G Nogueira, Peter A Ringleb, Simon Nagel Jan 2024

First-Line Stent Retriever Versus Contact Aspiration Or Combined Technique For Endovascular Therapy Of Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion Stroke: The Plato Study, Thanh N Nguyen, Mohamad Abdalkader, Muhammad M Qureshi, Patrik Michel, Davide Strambo, Daniel Strbian, Christian Herweh, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Silja Räty, Marta Olive-Gadea, Marc Ribo, Marios Psychogios, Urs Fischer, Anh Nguyen, Joji B Kuramatsu, David Haupenthal, Martin Köhrmann, Cornelius Deuschl, Jordi Kühne Escolà, Jelle Demeestere, Lieselotte Vandewalle, Shadi Yaghi, Liqi Shu, Volker Puetz, Daniel P O Kaiser, Johannes Kaesmacher, Adnan Mujanovic, Dominique Cornelius Marterstock, Tobias Engelhorn, Piers Klein, Diogo C Haussen, Mahmoud H Mohammaden, Isabel Fragata, Bruno Cunha, Hend Abdelhamid, Michele Romoli, Francesco Diana, Pekka Virtanen, Kimmo Lappalainen, Jessica Jesser, Judith Clark, Stavros Matsoukas, Johanna T Fifi, Sunil A Sheth, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, João Pedro Marto, João Nuno Ramos, Milena Miszczuk, Christoph Riegler, Sven Poli, Khouloud Poli, Ashutosh P Jadhav, Shashvat M Desai, Volker Maus, Maximilian Kaeder, Hesham E Masoud, Neil Suryadareva, Maxim Mokin, James E Siegler, Italo Linfante, Guilherme Dabus, Negar Asdaghi, Vasu Saini, Christian H Nolte, Eberhard Siebert, Thomas R Meinel, Charlotte S Weyland, Uta Hanning, Lukas Meyer, Raul G Nogueira, Peter A Ringleb, Simon Nagel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The optimal reperfusion technique in patients with isolated posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusion is uncertain. We compared clinical and technical outcomes with first-line stent retriever (SR), contact aspiration (CA), or combined techniques in patients with isolated PCA occlusion.

Methods: This international case-control study was conducted at 30 sites in Europe and North America and included consecutive patients with isolated PCA occlusion presenting within 24 hours of time last seen well from January 2015 to August 2022. The primary outcome was the first-pass effect (FPE), defined as expanded Treatment in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2c/3 on the first pass. Patients treated …


Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombectomy In Pediatric Head Injury, Phillip Mitchell Johansen, Bronson Ciavarra, Ryan Mccormack, Matthew Kole, Gary Spiegel, Stephen Alan Fletcher Jan 2024

Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombectomy In Pediatric Head Injury, Phillip Mitchell Johansen, Bronson Ciavarra, Ryan Mccormack, Matthew Kole, Gary Spiegel, Stephen Alan Fletcher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Injury and subsequent thrombosis of the cerebral venous sinuses may be caused by closed head injuries secondary to a variety of different mechanisms. Skull fractures can lacerate or otherwise disrupt adjacent dural sinuses. The sequelae of such injuries may include thrombosis and either partial or total occlusion of the sinus, ultimately resulting in significant venous congestion. Sagittal sinus injury is associated with a more serious outcome due to the obligatory flow into the sinus, especially posterior to the coronal suture. In such cases, venous infarction may be a severe and life-threatening complication of head injury.

Case presentation: A 2-year-old …


Prenatal Diagnosis And Risk Stratification Of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Nimrah Abbasi, Sami Backley, Greg Ryan, Anthony Johnson Jan 2024

Prenatal Diagnosis And Risk Stratification Of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Nimrah Abbasi, Sami Backley, Greg Ryan, Anthony Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare heterogenous disorder with varying degrees of severity. Infant survival rates in high-income countries are approaching 80% in isolated CDH; however, over 50% will have long-term morbidities. Advanced antenatal imaging, including ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, has made it possible to prognosticate severity of CDH and to stratify risk when counseling expectant parents. Risk stratification can also better prepare healthcare teams to enable optimal neonatal management, and provide options for fetal intervention or, where legally permitted, pregnancy termination. Factors that may affect the immediate and long-term prognosis for CDH include prenatal diagnosis, gestational age …


Editorial: Chronobiology In Cardiometabolic Health And Disease, Cristina Manuela Dragoi, Zhihong Yang, Baharan Fekry, Andrea Brenna Jan 2024

Editorial: Chronobiology In Cardiometabolic Health And Disease, Cristina Manuela Dragoi, Zhihong Yang, Baharan Fekry, Andrea Brenna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.


The Potential Of Suspended Chitosan Nanoparticles As A Surgical Irrigation Fluid, Miles D Holmes, Analisa J Narro, Hugh L Jones, Philip C Noble, Catherine G Ambrose Jan 2024

The Potential Of Suspended Chitosan Nanoparticles As A Surgical Irrigation Fluid, Miles D Holmes, Analisa J Narro, Hugh L Jones, Philip C Noble, Catherine G Ambrose

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In this study, we sought to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) and characterize their morphology, efficacy in inhibiting bacterial attachment, and efficacy in eradicating bacteria established on implantable hardware. CS-NPs possess desirable properties, including antibacterial properties in biofilm-mediated infections. CS-NPs were produced using ionic gelation and characterized via scanning electron microscope imaging. Staphylococcus aureus was incubated with CS-NPs at various concentrations and compared to a 1% povidone-iodine with 1% H2 O2 control in 24-well plates. Stainless steel bone screws were placed in six-well plates and inoculated with S. aureus. After 24 h, the screws were transferred to one of three solutions …


Saprochaete Capitata Infection In Teen With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Echinocandin Prophylaxis, Jordan Killingsworth, Rachel Boren, Rachna Sheth, Michael L Chang Jan 2024

Saprochaete Capitata Infection In Teen With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Echinocandin Prophylaxis, Jordan Killingsworth, Rachel Boren, Rachna Sheth, Michael L Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We report a case of a 15-year-old with refractory and relapsed AML and profound prolonged neutropenia who developed a Saprochaete capitata disseminated invasive infection while on echinocandin prophylaxis for invasive fungal disease. Azole antifungal therapies, which are often used as prophylaxis, were initially avoided due to concerns for CYP drug interactions. Treatment with a combination of liposomal amphotericin B, voriconazole, and adjuvant granulocyte transfusions was successful as he awaited neutrophil recovery.


A One-Year Hospital System Review Of Plasma Next-Generation Sequencing In A Mixed Population, Ty C Drake, Jessica Babic, Audrey Wanger, Violeta Chavez Jan 2024

A One-Year Hospital System Review Of Plasma Next-Generation Sequencing In A Mixed Population, Ty C Drake, Jessica Babic, Audrey Wanger, Violeta Chavez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To describe the use of plasma next-generation sequencing (NGS) and determine if it provided additional information from routine tests or lead to change in antimicrobial management.

Design and setting: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with a NGS test performed who were admitted to a hospital health system in the greater Houston area between May 2022 and May 2023.

Patients: In total, 143 NGS tests were ordered in the span of one year for 135 unique patients. Most patients were ≥ 18 years (74.1%), White/Caucasian (43.7%), male (61.5%), and immunocompetent (54.1%). Eight patients had repeat tests during the study …


The Positive Role Of Physical Therapy And Appropriate Technology In The Reduction Of Bone Mineral Density Loss Associated With Complete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report, Marcie Kern, Shuo-Hsiu Chang Jan 2024

The Positive Role Of Physical Therapy And Appropriate Technology In The Reduction Of Bone Mineral Density Loss Associated With Complete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report, Marcie Kern, Shuo-Hsiu Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

While no single method effectively prevents bone loss after spinal cord injury (SCI), consistent participation in activity-based therapies can help reduce it in individuals with chronic complete SCI. This case report presents the results of multiple dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans conducted over 14 years, highlighting changes in bone mineral density (BMD). The individual studied maintained a healthy lifestyle, preventing secondary complications associated with SCI. The focus is on the participant's engagement in various therapies, including functional electrical stimulation, lower-extremity cycling, and walking with a robotic exoskeleton. Remarkably, the findings indicate that, rather than losing BMD, this individual not only maintained …


A Systematic Review Of Infant Mental Health Prevention And Treatment Programs, Megan M Hare, Taylor D Landis, Melissa L Hernandez, Paulo A Graziano Jan 2024

A Systematic Review Of Infant Mental Health Prevention And Treatment Programs, Megan M Hare, Taylor D Landis, Melissa L Hernandez, Paulo A Graziano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although many prevention and treatment programs exist for children and families, there have been no reviews specifically examining their impact on infant mental health at the program level. Therefore, the purpose of the current review was to a) systematically examine prevention and treatment programs targeting infant mental health outcomes (i.e., internalizing problems, externalizing problems, social-emotional development, trauma) or the parent-infant relationship/ attachment in children from pregnancy to 2 years; b) classify each program by level of empirical support; and c) highlight strengths and identify gaps in the existing literature to inform future mental health intervention science. From over 121,341 publications …


Impact Of Covid-19 On Nationwide Pediatric Complicated Sinusitis Trends Throughout 2018–2022, Gianna Rosamilia, Kyung Hyun Lee, Soham Roy, Catherine Hart, Zhen Huang Jan 2024

Impact Of Covid-19 On Nationwide Pediatric Complicated Sinusitis Trends Throughout 2018–2022, Gianna Rosamilia, Kyung Hyun Lee, Soham Roy, Catherine Hart, Zhen Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: To describe and analyze the trends of pediatric sinusitis cases from 2018 to 2022 across the country utilizing the Pediatric Hospital Information System (PHIS) database focusing on volumes, socioeconomics, and severity of cases.

Study design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database, which consists of 50 children's hospitals was performed. Regions were defined according to PHIS guidelines. We evaluated percentage of sinusitis cases demographic and socioeconomic information and subgrouped by region throughout 2018-2022.

Results: In all regions there were a greater number of sinusitis cases post-COVID compared to pre-COVID, with …


Long-Term Safety Of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Encapsulated In Autologous Erythrocytes In Pediatric Patients With Ataxia Telangiectasia, Mary Kay Koenig, Vincenzo Leuzzi, Riadh Gouider, Eppie M Yiu, Barbara Pietrucha, Asbjørg Stray-Pedersen, Susan L Perlman, Steve Wu, Trudy Burgers, Rupam Borgohain, Rukmini Mridula Kandadai, Isabelle Meyts, Giorgia Bucciol, Anaita Udwadia-Hegde, Ravi Yadav, Donna Roberts, Aaron Dane, Maureen Roden, Dirk Thye, Biljana Horn, Howard M Lederman, William P Whitehouse Jan 2024

Long-Term Safety Of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Encapsulated In Autologous Erythrocytes In Pediatric Patients With Ataxia Telangiectasia, Mary Kay Koenig, Vincenzo Leuzzi, Riadh Gouider, Eppie M Yiu, Barbara Pietrucha, Asbjørg Stray-Pedersen, Susan L Perlman, Steve Wu, Trudy Burgers, Rupam Borgohain, Rukmini Mridula Kandadai, Isabelle Meyts, Giorgia Bucciol, Anaita Udwadia-Hegde, Ravi Yadav, Donna Roberts, Aaron Dane, Maureen Roden, Dirk Thye, Biljana Horn, Howard M Lederman, William P Whitehouse

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) encapsulated in autologous erythrocytes (EryDex) was developed as an alternative to standard glucocorticoids in an effort to eliminate chronic steroid toxicity while preserving efficacy. The primary objective of this report is to describe the safety of long-term use of EryDex in treatment of pediatric patients with ataxia telangiectasia.

Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of patients treated with EryDex for a minimum of 24 months in two prospective clinical trials. Outcomes include adverse events, growth, hemoglobin and serum iron, glucose levels, HbA1c, CD4+ lymphocytes, and bone mineral density.

Results: Sixty-eight patients completed a minimum of …


Role Of Alpha-Synuclein Seed Amplification Assay In Parkinson’S Disease Clinical Trials: A Case Of Misdiagnosis, Emily Tharp, Juan D Martinez-Lemus, Mya C Schiess, Timothy M Ellmore, Jessika Suescun, Mohammad Shahnawaz Jan 2024

Role Of Alpha-Synuclein Seed Amplification Assay In Parkinson’S Disease Clinical Trials: A Case Of Misdiagnosis, Emily Tharp, Juan D Martinez-Lemus, Mya C Schiess, Timothy M Ellmore, Jessika Suescun, Mohammad Shahnawaz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

•Early differentiation between PD and atypical parkinsonism is challenging.•Variability in diagnosis can weaken statistical power in trials.•Precise diagnostic tools are needed for trial population homogeneity.•This patient initially diagnosed with PD, was diagnosed with MSA via CSF αSyn-SAA.•Adding αSyn-SAA to inclusion criteria could enhance subject selection in trials.


Saint Paul, The Apostle, And The Gastaut-Geschwind Syndrome, Leonardo Cruz De Souza, Guilherme Nogueira Mendes De Oliveira, Leandro Boson Gambogi, Ana Paula Gonçalves, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira Jan 2024

Saint Paul, The Apostle, And The Gastaut-Geschwind Syndrome, Leonardo Cruz De Souza, Guilherme Nogueira Mendes De Oliveira, Leandro Boson Gambogi, Ana Paula Gonçalves, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The interface between epilepsy and religiosity has been a long-standing matter of debate. Epilepsy has affected several religious leaders throughout history. Hyperreligiosity may be observed in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy as a component of the so-called Gastaut-Geschwind syndrome which involves other behavioral and personality traits such as hyposexuality, viscosity, philosophical concerns, sense of personal destiny, hypergraphy, emotionality, and irritability. Saint Paul, the Apostle, probably had temporal lobe epilepsy. He was a genius man of intellectual excellence and refined culture, whose life and writings exerted a decisive influence on Western history. The current paper investigates the elements of Gastaut-Geschwind syndrome …


An Interactive Information Visualization System For Temporal Queries In A Large-Scale Covid-19 Ehr Dataset (Covid-Sphere): Development And Qualitative Evaluation, Yan Huang, Shiqiang Tao, Wei-Chun Chou, Licong Cui, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Xiaojin Li Jan 2024

An Interactive Information Visualization System For Temporal Queries In A Large-Scale Covid-19 Ehr Dataset (Covid-Sphere): Development And Qualitative Evaluation, Yan Huang, Shiqiang Tao, Wei-Chun Chou, Licong Cui, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Xiaojin Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

COVID-SPHERE is a self-service web application designed to advance clinical research informatics by facilitating secondary use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) for COVID-19 research. The system employs a flexible EHR concept framework that defines hierarchical concepts and ontologies, enabling clinical researchers to build complex temporal queries through an intuitive, single-click interface without requiring database expertise. Our method dynamically generates MongoDB queries in real-time and offers interactive, faceted visualizations to analyze longitudinal patient activities and integrated health records, supporting both individual patient analysis and population-level research. Hosted on a server managing over 5 TB of data encompassing 30 billion health records …


Clearance Of Neutrophils From Ich-Affected Brain By Macrophages Is Beneficial And Is Assisted By Lactoferrin And Cd91, Xiurong Zhao, Shun-Ming Ting, Guanghua Sun, Jesus Bautista Garrido, Lidiya Obertas, Jaroslaw Aronowski Jan 2024

Clearance Of Neutrophils From Ich-Affected Brain By Macrophages Is Beneficial And Is Assisted By Lactoferrin And Cd91, Xiurong Zhao, Shun-Ming Ting, Guanghua Sun, Jesus Bautista Garrido, Lidiya Obertas, Jaroslaw Aronowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Within hours after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) onset, masses of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infiltrate the ICH-affected brain. After degranulation involving controlled release of many toxic antimicrobial molecules, the PMNs undergo rapid apoptosis and then are removed by phagocytic microglia/macrophages (MΦ) through a process called efferocytosis. Effective removal of PMNs may limit secondary brain damage and inflammation; however, the molecular mechanisms governing these cleanup activities are not well understood. We propose that scavenger receptor CD91 on myeloid phagocytes especially in presence of CD91 ligand, LTF (lactoferrin, protein abundant in PMNs), plays an important role in clearance of dead apoptotic PMNs (ANs). …


Mnemonic Utilization In Stroke Education: Fast And Befast Adoption By Certified Comprehensive Stroke Centers, Christopher Hogge, Larry B Goldstein, Sushanth R Aroor Jan 2024

Mnemonic Utilization In Stroke Education: Fast And Befast Adoption By Certified Comprehensive Stroke Centers, Christopher Hogge, Larry B Goldstein, Sushanth R Aroor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction

Symptom recognition and timely access to treatment are critical components of acute stroke care systems. Two mnemonics widely used in public educational campaigns for recognizing stroke symptoms include FAST (Face-Arm-Speech-Time) and BEFAST (Balance-Eyes-Face-Arm Speech-Time). The FAST mnemonic can miss up to 14% of strokes. BEFAST includes common posterior circulation stroke symptoms and has been implemented by several Comprehensive Stroke Centers (CSCs).

Methods

We sought to analyze the pattern of public educational materials available on the websites of US CSCs. The Joint Commission (JC) quality check website compiles a list containing the names and locations of the country’s 217 JC-certified …


The Feasibility Of Health Professional Student Delivered Social Visits For Stroke Survivors With Loneliness, Jason Burnett, Jordan Broussard, Bronson Ciavarra, Louisa Smitherman, Mary Li, Emma Thames, Sharon Zachariah, Grace Kim, Rachel Pijnnaken, Hannah Zeller, John Halphen, Sean I Savitz, Namkee Choi, Jennifer E S Beauchamp Jan 2024

The Feasibility Of Health Professional Student Delivered Social Visits For Stroke Survivors With Loneliness, Jason Burnett, Jordan Broussard, Bronson Ciavarra, Louisa Smitherman, Mary Li, Emma Thames, Sharon Zachariah, Grace Kim, Rachel Pijnnaken, Hannah Zeller, John Halphen, Sean I Savitz, Namkee Choi, Jennifer E S Beauchamp

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: To examine the feasibility of a social phone call program to address social isolation and loneliness in stroke survivors.

Materials and methods: We paired 14 lonely community-living stroke survivors with 14 health professional students for 6-weekly unstructured social phone calls. Feasibility data and measures of social isolation, loneliness and other psychosocial metrics were collected pre- and post-intervention. Students journaled following each unstructured call to capture the informal conversation and their sentiments.

Results: Sixty-two percent of the targeted sample was interested. Fourteen eligible and interested participants were enrolled. The 13 (93%) participants completing all calls and surveys were an average …


Double Hit In Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma With Germline Pathogenic Atm Mutation And Somatic Vhl Mutation, Kok Hoe Chan, Nicolas Duque Clavijo, Gustavo Ayala, Ryan Hall, Curtis Wray, Putao Cen Jan 2024

Double Hit In Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma With Germline Pathogenic Atm Mutation And Somatic Vhl Mutation, Kok Hoe Chan, Nicolas Duque Clavijo, Gustavo Ayala, Ryan Hall, Curtis Wray, Putao Cen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

While renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is often linked to smoking, obesity, and hypertension, hereditary forms also account for about 3% of RCC cases. Notably, NCCN guidelines identify 7 major hereditary syndromes associated with an increased RCC risk. Inherited mutations in DNA repair genes, such as ATM, BRCA, and TP53, significantly increase the risk of various cancers. Biallelic pathogenic mutations in ATM cause Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) syndrome, while heterozygous germline pathogenic ATM mutations, present in about 1% of the population, also elevate cancer risk. RCC has not traditionally been associated with germline pathogenic ATM mutations, only limited retrospective analyses have identified such …


Individualized Risk Assessment For Use Of Hormone Therapy In People With Sickle Cell Disease, Maureen K Baldwin, Bethany Samuelson Bannow, Rachel P Rosovsky, Nancy Sokkary, Lakshmi V Srivaths Jan 2024

Individualized Risk Assessment For Use Of Hormone Therapy In People With Sickle Cell Disease, Maureen K Baldwin, Bethany Samuelson Bannow, Rachel P Rosovsky, Nancy Sokkary, Lakshmi V Srivaths

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.


Increased Rate Of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections In Hospitalized Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients, Sarah Khafaja, Yara Salameh, Celina F Boutros, Cherine Awad, Kawthar Faour, Nadim Tfaily, Sarah Merhi, Zeinab El Zein, Samer Bou Karroum, Dana Oweini, Danielle Fayad, George F Araj, Ramia Zakhour, Ghassan S Dbaibo Jan 2024

Increased Rate Of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections In Hospitalized Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients, Sarah Khafaja, Yara Salameh, Celina F Boutros, Cherine Awad, Kawthar Faour, Nadim Tfaily, Sarah Merhi, Zeinab El Zein, Samer Bou Karroum, Dana Oweini, Danielle Fayad, George F Araj, Ramia Zakhour, Ghassan S Dbaibo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are considered a major public health threat. Immunocompromised pediatric patients are at a great risk of severe or overwhelming infections. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in immunocompromised pediatric patients and to determine the risk factors. In addition, we aimed to identify the antimicrobial resistance patterns of these isolates.

Materials and methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) from 2009 to 2017. The study included immunocompromised patients 18 years of age …


Defining The Disparity: A Multi-Institutional Analysis Of Factors Associated With Decreased Resident Operative Experience, Adam D Price, Darci C Foote, Matthew R Woeste, Leah K Winer, Kelsey B Montgomery, Motaz Al Yafi, Jeffry T Nahmias, Lauren M Postlewait, Jeffrey M Sutton, R Cutler Quillin, Alexander R Cortez Jan 2024

Defining The Disparity: A Multi-Institutional Analysis Of Factors Associated With Decreased Resident Operative Experience, Adam D Price, Darci C Foote, Matthew R Woeste, Leah K Winer, Kelsey B Montgomery, Motaz Al Yafi, Jeffry T Nahmias, Lauren M Postlewait, Jeffrey M Sutton, R Cutler Quillin, Alexander R Cortez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Technical learning in surgical training is multifaceted and existing literature suggests a positive relationship between case volume and proficiency. Little is known about factors associated with a decreased volume of operative experience. This study aimed to identify resident and program factors associated with general surgery residents (GSR) in the bottom quartile of logged case volume upon program completion.

Methods: A post hoc analysis of a multicenter study was used to examine case logs for categorical GSR. Participants included graduates between 2010 and 2020 from 20 programs. Residents below and above the 25th percentile for total operative volume were compared. …


Hypoxia-Adenosine Axis As Therapeutic Targets For Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Katherine Figarella, Jieun Kim, Wei Ruan, Tingting Mills, Holger Klaus Eltzschig, Xiaoyi Yuan Jan 2024

Hypoxia-Adenosine Axis As Therapeutic Targets For Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Katherine Figarella, Jieun Kim, Wei Ruan, Tingting Mills, Holger Klaus Eltzschig, Xiaoyi Yuan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The human respiratory and circulatory systems collaborate intricately to ensure oxygen delivery to all cells, which is vital for ATP production and maintaining physiological functions and structures. During limited oxygen availability, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are stabilized and play a fundamental role in maintaining cellular processes for hypoxia adaptation. First discovered during investigations of erythropoietin production regulation, HIFs influence physiological and pathological processes, including development, inflammation, wound healing, and cancer. HIFs promote extracellular adenosine signaling by enhancing adenosine generation and receptor signaling, representing an endogenous feedback mechanism that curbs excessive inflammation, supports injury resolution, and enhances hypoxia tolerance. This is especially …


In Sickness And In Health-Type I Interferon And The Brain, Wei Cao Jan 2024

In Sickness And In Health-Type I Interferon And The Brain, Wei Cao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Type I interferons (IFN-I) represent a group of pleiotropic cytokines renowned for their antiviral activity and immune regulatory functions. A multitude of studies have unveiled a critical role of IFN-I in the brain, influencing various neurological processes and diseases. In this mini-review, I highlight recent findings on IFN-I's effects on brain aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, and central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. The multifaceted influence of IFN-I on brain health and disease sheds light on the complex interplay between immune responses and neurological processes. Of particular interest is the cGAS-STING-IFN-I axis, which extensively participates in brain aging and various forms …


The Toxicology Investigators Consortium Case Registry-The 2021 Annual Report, Rachel R Tindall, Jennifer M Bailey-Lundberg, Yanna Cao, Tien C Ko Jan 2024

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium Case Registry-The 2021 Annual Report, Rachel R Tindall, Jennifer M Bailey-Lundberg, Yanna Cao, Tien C Ko

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily has important physiologic roles and is dysregulated in many pathologic processes, including pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancer diagnoses, and current therapies are largely ineffective due to tumor resistance and late-stage diagnosis with poor prognosis. Recent efforts are focused on the potential of immunotherapies in improving therapeutic results for patients with pancreatic cancer, among which TGF-β has been identified as a promising target. This review focuses on the role of TGF-β in the diseased pancreas and pancreatic cancer. It also aims to summarize the current status of therapies targeting …


Survivorship, Outcomes, And Risk Factors For Conversion To Total Hip Arthroplasty After Revision Hip Arthroscopic Surgery In Obese Patients: Results At A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up, Peng Li, Jie Luo, Zilong Zheng, Lu Meng, Anqi Zhang, Wei Cao, Xiaomei Gong Jan 2024

Survivorship, Outcomes, And Risk Factors For Conversion To Total Hip Arthroplasty After Revision Hip Arthroscopic Surgery In Obese Patients: Results At A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up, Peng Li, Jie Luo, Zilong Zheng, Lu Meng, Anqi Zhang, Wei Cao, Xiaomei Gong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: A high number of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastasis who have not had surgery often have a negative outlook. Radiotherapy remains a most common and effective method. Nomograms were developed to forecast the cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in NSCLC individuals with nonoperative brain metastases who underwent radiotherapy.

METHODS: Information was gathered from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database about patients diagnosed with NSCLC who had brain metastases not suitable for surgery. Nomograms were created and tested using multivariate Cox regression models to forecast CSS and OS at intervals of 1, …


Peripheral Nerve Stimulation After Total Knee Arthroplasty And Non-Operable Patella Fracture, Peter D Vu, Farah Gul, Christopher L Robinson, Grant H Chen, Jamal Hasoon Jan 2024

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation After Total Knee Arthroplasty And Non-Operable Patella Fracture, Peter D Vu, Farah Gul, Christopher L Robinson, Grant H Chen, Jamal Hasoon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic knee pain, affecting over 25% of adults in the United States, has surged by 65% over the past two decades leading to rising functional deficits, mobility problems, and a diminished quality of life. While conservative management with pharmacologic and minimally invasive injections are pursued early in the disease process, total knee arthroplasty for refractory osteoarthritis of the knee is often considered. This procedure usually improves pain and functionality within the first three months. However, a significant portion of patients often suffer from postoperative pain that can become chronic and debilitating. We detail the case of a patient with a …


Chronic Adolescent Stress Alters Gr-Fkbp5 Interactions In The Hippocampus Of Adult Female Rats, Sydney Rowson, Mandakh Bekhbat, Sean Kelly, Molly M Hyer, Samya Dyer, David Weinshenker, Gretchen Neigh Jan 2024

Chronic Adolescent Stress Alters Gr-Fkbp5 Interactions In The Hippocampus Of Adult Female Rats, Sydney Rowson, Mandakh Bekhbat, Sean Kelly, Molly M Hyer, Samya Dyer, David Weinshenker, Gretchen Neigh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic stress exposure during development can have lasting behavioral consequences that differ in males and females. More specifically, increased depressive behaviors in females, but not males, are observed in both humans and rodent models of chronic stress. Despite these known stress-induced outcomes, the molecular consequences of chronic adolescent stress in the adult brain are less clear. The stress hormone corticosterone activates the glucocorticoid receptor, and activity of the receptor is regulated through interactions with co-chaperones-such as the immunophilin FK506 binding proteins 5 (FKBP5). Previously, it has been reported that the adult stress response is modified by a history of chronic …


The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (Wcrf)/American Institute For Cancer Research (Aicr) Score And Diabetes Risk In The Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (Dppos), Danny Ramzy, Nicholas Ray Jan 2024

The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (Wcrf)/American Institute For Cancer Research (Aicr) Score And Diabetes Risk In The Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (Dppos), Danny Ramzy, Nicholas Ray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.