Digital Commons Network^™

Inoculating The Next Generation Of Lawyers: Mandating Substances Use And Mental Health Education For Law Students, Janet Stearns

Articles

No abstract provided.

Vacuum Uv (Vuv) Photo-Oxidation Of Polyethersulfone (Pes), Sarah Oakes, Ryan Keeley, Hunter Heineman, Tom Allston, Joel Shertok, Michael Mehan, Gregory K. Thompson, Gerald A. Takacs

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International need for water quality is placing a high demand on separation technology to develop advanced oxidative processes for polyethersulfone (PES) membranes to help improve water purification. Therefore, VUV photo-oxidation with a low pressure Ar plasma was studied to improve the hydrophilicity of PES by flowing oxygen over the surface during treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detected a decrease in the C at% (4.4 ± 1.7 at%), increase in O at% (3.7 ± 1.0 at%), and a constant S at% (5.4 ± 0.2 at%). Curve fitting of the XPS spectra showed a decrease in sp2 C-C aromatic group bonding, and …

Big Data Analysis Of Vision Screening Standards Used To Evaluate Fitness To Drive, Michael Moore, John Butler, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, James Loughman

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Purpose: Visual acuity (VA) assessment is the most commonly performed vision screening method for drivers. The standards and repeat assessment intervals used, however, are arbitrary, lack an evidence base and are highly variable across different countries. This study utilizes the power of Big Data to provide evidence-based recommendations for standardized driver vision screening.

Methods: Anonymized electronic medical record data were gathered from 40 Irish optometry practices comprising 81,184 unique patients. A Kaplan-Meier Survival (KMS) analysis was used to determine the effect of increasing age and time since screening on the likelihood of passing the VA standard for driving. A logistic …

Detecting Iot Attacks Using An Ensemble Machine Learning Model, Vikas Tomar, Sachin Sharma

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Malicious attacks are becoming more prevalent due to the growing use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in homes, offices, transportation, healthcare, and other locations. By incorporating fog computing into IoT, attacks can be detected in a short amount of time, as the distance between IoT devices and fog devices is smaller than the distance between IoT devices and the cloud. Machine learning is frequently used for the detection of attacks due to the huge amount of data available from IoT devices. However, the problem is that fog devices may not have enough resources, such as processing power and memory, …

Essays On Good Practice In Academic Writing: A Comparison Across Business Disciplines, Rawayda Abdou, Kevin Paul Corbett, Elun Hack, Deirdre Mcquillan

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This is a series of essays to support PhD students and early career researchers within the field of business. By delving into a cross disciplinary perspective on academic writing in the business domain, researchers will better understand differences for writing. Essay 1 highlights what is important for writing in economics. Essay 2 adopts a different approach by arguing for more pluralism and applied approaches when writing in Human Resource Management. The essay opens up new possibilities and opportunities for PhD students and early career researchers interested in more applied approaches. Essay 3 guides qualitative researchers writing in sports management where …

Acceptability-Based Brand Color Tolerance, A Case Study, Robert Chung, Yan Liu

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The Pantone R Formula Guide (or Guide), printed using specially-formulated inks on specified substrates, has been used widely by brands to specify brand color aims. While the Guide is silent on brand color tolerance, there are two competing criteria that influence the brand color tolerance, i.e., perceptibility and acceptability. Perceptibility-based color tolerance focuses on “Can I see the difference?” and the permissive difference is in the just-noticeable difference (JND) region. Acceptability-based color tolerance, focusing on “Can I accept the outcome?”, requires fit-for-use cases to identify what the just-acceptable difference (JAD) is. Instead of conducting psychometric tests, this research uses the …

A Continuing Constitutional Conversation: Locating Nitisha, Gauri Pillai

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In April 2021, the Supreme Court of India decided Nitisha v Union of India, holding that the gender neutral hiring procedure adopted by the Indian Army indirectly discriminated against women officers by disproportionately excluding them from promotion. This effect was experienced due to systemic discrimination against women built into the appointment criteria. To redress systemic discrimination, the State was required not only to abstain from direct or indirect discrimination but also to positively act to bring in structural change. Nitisha makes significant contributions to developing the constitutional understanding of non-discrimination. It identifies the essential nature of discrimination as systemic rather …

New Innovation Models In Medical Ai, W Nicholson Price Ii, Rachel E. Sachs, Rebecca S. Eisenberg

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In recent years, scientists and researchers have devoted considerable resources to developing medical artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Many of these technologies—particularly those that resemble traditional medical devices in their functions—have received substantial attention in the legal and policy literature. But other types of novel AI technologies, such as those related to quality improvement and optimizing use of scarce facilities, have been largely absent from the discussion thus far. These AI innovations have the potential to shed light on important aspects of health innovation policy. First, these AI innovations interact less with the legal regimes that scholars traditionally conceive of as …

Including Autistic Teens In Libraries, Aisling Smith

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This article discusses the needs of autistic teenagers with low support needs and how best to cultivate and promote inclusivity in libraries to better serve this vulnerable sector of the community. Librarians should endeavour to understand the difficulties they encounter and how to minimize factors that might exacerbate these issues if autistic adolescents are to feel welcome and accepted.

Adapting To 4 Degrees C World, Karrigan Bork, Karen Bradshaw, Cinnamon P. Carlarne, Robin Kundis Craig, Sarah Fox, Josh Galperin, Keith Hirokawa, Shi-Ling Hsu, Katrina Kuh, Kevin Lynch, Michele Okoh, Jessica Owley, Melissa Powers, Shannon Roesler, J.B. Ruhl, James Salzman, David Takacs, Clifford J. Villa

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The Paris Agreement's goal to hold warming to 1.50-2 0 C above pre-industrial levels now appears unrealistic. Profs. Robin Kundis Craig and J.B. Ruhl have recently argued that because a 40 C world may be likely, we must recognize the disruptive consequences of such a world and respond by reimagining governance structures to meet the challenges of adapting to it. In this latest in a biannual series of essays, they and other members of the Environmental Law Collaborative explore what 40 C might mean for a variety of current legal doctrines, planning policies, governance structures, and institutions.

Advancing Ubiquitous Collaboration For Telehealth - A Framework To Evaluate Technology-Mediated Collaborative Workflow For Telehealth, Hypertension Exam Workflow Study, Christopher Bondy Ph.D., Linlin Chen Ph.D, Pamela Grover Md, Pengcheng Shi Ph.D

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Healthcare systems are under siege globally regarding technology adoption; the recent pandemic has only magnified the issues. Providers and patients alike look to new enabling technologies to establish real-time connectivity and capability for a growing range of remote telehealth solutions. The migration to new technology is not as seamless as clinicians and patients would like since the new workflows pose new responsibilities and barriers to adoption across the telehealth ecosystem. Technology-mediated workflows (integrated software and personal medical devices) are increasingly important in patient-centered healthcare; software-intense systems will become integral in prescribed treatment plans [1]. My research explored the path to …

Towards An Ethical Framework For The Design And Development Of Inclusive Home-Based Smart Technology For Smart Spaces For Older Adults And People With Disabilities, Emma Murphy, Julie Doyle, Ioannis Stavrakakis, Damian Gordon, Brian Keegan, Dympna O'Sullivan

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Unique ethical, privacy and safety implications arise for people who are reliant on home-based smart technology due to health conditions or disabilities. As a result we need to carefully reflect on our approaches to ethical issues over the life cycle of smart home technology design and the wider living context for end users and relevant stakeholders. In this position paper we highlight a need for a reflective, inclusive ethical framework for the design of inclusive smart spaces. We present key ethical considerations in the design, development and deployment of smart home-based technology for older adults and people with disabilities. We …

Understanding The Influence Of Place On Festival Making And Artistic Production In The Local Urban Festival Context, Danielle Lynch, Bernadette Quinn Dr

Articles

Recent decades have seen a dramatic increase in research output on arts festivals and cultural events, and a growing focus on the role festivals play in negotiating and constructing meanings of place. However, little attention has been paid to how place shapes the process of festival making and artistic production. This paper attempts to address this shortcoming by examining the extent to which place matters to the production of festival activity and asks: how does place influence festival making and artistic production in a local arts festival context? The study is part of ongoing qualitative research into the Five Lamps …

A Microfluidic Approach For Synthesis And Kinetic Profiling Of Branched Gold Nanostructures, Qi Cai, Valentina Castagnola, Luca Boselli, Alirio Moura, Hender Lopez, Wei Zhang, João M. De Araújo, Kenneth A. Dawson

Articles

Automatized approaches for nanoparticle synthesis and characterization represent a great asset to their applicability in the biomedical field by improving reproducibility and standardization, which help to meet the selection criteria of regulatory authorities. The scaled-up production of nanoparticles with carefully defined characteristics, including intrinsic morphological features, and minimal intra-batch, batch-to-batch, and operator variability, is an urgent requirement to elevate nanotechnology towards more trustable biological and technological applications. In this work, microfluidic approaches were employed to achieve fast mixing and good reproducibility in synthesizing a variety of gold nanostructures. The microfluidic setup allowed exploiting spatial resolution to investigate the growth evolution …

Probability Models With Discrete And Continuous Parts, James E. Marengo, David L. Farnsworth

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In mathematical statistics courses, students learn that the quadratic function E ((X – x )-squared) is minimized when x is the mean of the random variable X, and that the graphs of this function for any two distributions of X are simply translates of each other. We focus on the problem of minimizing the function defined by y ( x) = E ( IX – xI-squared ) in the context of mixtures of probability distributions of the discrete, absolutely continuous, and singular continuous types. This problem is important, for example, in Bayesian statistics, when one attempts to compute the decision …

Institutional Considerations For The Regulation Of Internet Service Providers, Daniel Deacon

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Written to commemorate the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, this Essay looks forward at possible settlements regarding the nagging question of whether and how best to regulate Internet service providers. Rather than start from the standpoint that this or that policy, such as net neutrality, is good or bad, I ask more broadly who should regulate ISPs and under what general framework. I assess and critique various frameworks, including reliance on markets and antitrust; state-level regulation under a federal Title I regime; various frameworks set forward in Republican sponsored bills; and the Save the Internet Act. I …

In Vitro Toxicological Evaluation Of Mesoporous Silica Microparticles Functionalised 1 With Carvacrol And Thymol, Cristina Fuentes, Ana Fuentes, Hugh Byrne, José Barat, María José Ruiz

Articles

The cytotoxicity of carvacrol- and thymol- functionalised mesoporous silica microparticles (MCM-41) was assessed in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2). Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and apoptosis/necrosis analysis were used as endpoints. Results showed that both materials induced cytotoxicity in a time and concentration-dependent manner, being more cytotoxic than free essential oil components and bare MCM-41. This effect was caused by the cell-particle interactions and not from degradation products released to the culture media, as demonstrated in the extract dilution assays. LDH release was seen to be …

Detecting Patches On Road Pavement Images Acquired With 3d Laser Sensors Using Object Detection And Deep Learning, Syed Ibrahim Hassan, Dympna O'Sullivan, Susan Mckeever, Kieran Feighan, David Power, Ray Mcgowan

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Regular pavement inspections are key to good road maintenance and road defect corrections. Advanced pavement inspection systems such as LCMS (Laser Crack Measurement System) can automatically detect the presence of different defects using 3D lasers. However, such systems still require manual involvement to complete the detection of pavement defects. This paper proposes an automatic patch detection system using object detection technique. To our knowledge, this is the first time state-of-the-art object detection models Faster RCNN, and SSD MobileNet-V2 have been used to detect patches inside images acquired by LCMS. Results show that the object detection model can successfully detect patches …

Impact Of Urgent Care Centers And Telehealth In The Ed, Javed Osmani, Michael Muradian, Christina Brown, Nicholas Stark

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No abstract provided.

Assessing Feature Representations For Instance-Based Cross-Domain Anomaly Detection In Cloud Services Univariate Time Series Data, Rahul Agrahari, Matthew Nicholson, Clare Conran, Haytham Assem, John D. Kelleher

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In this paper, we compare and assess the efficacy of a number of time-series instance feature representations for anomaly detection. To assess whether there are statistically significant differences between different feature representations for anomaly detection in a time series, we calculate and compare confidence intervals on the average performance of different feature sets across a number of different model types and cross-domain time-series datasets. Our results indicate that the catch22 time-series feature set augmented with features based on rolling mean and variance performs best on average, and that the difference in performance between this feature set and the next best …

Assessing Feature Representations For Instance-Based Cross-Domain Anomaly Detection In Cloud Services Univariate Time Series Data, Rahul Agrahari, Matthew Nicholson, Clare Conran, Haythem Assem, John D. Kelleher

Articles

In this paper, we compare and assess the efficacy of a number of time-series instance feature representations for anomaly detection. To assess whether there are statistically significant differences between different feature representations for anomaly detection in a time series, we calculate and compare confidence intervals on the average performance of different feature sets across a number of different model types and cross-domain time-series datasets. Our results indicate that the catch22 time-series feature set augmented with features based on rolling mean and variance performs best on average, and that the difference in performance between this feature set and the next best …

Effects Of Religiosity And Travel Desire On Covid-19 Vaccination Intentions, Muhammet Kesgin, Ali Selcuk Can, Dogan Gursoy, Yuksel Ekinci, Khaled Aldawodi

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Despite the deadly consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine hesitation remains a threat to public health and international travel. This study tests the effect of Muslim religiosity on belief-based attitudes (i.e., subjective norms, perceived behavioural control) and travel desire as a proxy for COVID-19 vaccination intentions. The structural model was tested using PLS-SEM with the data collected via a self-administrated survey between April and June 2021 in Saudi Arabia (N=759). Results reveal that travel desire along with belief-based attitudes influence COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Intrinsic religiosity influences individuals’ subjective norms, directly and perceived behavioural control and COVID-19 vaccination intentions indirectly through …

Plasma Induced Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Cytotoxicity In Glioblastoma 3d Tumourspheres, Janith Wanigasekara, Carlos Barcia, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh Tiwari, James F. Curtin

Articles

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a pin‐to‐plate cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on U‐251 MG three‐dimensional (3D) glioblastoma spheroids under different conditions. 3D tumorspheres showed higher resistance to the CAP treatment compared to 2D monolayer cells. A single CAP treatment was able to induce cytotoxicity, while multiple CAP treatments augmented this effect. CAP was also able to induce cytotoxicity throughout the tumoursphere, and we identified that reactive oxygen species(ROS) plays a major role, while H2O2plays a partial role in CAP‐induced cytotoxicity in tumour-spheres. We conclude that ROS‐dependent cytotoxicity is induced uniformly throughout glioblastoma and epidermoid …

Active Packaging Film Based On Poly Lactide-Poly (Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) Blends Incorporated With Tannic Acid And Gallic Acid For The Prolonged Shelf Life Of Cherry Tomato, Shubham Sharma, Kalpani Perera, Dileswar Pradhan, Brendan Duffy, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal

Articles

The antimicrobial property is the key feature of active packaging. Biological macromolecules such as tannic and gallic acids are naturally found in plants such as tea, fruits, berries, and grapes. The incorporation of tannic acid (TA) and gallic acid (GA) in the biodegradable polymer blend Poly Lactide-Poly (Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) (PLA-PBAT) was used in this study to assess the potential of active packaging. TA and GA (10 wt%) composite films showed a 65%–66% increase in the UV barrier property. The tensile strength value increased after the incorporation of TA and GA (10 wt%), respectively. Overall, 1.67 and 2.2 log reductions in …

Analysis Of Human Gait Cycle With Body Equilibrium Based On Leg Orientation, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Abdullah Tayyab, Muhammad Hammad Shahid, Usama Arif, Mohsin Islam Tiwana, Umar Shahbaz Khan, Waqar Shahid Qureshi

Articles

Gait analysis identifies the posture during movement in order to provide the correct actions for a normal gait. A person's gait may differ from others and can be recognized by specific patterns. Healthy individuals exhibit normal gait patterns, while lower limb amputees exhibit abnormal gait patterns. To better understand the pitfalls of gait, it is imperative to develop systems capable of capturing the gait patterns of healthy individuals. The main objective of this research was to introduce a new concept in gait analysis by computing the static and dynamic equilibrium in a real-world environment. A relationship was also presented among …

Gender Equality In Higher Education And Research, Rodrigo Rosa, Sara Clavero

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No abstract provided.

Intergenerational Learning As A Pedagogical Strategy In Early Childhood Education Services: Perspectives From An Irish Study, Anne Fitzpatrick, Ann Marie Halpenny

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This study investigated the concept, role and potential of intergenerational learning (IGL) as a pedagogical strategy in five Irish early childhood education (ECE) services, through exploring the perspectives on IGL of educators (5), children (70) and their parents (43). Informed by socio-cultural theories of learning and aligned to key principles of IGL, a qualitative methodological approach was adopted. Data was gathered using semi-structured interviews with educators, ‘draw and talk’ strategies with children and informal written feedback with parents. Key findings demonstrated that children’s happiness, socio-emotional competences and executive functions, all key elements of successful learning and living, were strongly supported …

At War With A Silent Killer: An Ipa Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Community Pharmacists In Ireland During Covid-19, Regina Brady, Niamh Imbusch

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Objectives: The purpose of this research was to give voice to the unique lived experiences of community pharmacists who continued to work in patient-facing roles throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Research objectives sought to understand how they felt about working during this time including any risks felt, why they choose to continue working, and what the post-COVID future might hold for them and their profession. Method: The study was guided by the principles of traditional interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Primary research was collated using semi-structured interviews of a small, purposively selected homogenous group of pharmacists. The research context was a …

The History And Work Of The Centre For Early Childhood Development And Education (Cecde) (2001-2008), Elizabeth Dunphy Dr, Maire Mhic Mhathuna

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Growing international interest in ECEC policy in the 1990s resulted in increasing awareness of its significance for education policy in Ireland. Arising from this, in 1999, Ready to Learn: A White Paper for Early Childhood Education was published. This led to the establishment of the Centre for Early Childhood Development and Education (CECDE). This chapter charts in chronological order the history and work of the CECDE from its inception in 2001 until its closure in 2008. It documents the governance, structures, strategic direction and management of the Centre. It foregrounds the outputs of the Centre including research reports, international conferences …

Design And Development Of Magnetic Iron Core Gold Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescent Multiplex Assay To Detect Salmonella, Xinyi Zhao

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Salmonella is a bacterial pathogen which is one of the leading causes of severe illnesses in humans. The current study involved the design and development of two methods, respectively using iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) and iron core gold nanoparticle (ICGNP), conjugated with the Salmonella antibody and the fluorophore, 4-Methylumbelliferyl Caprylate (4-MUCAP), used as an indicator, for its selective and sensitive detection in contaminated food products. Twenty double-blind beverage samples, spiked with Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, were prepared in sterile Eppendorf® tubes at room temperature. The gold layer and spikes of ICGNPs increased the surface areas. The ratio …