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Security Classification Based Quic Traffic Steering In A Secure Internet Gateway (Sig), Prashanth Patil, Rajesh I. V, Ram Mohan R
Security Classification Based Quic Traffic Steering In A Secure Internet Gateway (Sig), Prashanth Patil, Rajesh I. V, Ram Mohan R
Defensive Publications Series
The Quick User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Internet Connection (QUIC) protocol is slated to become the next (third) major version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – i.e., HTTP/3. As applications transition to QUIC for web traffic, a Secure Internet Gateway (SIG) needs to effectively load balance, proxy, and classify QUIC traffic. Techniques are presented herein that make use of a custom Connection ID (CID) artifact to allow a load balancer to determine, with minimal processing, a target server, and potentially the application that the QUIC flow is serving, in support of steering traffic to the appropriate upstream services. Additionally, techniques …
On Demand Bit Index Explicit Replication Forwarding For Optimized Replication In Iot Networks, Mankamana Mishra, Pascal Thubert, Manmeet Singh, Anuj Budhiraja
On Demand Bit Index Explicit Replication Forwarding For Optimized Replication In Iot Networks, Mankamana Mishra, Pascal Thubert, Manmeet Singh, Anuj Budhiraja
Defensive Publications Series
An industrial Internet of Things (IoT) deployment can potentially have thousands of devices. The need to perform, for example, a software upgrade on such devices presents a number of difficulties. While Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) offers a potential solution to some of those difficulties, with respect to low-cost IoT devices, utilizing BIER also presents various challenges. To address these challenges techniques are presented herein that facilitate the on-demand installation and uninstallation of a BIER state for the optimal replication of a multicast flow in support of, for example, software upgrades in an IoT domain, such as Routing Protocol for …
A Method For Iris Liveness Detection Using Passive Light Trigger, Sunpreet Singh Arora, Kim Wagner
A Method For Iris Liveness Detection Using Passive Light Trigger, Sunpreet Singh Arora, Kim Wagner
Defensive Publications Series
The present disclosure relates to a passive liveness detection method for a camera-based iris biometric system. The method comprising: detecting an initiation of transaction on one of a user device and a payment terminal in supervised/unsupervised payment environments, introducing a passive light trigger to record real-time involuntary biological response of user’s eye when the initiation of transaction is detected, comparing the recorded real-time involuntary biological response of the user’s eye to similar biological response of the user’s eye recorded at the time of enrollment and/or a previous successful transaction by the user stored in a database, and determining if the …
Secure Mobile Payments Without Network Connectivity, Abhijit Bera, Arun Samudrala, Pankaj Gupta, Dilip Padmanabhan, Hemanth Sambrani, Shuo Weng, Wallace Wong
Secure Mobile Payments Without Network Connectivity, Abhijit Bera, Arun Samudrala, Pankaj Gupta, Dilip Padmanabhan, Hemanth Sambrani, Shuo Weng, Wallace Wong
Defensive Publications Series
Mobile payments depend on the availability of internet connectivity, e.g., to enable a centralized service to authenticate a payment. This disclosure describes techniques to enable peer-to-peer mobile payments in the absence of a network. A user has an initial amount, referred to as the balance, that is transferred to their mobile device from a balance provider, e.g., a financial institution. The balance is digitally signed by both the user and the balance provider. To transact in the absence of a network, peer users perform a contactless payment as follows. The receiver of funds verifies the availability of funds by examining …
On-Device Query Caching For Enhancing Zero-Prefix Query Suggestions, Keun Soo Yim, Konhee Cha
On-Device Query Caching For Enhancing Zero-Prefix Query Suggestions, Keun Soo Yim, Konhee Cha
Defensive Publications Series
User interfaces (UI) that provide search functionality, e.g., search boxes, virtual assistants, etc. often include mechanisms that provide users with query suggestions within the UI. Query suggestions presented prior to receiving any input from the user are referred to as zero-prefix query suggestions. Zero-prefix query suggestions are typically derived by a ranking algorithm that is based on recently submitted and/or recurrent queries, accessed from a user-permitted server-side query cache. However, resource and operational constraints of a server cache can result in suboptimal zero-prefix query suggestions. This disclosure describes the implementation of a local on-device cache to overcome these limitations and …
Personalized Music Playback Via A Virtual Assistant, Victor Carbune, Matthew Sharifi
Personalized Music Playback Via A Virtual Assistant, Victor Carbune, Matthew Sharifi
Defensive Publications Series
Virtual assistant applications support various commands related to music playback, such as playing specific songs, skipping songs, changing volume, etc. Although the available music-related commands cover operations that provide basic playback control, the commands do not cover personalized music-related operations for individual users, e.g., interpreted based on the user’s current or historical context and relevant data. This disclosure describes techniques that enable users to provide music playback related commands to a virtual assistant that are interpreted in a personalized manner such that the user experience of music playback and of the use of the virtual assistant is enhanced. For example, …
Enabling Repeat Purchases Via A Virtual Assistant, Victor Carbune, Matthew Sharifi
Enabling Repeat Purchases Via A Virtual Assistant, Victor Carbune, Matthew Sharifi
Defensive Publications Series
This disclosure describes a virtual assistant that can help users repeat prior purchases made via a shopping app or website. When making a repeat purchase, users expect the product or service to be identical to the previous purchase. Per techniques described herein, the virtual assistant automatically detects and highlights differences between a current order and past purchases of the same product or service prior to the user finalizing the purchase. The interaction between the user and the virtual assistant can take place via any device such as a smartphone, smart speaker, etc. Further, the actual purchase can be completed via …
Nvme Resource Guarantee In A Network Fabric, Rishi Chhibber, Roshan Roshan Lal, Shyam Kapadia, Kamal Bakshi
Nvme Resource Guarantee In A Network Fabric, Rishi Chhibber, Roshan Roshan Lal, Shyam Kapadia, Kamal Bakshi
Defensive Publications Series
As the storage industry transitions towards the principal use of flash memory, a key element of that transition includes Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) and, in particular, NVMe-TCP – i.e., NVMe over Transport Control Protocol (TCP). Techniques are presented herein that support a comprehensive, centralized scheme for provisioning end-to-end NVMe flows through existing data center switches, without requiring substantive changes to switch code, thus providing a flexible and highly visible resource-aware network provisioning solution for NVMe-TCP deployments.
The Digitisation Of Food Manufacturing To Reduce Waste – Case Study Of A Ready Meal Factory, Sandeep Jagtap
The Digitisation Of Food Manufacturing To Reduce Waste – Case Study Of A Ready Meal Factory, Sandeep Jagtap
Defensive Publications Series
Generation of food waste (FW) continues to be a global challenge and high on the political agenda. One of the main reasons for its generation is the absence of detailed data on the amount, timing and reasons for created waste. This paper discusses the design, the application and investigates the Internet of Things (IoT) based FW monitoring system to capture waste data during manufacturing in real-time and make it available to all the stakeholders in a food supply chain (FSC). A case study of ready-meal factory comprises of design and architecture for tracking FW including both hardware and software, its …
Block Acknowledgement Mechanism For Speeding Up Node-To-Node Traffic In Low-Power And Lossy Networks, Lele Zhang, Chuanwei Li, Ling Wei, Wenjia Wu
Block Acknowledgement Mechanism For Speeding Up Node-To-Node Traffic In Low-Power And Lossy Networks, Lele Zhang, Chuanwei Li, Ling Wei, Wenjia Wu
Defensive Publications Series
The Wireless Smart Utility Network (Wi-SUN) Alliance promotes interoperability for large scale wireless mesh networks (WMNs). Such Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) are widely used in industrial Internet of Things (IoT) settings. In order to improve throughput in node-to-node (N2N) communications for Wi-SUN based wireless nodes, techniques are presented herein that support the addition of a Block Acknowledgement (BA) mechanism to the Wi-SUN protocol. Such a mechanism may, among other things, eliminate a significant acknowledgement (ACK) confirmation overhead when a pair of nodes are using an Extended Directional Frame Exchange (EDFE) mode or an Adaptive Modulation (AM) mode to overcome …
Dynamic Power Index Adjustment Based On Battery Level, Chien-Hsien Lee, Wei-Ning Huang, Po-Han Lin
Dynamic Power Index Adjustment Based On Battery Level, Chien-Hsien Lee, Wei-Ning Huang, Po-Han Lin
Defensive Publications Series
This disclosure describes techniques for dynamic adjustment of output power index of a wireless remote controller device based on a detected battery level of the device. The battery voltage level of the device is periodically measured. When the level falls below a predetermined threshold, the output power index is adjusted to ensure that the total transmit power from the controller device lies within a specified range. Dynamic adjustment of transmit power via the power index adjustment enables the controller device to have a transmit power that lies between the power spectral distribution (PSD) target and the PSD limit (maximum) over …
Utilizing In-Vehicle Computing Devices To Exchange Information During A Traffic Stop, Michael Angermann, Tajinder Gadh
Utilizing In-Vehicle Computing Devices To Exchange Information During A Traffic Stop, Michael Angermann, Tajinder Gadh
Defensive Publications Series
This publication describes techniques directed at utilizing in-vehicle computing devices to facilitate an electronic traffic stop process that enables the electronic exchange of information between a police officer and a vehicle operator. This electronic exchange of information facilitates safer and less-stressful interactions during traffic stops. The information exchanged through this process includes, but is not limited to, copies of the operator’s driver’s license, vehicle registration, and proof of insurance. By exchanging the information electronically, a police officer can perform their initial investigation without approaching the vehicle on foot.
Smart Content Composer, Hsing-Sheng Lin, Iwei Lin
Smart Content Composer, Hsing-Sheng Lin, Iwei Lin
Defensive Publications Series
This paper describes techniques related to a smart content composer that may be implemented on a client media player/platform and/or a content distribution platform. The smart composer creates a superior viewing experience to watch any content on any type of display device, even when the aspect ratios of the generated content and the display device are different, such that the original aspect ratio of the generated content is maintained for display in one or more identified fields of view on any given display device. In addition, the smart composer may be enabled to create a tailored and potentially new content …
Improving Automatic Speech Recognition By Co-Embedding Voice Queries And Voice Query Refinements, Sukhdeep Sodhi, Ankit Kumar, Sarvjeet Singh, Tameen Khan, Ajit Apte, Ayooluwakunmi Jeje
Improving Automatic Speech Recognition By Co-Embedding Voice Queries And Voice Query Refinements, Sukhdeep Sodhi, Ankit Kumar, Sarvjeet Singh, Tameen Khan, Ajit Apte, Ayooluwakunmi Jeje
Defensive Publications Series
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are used to recognize voice commands or queries from users in hardware products such as smartphones, smart speakers/displays, as well as applications that enable speech interaction, e.g., virtual assistant applications. However, the query abandonment rates for voice queries continue to be much higher than text queries which is often due to incorrect interpretation of the spoken query. This disclosure describes techniques to improve the performance of recognition of spoken queries by combining user specific phonetic variations and session specific contextual signals, obtained with specific user permission.
Secure Multiparty Computation For Private Measurement Of Advertising Lift, Anonymous
Secure Multiparty Computation For Private Measurement Of Advertising Lift, Anonymous
Defensive Publications Series
Data sharing between multiple parties, e.g., advertisers and publishers, may be restricted owing to technical limitations as well as compliance with regulation related to data privacy. This can limit computation of certain parameters, e.g., the effectiveness of an online advertisement as published by a publisher. This disclosure describes mechanisms to enable privacy-compliant measurement without data sharing between multiple parties. The described techniques enable a publisher and an advertiser to use secure multi-party Computation (MPC) to compute an aggregate result on two joint datasets without either party revealing their private inputs. The described techniques can be implemented using virtual private cloud …
Untethered Desense Testing Of Radio-Frequency Devices, Ethan Lee, Rex Gu
Untethered Desense Testing Of Radio-Frequency Devices, Ethan Lee, Rex Gu
Defensive Publications Series
An electronic device, e.g., laptop, etc., in radio-frequency communication with another electronic device can lose receiver sensitivity when certain components turn on. This is because electrical switching activity in the components can result in electromagnetic interference. Traditional methods of measuring receiver desensitization tether the device to a computer that carries out test sequences and logs measurements. However, the presence of the tethering cable itself causes additional electromagnetic interference. This disclosure describes techniques that enable untethered measurement of receiver desensitization. Per the techniques, an RF tester measures the packet error rate (PER) based on over-the-air acknowledgements received from the device under …
Contextual Action Recommendations For A Virtual Assistant Based On Gaze Information, Anonymous
Contextual Action Recommendations For A Virtual Assistant Based On Gaze Information, Anonymous
Defensive Publications Series
Wearable devices such as augmented reality/mixed reality glasses can detect a user’s gaze and objects that are within a user’s field of view. The devices also include virtual assistant functionality that enables a user to provide commands to a virtual assistant, e.g., via voice, gestures, or other input. This disclosure leverages both these aspects to provide recommended actions to a user based on objects that the user gazes at. Upon detection that the user is gazing at a particular object, recommended actions for the virtual assistant are identified and ranked based on the object and the user’s context. The ranked …
Automatic Generation Of Training Corpus For Natural Language Processing Tasks, Shruti Gupta, Anmol Gulati, Jayakumar Hoskere
Automatic Generation Of Training Corpus For Natural Language Processing Tasks, Shruti Gupta, Anmol Gulati, Jayakumar Hoskere
Defensive Publications Series
Machine learning models that perform grammar error correction (GEC) suffer from insufficient training data. This disclosure describes techniques that automatically generate a large corpus of training data for GEC and other natural language processing tasks. With specific user permission, the techniques leverage the edit histories of documents by identifying changes to documents attributable to grammatical corrections by users. The training set for the GEC machine learning model is automatically augmented by sentences known to be ungrammatical (e.g., original text, before revision by user) or grammatical (e.g., text after revision by user), and labeled as such. The techniques enable the provision …
Three-Dimensional Integration Of Compute Core And I/O In High-Performance Asic, N/A
Three-Dimensional Integration Of Compute Core And I/O In High-Performance Asic, N/A
Defensive Publications Series
In certain ASICs, the input-output (I/O) interfaces, such as high-bandwidth memory (HBM) physical layer (PHY), serdes, etc., occupy substantial area on the die. Validation of I/O interfaces fabricated in recent process nodes, e.g., 3 nm technology, is generally more involved and has corresponding time to market costs. For high-performance ASICs whose compute function is divided amongst cores, communications between an HBM and the core farthest from it can be complex. This disclosure describes techniques to partition the compute cores and the I/O interface into separate dies and to implement these in suitable process nodes which may be different, e.g., compute …
Converging Sessions Or Data Paths On A User Plane, Sanjeev Panem Jaya, Ameo Ghosh, Suyog Belsare, Shailesh Goel, Aaseem Sufi, Dishant Parikh
Converging Sessions Or Data Paths On A User Plane, Sanjeev Panem Jaya, Ameo Ghosh, Suyog Belsare, Shailesh Goel, Aaseem Sufi, Dishant Parikh
Defensive Publications Series
As mobile operators look to deploy Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Fifth Generation (5G) services (either standalone (SA) or non-standalone (NSA)) to their subscribers, the process of migrating from Fourth Generation (4G) Evolved Packet Core (EPC) deployments to 5G core (5GC) is going to take time. During such a migration process the principal focus will be on providing higher throughputs and lower data path latency. It is likely that operators will have both EPC and 5GC deployments in their network for some time as they deploy a converged core – ‘ AnyG’ – and roll out nation-wide 5G coverage. This …
Selective Forward Error Correction With Full Duplex Feedback Loop, Pascal Thubert, Eric Levy-Abegnoli, Patrick Wetterwald, Jonas Zaddach
Selective Forward Error Correction With Full Duplex Feedback Loop, Pascal Thubert, Eric Levy-Abegnoli, Patrick Wetterwald, Jonas Zaddach
Defensive Publications Series
Numerous techniques exist for detecting and correcting errors that are introduced during the transmission of information (e.g., a data frame) between two pieces of network equipment, including, for example, forward error correction (FEC), cyclic redundancy check (CRC), hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ), etc. Use of such techniques carries a cost, often shared between the transmitter and the receiver, comprising increased latency, consumption of bandwidth, the use of computational resources for verification and correction, etc. Techniques are presented herein that support a new method for detecting and correcting errors that leverages a return channel of a bidirectional radio environment to provide …
Novel Time Synchronization Mechanism For Large-Scale And Ultra-Low Duty Cycle Wireless Sensor Networks, Lele Zhang, Yajun Xia, Chuanwei Li, Ling Wei
Novel Time Synchronization Mechanism For Large-Scale And Ultra-Low Duty Cycle Wireless Sensor Networks, Lele Zhang, Yajun Xia, Chuanwei Li, Ling Wei
Defensive Publications Series
As an important new feature in the wireless smart utility network (Wi-SUN) 2.0 protocol, low-power functionality has a range of implementation problems. One of those problems concerns time synchronization (TS) between an ultra-low duty cycle limited function device (LFD) and a central full function device (FFD) using a channel hopping mechanism. Most of the existing TS proposals focus on reducing the total overhead of all of the nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) by improving or enhancing a Reference-Broadcast Infrastructure Synchronization (RBIS) or Timing-sync Protocol for Sensor Networks (TPSN) algorithm, but such algorithms do not consider the ultra-low duty …
Sharing Machine Learning Models To Provide Personalized Experience Across Apps, Amir Hussain Memon
Sharing Machine Learning Models To Provide Personalized Experience Across Apps, Amir Hussain Memon
Defensive Publications Series
Users utilize multiple software applications on their devices. Currently, with user permission, each app can utilize user activity data to personalize the user’s experience of using the app. This disclosure describes techniques to securely provide a machine learning model (or other types of predictive model) trained on user activity in a particular app to one or more other apps on the same device. The model can then be used on the same device by the other apps to generate personalized rankings or recommendations for the user, without having access to user activity data. Personalization in this manner can improve the …
Contextual Locally Generated Suggestions, Vikram Aggarwal, Hua Cai
Contextual Locally Generated Suggestions, Vikram Aggarwal, Hua Cai
Defensive Publications Series
This disclosure describes techniques for automatic generation and presentation of communication parameters via a virtual assistant dialog to a user that is engaged in another activity, e.g., driving a vehicle. The parameters are generated locally based on user-permitted contextual factors. Users can select from the presented options by using any combination of voice input, touch/gesture input, etc. The generated parameters can include, e.g., call/message recipients, message content, etc. The recipients are suggested based on prior on-device activity. Upon user selection of a message recipient, message content options are provided based on ranking candidate messages based on the context. With user …
Dynamic Generation Of Contextual Quizzes Based On Attentiveness To Online Learning, Dheeraj Agrawal
Dynamic Generation Of Contextual Quizzes Based On Attentiveness To Online Learning, Dheeraj Agrawal
Defensive Publications Series
Online learning often involves learners watching instructional content while sitting passively in front of their computers or mobile devices for long periods of time. Loss of focus during an online learning session can reduce the amount of material learned and/or require learners to rewind and re-watch the content during which they lost focus, thus having a negative impact on the user experience of online learning. This disclosure techniques to present dynamically generated quizzes whenever a learner’s attention is deemed to have drifted away from online learning. The level of attention can be determined based on information from the device, obtained …
Scheduling Group Meetings For Simultaneous Viewing Of Online Multimedia Content, Angie O'Neill
Scheduling Group Meetings For Simultaneous Viewing Of Online Multimedia Content, Angie O'Neill
Defensive Publications Series
Viewing webcasts as part of a group, such as a work team, can often enhance the experience by fostering local discussions pertaining to the content. Such discussions can generate questions, foster collaboration, improve social bonds among the group members, and raise matters pertaining to applying the content for the specific goals and purposes of the group. However, the scheduling and interactive mechanisms related to webcasts are designed for a user viewing the webcast alone, without the presence of others. This disclosure describes techniques to support synchronous webcast viewing by a group of people and corresponding calendaring mechanisms to support organizing …
Tool For Managing File Ownership And Permissions For Online Storage Services, Samuel Markowitz, Ryo Akasaka, Josh Greco
Tool For Managing File Ownership And Permissions For Online Storage Services, Samuel Markowitz, Ryo Akasaka, Josh Greco
Defensive Publications Series
It is difficult and time-consuming for users of online file storage and sharing services to view and manage file permissions for the files that are stored and/or shared via such platforms. No easy mechanisms are available to see how a file is being shared without diving into each file individually. This disclosure describes a sharing visibility tool that enables users to see how their files are being shared via an online file sharing service and to manage file permissions individually or in bulk. With user permission, the tool utilizes application programming interfaces (APIs) provided by online file sharing services to …
Access And Mobility Management Function (Amf) Slice Remapping In 5g Roaming Local Break Out (Lbo) Scenarios, Dennis Lanov, Solomon Ayyankulankara Kunjan, Guilherme R. Correia, Tariq Habibullah
Access And Mobility Management Function (Amf) Slice Remapping In 5g Roaming Local Break Out (Lbo) Scenarios, Dennis Lanov, Solomon Ayyankulankara Kunjan, Guilherme R. Correia, Tariq Habibullah
Defensive Publications Series
Current Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and Global System for Mobile Communications Association (GSMA) standards require establishing generic slice templates for each Service Provider (SP) worldwide in order to enable Fifth Generation (5G) slicing in Local Break Out (LBO) (roaming) scenarios. In current standards-based deployments, templates have to be shared among all 5G SPs in order to enable 5G roaming. As a result, it can be difficult to create, separate, and maintain various slice templates inside an SP network. Provided herein is a technique to enable 5G slicing for roaming subscribers using predefined slices that can be mapped by an …
Fulfilling Multiple Intent Queries Using Compound Responses, Balpreet Singh Pankaj, T.V Raman, Gozde Oznur, Kyunghoon Lee
Fulfilling Multiple Intent Queries Using Compound Responses, Balpreet Singh Pankaj, T.V Raman, Gozde Oznur, Kyunghoon Lee
Defensive Publications Series
Information-seeking queries to a virtual assistant can often cover multiple facets of a given topic. For example, a query of the form “what is the latest on covid-19” can reasonably be answered with the latest epidemiological statistics, medical information of disease symptoms, news relating to disease spread, etc. No single interpretation of such a query is likely to meet all of the user's original information-seeking intent. This disclosure describes techniques for answering queries that can include multiple reasonable answers derived from different corpora. The techniques incorporate information from the different corpora and presents it in a manner that obviates the …
Optimization Of User Plane Connection Restoration, Sateesh Reddy Mommidi, Ravi Shankar Mantha, Sandeep Dasgupta
Optimization Of User Plane Connection Restoration, Sateesh Reddy Mommidi, Ravi Shankar Mantha, Sandeep Dasgupta
Defensive Publications Series
During user plane General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol (GTP) GTP-U connection failures in a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Fifth Generation (5G) network environment that arise from an error indication, it is desirable to restore a connection in as short a period of time as possible (i.e., with minimal latency so that services can be restored to a user as early as possible) with as efficient use of signaling as possible. Techniques are presented that achieve those objectives.