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Safeguarding Children's Voices In Child Protective Proceedings, Stephanie L. Tang Oct 2024

Safeguarding Children's Voices In Child Protective Proceedings, Stephanie L. Tang

Denver Law Review

In child protective proceedings, courts face the difficult task of determining the permanent placement of a child that promotes their well-being and safety, even if it means terminating their parents’ rights. Every year, authorities wrongfully and forcibly remove thousands of children from their families and homes. It is imperative that courts and attorneys adopt steps to provide children a voice and to guarantee children’s rights in these proceedings. Courts hear children’s preferences in child protective proceedings through four primary avenues: (1) appointment of a representative for the child, (2) direct in-court testimony, (3) in camera judicial interviews, and (4) admission …


Vol. 102, No. 1: Full Issue, Denver Law Review Oct 2024

Vol. 102, No. 1: Full Issue, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


Rate Convenants In Municipal Bonds: Selling Away Civil Rights And Fair Housing Goals, Jade A. Craig Oct 2024

Rate Convenants In Municipal Bonds: Selling Away Civil Rights And Fair Housing Goals, Jade A. Craig

Denver Law Review

State and local governments across the United States issue municipal bonds to raise capital to cover infrastructure projects. Jurisdictions issue revenue bonds to fund projects ranging from improvements to public utilities and toll roads to convention centers and retirement communities. These revenue bonds often include a rate covenant, a provision in which the local government issuer assures bondholders that the user fees the project raises will adequately service the debt. These covenants generally do not reserve state and local governments the right to lower rates in the public interest, nor do they impose a restriction on how high the rates …


Patent Invalidation Costs, Greg Reilly Oct 2024

Patent Invalidation Costs, Greg Reilly

Denver Law Review

Over the past decade, patent invalidation has become easier and more common. Because invalid patents fail the statutory requirements, should not have issued, and impose significant costs, many observers have celebrated this development. Yet an undercurrent of concern exists among scholars, patent system participants, and even Supreme Court Justices. Though sometimes motivated by the self-interest of patent owners, this concern partially reflects a legitimate problem: even properly invalidating a patent years after its issuance imposes costs on patent owners, costs that would not exist if the Patent Office had rejected the patent during examination. The costs of invalid patents are …


Facilitative Fair Use, Michael Mattioli Oct 2024

Facilitative Fair Use, Michael Mattioli

Denver Law Review

Recent generative artificial intelligence (AI) copyright lawsuits have ignited a crucial debate about the future of intellectual property. The technology involved is complex, but the essential conflict is simple: creators are trying to stop machines that are capable of imitating them from doing just that. These are familiar battle lines. From the loom to the first camera, inventions have long triggered anxieties about technology’s potential to displace artistry. Much of the commentary today focuses on AI’s potential to mimic creators, echoing these earlier concerns. However, this framing misses a key insight: AI is a powerful tool for widely facilitating the …


Vol. 101, No. 4: Table Of Contents, Denver Law Review Jun 2024

Vol. 101, No. 4: Table Of Contents, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


How Traditional Legal Rhetoric's Myth Of Neutrality Sustains Capitalism, Elizabeth E. Berenguer Jun 2024

How Traditional Legal Rhetoric's Myth Of Neutrality Sustains Capitalism, Elizabeth E. Berenguer

Denver Law Review

Through the lens of critical and comparative rhetoric, this Article examines how traditional legal rhetoric—the dominant analytical framework employed in the United States legal system—sustains capitalism and preserves inequities, such as financial precarity. This Article identifies the features that traditional legal rhetoric shares with the free capitalist market and then uses those features as an analytical framework to examine two cases that align with the theme of this Symposium on financial precarity and late capitalism: Bank of America v. Caulkett and Citizens United v. FEC. Comparing these two cases, the Court uses the same analytical tools of traditional legal rhetoric, …


Vol. 101, No. 4: Full Issue, Denver Law Review Jun 2024

Vol. 101, No. 4: Full Issue, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


Monopoly Capital, Militarism, And Environmental Degradation, Daniel Auerbach, Brett Clark Jun 2024

Monopoly Capital, Militarism, And Environmental Degradation, Daniel Auerbach, Brett Clark

Denver Law Review

Research within the natural and social sciences increasingly concludes that business as usual—economic growth—is leading to significant ecological disruption. Additionally, scholars have identified militaries as a significant driver of environmental degradation. Typically, these two social institutions are understood as being separate, but operating in relation, to each other. In this article, we focus on the interrelation and integration of the military and the economy through the rise of the military-industrial complex in order to illuminate the underlying logic that amplifies the environmental impacts of these institutions. More specifically, we assess how monopoly capital’s dynamics influence the development of military weapons …


The Rpl Effect, Rashmi Goel Mar 2024

The Rpl Effect, Rashmi Goel

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Supreme Court, The First Amendment, And The Erosion Of Public Employer Managerial Authority, Anne Marie Lofaso, Martin H. Malin Mar 2024

The Supreme Court, The First Amendment, And The Erosion Of Public Employer Managerial Authority, Anne Marie Lofaso, Martin H. Malin

Denver Law Review

For nearly two centuries, public sector employment in the United States was governed by the privilege doctrine, also known as the right-privilege distinction, which stripped public employees of their citizenship rights by denying them protection against adverse employment actions retaliating against their exercise of those rights. In 1967, in Garrity v. New Jersey, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed course and found, in the context of a government investigation of state police officers who allegedly fixed traffic tickets, that the state could not coerce those officers to waive their constitutional right to remain silent during the investigation by threatening to fire …


A Rpl In Time: A Brown Buffalo's Observations On The Ongoing Struggle Of Civic And Racial Nationalism In Higher Education - Circa 2023, Tom I. Romero Ii Mar 2024

A Rpl In Time: A Brown Buffalo's Observations On The Ongoing Struggle Of Civic And Racial Nationalism In Higher Education - Circa 2023, Tom I. Romero Ii

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


From Whiteboard To Statement Of Principles: The Development Of The Rocky Mountain Collective On Race, Place & Law's Principles, Katherine Steefel Mar 2024

From Whiteboard To Statement Of Principles: The Development Of The Rocky Mountain Collective On Race, Place & Law's Principles, Katherine Steefel

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Politics Of Proportionality In State Civil Rulemaking, Miyoko T. Pettit-Toledo Mar 2024

The Politics Of Proportionality In State Civil Rulemaking, Miyoko T. Pettit-Toledo

Denver Law Review

In the wake of the 2015 amendments to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP)—particularly with the perceived constriction of discovery through the revised federal proportionality standard in Rule 26(b)(1)—a wave of critics quickly emerged. Some commentators highlighted how procedural reforms heightened barriers to accessing federal courts, sharply limited claim development through discovery, and impeded opportunities for trial. Others detailed well-founded concerns about federal rulemakers’ potentially nefarious motivations, given their mostly conservative, Republican, pro-corporate defense backgrounds. Still others rightly worried that the federal proportionality standard (with its six factors), when applied by certain federal judges, would potentially stifle discovery, thereby …


Rpl, Crt, & Latcrit: "Finding The 'Me' In The Legal Academy", Roberto L. Corrada Mar 2024

Rpl, Crt, & Latcrit: "Finding The 'Me' In The Legal Academy", Roberto L. Corrada

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


From A Rpl In The Classroom To A Wave In The World: Coursework Focused On Race, Place & Law, Lindsey Webb Mar 2024

From A Rpl In The Classroom To A Wave In The World: Coursework Focused On Race, Place & Law, Lindsey Webb

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


Judicial Diversity In Colorado: Increasing Representation Through Innovation, Monica M. Marquez Honorable, Sumi Lee Dec 2023

Judicial Diversity In Colorado: Increasing Representation Through Innovation, Monica M. Marquez Honorable, Sumi Lee

Denver Law Review

Research documents that diversity on the bench improves judicial decision-making, improves access to justice, and strengthens the rule of law. However, until 2019, no formal programs to increase judicial diversity existed within the Colorado Judicial Branch. In 2019, Colorado enacted legislation establishing an innovative, full-time judicial diversity outreach program that utilizes data and research to develop pipeline programs and amplify its impact through increased community engagement. Now, five years later, Colorado’s state court bench is more diverse than ever before. This Article discusses the development of the Judicial Diversity Program in Colorado and best practices for other states interested in …


States As Laboratories: Colorado Constitution (Reactants) + Independent State Constitutionalism (Catalyst) = Constitutional Lgbtq+ Protections (Products), Pelecanos Dec 2023

States As Laboratories: Colorado Constitution (Reactants) + Independent State Constitutionalism (Catalyst) = Constitutional Lgbtq+ Protections (Products), Pelecanos

Denver Law Review

This Article began as a research project on the current state of LGBTQ+ rights under the Constitution of the State of Colorado during an internship at the American Civil Liberties Union of Colorado. It quickly became an extensive examination of state constitutionalism, Colorado history, and queer theory. Ultimately, this Article imagines how the Colorado Supreme Court might interpret Colorado constitutional provisions to create more protections for LGBTQ+ people.


My Friend, Ved, Robert Hardaway Dec 2023

My Friend, Ved, Robert Hardaway

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


Passing The Buck: The Perils Of Oklahoma V. Castro-Huerta, Adam Crepelle, Timothy Purdon, Brendan Johnson Dec 2023

Passing The Buck: The Perils Of Oklahoma V. Castro-Huerta, Adam Crepelle, Timothy Purdon, Brendan Johnson

Denver Law Review

The Supreme Court’s 2022 decision in Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta upended federal Indian law by allowing states to prosecute crimes involving Indians committed in Indian country. Castro-Huerta created a concurrent jurisdiction over Indian country crimes involving non-Indians. While concurrent jurisdiction increases the number of law enforcement agents with jurisdiction, it also creates opportunities for those law enforcement agents to shirk responsibility. Neither state nor federal law enforcement is accountable to tribes, so Castro-Huerta is likely to create a pass the buck mentality among non-Indian law enforcement. Moreover, there is little to indicate expanding state authority over tribes will benefit Indians. In …


Vol. 101, No. 2: Table Of Contents, Denver Law Review Dec 2023

Vol. 101, No. 2: Table Of Contents, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


Haaland V. Brackeen: The Indian Child Welfare Act, States' Rights, And The Survival Of America's First Peoples And Nations, Andrew B. Reid Dec 2023

Haaland V. Brackeen: The Indian Child Welfare Act, States' Rights, And The Survival Of America's First Peoples And Nations, Andrew B. Reid

Denver Law Review

At the end of its 2023 term, the United States Supreme Court issued a long-awaited decision on the Indian Child Welfare Act, Haaland v. Brackeen. The Court was presented with the direct conflict between three well-established bodies of constitutional law: (1) the right of individuals against racial discrimination, (2) the rights reserved by the states under Tenth Amendment federalism, and (3) federal supremacy over the states in matters concerning Native peoples and nations. These conflicts risk the survival of Native families, communities, and culture as well as the collective rights of Native peoples to their survival as inherently sovereign nations …


Immigration Enigma: Intersections Between Immigration Status And Minimum Mandatory Sentences In Home Rule Municipalities, Dylan Fair Dec 2023

Immigration Enigma: Intersections Between Immigration Status And Minimum Mandatory Sentences In Home Rule Municipalities, Dylan Fair

Denver Law Review

Immigration law is a complicated and constantly evolving legal landscape. When non-citizens are accused or convicted of a misdemeanor crime the two most important potential consequences are inadmissibility or deportation. This Comment will look at two major triggers for deportation and inadmissibility. First, “significant misdemeanors,” or crimes that carry a potential jail time of 365-days or higher, immediately initiate inadmissibility or deportation proceedings. Second, crimes that are classified as Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude also automatically trigger immigration consequences. Because these immigration charges are litigated in criminal courts, to be effective counsel criminal defense lawyers need to take certain steps to …


Re-Writing Precedent: An Exploration Of The Negative Impact On Native Rights In The Wake Of Oklahoma V. Castro-Huerta, Brooke Hare Dec 2023

Re-Writing Precedent: An Exploration Of The Negative Impact On Native Rights In The Wake Of Oklahoma V. Castro-Huerta, Brooke Hare

Denver Law Review

The word “sovereignty” implies “freedom from external control” and is synonymous with the terms autonomy, self-determination, and independence. That is, at least, how Merriam-Webster defines the term and how the Supreme Court treated Native Americans through the careful development of over 200 years of case law. The current bench of the Supreme Court, however, had a different perception of how the relationship between federal, state, and tribal governments should function. In its decision in Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta, the majority decided the state now has authority to prosecute crimes traditionally reserved for the federal government. This decision incorrectly frames the jurisdictional …


Vol. 101, No. 2: Full Issue, Denver Law Review Dec 2023

Vol. 101, No. 2: Full Issue, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.


Anti-Transgender Legislation In Arizona, Alabama, And Arkansas: Arbitrary Moral Discrimination Masquerading As Child Protection, Austin Hoenig Oct 2023

Anti-Transgender Legislation In Arizona, Alabama, And Arkansas: Arbitrary Moral Discrimination Masquerading As Child Protection, Austin Hoenig

Denver Law Review

The twenty-first century saw rapid positive changes in the perception of the LGBTQIA+ community. However, an onslaught of anti-transgender legislation seeking to criminalize various aspects of transgender existence continues to sweep across the United States. This Comment analyzes laws in Arizona, Alabama, and Arkansas that target transgender children. The Comment posits that these laws are not effective as to their stated purposes of child protection. It also argues that the laws are facially discriminatory because they inexplicably consider transgender regret but ignore cisgender regret and disallow transgender affirmation but allow cisgender affirmation. The Comment goes on to argue that the …


Ny State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n V. Bruen: The Supreme Court's Insensitivity To Sensitive Places, Catherine O'Toole Oct 2023

Ny State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n V. Bruen: The Supreme Court's Insensitivity To Sensitive Places, Catherine O'Toole

Denver Law Review

The Supreme Court’s decision in N.Y. State Rifle and Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen jeopardized state licensing authorities’ abilities to use discretion when deciding whether a person is legally permitted to carry a concealed gun in public places. If states’ abilities to legislate on this issue are limited or states are unable to impose effective gun regulations, gun violence will certainly continue and perhaps increase. To solve this problem, and to undo the damage of Bruen, the Court must give power back to state legislatures so they can impose gun control regulations voted for by their citizens. There is extensive scholarly …


Racial Bias, Accomplice Liability, And The Felony Murder Rule: A National Empirical Study, G. Ben Cohen, Justin D. Levinson, Koichi Hioki Oct 2023

Racial Bias, Accomplice Liability, And The Felony Murder Rule: A National Empirical Study, G. Ben Cohen, Justin D. Levinson, Koichi Hioki

Denver Law Review

Two long criticized prosecutorial tools—the felony murder rule and the accomplice liability doctrine—play an outsized role in the operation of American homicide law. Though each of these tools have separately faced intense criticism for their resistance to the supposedly foundational principles of moral culpability and individual responsibility, their legacy is also defined by the way they function symbiotically and specifically to heighten racialized punishment. This Article addresses the weighty combined reach of the accomplice liability doctrine and felony murder rule, and proposes that racial bias has fueled the operation and survival of these tools. Specifically, it suggests that implicit racial …


The Shape Of Consumer Contracts, Andrea J. Boyack Oct 2023

The Shape Of Consumer Contracts, Andrea J. Boyack

Denver Law Review

Modern consumer contracts are the bane of contract law and theory. Freedom of contract justifications are premised on party autonomy and transactional efficiency, but theories justifying contract enforcement fail to explain why the law should treat company-crafted terms as presumptively binding on consumers. Consumer protection advocates point out that lower thresholds for manifesting assent endorsed by the recent Restatement of the Law of Consumer Contracts may result in consumers being bound to terms of which they were reasonably unaware. Other scholars point out that mere knowledge of company terms and conditions does almost nothing to protect consumers in any case …


Vol. 101, No. 1: Full Issue, Denver Law Review Oct 2023

Vol. 101, No. 1: Full Issue, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.