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Understanding The Impacts Of Global Change: From Students To Microbes., Kylea Garces
Understanding The Impacts Of Global Change: From Students To Microbes., Kylea Garces
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Global change is a crucial process, affecting every organism, from the billions of humans on earth, to the billions of microbes in the soil belowground. Evaluating the impacts of the many drastic changes associated with global change is essential in advancing our understanding in how to mitigate these consequences. Alongside the production of basic ecological knowledge associated with these environmental changes, improving education practices to promote science literacy surrounding global change is another step towards a more optimistic future. This dissertation investigates global change from two standpoints: ecologically, where increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition alters plant-fungal endophyte symbiosis, and pedagogically, …
Chemosensory Processing By The Mediodorsal Thalamus., Kelly Fredericksen
Chemosensory Processing By The Mediodorsal Thalamus., Kelly Fredericksen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The mediodorsal thalamus (MD) is thought to be key component of the network that processes chemosensory information to guide our consummatory choices. Previous studies show that the mediodorsal thalamus receives projections from both the piriform cortex (PC) and gustatory cortex (GC), suggesting that it may process chemosensory information from both areas. Although the mediodorsal thalamus has been shown to respond to odors detected by sniffing, it remains unknown how its neurons represent experienced odors, tastes, and odor-taste mixtures originating from the mouth. Importantly, humans and animals with mediodorsal thalamic lesions do not suffer from anosmia, but experience deficits in odor …
Supraspinal Reorganization After Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury., Luis Alvarado
Supraspinal Reorganization After Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury., Luis Alvarado
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pediatric spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the efferent and afferent flow of the developing brain, leading to devastating functional impairments below the injury site, yet our understanding of its impact on the brain remains limited. This study examines supraspinal reorganization in children with SCI using electrophysiology and neuroimaging techniques to understand the relationship between residual spinal transmission and supraspinal reorganization. Chapter 2 discusses the development of a child-centric approach using ‘learn, play, and practice’ to foster a trusting relationship with each child and increase compliance with experimental protocols. Chapter 3 evaluates the residual neural transmission of three spinal pathways in …
Mach And Froude Numbers On Mars., Camella-Rosa Nasr
Mach And Froude Numbers On Mars., Camella-Rosa Nasr
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mars atmospheric global circulation models exhibit transonic jet streaks during
northern winter, which motivates this study of the Mach number, Ma (the ratio of
flow speed to the speed of sound), and the Froude number, Fr (the ratio of flow
speed to the speed of buoyancy waves), as a function of season and location. Two
global reanalyses spanning Mars Years (MY) 24 to 33 are used as input, EMARS
and OpenMARS. The study’s vertical coordinate is the isentropic variable potential
temperature, θ, ranging from θ = 125 to 1100 K, which corresponds to altitudes
ranging on average from z ≈ …
A Meta-Analysis Of The Academic Achievement Of Students With Emotional/Behavioral Disorders In Traditional Public Schools In The United States., Dana Page
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Extensive research has been conducted on students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) and their rates of challenging behavior. Less attention has been given to their academic achievement and outcomes. Recent research examining outcomes for students with EBD has indicated that these students receive lower grades, are less likely to pass classes, and experience higher rates of school dropout than students without disabilities and students with other high incidence disabilities. Given that between 2% and 20% of the school-age population is likely to have EBD (though many may not be identified as such), this is no small problem. Despite the …
Synthesis, Property Tuning And Degradation Studies Of Phosphorene-Based Materials., Usman Onuminya Abu
Synthesis, Property Tuning And Degradation Studies Of Phosphorene-Based Materials., Usman Onuminya Abu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have sparked the interest of researchers because of their interesting properties drawn from quantum confinement effects, elevated density of states (DOS), increased surface area, increased active sites, etc. Phosphorene, an interesting addition to the 2D material family in 2014, has interesting properties such as in-plane anisotropy, elevated carrier mobility and thickness-dependent bandgaps that have made it a material of intense interest. Furthermore, there have been theoretical studies predicting that phosphorene could be made even more versatile by intercalating alkali atoms into its layers. Intercalation has proven to be a veritable tool for synthesis, modification, transformation, and …
The Evolution Of Empathy: Through The Lens Of A Rodent Model., Caroline Driscoll-Braden
The Evolution Of Empathy: Through The Lens Of A Rodent Model., Caroline Driscoll-Braden
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Empathy is the capacity to be affected by and share the emotions of others, to discern the circumstances prompting another’s emotional state, and to identify with another by adopting their perspective. Research investigating the empathically motivated behavior of rats can help inform the evolutionary history of empathy and provide additional support of the continuity of empathy in animals and humans. In this dissertation, I examine the helping behavior of rats to explore the complexities of rodent empathy. In Chapter I, I review the multiple layers of empathy and describe both historical and contemporary research examining empathy in non-humans. I explain …
Guided Data Augmentation For Improved Semi-Supervised Image Classification In Low Data Regime., Fadoua Khmaissia
Guided Data Augmentation For Improved Semi-Supervised Image Classification In Low Data Regime., Fadoua Khmaissia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Deep learning models have achieved state of the art performances, especially for computer vision applications. Much of the recent successes can be attributed to the existence of large, high quality, labeled datasets. However, in many real-world applications, collecting similar datasets is often cumbersome and time consuming. For instance, developing robust automatic target recognition models from infrared images still faces major challenges. This is mainly due to the difficulty of acquiring high resolution inputs, sensitivity to the thermal sensors' calibration, meteorological conditions, targets' scale and viewpoint invariance. Ideally, a good training set should contain enough variations within each class for the …
Adverse Birth Outcomes: Investigating The Role Of Nativity And Perceived Racial Discrimination Among Black Mothers Enrolled In Des Moines, Iowa Healthy Start., Kendria Kelly-Taylor
Adverse Birth Outcomes: Investigating The Role Of Nativity And Perceived Racial Discrimination Among Black Mothers Enrolled In Des Moines, Iowa Healthy Start., Kendria Kelly-Taylor
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Birth outcomes for Black women in the United States (US) are disproportionately worse in comparison to non-Black women, even when controlling for potential confounders. Existing studies suggest foreign-born (FB) Black women present better birth outcomes in comparison to US-born (USB) Black women. Also, the longer FB Black women live in the US, the more their perinatal health advantage diminishes. Racial discrimination has been hypothesized as a potential reason for this decline. This dissertation investigates the relationship between nativity and adverse birth outcomes while also exploring how the reporting of racial discrimination impacts birth outcomes among FB and USB Black mothers …
Factors Associated With Skin Cancer Prevention: Primary And Secondary Behaviors., Jeanne Ward
Factors Associated With Skin Cancer Prevention: Primary And Secondary Behaviors., Jeanne Ward
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Skin cancer, seemingly more innocuous than other cancers, maintains the highest incidence among cancers in the United States. While it is treatable early, metastasized melanoma or other carcinomas present severe illness with high mortality rates and disproportionate 5-year survival rates among ethnic/racial groups. Fortunately, most skin cancer is highly treatable when found in the early stages. However, this necessitates prevention tactics to avoid the causative agent, ultraviolet radiation, and regular skin screening to catch the disease in earlier stages. Unfortunately, these tactics are not widely conducted by adults, despite substantial skin cancer awareness. Therefore, motivating people to perform these health …
Identification Of A Role Beyond Iron Acquisition For Yersiniabactin During Yersinia Pestis Infection., Sarah Price
Identification Of A Role Beyond Iron Acquisition For Yersiniabactin During Yersinia Pestis Infection., Sarah Price
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Yersinia pestis is a Gram-negative re-emerging bacterial pathogen that is responsible for bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plague. Y. pestis and other bacteria require transition metals, such as iron, zinc, and manganese, to maintain intermediary metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and virulence. To inhibit infection, eukaryotic organisms have developed distinct mechanisms, called nutritional immunity, to sequester these important nutrients from invading bacteria. For pathogens to colonize the vertebrate host, they have evolved dedicated acquisition systems for transition metals. During infection, Y. pestis overcomes iron limitation by secreting the siderophore yersiniabactin. Additionally, Y. pestis requires zinc for infection and utilizes high affinity transporters to …
Barriers And Facilitators Of Dairy Consumption Among Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome., Kofi Amoh-Mensah
Barriers And Facilitators Of Dairy Consumption Among Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome., Kofi Amoh-Mensah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
About 35% of the United States adult population meets the criteria for metabolic syndrome, representing about 85 million individuals. Consuming dairy products protects against the development of the metabolic syndrome and protects against the development of complications associated with it. However, approximately 10% of the U.S. population meets the daily recommendation for dairy products. Information about the use of dairy products among people living with metabolic syndrome is relatively unknown, even though it will benefit them the most. About 49% of respondents met the guidance of three servings per day, and the most common facilitator was access to dairy products.
Structural, Magnetic, Electrical, Pseudocapacitive, And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Bilayered Ruddlesden-Popper Oxides., Chandana Kananke-Gamage
Structural, Magnetic, Electrical, Pseudocapacitive, And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Bilayered Ruddlesden-Popper Oxides., Chandana Kananke-Gamage
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ruddlesden Popper (RP) oxides are perovskite-derived functional materials with the general formula An-1Aʹ2BnO3n+1, where A/Aʹ is often a lanthanide or alkaline earth metal, and B is usually a transition metal. These materials contain perovskite-like connectivity, where BO6 units share apexes to form layers that are stacked above each other. The number of layers in each stack is represented by n in the above formula. The spaces between stacks are often occupied by lanthanide or alkaline-earth metals (Aʹ-site metals), which also reside in intra-stack spaces (A-site) between the octahedra. Oxide materials derived from perovskites have been studied for a wide range …
Children's Beliefs About Hierarchical Structures And Relationships., Megan Norris
Children's Beliefs About Hierarchical Structures And Relationships., Megan Norris
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Children are surrounded by social structures such as families, schools, and workplaces which are often arranged hierarchically with some people holding more power than others. This dissertation explores how children think about hierarchical relationships and more complex hierarchical structures. In Chapter 2, children were asked to evaluate the traits of people who hold hierarchically dominant and subordinate social roles. With age, 4- to 6-year-olds increasingly inferred that dominant individuals have social power and they deferred to their instructions (Chapter 2, Study 1). Furthermore, 5- and 6-year-olds attributed knowledgeability to individuals with dominant social roles but overall children did not prefer …
Second Nature: Impressions Of Place., Trish Korte
Second Nature: Impressions Of Place., Trish Korte
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For my art practice, I grow and forage my art materials for eco printing, a direct contact printing method that reveals leaf shapes and hidden imagery through heat and pressure. I take specific cues from surrounding materials, objects, and environments. Tree systems and compelling textures of fungus are interpreted through ceramic and fiber. With an ongoing collaboration of natural materials and eco printing processes, my art speaks symbolically and metaphorically through imagery and materials. This thesis and accompanying exhibition present an examination of current work in context with an ongoing investigation of natural materials and eco printing.
Irreversible Electroporation Potentiates Beta Glucan Induced Trained Innate Immunity: A Novel Combination Treatment For Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma., Matthew Woeste
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a challenging diagnosis yet to benefit from advances in immune oncologic treatments. Irreversible electroporation, a non-thermal method of tumor ablation, is used in treatment of select patients with locally advanced unresectable PC and has potentiated the effect of certain immunotherapies. Yeast-derived particulate β-glucan induces trained innate immunity and successfully reduces murine PC tumor burden. This study tests the hypothesis that IRE may augment β-glucan-induced trained immunity in the treatment of PC. β-Glucan-trained pancreatic myeloid cells were evaluated ex vivo for trained responses and anti-tumor function after exposure to ablated and un-ablated tumor conditioned media. β-Glucan and …
Toward A Comprehensive Account Of Orientation Selectivity In The Retina., Megan Zipperer
Toward A Comprehensive Account Of Orientation Selectivity In The Retina., Megan Zipperer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) form functionally distinct signaling channels that selectively encode features of the visual input including direction of motion, contrast polarity, size, and color. A highly conserved visual channel amongst vertebrates conveys orientation selectivity, i.e., the selective firing of neuronal cells in response to elongated stimuli along a preferred orientation. Orientation selectivity is an apparent critical computation and several studies have reported aspects of it, including cell type identity in anatomical reconstructions, and functional characterization of at least four different identified RGC types. But how cell types in the different studies relate is not well resolved; the mechanisms …
Microgenerations: Bridging The Generation Gap In Workplace Values., Melissa Kempf Taylor
Microgenerations: Bridging The Generation Gap In Workplace Values., Melissa Kempf Taylor
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Generational differences are a popular topic, and attention to them is heightened each time a new generational cohort comes of age. This trend continues with increasing interest in the Homelander generation that is now entering the workforce. Differences in values are often blamed for tensions in generationally diverse organizations. Past generational research has reported mixed results and acquired many critics. This study aimed to address common challenges with generational research and assist in distinguishing between truly valid and simply popular information. This study’s purpose was to identify differences in values between members of major generational cohorts and individuals in microgenerations …
Menstruation Stigma: A Qualitative Exploratory Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Nepali Women., Imisha Gurung
Menstruation Stigma: A Qualitative Exploratory Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Nepali Women., Imisha Gurung
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Despite the numerous challenges and barriers that menstruation taboos and stigma pose to the health and well-being of Nepali women and girls, this problem has received little attention in Nepal and has been under-researched. This study fills a critical gap in our understanding of the lived menstruation experience of Nepali women utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach in Kathmandu, Nepal. The data collection comprised in-depth, semi- structured interviews with 22 Nepali women. The findings provide various influencing socio- cultural factors at multiple levels of socioecological model that shapes the lived menstruation experiences of Nepali women and the impact on their mental, …
Epicertin: Preclinical Development Of A Novel Mucosal Healing Agent For Ulcerative Colitis., Micaela Reeves
Epicertin: Preclinical Development Of A Novel Mucosal Healing Agent For Ulcerative Colitis., Micaela Reeves
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes the development of a biotherapeutic agent, EPICERTIN, that fulfills an unmet treatment need for ulcerative colitis (UC): mucosal healing. EPICERTIN is a recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) variant with a KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif that is crucial for its wound healing capabilities. Previous studies have demonstrated that EPICERTIN’s mucosal healing activity is due, in part, to its prolonged residence in the ER which initiates an unfolded protein response (UPR) and subsequent TGF-β signaling and barrier repair in colonic epithelial cells. This activity was demonstrated in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model as well …
Impact Of Employee-Supervisor Attachment Styles On The Prevalence And Symptomatic Expression Of Secondary Traumatic Stress In Public Child Welfare Workers., Lisa Purdy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Child welfare organizations throughout the nation grapple with turnover rates estimated to be as high as 65% (e.g., CWLA, 2016; Edwards & Wideman, 2018). Turnover contributes negatively to client outcomes, organizational financial shortages, and to perpetuating stressful conditions for the child welfare workforce. One factor found to contribute to turnover within child welfare is that of secondary traumatic stress (STS). Child welfare workers are known to experience higher rates of STS than any other helping professional (Brady, 2017). However, while many risk and protective factors for secondary traumatic stress have been evaluated, there remains a gap in the literature as …
"Our House There Is Ugly But Still We Happy": An Ethnographic Study With Women Navigating Displacement And Resettlement., Bridget Kearney
"Our House There Is Ugly But Still We Happy": An Ethnographic Study With Women Navigating Displacement And Resettlement., Bridget Kearney
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In academic and public discourse, narratives surrounding refugee camps and the conditions within them typically depict experiences of sorrow and hardship. And, although the stories of struggle are certainly a part of the refugee experience, they are not the only part. This dissertation is a critical ethnographic study with a participatory research lens that focuses on the life experiences and storytelling practices of women in a resettled Sudanese family. It investigates the action of storytelling within displaced groups, the link between stories and community, and the importance of materiality and relationships in storytelling. This dissertation finds that storytelling can be …
Our Story, Our Song: Assessing And Addressing Black Women's Healthcare Experiences., Jason Deakings
Our Story, Our Song: Assessing And Addressing Black Women's Healthcare Experiences., Jason Deakings
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Despite advancements in medicine and health sciences, health disparities and declining life expectancy persists among Black women in the United States. Researchers and non-traditional healthcare providers suggest alternative healing (e.g., music and Sister Circles) and research methodologies to achieve a culturally conscious, traumainformed, quality, and holistic care and practice. The intersecting identities and cultural responsibility of Black women highly influences the barriers and facilitators on the uptake of healthcare services. Utilizing a community engaged research approach, this qualitative study assessed the healthcare experiences, as well as the role of music in the lived and retold experiences of Black women navigating …
Spirits In My Studio., Katelyn Gabbard
Spirits In My Studio., Katelyn Gabbard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The exhibition “Spirits in My Studio” unveils the inventories of elements in human relationships and connections through collecting and transforming remnants left behind—admiration of an object combined with a presentation format that creates an immersive three-dimensional field to traverse. An acknowledgment and celebration of entropy, the exchange in human experiences elevates the process to both content and medium. Moreover, it creates active entanglements with genuine physical relationships with the artist, the making, and the audience.
Fear Of Becoming A Victim Of Crime On A College Campus: A Visual And Factorial Experimental Design Survey Analysis Of Location And Demographic Factors., Nancy Steinmetz
Fear Of Becoming A Victim Of Crime On A College Campus: A Visual And Factorial Experimental Design Survey Analysis Of Location And Demographic Factors., Nancy Steinmetz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Vanessa LoBue (2013) states that the emotion of fear, “a signal of impending threat” (p. 38) is common among mammals. For over five decades, there has been substantial research into what in society, or our communities, makes us fearful. It is this author’s intention to examine how college students’ fear of crime or fear of victimization may be heightened or intensified by specific factors that are commonplace on college campuses and areas adjacent to those campuses. Nicole Rader (2004) argues that the fear of crime discourse needs to be expanded to a larger “construct” called “the threat of victimization” (p. …
Working For Yourself: A Guide For Performers With Learning Difference., Sa'id "Nxttime" Kelly
Working For Yourself: A Guide For Performers With Learning Difference., Sa'id "Nxttime" Kelly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Working For Yourself a Guide For Performers with Learning Differences is a combination of advice and tips that are intended to help performers especially those living with learning differences. The thesis helps performers find ways to work with their true selves on stage as well as in preparation for a role. There is no final result to this process, just multiple ways to be more confident with the choice you’ll make while performing and preparing for a role.
Still Got The Blues - No Time But Here, No Place But Now: Geographies Of Art & Activism In The Work Of Clyde Woods., Jake Mace
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The fight against displacement and dispossession in the increasingly inequitable process of reterritorialization is arguably the most pressing struggle of the modern city – and it is articulated through cultural production as much as through political debate and economic development. Yet research that is at the nexus of critical, urban, and cultural studies and which explores the resistant potential of countercultural production rather than the hegemonic impact of mainstream cultural production is underdeveloped. Clyde Woods’s blues epistemology offers a guide to reading cultural production of marginalized groups as maps of meaning that offer alternative visions of the past, the present, …
Compositional Engineering Of Precursor Inks For Intense Pulsed Light Compatible Deposition Of Perovskite Solar Cells., Blake Martin
Compositional Engineering Of Precursor Inks For Intense Pulsed Light Compatible Deposition Of Perovskite Solar Cells., Blake Martin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology offers a promising alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics (PVs), but challenges of stability, module efficiency, and scalability hinder commercialization. This study aims to explore potential solutions to overcome scalability and cost limitations of PSCs, addressing technical barriers to commercialization. We adapt the conventional three-stage perovskite deposition process (deposition, translational phase formation, and annealing) for scalable platforms using wide-area depositions, meniscus coating methods, forced laminar airflow drying, and radiative annealing methods, making it more suitable for roll-to-roll fabrication. A technoeconomic analysis shows that large-scale operations can produce solar films at a cost of $0.04-$0.10 per watt, making …
Modeling, Simulation And Control Of Microrobots For The Microfactory., Zhong Yang
Modeling, Simulation And Control Of Microrobots For The Microfactory., Zhong Yang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Future assembly technologies will involve higher levels of automation in order to satisfy increased microscale or nanoscale precision requirements. Traditionally, assembly using a top-down robotic approach has been well-studied and applied to the microelectronics and MEMS industries, but less so in nanotechnology. With the boom of nanotechnology since the 1990s, newly designed products with new materials, coatings, and nanoparticles are gradually entering everyone’s lives, while the industry has grown into a billion-dollar volume worldwide. Traditionally, nanotechnology products are assembled using bottom-up methods, such as self-assembly, rather than top-down robotic assembly. This is due to considerations of volume handling of large …
Transmission And The Evolution Of Diseases Caused By Chlamydia Trachomatis, Sars-Cov-2, And Plasmodium Species., Nathan Steffens
Transmission And The Evolution Of Diseases Caused By Chlamydia Trachomatis, Sars-Cov-2, And Plasmodium Species., Nathan Steffens
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Principles of natural selection have proven valuable for explaining why pathogens cause the diseases that they do. In theory, the evolved level of host exploitation should reflect how dependent a pathogen is on host health for transmission. This dependency is shaped by transmission mode and transmission opportunity, which should therefore be predictors of disease manifestations. In this dissertation, I apply these principles to investigations of depression in Chlamydia trachomatis and virulence of SARS-COV-2 and Plasmodium species. This dissertation has five chapters. In chapter I, I describe the theoretical foundation of my dissertation research. I also briefly introduce each study system. …