Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Law (11521)
- Engineering (1409)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (1349)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (1028)
- Life Sciences (812)
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (783)
- Constitutional Law (638)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (564)
- Courts (524)
- Arts and Humanities (507)
- Supreme Court of the United States (487)
- Business (486)
- Law and Society (476)
- Legislation (441)
- Tax Law (415)
- Legal Education (403)
- Criminal Procedure (383)
- Physics (367)
- Comparative and Foreign Law (359)
- Criminal Law (346)
- International Law (346)
- Education (344)
- State and Local Government Law (344)
- Food Science (332)
- Mathematics (320)
- Legal Profession (317)
- Intellectual Property Law (312)
- Civil Rights and Discrimination (300)
- Legal History (300)
- Jurisprudence (296)
- Institution
-
- Technological University Dublin (5596)
- University of Chicago Law School (3573)
- University of Michigan Law School (2934)
- Rochester Institute of Technology (1321)
- University of Miami Law School (1302)
-
- Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of Law (1099)
- University of Minnesota Law School (1048)
- University of Washington School of Law (966)
- University of Alabama School of Law (809)
- UIdaho Law (468)
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale (394)
- Mercer University School of Law (147)
- Liberty University (74)
- National Law School of India University (57)
- Utah State University (57)
- Corewell Health (47)
- CentraCare Health (46)
- University of Baltimore Law (36)
- World Maritime University (29)
- Butler University (19)
- Rhode Island School of Design (17)
- UAlaska System (14)
- Southwestern Oklahoma State University (13)
- Munster Technological University (10)
- WellBeing International (7)
- Chicago-Kent College of Law (4)
- Fordham Law School (4)
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (4)
- Stephen F. Austin State University (3)
- Lehigh Valley Health Network (2)
- Keyword
-
- United States Supreme Court (403)
- Ireland (289)
- Law reform (246)
- Corporations (173)
- Congress (170)
-
- History (163)
- Lawyers (152)
- Children (150)
- Regulation (146)
- Income tax (133)
- University of Michigan Law School (119)
- State courts (116)
- Property (115)
- Empirical studies (110)
- Law professors (109)
- Discrimination (101)
- Law schools (101)
- Law students (97)
- Constitution (96)
- Technology (94)
- Corporate tax (92)
- Ethics (87)
- Language (86)
- Race and law (85)
- Trials (84)
- Religion (83)
- Michigan (82)
- Bankruptcy (79)
- Constitutional Law (75)
- Liability (74)
- Publication Year
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 13201 - 13230 of 20102
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Disparity: The Normative And Empirical Failure Of The Federal Guidelines, Albert Alschuler
Disparity: The Normative And Empirical Failure Of The Federal Guidelines, Albert Alschuler
Articles
No abstract provided.
A Quantitative Assessment Of The Benefit Of A Learning Community Environment, Mario H. Castro-Cedeno
A Quantitative Assessment Of The Benefit Of A Learning Community Environment, Mario H. Castro-Cedeno
Articles
An introductory course in manufacturing processes was taught to a cohort of engineering technology students participating in a learning community (LC) experiment and to a group of non-participating students. The LC students were all freshmen and took all the courses as a group. They were encouraged to work in teams. Non-LC students were also encouraged to work in teams but their class schedules were not coordinated. Data were collected on test scores, homework scores, and homework completion rates. The data show that the standard deviation of the grades distribution is significantly smaller for the LC group and that outliers with …
Xbrl Usage: A Socio-Economic Perspective, Robert E. Pinsker, Stephen C. Gara, Khondkar Karim
Xbrl Usage: A Socio-Economic Perspective, Robert E. Pinsker, Stephen C. Gara, Khondkar Karim
Articles
eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) represents a standard format for exchanging business information which is capable of narrowing the reporting gap between public companies, regulators, and interested members of society (i.e., banks, investors, etc.). Through the use of tags, XBRL provides a standard language for reporting both financial and nonfinancial information not previously seen in the reporting environment, across different software applications. As a result, interested stakeholders can gain access to public information much more quickly and transparently than ever before. The current paper reports the corporate and regulatory usage of XBRL, as well as its potential impacts on various …
Reforming The Federal Sentencing Guidelines Misguided Approach To Real-Offense Sentencing, David Yellen
Reforming The Federal Sentencing Guidelines Misguided Approach To Real-Offense Sentencing, David Yellen
Articles
No abstract provided.
Correspondence: Testing Minimalism: A Reply, Cass R. Sunstein
Correspondence: Testing Minimalism: A Reply, Cass R. Sunstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Comparing The Gut Flora Of Irish Breastfed And Formula-Fed Neonates Aged Between Birth And 6 Weeks Old, Gordon Cooke, John Behan, Nicola Clarke, Winifred Gorman, Mary Costello
Comparing The Gut Flora Of Irish Breastfed And Formula-Fed Neonates Aged Between Birth And 6 Weeks Old, Gordon Cooke, John Behan, Nicola Clarke, Winifred Gorman, Mary Costello
Articles
The exact composition of the complex microsystem that constitutes the gut flora continues to be explored as molecular methodology supplements traditional microbiological studies. The current study reports a random analysis of the faecal flora composition for 31 neonates in the 0–1 day age group, 41 neonates aged 2–5 days and 33 6-week-old neonates. All infants, born at the National Maternity Hospital, Ireland, were considered healthy, full-term normal deliveries and were either exclusively breastfed or formula-fed from birth. Microbiological and biochemical analyses of the faecal samples were used to specifically enumerate Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Bacteroides spp., …
A Methodology To Perform Online Self-Testing For Field-Programmable Analog Array Circuits, Amit Laknaur, Haibo Wang
A Methodology To Perform Online Self-Testing For Field-Programmable Analog Array Circuits, Amit Laknaur, Haibo Wang
Articles
This paper presents a methodology to perform online self-testing for analog circuits implemented on field-programmable analog arrays (FPAAs). It proposes to partition the FPAA circuit under test into subcircuits. Each subcircuit is tested by replicating the subcircuit with programmable resources on the FPAA chip, and comparing the outputs of the subcircuit and its replication. To effectively implement the proposed methodology, this paper proposes a simple circuit partition method and develops techniques to address circuit stability problems that are often encountered in the proposed testing method. Furthermore, error sources in the proposed testing circuit are studied and methods to improve the …
Privatizing Due Process, Paul R. Verkuil
Privatizing Due Process, Paul R. Verkuil
Articles
The article explores the concept of "private due process," arguing that while traditional due process protections under the Constitution require state action, privatization of government functions creates gaps in procedural safeguards. It examines how state laws, federal regulations, and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms can fill these gaps and proposes a "Private Administrative Procedure Act" (PAPA) to ensure procedural fairness when government functions are delegated to private entities.
Common Ground: Law Schools In American Life During The New Age Of Faith, David Rudenstine
Common Ground: Law Schools In American Life During The New Age Of Faith, David Rudenstine
Articles
The article argues that law schools and the legal profession play a crucial, though underappreciated, role in maintaining the rule of law, democratic processes, and individual freedoms in American society. It explores the intersection of religion and legal education, particularly how religious faith that mandates specific public laws may conflict with the evidentiary and deliberative underpinnings of legal education. The article concludes that legal education fosters a common ground for deliberation, aligning with the principles of the First Amendment, and highlights the importance of this role in a pluralistic society.
The Human Eye Position Control System In A Rehabilitation Setting, Yvonne Nolan, Ted Burke, C. Boylan, Annraoi De Paor
The Human Eye Position Control System In A Rehabilitation Setting, Yvonne Nolan, Ted Burke, C. Boylan, Annraoi De Paor
Articles
Our work at Ireland’s National Rehabilitation Hospital involves designing communication systems for people suffering from profound physical disabilities. One such system uses the electro-oculogram, which is an (x,y) system of voltages picked up by pairs of electrodes placed, respectively, above and below and on either side of the eyes. The eyeball has a dc polarisation between cornea and back, arising from the photoreceptor rods and cones in the retina. As the eye rotates, the varying voltages projected onto the electrodes drive a cursor over a mimic keyboard on a computer screen. Symbols are selected with a switching action derived, for …
Construct Ireland - Lime-Hemp - A Potential Solution To A Concrete Problem, Joseph Little
Construct Ireland - Lime-Hemp - A Potential Solution To A Concrete Problem, Joseph Little
Articles
This article is intended to act as an exploration and provocation. Why do we build the way we do, what effect does that have? Could we for instance, design and specify buildings that actually benefit the Environment rather than burden and pollute it as currently. Is it possible that the construction of a house could absorb CO2 thereby transforming new housing estates or apartment buildings into giant absorbers of carbon dioxide? Imagine Ireland being able to count commercial constructions or new housing among its ‘carbon sinks’, in place of Siberian forests or the carbon credits that the Government will …
Offshore Outsourcing And Workers Rights, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Offshore Outsourcing And Workers Rights, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Articles
No abstract provided.
Testing For A Critical Juncture: Change In The Ictu’S Influence Over Public Policy In 1959, John Hogan
Testing For A Critical Juncture: Change In The Ictu’S Influence Over Public Policy In 1959, John Hogan
Articles
The paper seeks to improve our understanding of the concept of critical junctures. Critical junctures have been used to provide avenues for exploring change in historical institutionalism. However, the critical junctures concept, as it has developed, lacks rigour. We have no means of saying, with certainty, what is a critical juncture. If we cannot define a critical juncture the issue of path dependency becomes nebulous, as we cannot be certain as to path origins. Over the years the critical junctures concept has been used in conjunction with “watersheds” in politics, but without any quantifications. This has left the approach in …
Interaction Of Carbon Nanotubes With Sugar Complexes, Alan Casey, Gordon Farrell, Mary Mcnamara, Hugh Byrne, Gordon Chambers
Interaction Of Carbon Nanotubes With Sugar Complexes, Alan Casey, Gordon Farrell, Mary Mcnamara, Hugh Byrne, Gordon Chambers
Articles
The interaction of carbon nanotubes with soft organic molecules such as cyclodextrins and other saccarides has recently been shown to produce water soluble composites. Such systems offer considerable advantages over polymer based composites due to their biocompatibility and noncovalent coupling which can potentially preserve the unique properties of the tubes. The mechanism of interaction for such systems has been proposed to be dominated by hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions along the surface of the tube. However efforts to characterise and rationalise such noncovalent interactions between the sugar-based materials and the carbon nanotubes have been slow to emerge. In this study a …
Bima Millimeter-Wave Observations Of The Core-Jet And Molecular Gas In The Fr I Radio Galaxy Ngc 3801, Mousumi Das, Stuart N. Vogel, Gijs A. Verdoes Kleijn, Christopher P. O'Dea, Stefi A. Baum
Bima Millimeter-Wave Observations Of The Core-Jet And Molecular Gas In The Fr I Radio Galaxy Ngc 3801, Mousumi Das, Stuart N. Vogel, Gijs A. Verdoes Kleijn, Christopher P. O'Dea, Stefi A. Baum
Articles
We present BIMA 3 mm observations of the radio continuum source and the molecular gas disk in the radio loud Fanaroff & Riley Type I (FR I) galaxy NGC 3801. We have detected a continuum source in the nucleus and determined that it has a flat millimeter-wave spectrum, suggesting that the emission is non-thermal and due to an AGN; the radio core is not evident in existing VLA observations. We also map the extended 3 mm emission from the previously known radio jets. In addition, we detect CO (1–0) emission associated with the dust disk observed in previous HST images. …
Go Mobile » Access By Rochester Institute Of Technology Core Collapse Via Coarse Dynamic Renormalization, Andras Szell, David Merritt, Ioannis Kevrekidis
Go Mobile » Access By Rochester Institute Of Technology Core Collapse Via Coarse Dynamic Renormalization, Andras Szell, David Merritt, Ioannis Kevrekidis
Articles
In the context of the recently developed “equation-free” approach to computer-assisted analysis of complex systems, we extract the self-similar solution describing core collapse of a stellar system from numerical experiments. The technique allows us to side-step the core “bounce” that occurs in direct N-body simulations due to the small-N correlations that develop in the late stages of collapse, and hence to follow the evolution well into the self-similar regime.
Two Clusters Of Galaxies With Radio-Quiet Cooling Cores, Megan Donahue, G. Mark Voit, Christopher P. O'Dea, Stefi A. Baum, William B. Sparks
Two Clusters Of Galaxies With Radio-Quiet Cooling Cores, Megan Donahue, G. Mark Voit, Christopher P. O'Dea, Stefi A. Baum, William B. Sparks
Articles
Radio lobes inflated by active galactic nuclei at the centers of clusters are a promising candidate for halting condensation in clusters with short central cooling times because they are common in such clusters. In order to test the AGNheating hypothesis, we obtained Chandra observations of two clusters with short central cooling times yet no evidence for AGN activity: Abell 1650 and Abell 2244. The cores of these clusters indeed appear systematically different from cores with more prominent radio emission. They do not have significant central temperature gradients, and their central entropy levels are markedly higher than in clusters with stronger …
The Infrared-Dominated Jet Of 3c 401, Marco Chiaberge, William Sparks, F. Duccio Macchetto, Eric Perlman, Alessandro Capetti, Barbara Balmaverde, David Floyd, Christopher P. O'Dea, David J. Axon
The Infrared-Dominated Jet Of 3c 401, Marco Chiaberge, William Sparks, F. Duccio Macchetto, Eric Perlman, Alessandro Capetti, Barbara Balmaverde, David Floyd, Christopher P. O'Dea, David J. Axon
Articles
We present a Hubble Space Telescope image of the FR II radio galaxy 3C 401, obtained at 1.6µm with the NICMOS camera in which we identify the infrared counterpart of the brightest region of the radio jet. The jet has a complex radio structure and brightens where bending occurs, most likely as a result of relativistic beaming. We analyze archival data in the radio, optical and X-ray bands and we derive its spectral energy distribution. Differently from all of the previously known optical extragalactic jets, the jet in 3C 401 is not detected in the X-rays even in a long …
Perceived Health Benefit And Soy Consumption Behavior: Two Stage Decision Model Approach, Wanki Moon, Siva K. Balasubramanian, Arbindra Rimal
Perceived Health Benefit And Soy Consumption Behavior: Two Stage Decision Model Approach, Wanki Moon, Siva K. Balasubramanian, Arbindra Rimal
Articles
A two-stage decision model is developed to assess the effect of perceived soy health benefits on consumers' decisions with respect to soy food. The first stage captures whether or not to consume soy food, while the second stage reflects how often to consume. A conceptual/analytical framework is also employed, combining Lancaster's characteristics model and Fishbein's multi-attribute model. Results show that perceived soy health benefits significantly influence both decision stages. Further, consumers' negative perceptions regarding soy (unappetizing taste and inconvenience) have a substantially greater impact on soy consumption behavior than their perceptions about soy health benefits. This finding carries significant implications …
A Note On Gravitational Brownian Motion, David Merritt
A Note On Gravitational Brownian Motion, David Merritt
Articles
Also archived in: arXiv:astro-ph/0405351 v2 19 May 2004 Chandrasekhar's theory of stellar encounters predicts a dependence of the Brownian motion of a massive particle on the velocity distribution of the perturbing stars. One consequence is that the expectation value of the massive object's kinetic energy can be different from that of the perturbers. This effect is shown to be modest however, and substantially smaller than claimed in a recent study based on a more approximate treatment of the encounter equations.
Overenforcement, Richard A. Bierschbach, Alex Stein
Overenforcement, Richard A. Bierschbach, Alex Stein
Articles
Overenforcement of the law is widespread but underinvestigated. Overenforcement occurs when the total sanction, both legal and extralegal, suffered by the violator of a legal rule exceeds the amount optimal for deterrence. Overenforcement sometimes generates overdeterrence that cannot be remedied through the adjustment of substantive liability standards or penalties in light of operational and expressive constraints. When that happens, the legal system can counteract the effects of overenforcement by adjusting evidentiary or procedural rules to make liability less likely. This framework, which we call the overenforcement paradigm, illuminates previously unnoticed features of various evidentiary and procedural arrangements. It also provides …
A Case-Based Technique For Tracking Concept Drift In Spam Filtering, Sarah Jane Delany, Padraig Cunningham, Alexey Tsymbal, Lorcan Coyle
A Case-Based Technique For Tracking Concept Drift In Spam Filtering, Sarah Jane Delany, Padraig Cunningham, Alexey Tsymbal, Lorcan Coyle
Articles
Spam filtering is a particularly challenging machine learning task as the data distribution and concept being learned changes over time. It exhibits a particularly awkward form of concept drift as the change is driven by spammers wishing to circumvent spam filters. In this paper we show that lazy learning techniques are appropriate for such dynamically changing contexts. We present a case-based system for spam filtering that can learn dynamically. We evaluate its performance as the case-base is updated with new cases. We also explore the benefit of periodically redoing the feature selection process to bring new features into play. Our …
Regulatable Gene Expression Systems For Gene Therapy Applications: Progress And Future Challenges, Shyam Goverdhana, Mariana Puntel, Weidong Xiong, Jeffrey Zirger, Carlos Barcia, James Curtin, Eric Soffer, Sonali Mondkar, Gwendalyn King, Jinwei Hu, Marianela Candolfi, Diane Greengold, Pedro Lowenstein, Maria Castro
Regulatable Gene Expression Systems For Gene Therapy Applications: Progress And Future Challenges, Shyam Goverdhana, Mariana Puntel, Weidong Xiong, Jeffrey Zirger, Carlos Barcia, James Curtin, Eric Soffer, Sonali Mondkar, Gwendalyn King, Jinwei Hu, Marianela Candolfi, Diane Greengold, Pedro Lowenstein, Maria Castro
Articles
Gene therapy aims to revert diseased phenotypes by the use of both viral and nonviral gene delivery systems. Substantial progress has been made in making gene transfer vehicles more efficient, less toxic, and nonimmunogenic and in allowing long-term transgene expression. One of the key issues in successfully implementing gene therapies in the clinical setting is to be able to regulate gene expression very tightly and consistently as and when it is needed. The regulation ought to be achievable using a compound that should be nontoxic, be able to penetrate into the desired target tissue or organ, and have a half-life …
A Non-Singular Black Hole Model As A Possible End-Product Of Gravitational Collapse, Manasse R. Mbonye, Demosthenes Kazanas
A Non-Singular Black Hole Model As A Possible End-Product Of Gravitational Collapse, Manasse R. Mbonye, Demosthenes Kazanas
Articles
In this paper we present a non-singular black hole model as a possible end-product of gravitational collapse. The depicted spacetime which is type [II,(II)], by Petrov classification, is an exact solution of the Einstein equations and contains two horizons. The equation of state in the radial direction, is a well-behaved function of the density and smoothly reproduces vacuum-like behavior near r=0 while tending to a polytrope at larger r, low density, values. The final equilibrium configuration comprises of a de Sitter-like inner core surrounded by a family of 2-surfaces of matter fields with variable equation of state. The fields are …
The Low End Of The Supermassive Black Hole Mass Function: Constraining The Mass Of A Nuclear Black Hole In Ngc 205 Via Stellar Kinematics, Monica Valluri, Laura Ferrarese, David Merritt, Charles L. Joseph
The Low End Of The Supermassive Black Hole Mass Function: Constraining The Mass Of A Nuclear Black Hole In Ngc 205 Via Stellar Kinematics, Monica Valluri, Laura Ferrarese, David Merritt, Charles L. Joseph
Articles
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images and spectra of the nucleated dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 205 are combined with 3-integral axisymmetric dynamical models to constrain the mass MBH of a putative nuclear black hole. This is only the second attempt, after M33, to use resolved stellar kinematics to search for a nuclear black hole with mass below 106 solar masses. We are unable to identify a best-fit value of MBH in NGC 205; however, the data impose a upper limit of 2.2×104M⊙ (1σ confidence) and and upper limit of 3.8×104M⊙ (3σ confidence). This upper limit is consistent with the extrapolation of …
Air Bubble-Induced Light-Scattering Effect On Image Quality In 193 Nm Immersion Lithography, Yongfa Fan, Neal Lafferty, Anatoly Bourov
Air Bubble-Induced Light-Scattering Effect On Image Quality In 193 Nm Immersion Lithography, Yongfa Fan, Neal Lafferty, Anatoly Bourov
Articles
As an emerging technique, water immersion lithography, offers the capability of reducing critical dimensions by increasing the numerical aperture that is due to the higher refractive indices of immersion liquids than that of air. However, in the process of forming a water fluid layer between the resist and the lens surfaces, air bubbles are often created because of the high surface tension of water. The presence of air bubbles in the immersion layer will degrade the image quality because of the inhomogeneity-induced light scattering in the optical path. Analysis by geometrical optics indicates that the total reflection of light causes …
Cts Dubrovnik 2005 Touristic Transcendence, Deirdre Quinn, Darach Turley
Cts Dubrovnik 2005 Touristic Transcendence, Deirdre Quinn, Darach Turley
Articles
Research aims: This study aims to explore the experience of transition of the tourist as s/he transits between ordinary non-tourist life and tourist life, in the case of the second homeowner. Research approach: An emic approach employing an interpretive, ethnographic methodology was deemed to be particularly appropriate to these aims.
A Government Of Limited Powers, Carl E. Schneider
A Government Of Limited Powers, Carl E. Schneider
Articles
Roscoe C. Filburn owned a small farm in Ohio where he raised poultry, dairy cows, and a modest acreage of winter wheat. Some wheat he fed his animals, some he sold, and some he kept for his family's daily bread. The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 limited the wheat Mr. Filburn could grow without incurring penalties, but his 1941 crop exceeded those limits. Mr. Filburn sued. He said Claude Wickard, the Secretary of Agriculture, could not enforce the AAI's limits because Congress lacked authority to regulate wheat grown for one's own use. He reasoned: In our federal system, the states …
Municipal Wireless: A Primer For Public Discussion, David M. Shein
Municipal Wireless: A Primer For Public Discussion, David M. Shein
Articles
Though there is great diversity and continuing innovation in municipal networks, a number of distinct technological and economic approaches have emerged that are common to virtually all municipal and community deployments. This paper considers each major aspect of municipal wireless deployment in terms of how communities make decisions about each of these elements. We look first at some of the critical terms and technologies involved in this discussion, as well as the various concrete applications and benefits that wireless networks have to offer. We then consider the various organizational and managerial approaches that have been implemented. Finally we talk about …
The Acs Virgo Cluster Survey. Vii. Resolving The Connection Between Globular Clusters And Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxies, Monica Haşegan, Andrés Jordán, Patrick Côté, David Merritt, Et Al.
The Acs Virgo Cluster Survey. Vii. Resolving The Connection Between Globular Clusters And Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxies, Monica Haşegan, Andrés Jordán, Patrick Côté, David Merritt, Et Al.
Articles
We investigate the connection between globular clusters and ultracompact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) by examining the properties of 10 compact, high-luminosity (-11.8 MV -10.8) objects associated with M87 (NGC 4486, VCC 1316), the cD galaxy in the Virgo Cluster. These objects, most of which were previously classified as M87 globular clusters, were selected from a combination of ground- and space-based imaging surveys. Our observational database for these objects—which we term DGTOs, or "dwarf-globular transition objects"—includes Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) F475W and F850LP imaging from the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey, integrated-light spectroscopy from Keck/ESI, and archival F606W WFPC2 imaging. We …