Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Education (2313)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (2181)
- Arts and Humanities (1288)
- Religion (986)
- Counseling (853)
-
- Psychology (680)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (673)
- Christianity (543)
- Educational Leadership (477)
- Nursing (401)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (351)
- Educational Psychology (264)
- Practical Theology (238)
- Higher Education (225)
- Leadership Studies (224)
- Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion (219)
- Business (213)
- Curriculum and Instruction (205)
- Educational Methods (197)
- Music (195)
- Special Education and Teaching (188)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (174)
- Other Education (135)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (119)
- Communication (116)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (85)
- Sociology (77)
- Curriculum and Social Inquiry (74)
- Elementary Education (71)
- Liturgy and Worship (68)
- Keyword
-
- Leadership (206)
- Burnout (202)
- Discipleship (169)
- Self-efficacy (165)
- Trauma (165)
-
- Education (160)
- Mental health (150)
- Religion, General (137)
- Resilience (137)
- Education, General (136)
- COVID-19 (122)
- Phenomenology (114)
- Stress (111)
- Depression (108)
- Anxiety (106)
- Retention (106)
- Higher education (105)
- Church (99)
- Spirituality (90)
- Motivation (87)
- Religion, Clergy (79)
- African American (69)
- Evangelism (62)
- Attachment (61)
- Persistence (60)
- Theology (60)
- Community (59)
- PTSD (59)
- Inclusion (58)
- Special education (58)
- Publication Year
Articles 4681 - 4710 of 5824
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Relating Millennial Teachers' Age To Frequency And Variety Of Instructional Technology Use In Elementary Math, Ladonna Marie Tate
Relating Millennial Teachers' Age To Frequency And Variety Of Instructional Technology Use In Elementary Math, Ladonna Marie Tate
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Mathematics instruction continues to be of immediate concern in the United States. The availability of technology has become commonplace in today’s classrooms. However, the integration of technology-assisted instruction involves a paradigmatic shift in traditional mathematical practices. Instructional technology, such as interactive whiteboards, handheld tablets, laptops, software, and desktop-based devices, serves as a tool to aid students in communicating mathematically and conceptualizing mathematical reasoning. Research posits that when teachers can personally adapt to the use of innovation, instructional technology in the classroom can be a rigorous tool used for the development of individualized, student-centered learning. As generational shifts of power take …
Foster Youth Transitioning To Independent Living And Higher Education: A Phenomenological Study, Janet P. Harrison
Foster Youth Transitioning To Independent Living And Higher Education: A Phenomenological Study, Janet P. Harrison
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of foster youth who aged out of foster care and enrolled in higher educational programs in rural areas of southern Virginia. The theory that guided this study was Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as it applied to higher educational pursuits of foster youth who had, or were about to, age out of foster care. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory also guided this study to identify additional barriers to higher education for foster youth. This phenomenological study used a transcendental research method. Data collection methods included face-to-face and phone interviews, focus …
The Effectiveness Of Inquiry And Computer Based Learning In Remediation Of Science Students, Kelli Caras
The Effectiveness Of Inquiry And Computer Based Learning In Remediation Of Science Students, Kelli Caras
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The state of Virginia requires science Standards of Learning tests to be conducted as a graduation requirement as well as a measure of teacher performance. In an attempt to increase graduation rates, the state has adopted an expedited retake policy allowing certain students to retest if their scores were close to passing but fell short. No requirement, however, was given as to the means of remediation that the students must attend in order to retest. This quantitative study examined the effectiveness of three instructional strategies in improving student performance during the retest. A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design was used …
The Implementation Of The Teach-Back Method In Dash Diet Education To Improve Blood Pressure Control In Patients With Hypertension And Low Health Literacy, Patrice Helen Spencer
The Implementation Of The Teach-Back Method In Dash Diet Education To Improve Blood Pressure Control In Patients With Hypertension And Low Health Literacy, Patrice Helen Spencer
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Low health literacy is closely correlated with poorly-managed chronic disease conditions. Hypertension is a common chronic disease condition which can be better controlled through compliance with the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet; however, patients with low health literacy may have difficulty understanding the DASH diet without proper education. The teach-back method is an evidence-based education tool which can empower patients with low health literacy to better control the management of hypertension through adherence to the DASH diet. This is an evidence-based project which purposes to reveal the effectiveness of the teach-back method in providing DASH diet education in …
A Case Study Of Home Visits Conducted By Kindergarten Teachers In A Low-Income Elementary School, Sheena Brannock Green
A Case Study Of Home Visits Conducted By Kindergarten Teachers In A Low-Income Elementary School, Sheena Brannock Green
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this single case study was to develop an in-depth description of the practice of home visits conducted by kindergarten teachers with students at the beginning of the school year in a suburban, low-income elementary school in North Carolina. The theory guiding this study was Bronfenbrenner’s (1979) ecological systems theory of human development, as it states that important child development occurs in all environments where children interact. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews, mock letters of advice, and a focus group. The purposive sample included kindergarten teachers who conducted home visits, parents of kindergarteners who had a home …
A Transcendental Phenomenology Of The Lived Experiences Of Non-Custodial Grandparents Who Contribute Resources Toward The Grandchild's Christian School Education, Michele Sutton Worley
A Transcendental Phenomenology Of The Lived Experiences Of Non-Custodial Grandparents Who Contribute Resources Toward The Grandchild's Christian School Education, Michele Sutton Worley
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenology was to discover the lived experiences of non-custodial grandparents who contribute resources toward their grandchild’s Christian school education. The guiding theory for this study was Erikson’s (1950) theory of psychosocial development and the specific psychological stage of pursuing Generativity action versus Stagnation. This transcendental phenomenology included 15 non-custodial grandparents who had a grandchild who attended a K-12 Christian school and who had contributed resources operationally defined as financial, physical, emotional, intellectual, and/or spiritual for the grandchild’s Christian school education within the United States. The data was collected through grandparent interviews, focus group, support documents, …
The Powers That Be: A Phenomenological Study Of College Students' Impressions Of The Bias In Religious Narratives In History Textbooks, Sarah Irene Herrero
The Powers That Be: A Phenomenological Study Of College Students' Impressions Of The Bias In Religious Narratives In History Textbooks, Sarah Irene Herrero
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the perception of bias of college students at a local college regarding the religious narratives in history textbooks. The theory that guided this study was reader response theory, as it identified the tendency of readers to bring their experiences and backgrounds to the literature they read. The study accomplished this by answering (a) how do college students who claim to perceive bias describe their experience of that perception of bias in religious narratives in history textbooks; (b) how do college students describe bias; (c) how do college students construct perceptions of …
An Educational Intervention To Raise Obesity Awareness, The Importance Of Follow-Up, And The Need To Utilize Recommended Strategies And Interventions Among Advanced Care Practitioners In A Sleep Center Setting, Cindy L. Thomas
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Obesity is a national epidemic that affects approximately 40% of adult Americans. A lack of advanced practitioner (AP) knowledge about obesity and follow-up may contribute to the obesity epidemic. Diagnosing obesity and beginning prompt weight loss (WL) management with the aim to prevent the development or progression of chronic illnesses associated with obesity is imperative. Research has shown that WL of 5% to 10% of initial body weight can reverse or reduce the onset of chronic illnesses. The purpose of this evidence-based practice (EBP) scholarly project was to raise the awareness of weight management resources among APs caring for patients …
Mental Health Counseling: A Phenomenological Study Of Afro-Caribbean Christian's Help-Seeking Tendencies, Heather G. Lewis
Mental Health Counseling: A Phenomenological Study Of Afro-Caribbean Christian's Help-Seeking Tendencies, Heather G. Lewis
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study is to understand the help-seeking tendencies of Afro-Caribbean Christians. The use of social support systems and the impact of generational status on asking for and seeking help is the central phenomenon of the study. Study participants include 10 members selected from a Philadelphia church. The theory guiding this study is social support as it explains the relationship between social support and the use of professional mental health services. Study participants were interviewed using a semistructured interview process, transcribed interviews were analyzed in NVivo a qualitative data analysis software used for data management and analysis. …
Evaluation Of Patient Education To Facilitate Advance Directives Completion With Dialysis Patients, Xuesi Liu
Evaluation Of Patient Education To Facilitate Advance Directives Completion With Dialysis Patients, Xuesi Liu
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Completion of advance directives (ADs) is an important part of identifying a patient’s treatment preferences. Lack of patient understanding regarding the scope and importance of advance directives is a common barrier to AD completion. This project reports on the effectiveness of a patient education intervention in facilitating patient understanding in an outpatient dialysis facility in rural Virginia. Thirty patients were selected by convenience sampling to participate in a 10-minute verbal presentation based on a brochure entitled “Advance Care Planning: Tips from the National Institute on Aging” and completed two short questionnaires, one before and one after the education session. Patients …
Understanding Father Involvement Regarding The Academic Success Of African American Males In Urban High Schools, Temujin H. Taylor
Understanding Father Involvement Regarding The Academic Success Of African American Males In Urban High Schools, Temujin H. Taylor
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
There is a great deal of evidence that parental involvement is positively related to how children and adolescents perform in school (Flouri & Buchanan, 2004; McLanahan, Tach, & Schneider, 2013). Few studies (Battle & Scott, 2000; Reynolds, Howard, & Jones, 2015) have specifically looked at the influence of fathers and non-biological father figures on the educational outcomes of African American adolescents. Father involvement is crucial to the academic success of African American males. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to understand the experiences of involved African American fathers regarding the academic success of their high school age sons? …
Managing Projects For More Efficiency In The Healthcare And Payment Industry: Determination Of Key Characteristics And Skills Of Successful Project Managers, Dale Irvin Troutman
Managing Projects For More Efficiency In The Healthcare And Payment Industry: Determination Of Key Characteristics And Skills Of Successful Project Managers, Dale Irvin Troutman
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The drive to reduce healthcare costs while maintaining or improving patient care quality is being pushed on medical care providers and healthcare payment organizations. Many of these organizations do not currently have the necessary expertise or processes needed to successfully implement the required changes to reduce costs while maintaining quality. Project management is a function that can be used to deliver projects to reduce costs in these healthcare related organizations. Knowledge of the key characteristics and skills of successful project managers can be used by managers of project managers and human resources individuals that hire project managers in their selection …
The Correlation Between Trait Emotional Intelligence And Feelings Of Social Isolation In Alaskan Homeschool Students, Doniel Shawn Wolfe
The Correlation Between Trait Emotional Intelligence And Feelings Of Social Isolation In Alaskan Homeschool Students, Doniel Shawn Wolfe
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This study examined the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (TEI) and feelings of social isolation in children that homeschool in rural and remote areas of Alaska. The topic of social isolation has continued to be prominent in the homeschool research. Tenuous claims resulting from studies that lack methodological rigor and representative sample sizes have perpetuated the debate by producing disparate conclusions with inherent limitations. This study acknowledged, that given a particular set of circumstances, the likelihood that an individual will experience feelings of social isolation increases. The compounding of conditions such as geographic isolation, time spent without access to a …
Culturally Appropriate Education In Managing Hypertension In African Americans, Kristina Jones
Culturally Appropriate Education In Managing Hypertension In African Americans, Kristina Jones
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Abstract The historical treatment of African Americans with events such as the Tuskegee experiment and Jim Crow laws combined with distrust of the healthcare system may be affecting health outcomes in African Americans with hypertension. Cultural appropriate education by a provider of the same race is a method that can be utilized to bridge the trust gap between African Americans and providers and assist African Americans in managing their hypertension. A community based culturally appropriate educational intervention by a provider of the same race was implemented over the course of eight weeks to assist African Americans with hypertension to improve …
The Differences In Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scores Between Military Dependent Students And General Population Students, Jeffrey Thomas Harris
The Differences In Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scores Between Military Dependent Students And General Population Students, Jeffrey Thomas Harris
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The United States has now been engaged in war for fourteen years, the longest war in American history. A war like this has created an atmosphere of extended deployments for members of the military resulting in separation from their family. Deployments can affect many areas of family life, and the child’s academics is one such area. A student’s success often depends on his/her confidence, or “self-efficacy”, in academics. This can be affected by the inconsistencies of military life, such as constantly moving and transferring schools, which can shake that confidence causing him or her to struggle academically. The purpose of …
Comparing Security Self-Efficacy Amongst College Freshmen And Senior, Female And Male Cybersecurity Students, Lane H. Melton
Comparing Security Self-Efficacy Amongst College Freshmen And Senior, Female And Male Cybersecurity Students, Lane H. Melton
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This study sought to determine if there was a difference in the self-efficacy of freshman and senior, female and male Cybersecurity students relating to threats associated with various information systems. The design for this quantitative study was non-experimental, causal-comparative and known as group comparison used to determine if there was a causal relationship between variables. The method used to make that determination utilized a self-efficacy survey developed by Phelps (2005), to identify the independent variables specific level of self-efficacy. Research was conducted at a small, southern university with total of 33 participants. Each student was enrolled in the Computer Science …
Mobile-Based Technology App Used To Improve Self-Care Management Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Fred Allen Smith Jr
Mobile-Based Technology App Used To Improve Self-Care Management Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Fred Allen Smith Jr
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Billions of dollars are spent on diabetes in healthcare each year. Patients with lower socio-economic-status tend to have poor glycemic control, higher associated diabetic complications, and higher associated mortality rates. In underserved patients with type 2 diabetes, does utilization of a Diabetes app, compared to previous self-care management and clinic education, lower the Hemoglobin A1c over a 3-month period? A 3-month scholarly project was conducted in a small rural town in Virginia with an average median income around $17,000. N=21 were selected for the scholarly project. Inclusive criteria consisted of adults aged 19-70 years with a diagnosis of type 2 …
A Comparison Of Eighth Grade General Education Students’ Ela Scores In Co-Teaching And Regular Classrooms, Deborah Cecilia Mitchell
A Comparison Of Eighth Grade General Education Students’ Ela Scores In Co-Teaching And Regular Classrooms, Deborah Cecilia Mitchell
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This causal comparative, ex post facto quantitative study compared the Georgia Milestones English Language Arts (ELA) scores of 8th-grade general education students taught in a co-teaching classroom compared with scores of students taught in a regular classroom. The research focused on a comparison of the academic performance of two groups on statewide standardized assessments in ELA over 2 consecutive years, 2017 and 2018. The study contributes to the limited research regarding student achievement of general education students in co-teaching classrooms. This study was based on Vygotsky’s social development theory. The research questions examined the differences in the academic performance of …
Elementary School Building Leaders’ Experiences With Leading Positive Behavior Interventions And Supports (Pbis) Initiatives In Upstate South Carolina: A Phenomenological Study, Jason Michael Ramey
Elementary School Building Leaders’ Experiences With Leading Positive Behavior Interventions And Supports (Pbis) Initiatives In Upstate South Carolina: A Phenomenological Study, Jason Michael Ramey
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of elementary school building leaders with leading Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) initiatives in upstate South Carolina. The theories guiding this study were the growth mindset theory (Dweck, 2006) and the transformational leadership theory (Bass, 1996) as they tie into the experiences of building leaders through their journey. The central research question in this study was: What are the building leaders’ experiences leading PBIS initiatives in an upstate South Carolina elementary school? This study sought to discover the experiences of building leaders who were implementing PBIS. The …
Reducing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections In The Intensive Care Unit By Improving Compliance With Dressing Changes And Curos Caps Use, Jennifer Khaziga Kilel
Reducing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections In The Intensive Care Unit By Improving Compliance With Dressing Changes And Curos Caps Use, Jennifer Khaziga Kilel
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Background: Reducing central line-associated bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) is a topic of global importance due to associated risk of sepsis, increased length of hospital stay, high healthcare cost, and increased morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The mortality rate of patients who acquire CLABSI 15-25% The cost of CLABSI treatment per event is greater than US $16,500. Central cine-associated Bloodstream Infections affect the organization’s national ranking in patient quality and safety as well as reimbursement from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS). The aim of the quality improvement project was to improve the …
The African American Church Response To Homosexuality And The Reasons There Is No Response, Robert Jackson Jr
The African American Church Response To Homosexuality And The Reasons There Is No Response, Robert Jackson Jr
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Although the Bible records over eight passages which directly condemns homosexuality, many African-American churches are silent on this controversial issue. The purpose of this thesis is to present information that suggests that the African-American church compromises on this Biblical principle, by embracing homosexuality as an acceptable lifestyle, both outside and within the church. The church leadership has chosen to either overlook or accept this lifestyle. Based on statistical surveys and interviews, this project will offer practical and Biblical solutions and advice to all churches and ethnic groups, assisting them in dealing with the issue of homosexuality and gay marriage. The …
The Impact Of A Felon's Overall Well-Being On Education, Employment, And Recidivism, Shandrika S. Mcnair-Williams
The Impact Of A Felon's Overall Well-Being On Education, Employment, And Recidivism, Shandrika S. Mcnair-Williams
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This study examines the relationship between the self-reported mental well-being of a felon concerning their educational choices, employment opportunities, and recidivism. The study is a correlational quantitative study that used a multiple regression to analyze the data. Data were examined from visitors to the North Carolina Employment Security Commission. The data were collected from the convenience sample of 106 unemployed or underemployed felons seeking employment and/or training. The study found that there was no statistical significance between the self-reported mental well-being of a felon and their employment choices or recidivism. A significant regression equation was found with a statistically significant …
The Role Of Band For Former Military-Connected Students When Transitioning Schools: A Phenomenological Study, Beverly Purifoy Goehring
The Role Of Band For Former Military-Connected Students When Transitioning Schools: A Phenomenological Study, Beverly Purifoy Goehring
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to understand the role of wind band for former military-connected (MC) students that graduated Carn Schools (pseudonym) in the past five years who experienced a transition to a new school. The theories guiding this study were Gates’ music participation theory as it describes reasons and explanations of why people actively participate in music and Vygotsky’s social constructivist theory as it relates to learning in a social context. The central research question for this study was as follows: How do former MC children describe their experiences in wind band during a transition to …
Recovery: The Impact Of Accountability, Spirituality, And Hope (Ash) On Internet Pornography Addiction, Jenifer Ann Williams
Recovery: The Impact Of Accountability, Spirituality, And Hope (Ash) On Internet Pornography Addiction, Jenifer Ann Williams
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study was be to examine, identify, and describe the perceived impact of accountability, spirituality, and hope (ASH) on men who have recovered from Internet pornography (IP) addiction. This study was conducted to understand the lived experiences of individuals who completed a recovery program for IP addiction, and it included eight men in Central Louisiana area as participants. The central theory guiding this study was the 12-step Model of Sex Addicts Anonymous (SAA). The four research questions for this study were: In what ways has engagement in accountability impacted the process of recovery from Internet pornography? …
Leadership Transitions: A Study Of The Failure Rate Of Career Progression Due To Individual Contributor Versus People Leadership Mindsets In Post-Recessionary Southeast Tennessee And Northwest Georgia, Michael Lance Starks
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Despite the efforts of many leadership development programs, more than 80 percent of new leaders transitioning into the first role as a leader fail to make a successful transition (Korn Ferry Leadership Principles, 2018). This paper studied a leader’s failure to shift his or her thinking and behaviors from an individual contributor mindset to a people leader mindset. This research is suggesting that organizations adopt two tools to improve leadership transition effectiveness: Leadership Transition Readiness Assessment, and Start, Stop, Change, and Transition questionnaire.
Undergraduate Admissions Decisions Of Selective Institutions: The Impact Of Social Media Information, Ashley Renea Allison
Undergraduate Admissions Decisions Of Selective Institutions: The Impact Of Social Media Information, Ashley Renea Allison
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This causal comparative study examines the impact of decisions made by college admissions personnel at colleges and universities ranked as Highly Competitive, Highly Competitive Plus, Most Competitive, Very Competitive, and Very Competitive Plus by Barron’s Profiles of American Colleges (2018). Admissions representatives were asked to evaluate social media content of hypothetical applicants to their institution then complete a trait inference task based on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott false recognition paradigm. A total of 413 institutions were invited to participate in the online activity to establish the effect of online impression formation by admissions personnel and its impact on admissions decisions. The survey …
The Effects Of A Resilience Program On Social Skills, Bullying, And Victimization Among Students In Grades Three Through Six, Brian James Bain
The Effects Of A Resilience Program On Social Skills, Bullying, And Victimization Among Students In Grades Three Through Six, Brian James Bain
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Bullying has created a negative social dynamic in schools. The continued prevalence of bullying among children has shown the need for research pertaining to prevention. The resilience program studied in this research uniquely emphasizes teaching social resilience skills that may help students to not become bullying victims. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a resilience program on the self-reported social skills, victimization, and bullying among third- through sixth-grade students. This study of the effectiveness of a social and emotional learning framework in bullying prevention was conducted to contribute social and emotional learning research to the …
Short-Term Missions: Developing An Effective And Sustainable Program In The Local Church, Matthew Alan Trill
Short-Term Missions: Developing An Effective And Sustainable Program In The Local Church, Matthew Alan Trill
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Increasing numbers of churches, schools, and Christian ministries are sending out teams to foreign countries for brief trips. Without proper oversight these may become little more than sightseeing excursions. This project seeks to develop a ministry for the New Testament Baptist Church in Largo, Florida that will support its missionaries’ objectives and provide significant spiritual experiences for participants. The project focuses on determining proper objectives, training team members, raising funds, arranging logistical matters, and implementing components into a successful outreach. Research includes a thorough examination of biblical principles, contemporary resources on the topic, and at least sixty surveys from experienced …
Decreasing Caregiver Stress, Dexter Ramos
Decreasing Caregiver Stress, Dexter Ramos
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Stress is both critical and personal experience and has significant effects on caregivers’ physical, mental, and social well-being. The nature of caregiving and the responsibility to work and serve individuals at their illness conditions are very personal encounters that often result in adverse effects on the health and well-being of caregivers (Frederick, 2016). A decrease in stress experience can lead to the satisfaction of caregiver roles and improvement of patient’s quality of life (Choi, Jisun & Boyle, Diane, 2013; Yada, Nagata, & Inagaki, 2014). This scholarly project determined that evidence-based stress management interventions have decreased the perceived stress in caregivers. …
An Examination Into The Attitudes Of Girls Towards Physical Activity And Performance In Aerobic Capacity, Cynthia Dawn Fairey
An Examination Into The Attitudes Of Girls Towards Physical Activity And Performance In Aerobic Capacity, Cynthia Dawn Fairey
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Over the last 30 years, physical activity among adolescents between the ages of 10 and 18 has continued to decline, and the risk of morbidity associated with sedentary living has increased (CDC, 2017). Furthermore, research has identified females as being at greater risk of morbidity because they are opting out of physical activity at twice the rate of boys and not getting the recommended 60 minutes a day of physical activity (NPAP, 2016). Many girls are avoiding physical education classes, where the concepts of health-related fitness, the development of skills necessary to participate in a variety of physical activities, and …