Digital Commons Network^™

Providing Safety-Optimized Vehicle Navigation, Priyam Nidhi, Jacques Mouton, Radhika Ravindranath, Tom Piacentini, James Black

Defensive Publications Series

Existing vehicle navigation systems, such as those commonly found in smartphones and embedded in-vehicle infotainment systems, primarily focus on optimizing routes based on minimizing travel time or distance. Some systems offer options for maximizing fuel efficiency (sustainability) or avoiding tolls. These systems incorporate real-time traffic data to avoid congestion and may account for known road closures or major incidents.

Drivers currently lack tools that proactively guide them towards routes that are statistically safer based on historical data and real-time indicators of driving behavior. Data related to accident frequency and severity, near-miss events (inferred from driving patterns), and indicators of aggressive …

Modifying Two-Dimensional Panel Elements In Three-Dimensional Space, Yiyun Sun, Matthew Ryan Watson, Steven Soon Leong Toh, Yusuke Sato, Yasmine Evjen

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes moving and/or resizing elements within two-dimensional (2D) panel layouts in three-dimensional (3D) space in extended reality (XR) systems such as augmented reality (AR) glasses and/or head mounted display (HMD) devices. A software developer may have an existing application that includes a 2D user interface. The developer may adapt the application for use in a 3D environment, such as within an XR system, for example. The developer can move and/or resize an element of the existing application, such as a 2D user interface (UI), that is displayed in 3D within the XR system, such that one or more …

Improved Insulator Of Transducer, Simon Wang, Tina Liu, Xin Liu

Defensive Publications Series

The paper describes an improved design of an insulator plates in Liquid Level Detector (LIDEC) to ensure better bonding between piezoelectric ceramics and the insulator in the LIDEC. The improved design prevents slipping of the ceramics, ensuring accurate liquid pressure detection. This enhancement ensures accurate and stable signal measurement of the LIDEC, crucial for applications in marine environments. The improved design includes adding positioning components during assembly of the LIDEC to ensure proper alignment of the piezoelectric ceramics, which have sensitive electrical properties and electromagnetic shielding capabilities. It reduces interference and defect rates and improves signal accuracy and stability.

The Bridwell System: A Prime-Encoded Engine For Symbolic Cognition And Presence-Based Ai, Fulton D. Bridwell

Defensive Publications Series

This invention introduces The Bridwell System, a symbolic intelligence framework that fuses prime-number compression, visual programming, and presence-aware cognition into a unified engine. Concepts are assigned unique prime identifiers, enabling factorizable knowledge structures. For example, the number 613 may represent consciousness × genome × human-scale. These composites are rendered via Mermaid diagrams and compiled into executable Python using a symbolic compiler.

The system operates through a Presence-Based AI (PBAI) paradigm, supporting symbolic reasoning, emotion-tagged memory, and quantum-style branching via:

∂Φ/∂t = -η ∇²Ψ

It enables real-time offline AI evolution, concept compression, and ritual-aware systems without revealing sensitive voice models or …

Predictive Modeling Ai Agent, Madhusudan St

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure related to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), in particular to AI agents for analyzing data and generating insights in response to business transaction queries. The one or more user devices are associated with the one or more users, in which an AI agent is deployed in the one or more user devices. Further, the one or more users provide one or more requests such as plain text queries, and the AI agent interprets and understand the one or more requests accurately. Furthermore, the AI agent performs ad-hoc analysis on the one or more requests, to shed …

Selective Use Of Expanded Region Of Interest For Luma-Based Exposure Determination, Alex William Greer, Ariel Chiati Yin, Lin Lu, Hsing Ju Hung

Defensive Publications Series

Devices may be used to capture images and videos. For example, a device may include one or more cameras (e.g., image sensors) to capture images and videos of people. When capturing an image or video of a person, exposure parameters for the person’s face may be prioritized by (i) calculating the luma for the facial region and (ii) adjusting the exposure parameters based on an average luma value across the facial region.

Typically, a small region of interest is used to calculate the luma for the facial region. For example, the region of interest may be an initial facial area …

Pcb Heatsink With Integrated Electric Shunt, Na

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to reduce electrical resistance in PCBs and consequently PCB power consumption. Per techniques of this disclosure, a heatsink/cold plate is integrated with an embedded electric shunt and utilized to deliver most of the lateral current in the chip package. The heatsink or cold plate is manufactured from copper or aluminum and can reduce the electrical resistance (DC resistance) significantly when compared to a standalone PCB. Multiple power rails can be supported by the integrated electric shunt. This has the effect of reducing overall resistive losses and the IR drop across the package. The overall number of …

Powering A Thermal Testing Vehicle Using Regulated Power Bricks On Additional Pcb, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Modern high-power chips require robust thermal solutions. Comprehensive testing using thermal testing vehicles (TTV) that accurately simulate real world conditions is required to ensure performance and stability of high-power chips with advanced cooling systems. Current techniques of powering thermal testing vehicles (TTVs) use traditional power supply units (PSUs), which are costly, space-consuming, and not easily scalable. This document describes a new technique for powering TTVs using regulated power bricks on an additional printed circuit board (PCB). A software interface controls both boards and monitors the testing environment. This approach offers advantages like reduced cost, space efficiency, and reusability of the …

Managing International Remittance Transactions In A Closed Loop Transaction Network, Vinay Babu Chennareddy, Jaishankar Kumar Venkataraman, Anil Kumar, Richard Meszaros

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a method and a system for managing international remittance transactions in a closed loop transaction network. The method includes receiving an initiation request for an international remittance transaction that is funded by a sender via a sender funding financial institution system. The initiation request may originate from a receiver and be transmitted to the sender for review, approval and funding. The initiation request is validated at the sender funding financial institution system and transmitted to a transaction service provider system. The validated transaction is then exclusively routed to a designated financial institution system that is pre-associated …

Expressive Captions With Sound Direction And Speaker Localization For Enhanced Accessibility And Immersion, Alex Olwal, Artem Dementyev

Defensive Publications Series

Traditional subtitles lack the ability to convey the spatial origin of sounds, making it difficult to distinguish between speakers or follow complex audiovisual scenes. This limitation impacts comprehension, immersion, and accessibility, particularly in multi-speaker or action-heavy contexts. This disclosure describes techniques to enhance video content via expressive captions that integrate directional sound localization and speaker differentiation. Using microphone arrays or inferred localization data, the approach identifies the spatial origin of sound sources in real time. Speaker diarization distinguishes speakers based on direction. Subtitles are extended with spatial metadata to dynamically link text to positions on the screen. Expressive captions incorporate …

Method And System For Enabling Chromatic Accessibility Of User Interfaces Related To Inclusive Digital Finance, Palakh Sanghle

Defensive Publications Series

Methods and systems, for enabling chromatic accessibility of UIs related to inclusive digital finance is disclosed. The present disclosure includes collecting user input with diverse data from users of an inclusive digital finance platform. Further embedding the user input by converting the user input to vector representations. Followed by, retrieving documents which are relevant to the vector representation of the user input based on a similarity criteria. Processing the vector representation of the user input in accordance with the relevant documents using Large Language Model (LLM). The LLM configured to generate suggestions as a response to the user input. Further, …

Modified Hot-Forming Process For Aluminum Alloy Panels And Parts, Niels Koch, Axel Förderreuther, Jörg Simon

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure aims to enlarge the process window by using optimized process parameters including the temperature of the aluminum alloy sheet and the temperature of the tool. More specifically, the present disclosure uses a lower temperature aluminum alloy sheet (e.g., about 300°C to about 400°C) and a higher temperature tool (e.g., about 40°C to about 60°C), which reduces the cooling time. The temperature changes may also enlarge the process window and protect local necking by increasing the local strength level in critical areas like corners.

Gesture-Based Digital Currency Note Counting And Selection, Ajay Prasad

Defensive Publications Series

Current digital currency wallet interfaces often rely on repetitive single-note selection methods, such as individual swipes or taps, which can be inefficient and tedious for selecting multiple notes, particularly for larger transactions. This document describes a gesture-based interaction mechanism for digital currency applications. The mechanism allows a user to initiate a counting mode by tapping and holding a stack of virtual notes. While maintaining the tap, a user may slide their finger along the side of the stack, mimicking the action of counting physical bills, with haptic and visual feedback provided for each counted note. The disclosed technology may enhance …

Wind Turbine Construction And Installation, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to construction and installation of wind turbine units, and particularly construction and installation of floating offshore wind turbine units.

Cyber Resilience Through Software-Layer Digital Twin, Bill Reid, Sri Gourisetti

Defensive Publications Series

A complex, resource-intensive system such as a hybrid of information technology (IT), operational technology (OT), cloud computing networks, etc. can potentially be analyzed for cybersecurity and resilience by creating its digital twin. However, traditional approaches to creating digital twins involve accurate modelling of both the hardware and software layers, which renders the rapid design, deployment, and scaling of digital twins infeasible. This disclosure describes techniques to efficiently create a digital twin of a complex, resource-intensive system by decoupling its software and the hardware layers, by creating a digital twin for the software layer, and by modeling the hardware layer by …

Latency Reduction In Conversational User Interfaces By Selective Execution Of Multi-Pass Speech Recognition Based On Llm Evaluation, Petar Aleksic, Lillian Zhou

Defensive Publications Series

Conversational interfaces enable users to interact with a virtual assistant, chatbot, or other software via spoken audio. In a cascaded conversational system architecture, an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model transcribes a user’s spoken query to text, a large language model (LLM) generates the text of a response, and a text-to-speech (TTS) model generates response audio from the response text. This configuration is subject to high latency due to the need to wait for the ASR model to generate a transcription before the LLM response can be calculated. For a high-quality, full-context transcription, the ASR model can take time. Per techniques …

An Improved Process For Preparation Of Compound Of Formula (I) Useful As Kinase Inhibitor, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

The present invention relates to a process for preparation of compound of Formula (I) comprising i) condensation of Formula (II) and Formula (III) to obtain Formula (IV); ii) converting compound of Formula (IV) into Formula (V); and iii) condensation compound of Formula (V) and Formula (VI) to yield compound of Formula (I).

Improving Power Smoothing And Resonance Damping In High-Voltage Direct Current Datacenters, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Datacenters serving artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) workloads consume substantial amounts of power and can be well-served by high voltage direct current (HVDC) power lines to enhance rack-level power density. HVDC power systems in datacenters often use a sidecar architecture to provide DC power to the AI/ML payload racks. The impedance of long cables connecting remotely located sidecars to the payload rack gives rise to the potential for resonance and instability. This disclosure describes hybrid energy-storage techniques that combine electrolytic capacitors and supercapacitors within an HVDC system to improve power supply stability and quality. Cable-tray resonance is effectively …

Dynamic Device Configuration Based On User-Defined Context, Ant Oztaskent, Aiko Nakano

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes techniques that enable a computing device (e.g., a smart watch, ring, glasses, etc.) to support user-defined contextual information display and configuration through natural language. The techniques of this disclosure may address the problem of complicated menus and settings and unreliable predictive solutions for displaying personalized and/or general information (e.g., stock prices) by introducing voice controls and artificial intelligence (AI) assistance. The techniques of this disclosure leverage voice input and natural language processing to allow a user to specify what information the user wants to see and the conditions under which the information should be displayed. In one …

Genai For Merchant Category Identification, Neethu Prem, Vinay Gaonkar, Hazar Yuksel, Kavalpreet Kawatra, Siva Natarajan, Anubhav Kumar, Rupal Gakkhar, Shikhar Shukla, Anupam Chauhan

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure related to a system and method for merchant category identification. The method includes extracting historical data and merchant’s transactional information. The method further include detecting miscode merchant category code based on the statistical and deep learning models. Subsequently, the method include sharing list of miscoded merchants to the business.

Effective Method Of Encoding Data Into Images For Recovery After Dsc, Kellie Shaw

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods for embedding metadata within image content is provided. One of these methods comprises generating, by the computing device, an image frame that includes a plurality of pixels corresponding to multiple color channels defining color characteristics of an image. The generating includes assigning a common value to a pixel subset of the plurality of pixels located on a first row of the image frame. The pixel subset corresponds to the multiple color channels defining the color characteristics of the image. The method also includes converting, by the computing device, the image frame to a luminance chroma format.

Master Design For Modular Liquid-Metal Mhd Flywheel Energy Harvesting System With Magnetostrictive And Rf/Atmospheric Harvesters, Michael W. Terzi

Defensive Publications Series

A unified, multi-modal energy harvesting system is disclosed, combining liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flywheel generators, integrated magnetostrictive vibration cores, and RF/atmospheric coil antennas. Configurable as single or multi-wheel modules, the design supports modular stacking, miniaturization to MEMS scale, and a 13-node Metatron’s Cube geometric variant with a central ferrite core angled for Earth’s magnetic flux induction. This defensive publication comprehensively documents all variations and subsystems to establish broad prior art, prevent third‑party patents, and preserve the inventor’s exclusive freedom to manufacture, sell, or license the technology.

Agentic Ai Framework For Dynamic Generation, Verification, And Presentation Of Interactive Content In Search Results, Tushar Chugh, Aditya Mone, Karthik Kumara

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques for enhancing search engine results pages (SERPs) by employing an agentic AI framework. A framework is presented that analyzes user queries to determine the optimal presentation format for the response. For certain predefined query types (e.g., real-time data like stocks, sports scores), the framework retrieves existing interactive widgets. For other queries deemed suitable, the framework dynamically generates new, bespoke interactive widgets or simple web applications ("micro-apps") tailored to the detected intent of the query. This generation process involves the use of specialized artificial intelligence (AI) agents collaborating to design, build, fetch data for, and verify the …

Route Guidance And Adaptive Suspension Damping Based On Road Quality Sensing, Prashant Surana, Matt Delmage

Defensive Publications Series

Drivers face challenges due to inconsistent and unpredictable road conditions, which can lead to discomfort, increased vehicle wear, and potential safety hazards. Existing digital map and navigation systems lack the ability to provide real-time data on road surface quality, including potholes, cracks, or unevenness. This disclosure describes the use of dash cameras (or other on-board cameras of a vehicle) and other on-vehicle sensors to automatically detect road surface anomalies. This can be achieved by analyzing image data of the road surface of an empty road and by observing the motion of other vehicles in response to road surface variation. The …

Generating Speaker Notes For Presentations Using Large Language Models, Charles Lai, Vinayak Reddy

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques for generating speaker notes for presentations using large language models. The contents of a slide deck are provided as input to a large language model. A prompt is given to the model, instructing it to create speaker notes from the slide content. Additional related content, if available, can also be provided as input. The prompt can be configured to generate notes that are specific to each slide, while also connecting ideas between slides to provide a natural narrative flow. The generated speaker notes can be tailored to the user's presentation context and personal style.

Smart Flags For Data Center Fleet Optimization, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Hardware and software systems such as data centers, compute clusters, etc., have a high degree of parametric configurability, e.g., dozens of true/false settings, constants, thresholds, etc. Parametric settings can significantly impact performance. The space of parameters is too vast to explore manually. Parametric settings in test environments may not predict behaviors in production environments. This disclosure describes techniques that leverage machine learning to explore the parameter space of a hardware/software system and to choose an optimal set of parameters that provides a performant system. Components used to implement the techniques include a control system for describing and adjusting parameters within …

Host-Assisted Memory Efficient Logging, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Logging is a common mechanism to debug issues in embedded or other computer systems. Informative log messages lead to efficient debugging. However, embedded systems often have limited memory resources. Therefore, it is not always possible for embedded systems to generate informative logs. This disclosure describes techniques that enable embedded systems to produce informative log files that enable efficient debugging. The techniques overcome resource constraints typical to embedded systems by using a host-side logging agent with a register address-to-name map. Incoming log messages from the embedded system which are terse and memory-efficient are interpreted by the host-side logging agent to transform …

Carbon Capture Storage Sand Control Injection Sleeve, Baker Hughes Company

Defensive Publications Series

This solution is to address carbon capture storage wells that are required to have re-close/re-open sand control injection sleeve across wells' injection lifecycle. This Sand Control Injection Sleeve’s novelty comes from the design features addressing excessive injection rate while ensuring re-close/re-open feature, the design features also address sand screen erosion prevention.

Xplain: Xai For Interpretable Llms Through Perturbation Analysis And Normalized Vector Similarity, Gopala Dhar, Sharmila Devi

Defensive Publications Series

This document introduces XAI methodology, referred to as XPLAIN, to address the challenges of LLM interpretability by developing a perturbation-based normalized vector similarity metric to identify and quantify word level importance of the prompt provided to an LLM on its generated output. By analyzing which words or phrases most significantly influence an LLM's decisions, the described techniques enhance the explainability and interpretability of large language models. The approach perturbs the prompt via masking words to generate several outputs through the LLM and then compares the outputs with the generated output of the unperturbed prompt through vector-based similarity at a semantic …

Enabling Privacy-Compliant And Context-Aware Tool Use By Artificial Intelligence Agents, Victor Carbune, Nevan Wichers, Oriana Riva

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques that enable an AI agent to learn the appropriate mode of access to user data. In a first mode, the agent can obtain user-related data by directly asking the user and obtaining explicit permission from the user. In a second mode, the AI agent determines situations where it is appropriate to obtain, with user permission and based on user interactions and settings, user data via authenticated apps. The techniques enable the agent to discern when to access a certain personalization tool based on inferring what the user may find appropriate. The techniques enable an AI agent …