Digital Commons Network^™

Java-Based World Wide Web Clinical Trial Data Management

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

The Web-Based Interactive Family History Questionnaire

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Health Informatics Research & Evaluation Design Students Overwhelmingly Prefer Hypertutorial Web-Based Instruction In Randomized Comparison

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

The 10 Commandments For Minimally Invasive Removal Of Nonmalignant Intracardiac Tumors, J H. Byrne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Exogenous recombinant human transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) induced long-term facilitation of Aplysia sensory-motor synapses. In addition, 5-HT-induced facilitation was blocked by application of a soluble fragment of the extracellular portion of the TGF-beta1 type II receptor (TbetaR-II), which presumably acted by scavenging an endogenous TGF-beta1-like molecule. Because TbetaR-II is essential for transmembrane signaling by TGF-beta, we sought to determine whether Aplysia tissues contained TbetaR-II and specifically, whether neurons expressed the receptor. Western blot analysis of Aplysia tissue extracts demonstrated the presence of a TbetaR-II-immunoreactive protein in several tissue types. The expression and distribution of TbetaR-II-immunoreactive proteins in the central …

A Cbfa1-Dependent Genetic Pathway Controls Bone Formation Beyond Embryonic Development

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The molecular mechanisms controlling bone extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by differentiated osteoblasts in postnatal life, called hereafter bone formation, are unknown. This contrasts with the growing knowledge about the genetic control of osteoblast differentiation during embryonic development. Cbfa1, a transcriptional activator of osteoblast differentiation during embryonic development, is also expressed in differentiated osteoblasts postnatally. The perinatal lethality occurring in Cbfa1-deficient mice has prevented so far the study of its function after birth. To determine if Cbfa1 plays a role during bone formation we generated transgenic mice overexpressing Cbfa1 DNA-binding domain (DeltaCbfa1) in differentiated osteoblasts only postnatally. DeltaCbfa1 has a higher …

Intelligent Support Of Gait Analysis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Predicting The Risk Of Obesity Using A Bayesian Network, Walker S. Poston, John P. Foreyt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Web Browser Implements Unobtrusive Randomized Comparisons Of Instruction In Health Informatics Classroom

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Isolation Of Lautropia Mirabilis From Oral Cavities Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lautropia mirabilis, a pleomorphic, motile, gram-negative coccus, has been isolated from the oral cavities of 32 of 60 (53.3%) children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 3 of 25 (12.0%) HIV-uninfected controls; the association of L. mirabilis isolation with HIV infection is significant (P < 0.001). All children in the study, both HIV-infected children and controls, were born to HIV-infected mothers. The presence of this bacterium was not associated with clinical disease in these children. The HIV-infected children with L. mirabilis did not differ from the HIV-infected children without L. mirabilis in immunological status, clinical status, or systemic medications. The role of HIV infection itself or concomitant factors in the establishment of L. mirabilis in the oral cavity remains to be elucidated.

Web Browser As Medical Educator/Researcher Using Html & Javascript

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Phosphorylation Of Elongation Factor 1 And Ribosomal Protein S6 By Multipotential S6 Kinase And Insulin Stimulation Of Translational Elongation, Y W Chang, J A Traugh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Stimulation of protein synthesis in response to insulin is concomitant with increased phosphorylation of initiation factors 4B and 4G and ribosomal protein S6 (Morley, S. J., and Traugh, J. A. (1993) Biochimie 75, 985-989) and is due at least in part to multipotential S6 kinase. When elongation factor 1 (EF-1) from rabbit reticulocytes was examined as substrate for multipotential S6 kinase, up to 1 mol/mol of phosphate was incorporated into the alpha, beta, and delta subunits. Phosphorylation of EF-1 resulted in a 2-2. 6-fold stimulation of EF-1 activity, as measured by poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis. The rate of elongation was also …

Estimation Of The Incidence Of A Rare Genetic Disease Through A Two-Tier Mutation Survey, R Chakraborty, M R Srinivasan, S Raskin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent attempts to detect mutations involving single base changes or small deletions that are specific to genetic diseases provide an opportunity to develop a two-tier mutation-screening program through which incidence of rare genetic disorders and gene carriers may be precisely estimated. A two-tier survey consists of mutation screening in a sample of patients with specific genetic disorders and in a second sample of newborns from the same population in which mutation frequency is evaluated. We provide the statistical basis for evaluating the incidence of affected and gene carriers in such two-tier mutation-screening surveys, from which the precision of the estimates …

Can An Anesthesia Machine Flush Valve Provide For Effective Jet Ventilation?, S D Gaughan, J L Benumof, G T Ozaki

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Transtracheal jet ventilation (TTJV) using a percutaneously inserted intravenous (IV) catheter for the patient who cannot be ventilated or tracheally intubated or, using a jet stylet for changing endotracheal tubes (ETT) in patients for whom subsequent ventilation and/or tracheal reintubation may be difficult, are extremely valuable therapeutic options. The jet ventilation system must have a sufficiently high pressure-oxygen source to drive oxygen through noncompliant tubing and through relatively small IV catheters and/or jet stylets in order to achieve adequate ventilation and oxygenation. There is no evidence that using the common gas outlet of an anesthesia machine by activating the flush …

The Future Of Dental Education

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Multiple Alleles And Estimation Of Genetic Parameters: Computational Equations Showing Involvement Of All Alleles, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year‐on‐year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non‐vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional …

Statistical Interpretation Of Dna Typing Data, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Inclusion Of Data On Relatives For Estimation Of Allele Frequencies, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Identification And Characterization Of The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Gene Encoding The Essential Capsid Protein Icp32/Vp19c

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We describe the characterization of the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) gene encoding infected cell protein 32 (ICP32) and virion protein 19c (VP19c). We also demonstrate that the HSV-1 UL38/ORF.553 open reading frame (ORF), which has been shown to specify a viral protein essential for capsid formation (B. Pertuiset, M. Boccara, J. Cebrian, N. Berthelot, S. Chousterman, F. Puvian-Dutilleul, J. Sisman, and P. Sheldrick, J. Virol. 63: 2169-2179, 1989), must encode the cognate HSV type 1 (HSV-1) ICP32/VP19c protein. The region of the HSV-2 genome deduced to contain the gene specifying ICP32/VP19c was isolated and subcloned, and the nucleotide …

Population Amalgamation And Genetic Variation: Observations On Artificially Agglomerated Tribal Populations Of Central And South America, R Chakraborty, P E Smouse, J V Neel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The interpretation of data on genetic variation with regard to the relative roles of different evolutionary factors that produce and maintain genetic variation depends critically on our assumptions concerning effective population size and the level of migration between neighboring populations. In humans, recent population growth and movements of specific ethnic groups across wide geographic areas mean that any theory based on assumptions of constant population size and absence of substructure is generally untenable. We examine the effects of population subdivision on the pattern of protein genetic variation in a total sample drawn from an artificial agglomerate of 12 tribal populations …

Parentage Analysis With Genetic Markers In Natural Populations I The Expected Proportion Of Offspring With Unambiguous Paternity, R Chakraborty, T R Meagher, P E Smouse

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent studies indicate that polymorphic genetic markers are potentially helpful in resolving genealogical relationships among individuals in a natural population. Genetic data provide opportunities for paternity exclusion when genotypic incompatibilities are observed among individuals, and the present investigation examines the resolving power of genetic markers in unambiguous positive determination of paternity. Under the assumption that the mother for each offspring in a population is unambiguously known, an analytical expression for the fraction of males excluded from paternity is derived for the case where males and females may be derived from two different gene pools. This theoretical formulation can also be …

Double-Blind Comparison Of Rectally Administered Diazepam To Placebo For Pediatric Sedation: The Cardiovascular Response

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The sedative and cardiovascular effects of rectally administered diazepam (0.6 mg/kg) were compared to placebo in uncooperative children who required sedation during dental treatment. Twelve healthy preschool children, who required amalgam restorations, were treated during two standardized restorative appointments in a double-blind, crossover study. Blood pressure and pulse were obtained during four specified intervals during the appointment. The behavior of the children during the treatment visits was videotaped and later statistically analyzed using a kinesics/vocalization instrument. Behavioral ratings of cooperation were significantly improved during the treatment visit following diazepam. All interfering bodily movements, patient vocalizations and operator commands for the …

Deflection Of Conventional Versus Nondeflecting Dental Needles In Vitro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Deflection of conventional and newly introduced nondeflecting dental local anesthetic needles were compared in vitro by radiographic examination of the course of the needles in a hydrocolloid impression material. Results indicated significantly less deflection of the new needles when compared to a variety of conventional needles. Controlled clinical trials will be required to test the significance of this finding.

Body Composition And Its Outcomes And Management In Multiple Sclerosis: Narrative Review

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is emerging interest in obesity and its prevalence, outcomes, and management in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Body mass index (BMI) is the traditional marker of obesity in MS, whereas body composition, inclusive of specific body tissue compartments (e.g., fat, bone, and muscle), is often overlooked despite its relevance.

Objective: This narrative review (a) underscored the use and utility of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as an accurate and reliable measure of body composition; (b) thematically analyzed and synthesized the current evidence regarding body composition (using DEXA); and (c) determined gaps to be addressed in future research.

Methods: The …

Genetics And Epidemiology Of Gallbladder Disease In New World Native Peoples, K M Weiss, R E Ferrell, C L Hanis, P N Styne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Native peoples of the New World, including Amerindians and admixed Latin Americans such as Mexican-Americans, are highly susceptible to diseases of the gallbladder. These include cholesterol cholelithiasis (gallstones) and its complications, as well as cancer of the gallbladder. Although there is clearly some necessary dietary or other environmental risk factor involved, the pattern of disease prevalence is geographically associated with the distribution of genes of aboriginal Amerindian origin, and levels of risk generally correspond to the degree of Amerindian admixture. This pattern differs from that generally associated with Westernization, which suggests a gene-environment interaction, and that within an admixed population …

Detection Of Nonrandom Association Of Alleles From The Distribution Of The Number Of Heterozygous Loci In A Sample, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The distribution of the number of heterozygous loci in two randomly chosen gametes or in a random diploid zygote provides information regarding the nonrandom association of alleles among different genetic loci. Two alternative statistics may be employed for detection of nonrandom association of genes of different loci when observations are made on these distributions: observed variance of the number of heterozygous loci (s2k) and a goodness-of-fit criterion (X2) to contrast the observed distribution with that expected under the hypothesis of random association of genes. It is shown, by simulation, that s2k is statistically more efficient than X2 to detect a …

Genetically Controlled Variation Of “Acid” Beta-Galactosidase Detected In Rattus Norvegicus By Isoelectric Focusing, T C Douglas, K A Kimmel, P E Dawson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Two genetically variant forms of rat "acid" beta-galactosidase were found to differ in isoelectric point and pH dependence, but not in thermostability or sensitivity to inhibition by p-mercuribenzoate (PMB). The results of two backcrosses and an intercross indicated that the isoelectric focusing phenotypes are controlled by two codominant alleles at a single autosomal locus, for which we propose the name Glb-1. No significant linkage between Glb-1 and albino (LG I), brown (LG II), or hooded (LG VI) was observed. Strain-specific differences in total levels of kidney beta-galactosidase were detected, but it is not yet known whether the variation is controlled …

Polymorphisms, Linkage And Mapping Of Four Enzyme Loci In The Fish Genus Xiphophorus (Poeciliidae), D C Morizot, M J Siciliano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Electrophoretic variants at four additional enzyme loci--two esterases (Est-2, Est-3), retinal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-1) and mannose phosphate isomerase (MPI)--among three species and four subspecies of fish of the genus Xiphophorus were observed. Electrophoretic patterns in F1 hybrid heterozygotes confirmed the monomeric structures of MPI and the esterase and the tetrametric structure of LDH in these fishes. Variant alleles of all four loci displayed normal Mendelian segregation in backcross and F2 hybrids. Recombination data from backcross hybrids mapped with Haldane's mapping function indicate the four loci to be linked as Est-2--0.43--Est3--0.26--LDH-1--0.19--MPI. Significant interference was detected and apparently concentrated in the Est-3 …

In Vitro Incorporation Of Molybdate Into Demolybdoproteins In Escherichia Coli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

When Escherichia coli was grown in the presence of tungstate, inactive forms of two molybdoenzymes, nitrate reductase and formate dehydrogenase, accumulated and were converted to their active forms upon incubation of cell suspensions with molybdate and chloramphenicol. The conversion to the active enzymes did not occur in cell extracts. When incubated with [(99)Mo]molybdate and chloramphenicol, the tungstate-grown cells incorporated (99)Mo into protein components which were released from membranes by procedures used to release nitrate reductase and formate dehydrogenase and which migrated with these activities on polyacrylamide gels. Although neither activity was formed during incubation of the crude extract with molybdate, …

Three Linked Enzyme Loci In Fishes: Implications In The Evolution Of Vertebrate Chromosomes, D C Morizot, D A Wright, M J Siciliano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A three-point linkage group comprised of loci coding for adenosine deaminase (ADA), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) is described in fish of the genus Xiphophorus (Poeciliidae). The alleles at loci in this group were shown to assort independently from the alleles at three other loci--isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1. Alleles at the latter three loci also assort independently from each other. Data were obtained by observing the segregation of electrophoretically variant alleles in reciprocal backcross hybrids derived from crosses between either X. helleri guentheri or X. h. strigatus and X. maculatus. The linkage component …

Influence Of Temperature Of Incubation And Type Of Growth Medium On Pigmentation In Serratia Marcescens

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Maximal amounts of prodigiosin were synthesized in either minimal or complete medium after incubation of cultures at 27 C for 7 days. Biosynthesis of prodigiosin began earlier and the range of temperature for formation was greater in complete medium. No prodigiosin was formed in either medium when cultures were incubated at 38 C; however, after a shift to 27 C, pigmentation ensued, provided the period of incubation at 38 C was not longer than 36 hr for minimal medium or 48 hr for complete medium. Washed, nonpigmented cells grown in either medium at 38 C for 72 hr could synthesize …