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Universal Swine Influenza Antigen And Vaccine, Zhao Wang
Universal Swine Influenza Antigen And Vaccine, Zhao Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Swine influenza A viruses pose a serious concern for global health and worldwide swine industry considering their evasion from vaccine-induced immune responses. Formulation of effective influenza vaccines can be complicated by both antigenic shift to a different subtype of hemagglutinin (HAs) and antigenic drift within a particular HA subtype. To address these concerns, we employed a systematic approach to determine the antigenic determinants of swine influenza A viruses by focusing on H1 and H3 subtypes. In parallel, we used a cross-disciplinary approach including structural biology and modeling, virology, and immunology to identify swine influenza A virus-derived HA fusion intermediates broadly …
Characterization Of Anthocyanins In Aronia, Theodore Mohr
Characterization Of Anthocyanins In Aronia, Theodore Mohr
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Anthocyanins function as antioxidants and offer numerous other health benefits, such as anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammation protection, and may aid in the prevention of degenerative diseases. Aronia berries, uniquely high in anthocyanins, have a great potential in improving human wellness. The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop a rapid and reproducible analytical method for estimating the anthocyanin amount in Aronia berries; and (2) to determine the effect of growing conditions on anthocyanin concentration. A standard curve method was established based on anthocyanin absorbance in the visible range. The results reveal that the developed protocol could yield rapid and reproducible …
Extending The Utility Of Public Use Microdata, Eric A. Guthrie
Extending The Utility Of Public Use Microdata, Eric A. Guthrie
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Applied demography employs population studies in the effort to answer real world questions and provide insights for the problems that business and civic leaders face on an ongoing basis. To answer these questions the applied demographer sometimes performs primary research, but more often they attempt to leverage and extend the use of publicly available data to answer the questions presented in an efficient and timeconstrained manner. The work described here looks at a problem presented by the Michigan Department of Education and the solution presented by the Michigan State Demographer. The problem required estimates for a single-year age group at …
Topology Optimization Of Lightweight Structural Composites Inspired By Cuttlefish Bone, Varun Kumar Gadipudi
Topology Optimization Of Lightweight Structural Composites Inspired By Cuttlefish Bone, Varun Kumar Gadipudi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lightweight material structure is a crucial subject in product design. The lightweight material has high strength to weight proportion which turns into an immense fascination and a territory of investigation for the researchers as its application is wide and expanding consistently. Lightweight composite material design is accomplished by choice of the cellular structure and its optimization. Cellular structure is utilized as it has wide multifunctional properties with lightweight characteristics. Unless it has been topologically optimized, each part in a assembly most likely weighs more than it needs to. Additional weight implies abundance materials are being utilized, loads on moving parts …
Bio-Mimetic Design With 3d Printable Composites, Ramya Mitra Patnam Damodaram
Bio-Mimetic Design With 3d Printable Composites, Ramya Mitra Patnam Damodaram
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Weight and stiffness are key factors in the advancement of materials and parts for use in numerous industries. Lightweight cellular structures are broadly utilized for this reason. However, these structures must satisfy several key constraints: they should be light yet structurally safe, sustainable in different loading conditions, resource efficient and easy to maintain. Bio-inspired materials/structures which results in desirable material features are a significant inspiration for engineered cellular structures. Cellular structures can be designed to have multifunctional properties along with lightweight characteristics. Currently, these structures with high strength to weight ratio are widely applied in many fields such as automotive, …
Enhancing The Nutritive Value Of Corn Ddgs For Pigs, Casey Zangaro
Enhancing The Nutritive Value Of Corn Ddgs For Pigs, Casey Zangaro
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS) can be a good alternative feedstuff to the traditional corn soybean meal diets since it has high fat and protein content. However, it has a high fiber content, which is not well digested by pigs and can reduce nutrient utilization by encapsulation. The nutritive value of fibrous feedstuffs like DDGS can be improved by supplementation with fiber-degrading enzymes. However, fiber-degrading enzymes have not been effective in improving digestibility of DDGS. The overall goal of this thesis research to was to unravel why pigs poorly digest DDGS and to develop strategies that can increase …
Volumetric Three-Component Velocimetry Two-Phase Flow Measurements Of Sediment Suspension Under Regular Plunging Waves, Deryn Ann Beck
Volumetric Three-Component Velocimetry Two-Phase Flow Measurements Of Sediment Suspension Under Regular Plunging Waves, Deryn Ann Beck
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Breaking waves suspend and transport large amounts of sediment particles in the surf zone. Two important aspects of the problem are the mechanism of sediment suspension and the distribution of the suspended sediment. One approach to solving this problem is to measure the sediment particles’ position and movement simultaneously with the characteristics of the flow field. Previous studies have found that sediment suspension events are related to a number of flow parameters including the vertical velocity, vorticity, horizontal velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, total shear stress, and turbulent shear stress. The objective of this study was to design and conduct an …
Modeling Water Availability, Risk And Resilience In A Semi-Arid Basin In Southern Africa, Esther N. Mosase
Modeling Water Availability, Risk And Resilience In A Semi-Arid Basin In Southern Africa, Esther N. Mosase
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Climate variability need to be incorporated into the management and planning of water resources, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, where water availability is more sensitive to rainfall and air temperature. This study used modified Man-Kendall trend analysis test and ArcGIS to process data. Annual means of rainfall, minimum temperature and maximum temperature in the Limpopo River Basin (LRB) varied between 160 and 1109 mm, 8 °C to 20 °C and 23 °C to 32 °C respectively. The spatial pattern is generally increasing from west to east for rainfall and minimum temperature while maximum temperature increases from south to north …
Serological Evidence For The Co-Circulation Of Two Lineages Of Influenza D Virus In Equine Populations Of The Midwest United States, Hunter Theodore Nedland
Serological Evidence For The Co-Circulation Of Two Lineages Of Influenza D Virus In Equine Populations Of The Midwest United States, Hunter Theodore Nedland
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly described lineage of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family that was first isolated from diseased swine in 2011 and has subsequently been detected in cattle around the world in 2014. In addition, serological evidence for IDV infection in humans has been recently established. Despite all the progress, the full range of susceptible hosts for this novel virus has yet to be determined, but includes swine, bovine, small ruminants and human. This study was designed to determine if equine is a possible host to this newly emerging influenza virus. 364 equine serum samples were collected in …
A Pcr/Sequencing Technique To Identify Species And Genotypes Of Haemonchus From Mixed Trichostrongyle Egg Dna Recovered From Livestock Fecal Samples, Pratiksha Khanal
A Pcr/Sequencing Technique To Identify Species And Genotypes Of Haemonchus From Mixed Trichostrongyle Egg Dna Recovered From Livestock Fecal Samples, Pratiksha Khanal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Six primer pairs, each with a pair of genus-specific and universal second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) primers were evaluated to amplify and sequence the ITS2 region of nuclear ribosomal DNA to identify the species and genotypes of Haemonchus from livestock fecal samples containing mixtures of trichostrongyle nematode eggs. Based upon the use of universal ITS2 primers on Haemonchus adults, the ITS2 region has been shown to contain three fixed single-nucleotide differences between H. placei and H. contortus. It is clinically useful to identify the species and genotypes of Haemonchus infecting livestock, but it has not been possible in fecal …
Evaluation Of Carinata Meal In Dairy Heifer Feeding Programs, Karla Rodriguez-Hernandez
Evaluation Of Carinata Meal In Dairy Heifer Feeding Programs, Karla Rodriguez-Hernandez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The main purpose of this body of research was to evaluate carinata meal as a feedstuff for dairy heifers and lay the foundations for its future evaluation in lactating dairy cow diets. This research focused on evaluating the taste preference of carinata meal compared with other oilseeds meals and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Despite containing glucosinolates, carinata meal was preferred similarly to canola meal, had greater preference compared to camelina meal, and less preference compared to the other meals. Next, we used a limit-feeding strategy in two different feeding studies, to determine the effect of feeding carinata meal …
Modeling Soil Organic Carbon In Select Soils Of Southeastern South Dakota, Shaina Westhoff
Modeling Soil Organic Carbon In Select Soils Of Southeastern South Dakota, Shaina Westhoff
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soil organic matter (SOM) is composed of living biomass, dead plant and animal residues, and humus. Humus is a class of complex, organic molecules that are largely responsible for improving soil water holding capacity, nutrient mineralization, nutrient storage, and other critical soil functions. Soil organic carbon (SOC) accounts for approximately 60 percent of SOM and thus SOC is recognized as a strong indicator of soil health. Land use changes and intense cultivation of arable soils in the United States over the past century have led to large decreases in SOM. The objective of this research was to develop a multiple …
Novel Technique Of Fabrication Of Porous Copper And Copper Oxide To Improve The Lithium Ion Battery Performance, Raju Prasad Ghimire
Novel Technique Of Fabrication Of Porous Copper And Copper Oxide To Improve The Lithium Ion Battery Performance, Raju Prasad Ghimire
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to widespread and long-term application, Lithium-ion batteries are considered as promising power sources for portable devices, satellites, medical instruments, computers, electric vehicles and grid application. It started to occupy the market once Sony commercialized in 1991. Rechargeable lithium ion batteries drawing people attention due to their peculiar properties such as high energy density and low self-discharge compared to other alkali metals. However, these widespread and long-term applications still require better batteries in terms of performance, safety and cost, which can be achieved by better utilization of anode materials and/or an optimized design of battery configuration. There are several challenges …
A Route To Fabricate Rapid And Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Through Minimizing The Duration Of Tio2 Film Disposition And Dye Sensitization, Md Ataul Mamun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) technology is considered a promising substitute to the conventional silicon-based solar cells due to DSSC’s low material cost, ease of fabrication, low toxicity, and relatively high power conversion efficiencies. The two major steps of DSSC fabrication are: 1) formation of a mesoporous TiO2 layer on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) coated glass substrate to make its photoanode, and 2) sensitization of the photo-anode with dye. Conventionally, photoanodes are prepared by depositing a mesoporous TiO2 layer on a TCO-coated glass substrate and sintering at a high temperature (~450 °C) for 30-60 minutes. The prepared TiO2 is …
Evaluation Of Methods Used To Improve Grasslands As Ring-Necked Pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) Brood Habitat, Mandy Orth
Evaluation Of Methods Used To Improve Grasslands As Ring-Necked Pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) Brood Habitat, Mandy Orth
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Management practices designed for upland game species often focus on nest survival and hen winter survival due to the importance of these life history stages on population vital rates. However, chick survival is an important component of gallinaceous bird population dynamics, but it is poorly understood and often tends to be overlooked. Ideal brood habitat not only provides open understory for easy movement and canopy cover for protection, but also provides an abundance of arthropod foods for chicks. It has been hypothesized that restricted movement of chicks through thick vegetation in unmanaged grasslands results in lower brood survival rates. Research …
Ischemic Preconditioning Improves Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit In Ncaa Division I Middle-Distance Runners, Emily Paull
Ischemic Preconditioning Improves Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit In Ncaa Division I Middle-Distance Runners, Emily Paull
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: There is an ongoing debate concerning whether ischemic preconditioning elicits consistent and meaningful exercise performance benefits. We have previously demonstrated no performance benefits of ischemic preconditioning at submaximal aerobic exercise intensities. It is likely that the beneficial effects of ischemic preconditioning on performance only involve supramaximal anaerobic exercise bouts, which elicit greater metabolic and neuromuscular stress. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that ischemic preconditioning improves maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (aO2D), an indicator of anaerobic capacity, in NCAA Division I middle-distance runners. Methods: A randomized sham-controlled crossover study was employed in which 10 NCAA Division …
Synthetic Biology For Heterotrophic Production Of High-Value Chemicals, Matthew Mckillop
Synthetic Biology For Heterotrophic Production Of High-Value Chemicals, Matthew Mckillop
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In addition to the best feedstock sugarcane, industrial beets are of great potential to become another ideal feedstock for production of advanced biofuels and high-value chemicals. Beets produce readily-fermentable sugars (especially sucrose), eliminating the cost for starch hydrolysis required for corn-based biofuel production. However, the whole beet has very high-water content (75% water), which is a big challenge for transportation and storage. Additionally, the energy-intensive process to make table sugar (sucrose) using beet juice is unnecessary for biofuel/biochemical production. To overcome this challenge, this study aims to address alternative ways to produce highly demanded bio-products directly from the raw beet …
Study Of Seasonal Change And Water Stress Condition In Plant Leaf Using Polarimetric Lidar Measurement, Prabeen Kattel
Study Of Seasonal Change And Water Stress Condition In Plant Leaf Using Polarimetric Lidar Measurement, Prabeen Kattel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Study of vegetation is of great importance to the improvement of agriculture and forest management. Although there have been various attempts to characterize vegetation using remote sensing techniques, polarimetric lidar is a novel remote sensing tool that has shown potential in vegetation remote sensing. In this thesis, a near-infrared polarimetric lidar at 1064 nm was used to investigate the effects of seasonal change and water stress condition on plant leaves. Two variables, time and water content, affected the plant leaf laser depolarization ratio measurement. The first study focused on the maple tree in order to figure out how seasonal change …
Framed By Sexuality: An Examination Of Identity-Messages In “Purity Culture” Reflections, Ashley Pikel
Framed By Sexuality: An Examination Of Identity-Messages In “Purity Culture” Reflections, Ashley Pikel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purity culture is a movement many young Evangelical Christians experienced in the 1990s and early 2000s. Purity culture espouses many values including practicing abstinence until marriage, observing strict dating and/or courtship rules, and remaining physically, emotionally, and spiritually pure. In 1997 Joshua Harris authored I Kissed Dating Goodbye (IKDG) which popularized purity culture principles. Over the past twenty years, Harris reflected on his writings as well as feedback from others to determine that some of what he wrote was incorrect. In 2016, Harris requested IKDG readers to submit their experiences with the book in the form of personal stories. Through …
Effect Of Poisson’S Ratio On Young's Modulus Characterization Using Ultrasonic Technique By Modeling, Michael Onyetube
Effect Of Poisson’S Ratio On Young's Modulus Characterization Using Ultrasonic Technique By Modeling, Michael Onyetube
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The past 27 years has witnessed a revolutionary growth in the progress of material development and application in almost all industry and business sectors, and this seems to be continuing even today. So many material-driven innovations have enabled the global spread in technology and improvements in capability, ranging from communications to aerospace and healthcare, to automotive and agriculture. Mechanical behavior of elastic materials is modeled by two main independent constants; Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. An accurate measurement of both constants is necessary in most engineering applications, for example, the standard materials used for the calibration of some equipment, quality …
Assessment Of The Impacts Of Marijuana Legalization In Sioux Falls, South Dakota, Michael Lynch
Assessment Of The Impacts Of Marijuana Legalization In Sioux Falls, South Dakota, Michael Lynch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As marijuana legalization expands in the United States, communities that are shifting rapidly from prohibition to legalization are impacted greatly. As South Dakota remains one of the only states in the nation that has not engaged the marijuana reform movement in any manner, it is vital to assess potential impacts marijuana legalization might have on the state. Although there are several marijuana impact reports that analyze potential health and economic impacts of legalization, few address political and criminological implications that impacted areas undergo as a result of this policy change. Subsequently, there is a need to analyze the impacts of …
Nutritional Value Of Modified Novel Oilseed Meals In Teleost Diets, Tom Kasiga
Nutritional Value Of Modified Novel Oilseed Meals In Teleost Diets, Tom Kasiga
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Carinata Brassica carinata and camelina Camelina sativa are being genetically modified to improve their composition for biofuel production and other agricultural applications. After oil extraction, the residual de-oiled meals (40%) in protein. However, their inclusion in animal feeds is limited to 10% because of high levels of antinutritional factors (ANFs), mainly glucosinolates (GLS), sinapine, and crude fiber that limit diet intake, nutrient utilization, and lower thyroxine production, resulting in reduced growth. The nutritional value of carinata and camelina seed meals to fish were assessed by subjecting cold pressed (CP) carinata and camelina meals to extrusion (EX), solvent extraction (SE) and …
The Role Of Programs And Policies In Shaping The Observed School Nutrition Environment And Rural Childhood Obesity, Shadai Martin
The Role Of Programs And Policies In Shaping The Observed School Nutrition Environment And Rural Childhood Obesity, Shadai Martin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Childhood obesity is an ongoing public health concern that impacts many children in the United States. Research has shown that the prevalence of childhood obesity is higher in rural populations compared to non-rural populations. This may be attributable to differences in the school nutrition environment, particularly school meals and school wellness policy implementation. In order to design effective intervention targeted at weight management and obesity reduction, information regarding the school nutrition environment must be known. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine the school nutrition environment, particularly school lunch participation and weight outcomes between metro, non-metro and rural …
Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used To Control Weeds And Provide Nitrogen, Michael Carlson
Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used To Control Weeds And Provide Nitrogen, Michael Carlson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Weeds are one of the biggest challenges for organic growers because of the alternative weed control methods. Air-propelled abrasive grit management has been reported to control weed seedlings in corn and soybeans while maintaining yield. This research examined the weed control, corn and soybean yields, nitrogen mineralization, and nitrogen yield responses from grits. The grits used in this research included: Phytaboost Plant Food 7-1-2 (soybean meal), Sustane 8-2-4 and 4-6-4 (turkey litters), and two non-fertilizer grits: Agra Grit (walnut shells) and corn cob meal. Field studies were conducted from 2015 to 2017 in Aurora, SD, Beresford, SD and Morris, MN. …
Development Of A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method For The Analysis Of Next-Generation Cyanide Antidote, 3-Mercaptopyruvate, In Plasma, Elaf Alzhrani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although the current FDA approved cyanide antidotes (i.e., sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate, and hydoxocoboalamine) are effective for treating cyanide poisoning, each individual antidote has major limitations, including large effective dosage, delayed onset of action, or dependence on enzymes generally confined to specific organs. To overcome these current limitations, next-generation cyanide antidotes are being investigated, including 3-mercaptopyruvate (3-MP). Analytical methods capable of detecting 3-MP from plasma are essential for the development of 3-MP as a nextgeneration cyanide antidote. Although 3-MP has been analyzed by LC-MS-MS, this instrument is not widely available. Therefore, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescence …
Baseball In The Background: Season Ticket Holder Retention In Summer Collegiate Baseball, Susan Wallrich
Baseball In The Background: Season Ticket Holder Retention In Summer Collegiate Baseball, Susan Wallrich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate season ticket purchasing motives in summer collegiate baseball, specifically in the Northwoods League. The Sport Fan Motivation Scale (Wann, Schrader, & Wilson, 1999) was used in this study to determine fan attendance motives at summer collegiate baseball games. The literature review examines fan motivation, sports as entertainment, and season-ticket holder retention. The results from this study were obtained by administering a modified version of the Sport Fan Motivation Scale (Wann et al., 1999), a 20-question, 5 point, Likert scale survey to season ticket holders of a Northwoods League team. The outcome of …
Effects Of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Yeast Supplementation And Supplementation Frequency On Immune Parameters, Performance, And Digestibility Among Periparturient Beef Cows And Calves, Janine Swartz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Effects of enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast (EHY) and supplementation frequency (FREQ) on immune parameters among beef cows and calves was evaluated. Eighty multiparous (parity = 4.2 ± 0.3) cows were fed a common brome hay-based diet (CP = 8.0 ± 0.17%). Cows were blocked by expected calving date and stratified by body condition score (BCS) before random assignment of treatment. Beginning 88 ± 5 d prior to parturition, cows were provided 1 kg daily or 3 kg every 3 d of a soybean hull-based supplement (CP = 34.0, % of DM) that contained 0 or 3 g/kg EHY. The daily supplement …
Flexural Analysis Of 3d Printed Members, Yazen Hindieh
Flexural Analysis Of 3d Printed Members, Yazen Hindieh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Flexural analysis of a beam is the determination of the bending capacity of the beam when it is undergoing a load causing the beam to bend. 3D printed plastic beams have not been characterized and analyzed yet. However, this research characterizes 3D-printed PLA beams and provides projects for future researchers. The literature describes several fields that utilizes 3D-printing. In this research, we introduce an innovative approach to investigate the flexural properties of a 3D printed composite beam, made of PLA and locally available soil. The flexural testing will determine the behavior and mechanical properties of the 3D printed beams. The …
Nutritional And Health Benefits Enhancement Of Wheat-Based Food Products Using Chickpea And Distiller’S Dried Grains, Waleed H.M. Alrayyes
Nutritional And Health Benefits Enhancement Of Wheat-Based Food Products Using Chickpea And Distiller’S Dried Grains, Waleed H.M. Alrayyes
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The first objective of this research was to enhance nutritional, rheological, sensory profiles, and shelf life of wheat-based pita bread using chickpea (CP) and food grade distiller’s dried grains (FDDG) as fortification ingredients. CP and FDDG are both high-protein and high-fiber ingredients. Nutritional efficacy was evaluated. Dough rheology and product texture were also analyzed. Chemical, physical, and rheological properties of blends, doughs and finished products were evaluated and the results showed an increase in protein, fat, ash, and total dietary fiber with an increase of FDDG and CP in the wheat-based food formulation. Moisture content was decreased in both flour …
Molecular Level Encapsulation Of Chromophores Using Pillar[5]Arenes For Enhanced Photostability, Manik Gudimani
Molecular Level Encapsulation Of Chromophores Using Pillar[5]Arenes For Enhanced Photostability, Manik Gudimani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organic π-conjugated materials have been researched extensively for a number of applications including organic photovoltaics, electrooptic (EO) modulation, solid-state lasing, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), biological imaging and sensing, chemical sensing and ligands for photocatalysts. These organic optoelectronic materials have one major issue that affects its performance and lifetime—photostability. For some applications, hermetical packaging, which is expensive, is required to prevent degradation by light and oxygen. Photooxidation occurs when a material is exposed to light and causes structural and chemical changes leading to photodegradation of the material. The two primary degradation mechanisms responsible for photooxidation involve superoxide radical anion and …