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The Relationship Between Calibration, Mindset, Mathematics Anxiety And Achievement In Pre-Service Elementary Teachers, Brian Arthur Christopher Aug 2018

The Relationship Between Calibration, Mindset, Mathematics Anxiety And Achievement In Pre-Service Elementary Teachers, Brian Arthur Christopher

Dissertations

According to most recent studies in mathematics education, mathematics anxiety is highly prevalent in students’ learning, and in fact has significant negative relationship with mathematics achievement. Thus, as educators we need to understand the factors that explain the relationship between mathematics anxiety and achievement to find any insights for increasing mathematics achievement. This dissertation explored this particular issue through constructs, calibration and mindset, and their relationship with mathematics anxiety and achievement of pre-service elementary teachers. The dissertation has three manuscripts with the first two manuscripts focusing on the relationship between calibration, mathematics anxiety and achievement, and the third manuscript focusing …


Psychopathic Traits, Substance Use, And Motivation To Change: The Effectiveness Of Motivational Interviewing With At-Risk Adolescents, Christopher Thomas Alan Gillen Aug 2018

Psychopathic Traits, Substance Use, And Motivation To Change: The Effectiveness Of Motivational Interviewing With At-Risk Adolescents, Christopher Thomas Alan Gillen

Dissertations

The current study is the first known study to investigate the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) as a motivational enhancement intervention in at-risk adolescents with psychopathic traits and substance use (SU) problems. Further, it examined whether such an intervention can improve problematic behavior (i.e., aggression, delinquency) and treatment responsivity deficits (i.e., motivation to change) associated with psychopathy and SU. The effectiveness of MI was examined using a randomized treatment-control design in which adolescents were assigned to either a three-session group-based MI intervention and a residential treatment or a group receiving only the residential treatment without the MI component. Participants were …


Explicit, Implicit, And Behavioral Stigmatization Of Mental Illness, Jessica S. James Aug 2018

Explicit, Implicit, And Behavioral Stigmatization Of Mental Illness, Jessica S. James

Dissertations

Mental health concern is a public health concern that continues to be stigmatized. While the dual process model has been applied to other areas of social cognition (e.g., racism), this framework has not previously been frequently used to examine the stigmatization of mental illness. The current study sought to examine the stigmatization of mental illness within a dual process model to determine the relationship between explicit and implicit stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors. A total of 104 undergraduate students from the University of Southern Mississippi participated in this study. Participants completed multiple implicit and explicit measures of stigmatizing attitudes and behavioral …


A Study Of The Protective Factors That Foster Resilience In Teachers, Zundra Gates Aug 2018

A Study Of The Protective Factors That Foster Resilience In Teachers, Zundra Gates

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compare the protective factors of teachers in various fields: discipline, tested and non-tested subject areas, and teacher certification route. The study involved 161 kindergarten to twelfth grade Mississippi teachers who were full-time during the 2016-2017 school year. The 36-item Resiliency Questionnaire was used to measure the presence of six protective factors. The six protective factors that were examined on the questionnaire are: purpose and expectation (PE), nurture and support (NS), positive connections (PC), meaningful participation (MP), life guiding skills (LGS), and clear and consistent boundaries (CCB). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test …


Synthetic And Theoretical Studies For Cyclization Reactions To Form C-C And C-N Bonds, Nicholas Jentsch Aug 2018

Synthetic And Theoretical Studies For Cyclization Reactions To Form C-C And C-N Bonds, Nicholas Jentsch

Dissertations

Natural product total synthesis provides an alternative method for obtaining medicinally relevant compounds in a more efficient process with higher yields than what nature can provide. Natural products pose significant synthetic challenges due to the unique heterocyclic skeletons with fused and spirocyclic ring systems. Therefore, it is paramount to develop efficient reaction methodologies targeting substructures such as cyclic ureas and spiro[4.5]decanes which are prominent among marine natural products and Lycopodium alkaloids, respectively. Presented here is a compilation of research seeking to develop synthetic methods for the construction of cyclic moieties such as those previously mentioned. The objectives that are addressed …


Indirect & Displaced Aggression: The Role Of Comparison Based Traits And Cognitive Vulnerabilities, Niki M. Knight Aug 2018

Indirect & Displaced Aggression: The Role Of Comparison Based Traits And Cognitive Vulnerabilities, Niki M. Knight

Dissertations

The present study explored the relationships of contingent self-esteem, dispositional envy, and two cognitive vulnerabilities (i.e., anger rumination and fear of negative evaluation) to indirect aggression (IA) and displaced aggression (DA) in a college student sample (N = 346). Despite the theoretical relevance of these personality and cognitive factors to aggression, there is little empirical evidence linking them to the perpetration of IA and DA. Bivariate correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were used to test the utility of these constructs in accounting for unique variance in IA and DA and to assess the potential role of participant gender. Participants …


Beta-Testing Of An Interactive Multimedia Computer Program Of Exposure Therapy For Ptsd, Marie C. Barrett Aug 2018

Beta-Testing Of An Interactive Multimedia Computer Program Of Exposure Therapy For Ptsd, Marie C. Barrett

Dissertations

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) results in significant impairment for the individual and substantial costs to society. Research indicates that cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT) is the most effective treatment for PTSD and that among CBT treatments, exposure therapy is the treatment technique with the strongest evidence to recommend it for PTSD treatment. Computerized programs that deliver evidenced-based treatments offer a potential solution to barriers that prevent individuals from accessing and completing treatment. The present study evaluates the clinical and practical functionality of a computer-based program designed for the treatment of PTSD. Results indicate that completion of the program is associated with …


(Don’T) Stand By Me: Social Regulation Of Response To Threat In Interracial Dyads, Carmelita Sharonique Foster Aug 2018

(Don’T) Stand By Me: Social Regulation Of Response To Threat In Interracial Dyads, Carmelita Sharonique Foster

Dissertations

A number of factors contribute to retention among college students, including social support and feelings of belonging (Rayle & Chung, 2007). Although college campuses are among the most racially diverse settings in our segregated society (Fischer, 2011), students differ in their perception of the racial climate on campus (Chavous, 2005). Social Baseline Theory (SBT) proposes that human functioning under stress is dependent on adequate social support and that, at baseline, biological systems are adapted to operate interdependently rather than independently (Hughes, Crowell, Uyeji, & Coan, 2012). Specifically, the substantial empirical support for SBT shows that stressful situations are less toxic …


Primary Care Physician Delivered Brief Behavioral Intervention For Adult Obesity And Associated Health Conditions, Julia C. Huston Aug 2018

Primary Care Physician Delivered Brief Behavioral Intervention For Adult Obesity And Associated Health Conditions, Julia C. Huston

Dissertations

Obesity is a chronic health condition with prevalence rates that have continued to rise steadily over the past 30 years to the point that it has now been declared a global epidemic and a serious public health concern. Obesity is associated with significant physical and economic costs, primarily resulting from co-occurring health conditions that increase the risk of morbidity including type II diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, coronary heart disease, and respiratory problems. Despite the dissemination of several obesity treatments, including pharmacotherapy, lifestyle modification, and bariatric surgery, the prevalence and severity of obesity continues to rise. Federal guidelines recommend the use …


Demonstrating Functional Analytic Psychotherapy As An Independent Variable In Efficacy Research: A New Measure Of Treatment Fidelity, Lindsey E. Knott Aug 2018

Demonstrating Functional Analytic Psychotherapy As An Independent Variable In Efficacy Research: A New Measure Of Treatment Fidelity, Lindsey E. Knott

Dissertations

Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) is a contextual behavior therapy that takes an in session, in vivo focus to improve client outcomes. This in vivo (IV) focus is distinctive of FAP and involves the therapist utilization of contingencies in session to decrease problematic response classes and increase more adaptive response classes (i.e., a differential reinforcement procedure). This contingent responding is proposed to be FAP’s mechanism of action leading to client change. FAP efficacy research mainly consists of small n single-case studies or group designs combing FAP with another CBT intervention. Maitland & Gaynor (2012) offered recommendations for increasing FAP efficacy research, …


The Integration Of Creative And Expressive Arts In A Young Adult Problem-Solving Court, Ricky J. Pope Aug 2018

The Integration Of Creative And Expressive Arts In A Young Adult Problem-Solving Court, Ricky J. Pope

Dissertations

Interaction with the criminal justice system exacts substantial costs on human potential, and alternative practices are emerging to address this social issue. This research explores the integration of creative and expressive arts in a young adult problem-solving court. The Young Adult Diversion Court (YADC) was created to help young adults 17- 20 years of age complete requirements for probation. Successful completion of the program provides participants the opportunity for the initial criminal charge to be dismissed and made non-public on the criminal record. This qualitative study is informed by interpretive interactionism and narrative inquiry to provide a method to understand …


The Ethnic Identity Journey Of 1.5 Generation Asian American College Students, Nadia Anisa Benyamin Aug 2018

The Ethnic Identity Journey Of 1.5 Generation Asian American College Students, Nadia Anisa Benyamin

Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological research study is to explore the ethnic identity journey of 1.5 generation Asian American college students. The study seeks to answer how the ethnic identity perception of the 1.5 generation Asian American college students has transformed from arrival in the United States to present and how native and English language engagement as well as acculturation experiences have impacted the 1.5 generation Asian American college students’ perceptions of ethnic identity. The data for this study were collected via in-depth semi-structured interviews with five Asian American college students who self-identify as 1.5 generation individuals or having …


Teachers And Practitioners’ Perceptions Of Transition Services For Females With Intellectual Disability In Saudi Arabia, Reem Abdullah Almutairi Aug 2018

Teachers And Practitioners’ Perceptions Of Transition Services For Females With Intellectual Disability In Saudi Arabia, Reem Abdullah Almutairi

Dissertations

This experiential study was an in-depth examination of the current experiences and perceptions of five special education teachers and six vocational rehabilitation practitioners who provide training for transition-aged females with intellectual disability in Saudi Arabia. The research questions addressed participants’ perspectives about the overall value of transition services for students with intellectual disability and the feasibility of using the Taxonomy of Transition Programming 2.0 as a framework for transition programs to increase desirable postschool outcomes. Participants viewed an instructional video about intellectual disability, transition services, and the Taxonomy for Transition Programming. Following systematic qualitative methodology, the researcher used a questionnaire, …


Shame, Aggression, And Self-Compassion In At-Risk Adolescents, Sara Ashline Hofmann Aug 2018

Shame, Aggression, And Self-Compassion In At-Risk Adolescents, Sara Ashline Hofmann

Dissertations

Prior research has identified a strong link between experiences of shame and aggressive behavior in at-risk and offender populations but the mechanisms of this relationship are unclear. One potential interrupter of this relationship is self-compassion, a teachable emotional regulation skill. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nonoffender at-risk youth differed significantly in levels of self-compassion, shame, and aggression from nonviolent offender and violent offender youth with the goal of evaluating these relationships to aid in the future development of more tailored and effective interventions for court-involved youth. One hundred and six at-risk adolescents in the Rocky Mountain …


Perceived Belongingness, Self-Esteem, And Outness Level On Psychological Distress Among Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Individuals, Rachel Mary Haug Aug 2018

Perceived Belongingness, Self-Esteem, And Outness Level On Psychological Distress Among Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Individuals, Rachel Mary Haug

Dissertations

Perceived belongingness has demonstrated significant positive effects on psychological distress levels. Various other demographic and psychological constructs including sexual orientation, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), self-esteem, and outness level also have been found in past literature to have significant relationships with psychological distress levels. Because sexual minority individuals are at increased risk for psychological distress, the purpose of this study was to assess the role belongingness played in psychological distress among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) university students after already accounting for these other variables through a hierarchical regression analysis. Due to the nature of hierarchical regression analysis, the effects of …


Teacher Perspectives On Implementation And Outcomes Of A Character Education Program: A Comparative Case Study At Three Public Middle Schools, Grace A. Tennant Aug 2018

Teacher Perspectives On Implementation And Outcomes Of A Character Education Program: A Comparative Case Study At Three Public Middle Schools, Grace A. Tennant

Dissertations

In the United States, character education employs a lengthy history in the public school system. As a result of recent legislation, accountability measures for schools in the United States and Colorado have changed. Teachers are now being evaluated on the climate and culture in their classrooms and schools. Academic growth among students in United States schools is slow, and an achievement gap continues to exist. One possible solution to these problems is character education. This comparative case study examined teacher perceptions about implementation and outcomes regarding a newly implemented character education program delivered through a class structure called Crew. Data …


The Effects Of Decoding Instruction On Oral Reading Fluency For Older Students With Reading Delays, Gaige J. Johnson Aug 2018

The Effects Of Decoding Instruction On Oral Reading Fluency For Older Students With Reading Delays, Gaige J. Johnson

Dissertations

Struggling older readers often have difficulty with early decoding skills (Tolman, 2005; Toste, Williams, & Capin, 2017). If they are unable to master decoding, they may have difficulty with more complex skills, such as passage reading fluency. The current study extends research on reading fluency for older students by evaluating the combined effects of a phonics procedure and a fluency-building strategy on their reading fluency. Participants were older students with below grade level reading performance who had deficits in oral reading fluency and decoding. Dependent variables were the number of correctly sorted word patterns and the number of correct words …


Adult Attachment In Close Relationships And Trait Emotional Intelligence: The Moderating Role Of Mindfulness, Laura Kimberly Chang Aug 2018

Adult Attachment In Close Relationships And Trait Emotional Intelligence: The Moderating Role Of Mindfulness, Laura Kimberly Chang

Dissertations

The moderating role of mindfulness on the relationships between trait emotional intelligence (TEI) and both attachment-related anxiety and avoidance among college students (N = 510) was explored in the present study. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations aligned with the extant body of literature, suggesting strong relationships between attachment-related anxiety, avoidance, and TEI. As expected, results suggested a strong relationship between levels of mindfulness and TEI. In the interest of assessing the degree to which mindfulness explained variance in participants’ TEI levels (while accounting for attachment levels), a hierarchical multiple regression was conducted. Data analysis indicated that the variables college classification …


Exporing The Influence Of Parenting Styles On Development Of Perfectionism In A Reward And Punishment Computer-Based Learning Task Among College Students, Akiko Watabe Aug 2018

Exporing The Influence Of Parenting Styles On Development Of Perfectionism In A Reward And Punishment Computer-Based Learning Task Among College Students, Akiko Watabe

Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between perfectionism, anxiety (i.e., emotional state anxiety, personality trait anxiety, inhibitory anxiety, prospective anxiety, sensitivity to reward, sensitivity to punishment), parenting styles (i.e., authoritative, authoritarian, permissive), GPA (measured by self-report responses), and SES (measured as parents’ income) as well as a difference in the effect of high or low perfectionism, parenting styles, and levels of GPA and SES on a reward and punishment computer-based learning task among college students. One hundred forty undergraduates completed measures of Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS), Sensitivity to Punishment Sensitivity to Reward …


A Study On The Compositional Style Of The Flute Chamber Works Of Mel Bonis, Geraldine Margaret Padilla Aug 2018

A Study On The Compositional Style Of The Flute Chamber Works Of Mel Bonis, Geraldine Margaret Padilla

Dissertations

Mélanie Hélène Bonis (1858-1937) was a female French composer born at a time when musical trends started shifting away from Romanticism. Amidst the various styles that emerged towards the end of the nineteenth century, Bonis remained faithful to the practices of the Late-Romantic period. Her style, characterized by its adherence to tonality and classical forms, was considered outdated by the Parisian public and proved to be detrimental in her career. This document focuses on the four chamber works originally written for flute. Bonis’ chamber works demonstrated a composer who was willing to experiment with the modern techniques of the twentieth …


Power Comparisons Of The Rician And Gaussian Random Fields Tests For Detecting Signal From Functional Magnetic Resonance Images, Hasni Idayu Binti Saidi Aug 2018

Power Comparisons Of The Rician And Gaussian Random Fields Tests For Detecting Signal From Functional Magnetic Resonance Images, Hasni Idayu Binti Saidi

Dissertations

The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are known to be complex valued. The real and imaginary components are assumed to be independently and normally distributed. After image reconstructions, these components are separated into two components, namely magnitude and phase. Usually, only the magnitude component is used in the analysis and it is assumed to be normally, or Gaussian, distributed. The statistical analysis of fMRI data using random field theory also assumed that the data are Gaussian distributed. However, the magnitude component is actually Rician distributed and no work has been found on the Rician random field. In this dissertation, …


The Lived Experience Of Nurse Practitioner Role Transition: A Phenomenology Study, Anthony Michael Angelow Aug 2018

The Lived Experience Of Nurse Practitioner Role Transition: A Phenomenology Study, Anthony Michael Angelow

Dissertations

This qualitative, descriptive phenomenology study sought to answer the following question: What experiences do nurse practitioners identify as being associated with their transition to the nurse practitioner (NP) role? Using purposive sampling and snowball techniques, eight nurse practitioners participated in this study. The study included participants from across the United States. Data from this study were developed from unstructured interviews with participants using audio-recorded open-ended questions, which were then transcribed by the principal investigator. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s (cited in Creswell, 2013) method for qualitative data analysis to identify common themes. Four central themes were generated from these …


Expressions Of Emancipatory Knowing In Undergraduate Nursing Service- Learning, Heather Corinn Voss Aug 2018

Expressions Of Emancipatory Knowing In Undergraduate Nursing Service- Learning, Heather Corinn Voss

Dissertations

Emancipatory nurses recognize social and political problems of injustice or inequity and participate in social and political change to improve people’s lives. The recent spotlight on relationships among health, health inequity, social determinants of health, and structural institutional barriers, has led to demands that nurse educators integrate innovative curricular and pedagogical strategies to analyze and address social justice issues in today’s healthcare system. A mixed-method, qualitative study was conducted to elicit expressions of emancipatory knowing during and after a service- learning experience. Interpretive description was used to analyze data from 15 written reflections and eight semi-structured interviews. Nine expressions of …


Examining Relationships Of Social Media To Customer Equity Of The National Basketball Association, Jiyoung Park Aug 2018

Examining Relationships Of Social Media To Customer Equity Of The National Basketball Association, Jiyoung Park

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role Facebook plays in the sport management context, and to understand the relationship that exists between customer equity and social media, in a professional sport league in the U.S. While it is only one of many social media platforms, Facebook has over one billion users (Facebook, 2018) and it connects people with communities and similar interest groups such that it can enhance social relationships. Sport organizations should understand how social media can influence sport fans, and this can be examined by looking at the Facebook page of the National Basketball Association …


Knowledge, Intentions, And Beliefs About Fertility And Assisted Reproductive Technology Among Illinois College Students, Akilah Morris Aug 2018

Knowledge, Intentions, And Beliefs About Fertility And Assisted Reproductive Technology Among Illinois College Students, Akilah Morris

Dissertations

AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF AKILAH MORRIS SMITH, for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Public Health, presented on April 11th 2018, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: KNOWLEDGE, INTENTIONS, AND BELIEFS ABOUT FERTILITY AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY AMONG ILLINOIS COLLEGE STUDENTS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Roberta Ogletree H.S.D and Juliane P. Wallace PhD The purpose of this quantitative cross sectional study was to examine knowledge, beliefs, and intentions about fertility and assisted reproductive technology among college students. This study differs from previous studies in that it examines knowledge, beliefs, and intentions about fertility and assisted reproductive technology among Illinois college …


Tasting What You See: Using The Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure To Measure The Effects Of The Word Repetition Technique, Travis Sain Aug 2018

Tasting What You See: Using The Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure To Measure The Effects Of The Word Repetition Technique, Travis Sain

Dissertations

The current study tested the effects of a cognitive defusion intervention on implicit attitudes toward milk and lemon as measured by the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP). One-hundred and eleven participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: control math, control defusion, half defusion, or full defusion. Participants filled out a series of self-report measures at the beginning of the study on psychological functioning, as well as attitudes toward milk and lemon. Participants then completed a task specific to their condition, with control math participants completing a simple math task while defusion conditions completed a defusion intervention – word …


Disability-Related Factors And Perceived Stigma: A Closer Examination Of Suicidality In Individuals With Physical Disabilities, Lauren Khazem Aug 2018

Disability-Related Factors And Perceived Stigma: A Closer Examination Of Suicidality In Individuals With Physical Disabilities, Lauren Khazem

Dissertations

Previous research has indicated an association between physical disability and suicidal ideation. However, the mechanisms contributing to the development of suicidal ideation in this population have remained largely unstudied within an empirically supported theoretical framework. The current study expands upon previous research by examining the relationship between different facets of physical disability and suicidal ideation intensity through the indirect effect of perceived stigmatization and interactions with mental states described within the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, namely perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Furthermore, this research aims to examine these potential relationships in a nonclinical sample of adults with physical disabilities ranging …


Gendered Racism And Risky Sexual Behavior Among African American College Women: A Moderated Mediation Study Of Psychological Distress, Alcohol Use, Safe Sex Practices, And Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies, Danielle P. Cottonham Aug 2018

Gendered Racism And Risky Sexual Behavior Among African American College Women: A Moderated Mediation Study Of Psychological Distress, Alcohol Use, Safe Sex Practices, And Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies, Danielle P. Cottonham

Dissertations

Investigation of the effects of gender racism (i.e., discrimination based on race and gender) among African American college women is limited, which is concerning considering the impact this specific type of discrimination may have on mental health and coping behaviors among African American college women. African American students who have experienced racial discrimination and college women who have experienced sexual discrimination experience increased levels of psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of depression and anxiety). Further, harmful alcohol use is a common coping strategy for psychological distress among college students and has been linked to increased risky sexual behavior among African American …


Mechanisms Driving Suicidal Ideation To Action: The Impact Of Rumination And Cardiovascular Reactivity On Momentary Fluctuations In Pain Tolerance And Persistence, Keyne Law Aug 2018

Mechanisms Driving Suicidal Ideation To Action: The Impact Of Rumination And Cardiovascular Reactivity On Momentary Fluctuations In Pain Tolerance And Persistence, Keyne Law

Dissertations

To prevent suicide, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and processes associated with deaths by suicide. The capability for suicide is a critical factor that enables an individual to endure the physical pain necessary to make a lethal suicide attempt (Joiner, 2005; Klonsky & May, 2015). Few studies have examined whether the ability to tolerate and persist through pain are subject to momentary fluctuations during different emotional contexts. This study sought to directly compare the effects of sadness rumination and anger rumination on pain tolerance and pain persistence. Furthermore, this study aimed to examine the effect of heart rate …


Towards Improving The Education Funding Policy In Oman: Lessons Learned From Other Oil Dependent Nations, Hamood Alshoaibi Aug 2018

Towards Improving The Education Funding Policy In Oman: Lessons Learned From Other Oil Dependent Nations, Hamood Alshoaibi

Dissertations

The education system in Oman underwent tremendous development during the past four decades, however, the national economy dependency on oil threatens the sustainability of its education funding. This study aims to explore the relationship between education funding and oil price fluctuations in Qatar, U.A.E., and Oman from 1975 to 2015. Moreover, it aims to suggest new economic alternatives to diversify the education funding sources in Oman. This quantitative study, under the framework of Human Capital Theory, utilized descriptive and associational approaches to study the association between oil prices and education expenditures in the three countries. Multiple regression analyses showed that …