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Call Audio Quality Determination And Root Cause Analysis Using Machine Learning, Yu Liu, Jack Chan, Qin Zhang, Xiantao Sun
Call Audio Quality Determination And Root Cause Analysis Using Machine Learning, Yu Liu, Jack Chan, Qin Zhang, Xiantao Sun
Defensive Publications Series
Accurate assessment and categorization of real-world audio quality in a call, e.g., a call over VoLTE/VoNR, is essential to provide a satisfactory call experience. However, current techniques to determine call quality do not accurately categorize the audio quality. Also, there are no techniques to determine the root cause of poor audio quality or to identify potential solutions. This disclosure describes the use of machine learning clustering techniques to cluster audio metrics and using the obtained clusters to generate a root cause table. Further, a classifier is trained to determine whether an ongoing call has unsatisfactory audio quality. The quality can …
Predictive And Adaptive Mac Learning As A Service For Cloud And Wireless Environments, Madhan Sankaranarayanan, Jaganbabu Rajamanickam, Alejandro Eguiarte, Akram Sheriff, Nagendra Kumar Nainar
Predictive And Adaptive Mac Learning As A Service For Cloud And Wireless Environments, Madhan Sankaranarayanan, Jaganbabu Rajamanickam, Alejandro Eguiarte, Akram Sheriff, Nagendra Kumar Nainar
Defensive Publications Series
The protocols typically used by overlay technologies, such as Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN), Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VxLAN), Network Virtualization Overlays (NVO3), etc. are not designed to perform Media Access Control (MAC) learning validation. Thus, overlay environments may be subject to Denial-of-Service (DOS attacks), MAC spoofing, and other potential attacks/issues. Presented herein are techniques to facilitate a centralized service that performs MAC learning, referred to herein as "MAC Learning-as-a-Service" (MLaaS), such that MAC addresses, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, and network virtualization edge (NVE) devices can be learned for an overlay environment. Such techniques as presented herein can provide …
Connecting Bnpl Providers And Ensuring Repayment, Aishwarya Chembilathel Ramachandran, Jenny Abraham
Connecting Bnpl Providers And Ensuring Repayment, Aishwarya Chembilathel Ramachandran, Jenny Abraham
Defensive Publications Series
The present disclosure includes a system that is managed by a BNPL advisor which allows for BNPL providers to make an intelligent decision when approving loans requested by cardholder. The BNPL advisor consolidates borrowing and repayment behavior onto a database of every card holder from different BNPL providers. This proprietary database would update the borrowed amount & returned amount through installments through an asynchronous connection to each BNPL provider – updating the entry whenever a repayment or borrowing is made. Using this data along with BNPL advisors own transaction data, a score that indicates the probability of complete repayment is …
Use Of Graph Databases To Detect Illegitimate Money Transfers, Partha Saha, Roger Huang, Hemant Deshpande, Sumit Lal, Sam Hamilton, Suman Mukherjee
Use Of Graph Databases To Detect Illegitimate Money Transfers, Partha Saha, Roger Huang, Hemant Deshpande, Sumit Lal, Sam Hamilton, Suman Mukherjee
Defensive Publications Series
The present disclosure includes a method that comprises of determining an entity identifier and a geographic location identifier. The method further includes forming an article identifier using the entity identifier and the geographic location identifier. The articles pertaining to the entity identifier and the geographic location identifier can be grouped. The articles can then be stored in an article database that is indexed to the entity identifier and the geographic location identifier. A suspicious entity in a graph database can be identified. Entities associated with the suspicious entity can be identified using the graph database. The method can then include …
Solar Module With Defined Fit In Strak Of Sheet Metal Component, Axel Unger
Solar Module With Defined Fit In Strak Of Sheet Metal Component, Axel Unger
Defensive Publications Series
No abstract provided.
Avoiding Speech Collisions In Multi-Party Conferencing Via Modulation And Time Shifting, D Shin
Avoiding Speech Collisions In Multi-Party Conferencing Via Modulation And Time Shifting, D Shin
Defensive Publications Series
Network latency coupled with the lack of audiovisual cues in multi-party online conferencing can lead users to experience speech collisions when two or more parties start speaking at roughly the same time. Attempts to repair speech collisions typically result in a period of silence and attempts to break the silence may result in further speech collisions. This disclosure describes techniques to automatically detect and correct speech collisions in a multi-party conference by breaking ties among simultaneous speakers by modulating the amplitude and/or shifting the time of the audio forward for any user who starts speaking after the first speaker. As …
Detection Of Scammers Impersonating Authentic Merchants In Online Payment Systems, Ankit Aggarwal, Xuqian Zhang, Jj Geewax
Detection Of Scammers Impersonating Authentic Merchants In Online Payment Systems, Ankit Aggarwal, Xuqian Zhang, Jj Geewax
Defensive Publications Series
In some online payment systems, scammers may use a fake company name that is visually similar to that of an authentic merchant. Due to the similarity in name, unsuspecting customers who fail to notice the similarity may inadvertently pay the scammer rather than the authentic merchant. This disclosure describes automated techniques to detect if a candidate merchant has a name that is similar to an authentic merchant. For such detection, alphabetic and alphanumeric maps are used to generate permutations of authentic merchant names. Soundex encodings are generated for the permutations. When a candidate merchant name is selected for payment, the …
Data Compression Using Contrastive Pre-Training And Large Language Models, D Shin
Data Compression Using Contrastive Pre-Training And Large Language Models, D Shin
Defensive Publications Series
Data compression enables reduction in cost for data storage and communication. Storage of data obtained from a variety of sensors and other data sources is expensive. Conventional compression techniques are specific to individual data types and not suitable for many data modalities such as location data, user interaction data, etc. Contrastive pre-training enables generating a text representation of an image that preserves valuable information, e.g., the subject of the image. This disclosure describes the use of modality-specific encoders in combination with a text encoder to generate a text summary of data in each modality. The text summaries are merged into …
Defining Procedures And An Interface Between A Local Nsacf And A Global Nsacf For Efficient Admission Control, Ravi Shekhar, Dishant Parikh
Defining Procedures And An Interface Between A Local Nsacf And A Global Nsacf For Efficient Admission Control, Ravi Shekhar, Dishant Parikh
Defensive Publications Series
Presented herein are techniques that provide for defining an interface between one or more local network slice admission control functions (NSACFs) and a global or primary NSACF. Various techniques presented herein can help to report local events to a global NSACF and may also be useful for restoration procedures when a local NSACF restarts. Thus, techniques proposed herein can facilitate improved slice admission and control procedures over existing standards-based solutions.
Techniques To Reduce The Risk Of Malicious Operations Being Performed During Remote Control Of Network Devices, Yi Ding, Humphrey Hanfeng Cai, Roman Volkov, Samantha Wang
Techniques To Reduce The Risk Of Malicious Operations Being Performed During Remote Control Of Network Devices, Yi Ding, Humphrey Hanfeng Cai, Roman Volkov, Samantha Wang
Defensive Publications Series
Remote logins to network devices, such as during remote support sessions, can potentially introduce the risk of harm to network devices through human errors that could be triggered by technical support personnel during such remote logins/support sessions. Presented herein are techniques that can be implemented to fundamentally reduce the risk of human error that may occur during remote control of network equipment.
Automatically Generating A Video Based On User Provided Text Input, Jinyue Peng, Nizam Anuar
Automatically Generating A Video Based On User Provided Text Input, Jinyue Peng, Nizam Anuar
Defensive Publications Series
Visual stories are a popular format for online storytelling in many contexts. Visualizing text often helps a reader understand the story. There are tools that currently exist which can generate multimedia based on user input text. However, the generated media may not always match the text input and may include images that are diverse in style. This disclosure describes techniques that use generative artificial intelligence to automatically generate images, animation, and audio based on user input text and preferences. The generated assets are combined into a visual story that has a coherent visual theme and that can help viewers understand …
Measuring User Journey Friction In Search Engines, Abhishek Roy, Rebecca Umbach
Measuring User Journey Friction In Search Engines, Abhishek Roy, Rebecca Umbach
Defensive Publications Series
This disclosure describes techniques to measure user friction in search tasks performed by a user using a search engine. User friction can be defined as the inverse of total time spent in refinement before a user obtains a desired search result. User friction is indicated by the amount of user actions taken before the user obtains a desired search result. Based on user-permitted metadata indicating queries and actions input by the user, a user search session is divided into user visit segments classified based on the query intent of the user, each segment indicating a search task. User friction scores …
Risk-Based Payment Authorization For Online Transactions, Stan Li, Aneesh Ali Nainamvalappil Cheriyakath, Archana Malhotra
Risk-Based Payment Authorization For Online Transactions, Stan Li, Aneesh Ali Nainamvalappil Cheriyakath, Archana Malhotra
Defensive Publications Series
This disclosure describes techniques for risk-based authentication and/or authorization of payments for transactions. Per techniques of this disclosure, risk signals associated with a transaction initiated from a user device are determined based on user-permitted factors. The risk signals are transmitted to a payment instrument issuer prior to the initiation of a payment authorization request. The payment instrument issuer can determine the risk associated with a transaction based on the risk signals. If the determined risk exceeds a threshold, the payment instrument issuer may request additional user verification, e.g., via a challenge-response mechanism. Payment credentials are provided based on the determined …
Measuring Net Occupancy Of A Parking Area With A Sensor Pair At Each Entry And Exit, D Shin
Measuring Net Occupancy Of A Parking Area With A Sensor Pair At Each Entry And Exit, D Shin
Defensive Publications Series
Many parking areas are equipped with sensors that detect whether a specific parking space is occupied. However, allocating a sensor for each parking space has high cost and is thus not scalable. This disclosure describes techniques to determine net parking space availability in a parking area by placing two sensors in line one after the other to act as a directional tripwire at each entrance and exit. The two sensors act as a directional tripwire. The temporal ordering of the signal peaks registered at the two sensors indicate the direction of travel of a vehicle. The total occupancy of the …
Language Identification For Language Agnostic Text, Shubhi Sareen, Vijay Garg, Abhinav Khandelwal, Nidhi Gupta, Srinivas Varanasi, Aditya Singh
Language Identification For Language Agnostic Text, Shubhi Sareen, Vijay Garg, Abhinav Khandelwal, Nidhi Gupta, Srinivas Varanasi, Aditya Singh
Defensive Publications Series
Detecting query language is an important task for applications such as search engines, virtual assistants, etc. It is difficult to correctly determine the language for short text. This task is even more difficult when the text includes references to entities, brands, or other words that are common across multiple languages. Language classifiers can be used to identify query language as well as to determine the intent language of the users. This disclosure relates to techniques to define and identify language agnostic tokens and phrases from text. The techniques described herein can be used to identify language agnostic text (e.g., in …
Providing A Built-In Service Monitoring Display For Network Devices, Asier Arlegui, Josh Halley, Sven Arend
Providing A Built-In Service Monitoring Display For Network Devices, Asier Arlegui, Josh Halley, Sven Arend
Defensive Publications Series
When a home office user or enterprise branch office user complains that the "internet is not working," it could be due to a number of factors, such as router/modem issues, Internet Service Provider (ISP) downtime, network congestion, wired/wireless connection problems, Domain Name Server (DNS) issues, firewall block(s), security breach(es), power failures/surges, network configuration errors, and/or the like. Presented herein is a built-in display that can be provided for a network device (e.g., router, switch, etc.) that can be used to report data gathered by active network and digital service monitoring agents running on the device itself. Network connectivity and digital …
Application Of Ai/Ml Techniques To Create Confidence/Trust Score To Protect Users Against Phishing Attacks, Vinay Kumar Abburi, Stephen M. Orr
Application Of Ai/Ml Techniques To Create Confidence/Trust Score To Protect Users Against Phishing Attacks, Vinay Kumar Abburi, Stephen M. Orr
Defensive Publications Series
Existing methods to prevent phishing attacks in enterprise environments typically rely on employees being vigilant with regard to email and/or internet use. However, as employees juggle to work on multiple priorities, sometimes they fall prey to targeted phishing attacks. Presented herein are techniques through which data can be pulled from multiple sources and analyzed using AI/ML techniques in order to predict potential phishing attacks for users across multiple mediums.
Amf Selection And Signalling For Amf Recovery In An Enhanced Service-Based Architecture Utilizing Indirect Communications In 5g Networks, Vinod Kamalaraj, Dishant Parikh, Vimal Srivastava, Ravi Shekhar
Amf Selection And Signalling For Amf Recovery In An Enhanced Service-Based Architecture Utilizing Indirect Communications In 5g Networks, Vinod Kamalaraj, Dishant Parikh, Vimal Srivastava, Ravi Shekhar
Defensive Publications Series
Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) sets and regions, as defined in Release 15 of Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards, provide for the hierarchical organization of AMFs in which an AMF can belong to a set, and different AMF sets can belong to an AMF region. When an AMF fails, a peer can then search for an AMF in the same set, and if that fails, can then search for an AMF in the same region. 3GPP Release 16 standards introduced the indirect communications that can involve a Service Communication Proxy (SCP). However, the hierarchical discovery of an AMF …
Temporal Tokenization Service, Pratik Satapathy, Babu Saginadham, Ravi Bhushan Mishra, Vamsi Krishna Kalidindi, Abdul Jakeer Gurramkonda
Temporal Tokenization Service, Pratik Satapathy, Babu Saginadham, Ravi Bhushan Mishra, Vamsi Krishna Kalidindi, Abdul Jakeer Gurramkonda
Defensive Publications Series
The present disclosure relates to a method and system for provisioning of temporal tokens for payment cards and enabling payments using the temporal tokens. The present disclosure discloses methods to provision one or more temporal tokens to a payment card, that can be used by a customer or a trusted user registered or nominated by the customer, for performing transactions in scenarios where the payment card and an authenticated mobile device are not available with the customer or the trusted user. The present disclosure provides a secure and efficient method of performing transactions using the temporal tokens in the above …
Reducing Time To Reset A Stateful System Under Test (Sut), Souvik Paul, Andrew Khatko, Frank Legler, Shubham Sharma, Rk Palabindela
Reducing Time To Reset A Stateful System Under Test (Sut), Souvik Paul, Andrew Khatko, Frank Legler, Shubham Sharma, Rk Palabindela
Defensive Publications Series
The qualification of continuously running, stateful systems requires a full reset to initial state due to the state-altering nature of a finite workload. A full reset entails teardown and restart of the system to a known initial state, which can cause the workload to experience long downtimes for the duration of the reset. This disclosure describes techniques that reduce reset durations that occur in the context of testing stateful systems. In a one-time operation, an initial state is maintained in persistent storage, e.g., in cloud-based virtual disks. The system under test (SUT) is reset using the stored initial image. The …
Enhanced Visibility And Forwarding In A Telcommunication Data Center Fabric, Radha Krishnaiah Pusapati, Rajagopalan Janakiraman, Murukanandam Panchalingam, Javed Asghar
Enhanced Visibility And Forwarding In A Telcommunication Data Center Fabric, Radha Krishnaiah Pusapati, Rajagopalan Janakiraman, Murukanandam Panchalingam, Javed Asghar
Defensive Publications Series
In current telecommunication (telco) deployments, data center networks do not have visibility into subscriber traffic and cannot apply functions related to the subscriber traffic. Techniques presented herein provide for a methodology through which a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol (GTP) tunnel ID (TEID) in a packet GTP header can be used as endpoint security group classification criteria. Classifying packets into security groups may allow for aggregating subscriber mobile traffic and for facilitating the enforcement of granular policies.
Universal Rodent Contamination Protection Cover Plate For Natural Convection Products, Eric P. Heidepriem, Stephen A. Scearce, Phong Ho, Mark W. Musser
Universal Rodent Contamination Protection Cover Plate For Natural Convection Products, Eric P. Heidepriem, Stephen A. Scearce, Phong Ho, Mark W. Musser
Defensive Publications Series
Techniques are presented herein that support a universal rodent contamination cover plate for natural convection products. Aspects of the presented techniques encompass a top cover with integrated magnets that may be attached to the top of a piece of equipment (e.g., on-demand, within a poorly managed environment) thus not adding an extra cost to a base design or to a default field installation. Importantly, a solution according to aspects of the presented techniques is scalable to support all product sizes. Further aspects of the presented techniques will work with all flat surface ferrous metallic chassis (thus staying within the top …
Screenshots Enriched With Metadata To Enable Bookmarking And Semantic Retrieval, Duc-Hieu Tran
Screenshots Enriched With Metadata To Enable Bookmarking And Semantic Retrieval, Duc-Hieu Tran
Defensive Publications Series
Users capture screenshots of their devices while running particular applications for various purposes such as bookmarking a specific interaction or state of the application. However, currently, finding the correct screenshot at a later time is challenging since screenshots are not amenable to searching. Further, the non-interactive nature of screenshots makes them inadequate for accessing underlying content such as embedded links or multimedia resources. This disclosure describes techniques to automatically enhance screenshots by capturing relevant contextual metadata that can enable semantic indexing of screenshots. The indexing facilitates search and retrieval and can support resuming the underlying application in the same state …
Stratified Investigation Of Low-Performing Network Architecture (Sina) Using Graph Neural Networks And Peer Benchmarking, Benjamin L. Chang, Qixu Gong, Qihong Shao
Stratified Investigation Of Low-Performing Network Architecture (Sina) Using Graph Neural Networks And Peer Benchmarking, Benjamin L. Chang, Qixu Gong, Qihong Shao
Defensive Publications Series
Monitoring and troubleshooting networks to improve their performance and reliability is a complicated task, not only because it requires the checking of every single network device but also because it involves understanding the connections between those devices. To address that complexity, techniques are presented herein that support a Stratified Investigation of Low-Performing Network Architecture (SINA) system. Such a system is a framework that identifies any low-performing network architecture areas and makes improvements on a subnetwork level. Such a system may automatically identify low-performing areas of a customer’s network based on information about similar networks and expert knowledge with solutions. Such …
Privacy In Personal Computing Using Frequency-Hopped Spread Spectrum, Michael R. Torres
Privacy In Personal Computing Using Frequency-Hopped Spread Spectrum, Michael R. Torres
Defensive Publications Series
Information displayed on display screens can easily be observed by an unauthorized person looking over the user’s shoulder or by a zoomed-in visual capture device within visible range of the screen, without the user being aware of such an observer. This form of attack where an unauthorized party obtains access to a user’s information is referred to as shoulder surfing and can lead to disclosure of the information displayed on the screen which is undesirable. This disclosure describes techniques to protect information displayed on a computer screen from such snooping by rendering it as a time-variant, randomly multicolored region. A …
Automated Testing Of Software With Adequate Coverage Of Input Space, Matt Kenison, Justin Bagwell, Mike Meade
Automated Testing Of Software With Adequate Coverage Of Input Space, Matt Kenison, Justin Bagwell, Mike Meade
Defensive Publications Series
Some software products have large input spaces, with potentially an exponentially large number of parameter combinations. It is infeasible to exhaustively test such software products. This disclosure describes techniques to automatically generate input space coverage for a software product by generating test cases from a rules grammar while maintaining coverage over the lifetime of the product. The various components include a grammar for describing the input space; a test engine to accept workloads and input parameters and to generate test cases that run workloads against input parameters; a software module that computes the number of interacting parameters to test and …
Network Assisted Handover To A Private 5g Network, Snezana Mitrovic, Vinay Saini, Alwin Xavier, Robert Barton, Jerome Henry
Network Assisted Handover To A Private 5g Network, Snezana Mitrovic, Vinay Saini, Alwin Xavier, Robert Barton, Jerome Henry
Defensive Publications Series
An efficient handover mechanism is needed to facilitate seamless user equipment (UE) handover for public 5G to public 5G handover scenarios and also for public 5G to private 5G handover scenarios. The traditional approach for UE handovers can cause several minutes of delay when handing-over between public to private 5G networks. In order to address such issues, this submission proposes novel techniques that can be embedded within Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) call flows that will allow the network to query a UE about the available networks the UE can see in order to guide the UE to the best …
A-Sid Binding Release Mechanism, Hp Inc
A-Sid Binding Release Mechanism, Hp Inc
Defensive Publications Series
In the printing industry, and even more specifically in the digital printing industry, the use in highly accurate printing cylinders with small runout is verry common. In order to meet accuracy demands and allow simple and easy removal for maintenance purposes, the printing cylinder is usually positioned upon 2 tapered areas. A combination of thermal deformation upon the tapered areas (especially when the cylinder and tapered areas are made of different materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion), with the shallow taper angle, and the contact friction creates a situation of “self-locking”, which “binds” the cylinder to the tapered areas …
A Mechanism To Correlate Distributed Logs To Perform Root Cause Analysis And Scope Assessment, Xueqiang (Sherman) Ma
A Mechanism To Correlate Distributed Logs To Perform Root Cause Analysis And Scope Assessment, Xueqiang (Sherman) Ma
Defensive Publications Series
For large distributed systems, it can be difficult to connect isolated types of data across multiple data logs, as well as to determine correlations among the data logs in order to perform root cause analysis during service outages such that a scope of damage can be assessed. Presented herein is a mechanism to correlate distributed data logs in order to perform root cause analysis and scope assessment. The mechanism may be utilized to analyze and resolve issues in large, complex distributed and/or cloud systems that generate high volumes of data logs.
Generating Book Sample Based On Page Engagement Metrics, D Shin
Generating Book Sample Based On Page Engagement Metrics, D Shin
Defensive Publications Series
Free samples of books and other long-form text content typically includes the initial part of the content. This approach may not always result in the most engaging sections being selected as the sample and may not be suitable to give the best impression of the content. This disclosure describes techniques that determine page engagement metrics for a book (or other long-form text content) and utilize such metrics to generate a sample for the content. Page engagement scores for each page are generated using a trained machine learning model. The scores are based on user-permitted engagement data obtained from users that …