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A Longitudinal Examination Of Eating Disorders And Associated Risk Factors In Division I Student-Athletes, Nicole Court-Menendez Jan 2018

A Longitudinal Examination Of Eating Disorders And Associated Risk Factors In Division I Student-Athletes, Nicole Court-Menendez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

CONTEXT: Eating disorders represent a significant concern across multiple populations including collegiate athletes. Risk factors for eating disorders may be amplified in athletes because of internal and external performance and image expectations. Little is known about how these risk factors change over time in collegiate student-athletes.
OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally examine select eating disorder risk factors in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes.
DESIGN: Descriptive longitudinal study.
SETTING: NCAA Division I collegiate athletics.
PARTICIPANTS: Retired Division I collegiate athletes (n=204), ages 18-22, who competed in football, women’s soccer, women’s volleyball, baseball, men’s and women’s track and field, men’s and …


Life Sucks: Classifying Transgressive Fiction, Jena Christianson Jan 2018

Life Sucks: Classifying Transgressive Fiction, Jena Christianson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the genre of transgressive fiction and locates my own creative work within this genre. Los Angeles Times writer Michael Silverblatt popularized the term transgressive fiction in 1993 and associates authors such as Dennis Cooper, Kathy Acker, Roland Barthes, Bret Easton Ellis, Michel Foucault, William Gass, Jean Genet, and William Burroughs with the genre; however, the definition of transgressive fiction remains elusive. Therefore, in my first chapter, I analyze three transgressive novels—Bret Easton Ellis’s American Psycho, Chuck Palahniuk’s Fight Club, and Tony Tullamuthe’s Private Citizens. My second chapter consists of selections from my creative work, a transgressive novel …


Quantifying Potential Long-Term Changes In Erosion, Discharge, And Total Suspended Solids Resulting From Agricultural Land Use Change In South Dakota, Hector Manuel Menendez Iii Jan 2018

Quantifying Potential Long-Term Changes In Erosion, Discharge, And Total Suspended Solids Resulting From Agricultural Land Use Change In South Dakota, Hector Manuel Menendez Iii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

South Dakota is a mosaic of grasslands, wetlands, and cropland. A continuing shift from grassland to cropland has occurred over the past decade and is expected for the next 50 years. Rate of future conversion may vary greatly in response to regulatory, economic, and social factors. Concern has risen over environmental consequences associated with land conversion, which include but are not limited to changes in rill and sheet erosion rates from cultivated soils, stream and river discharge, and water quality. Quantifying future changes for these three externalities is important to understand the possible long-term consequences of complex grassland conversion decisions …


Replication, Virulence, And Pathogenesis Of Influenza Viruses, Chithra Chembil Sreenivasan Jan 2018

Replication, Virulence, And Pathogenesis Of Influenza Viruses, Chithra Chembil Sreenivasan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Influenza D virus (IDV) is a novel influenza virus that infects cattle and swine, with cattle as its primary host species. The goal of our first study was to investigate the replication and transmission of bovine IDV in guinea pigs. Following direct intranasal inoculation of animals, the virus was detected in nasal washes of infected animals during the first 7 days post-infection. High viral titers were obtained from nasal turbinates and lung tissues of directly inoculated animals. Further, bovine IDV was able to transmit from the infected guinea pigs to sentinel animals by means of contact and not by aerosol …


Increasing Access To High-Impact Practices: A Case Study On Internships At The University Of Mississippi, Kristina Phillips, Jennifer Saxon Jan 2018

Increasing Access To High-Impact Practices: A Case Study On Internships At The University Of Mississippi, Kristina Phillips, Jennifer Saxon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation-in-practice case study aimed to assess internships opportunities at the University of Mississippi (UM) to determine potential barriers for access among African American students and students with low socioeconomic backgrounds. Internships are a high impact practice, as identified by the American Association for Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) that provide students with tangible, real-world experience to prepare for careers after graduation. Experiential learning theories (Kolb, 1984; Dewey, 1938) and high-impact practices (Kuh, 2008) establish the importance of student engagement outside of traditional classroom settings. The patterns and frequency of internship participation are not clear for University of Mississippi students. Research …


The Role Of Brand Name Fluency: A Pharmaceutical Marketing Perspective, David Wamble Jan 2018

The Role Of Brand Name Fluency: A Pharmaceutical Marketing Perspective, David Wamble

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: consumers are exposed to thousands of advertisements, most all of which are designed to promote a particular brand and accompanying brand name. The selection of a brand name is a critical strategic decision and is an important means to building brand equity. The importance of branding elements, specifically brand names, has led pharmaceutical manufacturers to become more creative and open the possibilities of language in brand name development. Given the complexities associated with brand name development in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry and the trends observed in recent pharmaceutical brand names, advancing the understanding of how brand name selection can …


Measuring The Capabilities Infrastructure: A County-Level Index Of Nonprofit And Private Sector Organizational And Physical Community Capital, Ryan Thomas Snow Jan 2018

Measuring The Capabilities Infrastructure: A County-Level Index Of Nonprofit And Private Sector Organizational And Physical Community Capital, Ryan Thomas Snow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Across the United States, citizens’ communities provide vastly different access to critical resources that can improve their personal, familial, and collective well-being. Yet, little is known about the organization of the physical and organizational resource infrastructure of these communities, limiting the ability of policymakers, researchers, and citizens to address uneven development, inequality, and poverty. Drawing on 2015 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) data, this research study creates a tool for measuring the nonprofit and private organizational and physical resource environment of communities at the county-level by aggregating establishment counts for 20 indicators into six standardized thematic dimensions to create …


African American And First-Generation Students’ Perceptions Of And Experiences With An Academic Cohort, Kim Barnes Jan 2018

African American And First-Generation Students’ Perceptions Of And Experiences With An Academic Cohort, Kim Barnes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Underrepresented student populations are faced with numerous barriers and are often overlooked on many college campuses. The aim of this research was to better understand academic cohorts and if they help reduce some of the barriers faced by African American and first-generation students which can ultimately affect retention and persistence to graduation. In order to gather this information, interviews and surveys were conducted with students once enrolled in the foundations for academic success track (Fastrack) program at the University of Mississippi. Results from the interviews and surveys indicate that while the Fastrack program seemed to support successful social transitions for …


Comparisons Of Time To Task Failure And Muscle Activity For Two Different Submaximal Fatiguing Contractions, Sunggun Jeon Jan 2018

Comparisons Of Time To Task Failure And Muscle Activity For Two Different Submaximal Fatiguing Contractions, Sunggun Jeon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this study was to examine the time to task failure for two different fatiguing tasks (force vs. Position task) on elbow flexion exercise, in order to explore potential mechanisms of muscle fatigue. Twenty healthy and recreationally active individuals (10 men and 10 women) participated in this 3-visit investigation. At least 48 hours after the first visit as the familiarization, the subject returned for one of the experimental visits (order randomized). During the force task visit, the subject performed maximal voluntary contractions (mvcs), several submaximal trapezoid isometric contractions with different intensities (40% and 70% of mvc), and folloby …


Comparison Of Air Displacement Plethysmography And Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry For Estimation Of Body Fat Percentage In National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Athletes, Caitlyn Rose Chenevert Jan 2018

Comparison Of Air Displacement Plethysmography And Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry For Estimation Of Body Fat Percentage In National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Athletes, Caitlyn Rose Chenevert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this research is to study the Apple iOS and Android mobile frameworks from a developers' perspective. The first chapter introduces a historical overview of operating systems for mobile devices as well the motivation and objectives of the research. The second chapter introduces basic principles of the iOS and Android mobile frameworks in order to evaluate the platforms. The third chapter evaluates and compares the main features of both frameworks. The fourth chapter discusses the implementation of several applications on the iOS and Android mobile frameworks, which are used to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of each platform. …


The Effects Of Acidic Conditions And Tannins On The Survival, Development, And Behavior Of Cope’S Gray Treefrog (Hyla Chrysoscelis), Caleb E. Dodd Jan 2018

The Effects Of Acidic Conditions And Tannins On The Survival, Development, And Behavior Of Cope’S Gray Treefrog (Hyla Chrysoscelis), Caleb E. Dodd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As amphibians decline around the world, freshwater acidification resulting from pollutants and acid rain may be a contributor. The ability of organisms to cope with environmental changes is greatly mediated by behavior, and recent studies indicate that anthropogenic acidification impairs behavioral responses by impacting olfactory abilities of aquatic organisms. Responding appropriately to novel stimuli is important for individual performance and survival, and pollutants may cause organisms to behave maladaptively. In this study I sought to: a) determine whether the oviposition site choices of adult female frogs correspond with the pH and tannin conditions that maximize tadpole survival and performance in …


The Relationship Between Doctoral-Level Teaching Preparation Strategies In Cacrep-Accredited Counselor Education Programs And Self-Efficacy Toward Teaching, Eric Galen Suddeath Jan 2018

The Relationship Between Doctoral-Level Teaching Preparation Strategies In Cacrep-Accredited Counselor Education Programs And Self-Efficacy Toward Teaching, Eric Galen Suddeath

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study focused on the preparation of doctoral students enrolled in counselor education and supervision (CES) programs for their future responsibilities as teachers. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between CES doctoral students’ self-efficacy toward teaching, as measured by the Self-Efficacy toward Teaching Inventory (SETI), and several teaching preparation strategies identified in the CES literature and accreditation standards: formal coursework on college teaching, fieldwork experiences in teaching, and supervision of teaching fieldwork experiences. Data were collected from 171 CES doctoral students through an electronic survey tool. This study found that all of the identified teaching preparation variables were signicantly related …


Examining Factors Related To Teacher Turnover In Mississippi School Districts And The Relationship Between Teacher Experience, Teacher Turnover, And Student Achievement, Angela Wheeler - Bass Jan 2018

Examining Factors Related To Teacher Turnover In Mississippi School Districts And The Relationship Between Teacher Experience, Teacher Turnover, And Student Achievement, Angela Wheeler - Bass

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Three Essays On Insurance Asset Management, Xin Che Jan 2018

Three Essays On Insurance Asset Management, Xin Che

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The insurance industry manages a large amount of financial assets. In recent years, a growing number of investment companies are providing insurance asset management solutions, and the use of external asset management by the insurance industry is increasing over time. Therefore, understanding insurance asset management is important for academics and practitioners in both insurance and general finance. In the first essay, we investigate industrial portfolio tilt (referred to as “industry bias”) in the U.S. property liability insurers’ comstock portfolios. We find that U.S. property-liability insurers exhibit a negative industry bias by tilting their portfolios away from their own industry. We …


Food Insecurity And Physical And Mental Health Of Elementary School Children In A Rural, Appalachian Mississippi Community, Kelsey Reece Dismukes Jan 2018

Food Insecurity And Physical And Mental Health Of Elementary School Children In A Rural, Appalachian Mississippi Community, Kelsey Reece Dismukes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Household food insecurity has been associated with poor physical health and behavioral and psychological problems in children. This study examined differences in parent/caregiver-perceived child health and parent/caregiver-reported behavioral and psychological problems by food security status of elementary school children (Kindergarten through 6th grade) living in rural, Appalachian Mississippi. This study used a cross-sectional survey of elementary school parents/caregivers recruited at three elementary schools in an economically-distressed Appalachian MS county. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (versions 23, 2015) to assess for differences in HLTH (t-test), BEHAV (Chi Square), and PSYCH (Chi Square) by household food security status. The relationship of …


The Effect Of Restaurant Menu Labeling On Attitudes Towards Menu Labeling And Eating Behaviors Of Ncaa Athletes, Recreational Athletes, And Non-Athletes’ In A University Setting, Virginia Mitchell Jan 2018

The Effect Of Restaurant Menu Labeling On Attitudes Towards Menu Labeling And Eating Behaviors Of Ncaa Athletes, Recreational Athletes, And Non-Athletes’ In A University Setting, Virginia Mitchell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Intro College students eat the majority of their meals outside of the home, which likely means that college students are impacted by calories consumed in restaurants, including campus dining halls. The Affordable Care Act, while not fully operationalized, requires calorie content labels be included on menus and menu boards in restaurants so that consumers are aware of the calories of menu items selected. Therefore, it is important to explore college students, including athletes, attitudes and behaviors toward menu labeling in an on-campus dining facility setting. The objectives of this study were to determine NCAA athletes, recreational athletes, and non-athlete’s attitudes …


The Slippery Slope Between Falling And Recovering: An Examination Of Sensory And Somatic Factors Influencing Recovery After A Slip, Samuel J. Wilson Jan 2018

The Slippery Slope Between Falling And Recovering: An Examination Of Sensory And Somatic Factors Influencing Recovery After A Slip, Samuel J. Wilson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Slips and falls account for large rates of injury and mortality in multiple populations. During an unexpected slip, sensory mechanisms are responsible for signaling the slip to the central nervous system, and a series of corrective responses is generated to arrest the slip and prevent a fall. While previous research has examined the corrective responses elicited, the answer of how these systems break down during a fall remains elusive. Purpose: To examine differences in postural control (slip detection), lower extremity corrective responses (slip recovery), and cortical control of the slip recovery response between individuals who fall and those who …


Perceptions Of Executive Female Leaders In Athletics, Lynnette Y. Johnson Jan 2018

Perceptions Of Executive Female Leaders In Athletics, Lynnette Y. Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 1981 the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) developed the designation of Senior Woman Administrator (SWA) within the membership. With the addition of women’s athletic programs in the NCAA starting in the 1981-1982 season, the NCAA knew there was a need to guarantee at least one executive woman was seated at the decision-making table to support the new female teams ("NCAA SWA brochure," 2011). Title IX legislation was already a decade old when the NCAA added women’s teams and the platform to grow women in sport was forefront (Glazor-Raymo, Townsend, & Ropers-Huilman, 2000, p. 184). Today, there are women in …


The Relationship Between Note-Taking Method And Grade Point Average When Controlling For Act Score And Self-Regulation Ability In Undergraduate Students, Donna Lee Gurley Jan 2018

The Relationship Between Note-Taking Method And Grade Point Average When Controlling For Act Score And Self-Regulation Ability In Undergraduate Students, Donna Lee Gurley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A sample of 130 students from a mid-sized research university in the southern United States were asked questions about their note-taking practices, particularly about the percentage of classes in which they had taken notes on a laptop for both the previous semester and for their entire undergraduate career. Note-taking method was then entered as an independent variable along with composite ACT score and each students' score on the Self Regulation Survey (SRS) (Schwarzer, Diehl, & Schmitz, 1999) into a multiple regression analysis to determine the extent to which there is a relationship between note-taking method and grade point average. No …


The Use And Effectiveness Of Warm-Downs By Brass Students From The University Of Mississippi And Band Directors From Mississippi, David Matthew Cuevas Jan 2018

The Use And Effectiveness Of Warm-Downs By Brass Students From The University Of Mississippi And Band Directors From Mississippi, David Matthew Cuevas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although many instrumental directors recognize the importance of warm-downs for their brass players, actual research surrounding the topic is practically non-existent. This study was started with the purpose of determining the effectiveness and use of warm-downs in the state of Mississippi. Twenty brass players from The University of Mississippi were surveyed over the course of four weeks; at the end of each week the subjects would report the amount of pain they experienced while playing. In addition, band directors from various parts of Mississippi where surveyed on how they implemented warm-downs. The study found that there was a direct correlation …


Functionality And Role Of Different Fatty Alcohols In Topical O/W Cream Formulation, Supriya Bhide Jan 2018

Functionality And Role Of Different Fatty Alcohols In Topical O/W Cream Formulation, Supriya Bhide

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fatty alcohols are excipients that are abundantly used in various pharmaceutical formulations. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating different fatty alcohols on microstructural and formulation characteristics of topical o/w clotrimazole cream formulation. The formulations containing different fatty alcohols as Kolliwax® CSA 50 (CSA 50), Kolliwax® CSA 70 (CSA 70), Kolliwax® MA (MA), Kolliwax® CA (CA), Kolliwax® SA (SA) were prepared by selecting suitable RPM and homogenization time. The M.P. of API and fatty alcohols were determined using DSC technique. The prepared cream formulations were evaluated for their phase separation. The various tests like …


Polymer Based Delivery Of Doxycycline Hyclate For The Prevention Of Peri-Implant Mucositis Infection, Sagar Deepak Sawant Jan 2018

Polymer Based Delivery Of Doxycycline Hyclate For The Prevention Of Peri-Implant Mucositis Infection, Sagar Deepak Sawant

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Peri-implant mucositis is a silent inflammatory condition that is destructive in nature affecting only the soft tissues in the vicinity of dental implants. The current line of treatment includes the use of systemic antibiotics, mechanical debridement using LASER decontamination, the use of mouthwash or oral rinsing with chlorhexidine, maintenance and improvement of oral hygiene, mechanical debridement with or without systemic antibiotic treatment, mechanical debridement with or without the use of local drug delivery systems. However, these treatments do not solve the problem of implant rejection as peri-mucositis progresses to per-implantitis which causes severe bone loss and ultimately leading to implant …


Engagement Strategies And Their Impact On Underserved Students, Tonyalle Vershutte Rush Jan 2018

Engagement Strategies And Their Impact On Underserved Students, Tonyalle Vershutte Rush

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Engagement Strategies And Their Impact On Underserved Students, Marquis Mccloud Jan 2018

Engagement Strategies And Their Impact On Underserved Students, Marquis Mccloud

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Novel Applications Of Hot-Melt Extrusion Technology, Ajinkya Moreshwar Bhagurkar Jan 2018

Novel Applications Of Hot-Melt Extrusion Technology, Ajinkya Moreshwar Bhagurkar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hot-melt extrusion, an adaptable technology, has established its position in a wide spectrum of manufacturing operations like amorphous solid dispersions, immediate and controlled oral formulations, implants, and taste masked products. In recent years the industrial focus has shifted towards continuous manufacturing, thus melt extrusion is being explored for new applications. The aim of this research work was to investigate the novel applications of hot-melt extrusion by carrying out an in depth study to understand the interplay between the process and the product. The conventional techniques used for the preparation of ointments and nanostructured lipid carriers are multi-step and time consuming …


A Body A Day: Constructing Deviance At The Mississippi State Asylum, Rachel Christine Childs Jan 2018

A Body A Day: Constructing Deviance At The Mississippi State Asylum, Rachel Christine Childs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Though the first graves of assumed-former asylum patients were discovered at the University of Mississippi Medical Center over 25 years ago, it wasn’t until 2017 that the estimated body count—which had been rising in reports for several years—rose above 7,000. Along with national attention, the growing burial site has prompted large-scale efforts by a consortium of scientists and scholars to determine how best to utilize and memorialize the remains, and yet to date, a complete cultural study that explores the sociopolitical context which these people represent has yet to be published. Consisting primarily of archival material and interviews, my research …


A Comparison Of The Acute Muscular Response And Long-Term Adaptation To Resistance Training Using Traditional High Loads Or Very Low Loads With Different Degrees Of Blood Flow Restriction In The Lower Body, Matthew Brian Jessee Jan 2018

A Comparison Of The Acute Muscular Response And Long-Term Adaptation To Resistance Training Using Traditional High Loads Or Very Low Loads With Different Degrees Of Blood Flow Restriction In The Lower Body, Matthew Brian Jessee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To compare acute and chronic responses to lower body resistance exercise using: high-load (70/0), very low-load alone (15/0), with moderate (15/40), or higher (15/80) blood flow restriction. Conditions labeled (% One-repetition maximum/% arterial occlusion pressure). Acute: Trained participants (12 males, 11 females) completed knee extension exercise (4 sets to failure capped at 90 repetitions) with each condition. Muscle thickness and torque were assessed before (Pre), after (Post), and fifteen minutes after (Post-15) exercise; surface electromyography (EMG) during. Chronic: Untrained participants (20 males, 20 females) performed the same exercise, with one condition assigned to each leg, twice per week for …


Acute And Chronic Skeletal Muscle Response To Very Low Load Resistance Exercise With And Without The Application Of Blood Flow Restriction In The Upper Body, Samuel Louis Buckner Jan 2018

Acute And Chronic Skeletal Muscle Response To Very Low Load Resistance Exercise With And Without The Application Of Blood Flow Restriction In The Upper Body, Samuel Louis Buckner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the acute and chronic effects of resistance exercise with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on skeletal muscle. Methods: The acute study examined changes in torque, muscle thickness (MTH), and surface electromyography (EMG) in response to resistance exercise with high load [70% 1RM,(7000)], low load [15% 1RM,(1500)], low load with moderate (BRF) [15% 1RM+40%BFR(1540)], or low load with greater BFR [15% 1RM+80%BFR(1580)]. The chronic study investigated changes in MTH, strength, and endurance following 8-weeks. Acute results: Following exercise, the 7000 condition had lower (p<0.05) MTH [4.2(1.0) cm] compared to the 1500 [4.4 (1.1)cm], 1540 [4.4(1.1)cm], and 1580 [4.5(1.0cm] conditions. This continued 15 minutes post. Immediately following exercise torque was (p<0.05) lower in the 1500 [31.8 (20) Nm], 1540 [28.3(16.9) Nm] and 1580 [29.5 (17) Nm] conditions compared to the 7000 condition [40 (19) Nm]. 15 minutes post, 1500 and 1540 conditions demonstrated lower torque compared to the 7000 condition. For the first three repetitions of EMG the 7000 condition displayed greater amplitude compared to all low load conditions (p<0.001). For the last three repetitions percentage EMG was greater in the 7000 compared to the 1580 condition. Chronic results: 1RM strength changes were greater in the 7000 condition [2.09 (95% CI=1.35-2.83) kg] compared to all low load conditions. For isometric and isokinetic strength there were no changes. For endurance there was a main effect for time [mean pre to post change = 7.9 (4.3–11.6) repetitions]. At the 50% site, the mean change in MTH in the 7000 condition [0.16 (0.10-0.22) cm] was greater than all low load conditions. For the 60% site, the mean change in MTH [0.15 (0.08-0.22)] was greater than all low load conditions. For the 70% site there was a main effect for time [mean pre to post change = 0.09 (0.5–0.14 cm]. Conclusions: Very load loads produce a similar acute response regardless of pressure. This response was greater than that observed in the 7000 group. Very low loads produce skeletal muscle growth. However, this response is not as robust as that observed following high load training.


The Use Of Crisis Communication Strategies To Build Community Resilience: Evidence From Emergency Managers, Brittany Haupt Jan 2018

The Use Of Crisis Communication Strategies To Build Community Resilience: Evidence From Emergency Managers, Brittany Haupt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As public administration evolved to encompass a strong focus on supporting safe growth and development for communities, the role and responsibilities of government became increasingly complex with aspects of emergency management becoming quintessential. The ability to assess resilience plays a strong role in understanding the capability of a community to face a range of threats. Additionally, issues with communication uncovered the need to understand how administrators collect, disseminate, and adapt critical information through understanding crisis type and local community needs. This dissertation discusses the connection between public administration and emergency management, the evolution of crisis communication and strategies, resilience and …


Examining The Influence Of Personal And Environmental Factors On Treatment Outcomes In Opioid Dependent Medication-Assisted Treatment Patients., Vierne Placide Jan 2018

Examining The Influence Of Personal And Environmental Factors On Treatment Outcomes In Opioid Dependent Medication-Assisted Treatment Patients., Vierne Placide

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Opioid abuse has become a global epidemic and is now a huge public health concern here in the US. Non-medicinal use of opioid prescription drugs is at the forefront of the epidemic and considered the "gateway" drug to other illicit opioid use. As opioid prescribing has increased over the last decade in the US, so has opioid-related deaths, surpassing car accidents and suicide as the leading cause of injury-related deaths. Medication assisted treatment (MAT) is fundamental in decreasing opioid abuse overdose and mortality. Therefore, the research study aims to determine if counseling adherence, opioid abstinence, and retention in MATs are …