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Slow Speed Rail: The Social, Psychological And Environmental Benefits Of Long-Distance Train Travel, Vincent Gragnani
Slow Speed Rail: The Social, Psychological And Environmental Benefits Of Long-Distance Train Travel, Vincent Gragnani
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Long-distance train travel in the United States is slow, inefficient and woefully underfunded. Trains are routinely delayed for freight traffic. Many major cities are served in the middle of the night, or not at all. And the cost of a sleeping compartment is far out of reach for most Americans. This is all in stark contrast to the reliable services offered across Europe and parts of Asia. But for the 3.5 million people who ride Amtrak’s long-distance trains every year, the experience can be a fulfilling one. This web-based project, slowspeedrail.com, explores these benefits, namely, an intimacy with the landscape …
Policing The Borders Of An Empire: A Political History Of Tagging (1960–2008), Maria Heyaca
Policing The Borders Of An Empire: A Political History Of Tagging (1960–2008), Maria Heyaca
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Of the nearly 6 million people monitored by the prison and immigration enforcement complex in the US, a little over 4 million, or 70%, are under community supervision. If we narrow in on the nearly 350,000 people being monitored by the immigration system, the figure goes up to 93%. Yet, most studies on criminalization conducted in the US, prioritize confined individuals, neglecting community supervision. In this dissertation, I present the first theoretically driven, historical and sociological analysis that comprehensively targets fundamental questions about the political history of electronic monitoring in the US -- a practice also known as tagging. I …
Haunting At Troy: Troy Narratives, Trauma, And Desire For The Past In Late Medieval English Literature, Woo Ree Heor
Haunting At Troy: Troy Narratives, Trauma, And Desire For The Past In Late Medieval English Literature, Woo Ree Heor
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The mythical city of Troy functioned as an imagined point of origin for many medieval nations, providing a tangible connection to the legendary past and nation-building tools useful for the ruling class. Troy provided a convenient foundation narrative upon which ideas of collective identity could be built for these nations, and England, where construction of a homogeneous past was difficult due to frequent ruptures in its development of communal identity, was an eager producer and consumer of such a legitimizing device. However, the trauma of war and destruction intrinsic in Troy narratives also generates potent political anxiety about the reanimated …
Only For The Pleasure Of Telling: Filling The Void In Pasolini's Trilogia Della Vita, Courtney Munson
Only For The Pleasure Of Telling: Filling The Void In Pasolini's Trilogia Della Vita, Courtney Munson
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Since Pasolini deliberately cultivated an unrecognizable and illegible public image that embraced incoherence, much of the scholarship surrounding him is plagued by contradictions and mutual exclusivity. For some, Pasolini was a utopian prophet, for others apocalyptic, but most agree that he, through his transmedial and highly self-inscribed life-work, was responding primarily to the crises of neocapitalist consumerism, especially its degenerative effects on sexual conventions and the body. Through an investigation of Pasolini’s controversial essays on film theory, the details of his biography, and the films of the Trilogia della vita, this thesis argues that it is a mistake to …
Misogyny In Contemporary Populist Authoritarianism, Maxine Mannheim
Misogyny In Contemporary Populist Authoritarianism, Maxine Mannheim
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The regression of rights for women and the LGBTQ community, as well as the freedoms of religious and ethnic minorities are coinciding with the global rise in populist authoritarianism. However, the link between misogyny, gendered narratives, and populist authoritarianism remains understudied and requires further elaboration. There can be no full investigation of modern populism, nor the political leaders who utilize it, without an understanding of the gender dynamics that permeate populist and authoritarian politics. I argue that misogyny is interwoven in populist authoritarianism, and that it is a defining characteristic observable in the ways in which leaders manipulate the emotions …
Immigration Status As A Social Determinant Of Health: Provider Perspectives, Elisabeth Brodbeck
Immigration Status As A Social Determinant Of Health: Provider Perspectives, Elisabeth Brodbeck
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This project examines how immigration is understood as a social determinant of health through the perspective of medical providers and social workers. Through the bridging of immigration studies in sociology and social epidemiology and public health, I demonstrate the need to bring these disciplines together to understand how immigration and legal status are encountered in clinical settings. I conducted a qualitative research study, specifically open-ended interviews with medical providers and social workers, to understand how providers currently screen for complex social determinants of health, and more specifically, how they engage with immigration as a factor influencing health during their patient …
A Sociology Of Gab: A Computational Analysis Of A Far-Right Social Network, Nga Than
A Sociology Of Gab: A Computational Analysis Of A Far-Right Social Network, Nga Than
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation examines the racial discourse circulated on Gab, a microblogging and social networking platform, by the far right to proliferate hate speech, and how the far-right discourse has evolved on the platform. Gab was created 2016 in response to mainstream social media’s increase of content moderation and deplatforming of extremist users to curtail hate speech and harassment. The platform gained a substantial number of new users after the Charlotteville incident of 2017. In this thesis, I examine the creation of Gab, as an alternative social media platform, as a strategic site of socio-technical innovation, as well as the important …
Conservative And Cultural Clashes With Comprehensive Sexuality Education, Bryan Z. Anderson
Conservative And Cultural Clashes With Comprehensive Sexuality Education, Bryan Z. Anderson
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This thesis analyzes the multifaceted debate over the use of comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in United States public schools, while also emphasizing the ways in which withholding CSE is a strategy to uphold the white supremacist patriarchy. The work begins by historically framing the evolution of sexuality education through the United States’ history. This leads to the current discourse around CSE and the ways in which it is the optimal support for American youth today. After setting this foundation, the thesis looks at conservative figures and groups who are seeking to prevent public school adoption of CSE standards, as well …
Becoming George Lucas: From Avant-Garde, Auteur, Independent Artist To Studio Executive, Ryan Thompson
Becoming George Lucas: From Avant-Garde, Auteur, Independent Artist To Studio Executive, Ryan Thompson
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Because of the unprecedented popularity of Star Wars, George Lucas, the creator of the multi-media franchise, is one of the most well-known filmmakers in history. What makes Lucas’s relationship with Star Wars unique is that because the franchise has continually been exploited rather than left as a single unchanging, static text, its artistic value, along with Lucas’s legacy, is in constant flux and is often misunderstood. In other words, depending on Star Wars’s position in the public zeitgeist at a given time, Lucas is either revered, detested, or considered incompetent as a filmmaker. While there is no denying …
Feeling Otherwise: Affective Enactments Of Teaching And Learning Among Youth Researchers And Early-Career Teachers In A Cross-Course University Collaboration, Karen Zaino
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This study examines a cross-collaboration between early-career teachers enrolled in a graduate action research class and youth researchers taking part in a dual-enrollment youth participatory action research (YPAR) class at the same university. Grounded in critical youth studies, anti-colonial theories of the human, and queer-feminist studies in its approach to relationality, and drawing from transcripts of the combined class sessions and individual follow-up interviews, this critical narrative analysis seeks to understand how participants enact and experience the collaboration, with particular attention to how they understand and engage with one another. This study especially attends to the affective-discursive practices that participants …
Economic Factors And Theories Of Decline And Reform In The Late Ottoman Empire C. 1789–1911, Peter S. Gomori
Economic Factors And Theories Of Decline And Reform In The Late Ottoman Empire C. 1789–1911, Peter S. Gomori
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Tribes of Turkish speaking people (“Turks”) migrated in the 11th century from the Central Asian Steppes to what we consider the Middle East. Over the next two centuries this community would expand north, west and south to form a vast empire: the Ottoman Empire. Possibly the peak of the size of this empire would probably occur during the 16th century under the rule of the Sultan, Suleiman the Magnificent (1494- 1566) where the population of the Ottoman Empire was estimated to be up to 30 million. Yet there would be rivals. To the East was the Safavid Empire (today …
Lasting Inequalities: Gender Earnings Inequality Across Generations, Periods And Countries, Juliana De Castro Galvao
Lasting Inequalities: Gender Earnings Inequality Across Generations, Periods And Countries, Juliana De Castro Galvao
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Prior studies have illuminated various aspects of gender inequality, particularly of earnings inequality. However, data limitations and scholarly conventions have led to most conclusions being drawn from cross-sectional data based on average gender earnings inequality patterns, which have been limited in their ability to support causal claims related to policy interventions and to address the intersection of inequalities understood as a long-term process. My dissertation fills this intellectual gap by analyzing gender inequality as a cumulative long-term process that unfolds over the life course. It consists of three empirical chapters. In the first chapter, I combine class and gender inequality …
A Gift To My Self: A Psychoanalytic Approach To Understanding The Experiences Of Women Who Choose Not To Have Children, Irina D. Tchania
A Gift To My Self: A Psychoanalytic Approach To Understanding The Experiences Of Women Who Choose Not To Have Children, Irina D. Tchania
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Although motherhood has long been a normative female experience, individual decisions regarding bearing and mothering children vary among women. Partly due to shifts in gender roles and contemporary societal expectations, the conflation of womanhood with motherhood – and the centrality of motherhood within female identity – is being increasingly challenged. Women who choose to remain childless make up a growing, unique, and understudied population group. Decisions regarding intentional childlessness have been considered through the lenses of sociology and feminist critique, while psychologically and psychoanalytically oriented scholarship is more limited. This study aimed to further our understanding of the voluntarily childless …
Older Adults In The Great Recession: Labor Force Transitions, Perceived Workplace Ageism And Life Satisfaction, Duygu Başaran Şahin
Older Adults In The Great Recession: Labor Force Transitions, Perceived Workplace Ageism And Life Satisfaction, Duygu Başaran Şahin
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Until the global economic crisis caused by the Covid19 pandemic, the Great Recession (GR) of 2007-2009 was the most severe economic downturn since the Great Depression in the U.S. History. Previous research argues that older adults were relatively protected from the GR’s harshest impact because their unemployment rates were relatively lower compared to younger adults. However, the focus on unemployment rate as the ultimate indicator of a recession’s impact might have downplayed older adults’ experiences. Indeed, some studies showed that despite relatively lower unemployment rates, once unemployed, older adults took significantly longer to be reemployed compared to adults in younger …
Babel, Daniel Horowitz
Babel, Daniel Horowitz
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This thesis is a series of three memoiristic essays around the vortex of identity. The first is an exploration of how childhood overmedication split the continuity of the author’s self-conception. The second traces the slipperiness of Jewish and Queer identifications detailing their synthesis in the klezmer revival in New York City in late 1980s and early 90s. The third is a polyphonic narration of the recovery of a lost klezmer’s life story in the face of the silence of time and slaughter.
The Politics Of Expertise And The Articulation Of Authority In Democracy: Cognitive Style And Intelligibility In The Education Of Problem-Solving And Professional Decision-Making In The Domain Of Law, Michael W. Raphael
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Computational complexity refers to the representational aspect of problem-solving. This representational aspect is commonly understood to describe the regularities that organize the definition of the problem-situation, the qualities that designate its difficulty, either in terms of the process of arriving at a definition of the problem or in the process of arriving at a solution. It is for this reason, that it is commonly said that “representational design precedes computational efficacy.” The point of this maxim is to serve as a reminder that an efficient use of resources begins with the design of near decomposability, the specification of the properties …
Permanent Shelter In The Empire City: Youth Experiencing Family Homelessness And Navigating The Homeless Industrial Complex With A Narrative Inquiry Approach, Henry O. Love
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Many studies have examined unaccompanied youth experiencing homelessness; however, a relative silence persists about the lives of youth and young adults (YYA) while in family homeless shelters. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature about the lives of youth residing in family shelters and to learn about successful transitions from adolescence to young adulthood while experiencing family homelessness. This transition interacts with various social collectives (family, peers, community), political institutions (municipal, state, and federal), and an overwhelming economic system (global racial capitalism). These complex perspectives are considered with a narrative activity-meaning system research design to understand the …
Diggin’ In The Racial Literacy And Culturally Responsive And Sustaining Crates, Jordan Bell
Diggin’ In The Racial Literacy And Culturally Responsive And Sustaining Crates, Jordan Bell
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Racial Literacy first became scholarship in 2004 with Lani Guinier and France Winddance Twine’s racial literacy works. Likewise, Culturally Responsive and Sustaining Education’s seminal work is associated with Gloria Ladson-Billings’ (1995) introduction of culturally relevant pedagogy. While racial literacy and culturally responsive and sustaining education scholarship appeared around the late 20th and early 21st centuries, these frameworks were being developed in Black educational spaces since their inception in the United States. These frameworks were created in response to rampant antiblackness throughout various periods of United States history. In recognition of pre-21st century Black educators’ contributions to racial literacy and culturally …
Muscling Through: Athletic Women In Victorian Popular Representation, 1864–1915, Julia G. Fuller
Muscling Through: Athletic Women In Victorian Popular Representation, 1864–1915, Julia G. Fuller
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
“Muscling Through” reconstructs an overlooked history of strong female bodies in the nineteenth century. It argues that popular representations of athletic women introduced a new category of identity that was distinct from women’s traditional relational and social roles. The project’s central figure is the hyper-able “Sportswoman,” who bridges the gap between two familiar versions of the Victorian woman’s body: the mid-century ideal of docile, domesticated femininity and the sturdy, capable women who enter universities, professions, and public spaces en masse just before the turn of the century. Representationally, the Sportswoman figures a range of attitudes, from anxious to aspirational, toward …
“For ‘Their Own Good’”: Education, The Performing Arts, And Social Justice At The Brooklyn Academy Of Music, 1915–2023, Anna S. Harb
“For ‘Their Own Good’”: Education, The Performing Arts, And Social Justice At The Brooklyn Academy Of Music, 1915–2023, Anna S. Harb
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This project examines the development of an education department at the Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM), the oldest performing arts institution in the United States (1861), and argues that education programs in cultural institutions attempt to fill gaps in cultural capital that have been reproduced across generations while also highlighting the need for comprehensive arts education in public schools. An investigation of education for young people at BAM—from weekend programming for the children of Academy subscribers, to a fully staffed branch serving students throughout the tri-state area (often during the school day)—offers a porthole into the larger municipal history, particularly …
Topics For He But Not For She: Quantifying And Classifying Gender Bias In The Media, Tyler J. Lanni
Topics For He But Not For She: Quantifying And Classifying Gender Bias In The Media, Tyler J. Lanni
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
In this study, we used computational techniques to analyze the language used in news articles to describe female and male politicians. Our corpus included 370 subtexts for male candidates and 374 subtexts for female candidates, gathered through the New York Times API. We conducted two experiments: an LDA topic analysis to explore the data, and a logistic regression to classify the subtexts as either male or female. Our analysis revealed some noteworthy findings that suggest the possibility of developing a gender bias classifier in the future. However, to create a more robust understanding of bias, additional research and data are …
The Punitive Laboratory Of Neoliberalism: A Cross-National Examination, Beth A. Fera
The Punitive Laboratory Of Neoliberalism: A Cross-National Examination, Beth A. Fera
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
A large body of research has been produced to explain global punitive trends in recent decades. Neoliberalism, an economic philosophy expressed by market deregulation, privatization, and the retrenchment of social supports, has been offered as an explanation for increases in cross-national punitiveness. According to neoliberal penality theory, neoliberalism has shifted principles guiding punishment practices and the treatment of offenders, which has resulted in harsher national responses to crime. However, many tenets of this theory have not yet been tested empirically. Drawing heavily on propositions from neoliberal penality, group-threat, and penal populism literature, this dissertation examines the relationship between economic shifts, …
Teaching Beyond ‘Kings Leopold’S Ghost’: New Sources And Voices In A Global History Curriculum On The Democratic Republic, Jen Chapin
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The complicated history of the Democratic Republic of Congo is not typically part of high school curricula, yet events and historical trends concerning this nation connect with many key topics and themes, including feudalism, Haitian Revolution, New Imperialism, genocide, World War I & 2, Decolonization movements, Cold War politics, neo-colonialism/globalization, modern China’s economic power, authoritarianism, cult of personality, grassroots democracy movements, responses to climate change, etc. Designing and delivering a rigorous yet accessible curriculum on Congo poses a challenge for teaching beyond “King Leopold’s Ghost”, meaning, working past the prevalence of materials focusing on Belgian king’s genocidal two-decade rule over …
A Multifaceted, Non-Militarized Approach To Security Dynamics In Protected Areas: From Foot Patrols, To Tourism, And Local Communities, Monique Sosnowski
A Multifaceted, Non-Militarized Approach To Security Dynamics In Protected Areas: From Foot Patrols, To Tourism, And Local Communities, Monique Sosnowski
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
A wide range of interventions have been implemented to reduce wildlife poaching incidents across the globe. These include community-based strategies, such as the development of alternative livelihoods; legal strategies, such as the development of legal frameworks at local, regional, and international levels; and wildlife law enforcement efforts, such increasing patrolling efforts. While community-based and legal strategies generally attempt to reduce the motivating factors surrounding the commission of crimes, wildlife law enforcement further attempts to prevent crimes from happening, assuming that someone will always be inclined. Given this inevitability, the question is raised regarding how to best reduce the occurrence of …
Public Privacy And Info-Liberal Authoritarianism, Christopher Hongach
Public Privacy And Info-Liberal Authoritarianism, Christopher Hongach
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Neoliberalism’s promise of economic prosperity has proven itself futile, as growing disparities in inequality have resulted in both developing and developed countries. As neoliberalism has become a major influence in international relations and the global economy, its adaptive capacity has led to the emergence of new forms and functions of capital, especially through commodification and abstract labor. With the rise of information capitalism, neoliberalism has incorporated information of all sorts into the nexus of capitalism. Most especially through the advancement of the Internet and social media platforms, information capitalism reaches its highest form through developing surveillance technology and the brokerage …
Wild Women Of Anatolia: The Critical Construct Validity Of The Liberation Of Women In Turkey, Sedef Ozoguz
Wild Women Of Anatolia: The Critical Construct Validity Of The Liberation Of Women In Turkey, Sedef Ozoguz
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Feminist, sexuality and social psychology researchers studying women’s liberation in Turkey have solely focused on freedoms denied, outlining freedoms from gendered political, institutional and intimate constraints such as domestic violence, without much attention to freedoms desired, such as freedom to dream. Following Fromm’s (1941) conceptualization of freedom as freedom from restrictions placed on one and freedom to do what one wants to do authentically, my work engages in the critical construct validity (Fine & Torre, 2019) of the liberation of Turkish women, troubling, questioning and critiquing the assumptions typically made about the construct and offering an alternative way of studying …
Caring For Children With Mental Health Concerns: The Experience Of Being A School Nurse, Jeannine Kaskoun
Caring For Children With Mental Health Concerns: The Experience Of Being A School Nurse, Jeannine Kaskoun
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Mental health issues have for years been on the rise among our nation’s schoolchildren, and the COVID-19 pandemic has only served to aggravate what can now be called a crisis. Researchers agree that timely assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health concerns in children are critical to maintaining their growth and development and could potentially aid in decreasing serious mental health events as they move into adulthood. While in an ideal world, each child would have a family medical provider, the fact is that for many children, the school nurse is the child’s sole provider of health care. Many times, …
Salty: A Diffractive Inquiry Of Visceral Knowing And Embodied Aesthetics, Mei Ling Chua
Salty: A Diffractive Inquiry Of Visceral Knowing And Embodied Aesthetics, Mei Ling Chua
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation takes a diffractive, onto-epistemological approach to everyday practices with salt in order to articulate an expanded understanding of meaning making and knowledge production. This research reckons with and challenges dominant modes of knowing that engage a Cartesian perspective to situate knowing as the exclusive domain of the mind in both form and topic of inquiry. This research acts simultaneously as both a direct practice of and metacognition about knowledge production by examining 1. the embodied (including sensory and emotional aspects) and 2. the relational (including interpersonal and socio-cultural) dimensions of experience as visceral knowing. This articulation of …
From Prostitution To Sex Trafficking: Dilemmas Of Victim Service Workers Helping Chinese Immigrant Women At The Courts, Yen-Chiao Liao
From Prostitution To Sex Trafficking: Dilemmas Of Victim Service Workers Helping Chinese Immigrant Women At The Courts, Yen-Chiao Liao
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This study aims to explore the policy ambivalence towards commercial sex trade, resulted by prostitution laws and anti-trafficking policies in the United States. It focuses on Chinese immigrant women and those who served them in the Human Trafficking Intervention Courts (the HTICs) in New York City. Specifically, it investigates the process of Chinese immigrant women becoming potential “victims” of sex trafficking from the perspectives of the service workers, the social workers and the public defenders. Though research on human trafficking seems to be exploding for the past decades since the passage of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) in 2000, …
The Devil Is In The Details: Witchcraft Materiality And Systems Of Belief In Early Modern France, Ryan Evelyn
The Devil Is In The Details: Witchcraft Materiality And Systems Of Belief In Early Modern France, Ryan Evelyn
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
My approach to the early modern French witch figure, as defined by their materiality, considers the representation of things, objects, and substances in texts. It was inspired by the surge in material culture studies, whose genesis in the 1980s and 1990s spurred theoretical approaches to (re)considering human interactions with objects, the way in which materials can be manipulated to serve various ends, and which objects were deemed culturally significant. I employ this approach to a (re)assessment of the witch figure as illustrated in demonologies, medical texts, and imaginative literature as early as the 14th century spanning into the early …