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Articles 8191 - 8220 of 9596
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Are Tax "Benefits" Constitutionally Equivalent To Direct Expenditures?, Edward A. Zelinsky
Are Tax "Benefits" Constitutionally Equivalent To Direct Expenditures?, Edward A. Zelinsky
Articles
In this Article, Professor Zelinsky discusses whether tax "benefits" are constitutionally equivalent to direct expenditures. He argues that, in constitutional contexts, the generic categories "tax" and "direct expenditure" are unhelpful and often misleading, in light of the diverse and overlapping nature of different tax laws and direct spending programs, the disparate perspectives from which equivalence can be assessed, and the variety of constitutional contexts in which the equivalence issue must be addressed. Professor Zelinsky thus calls for case-by-case determinations of equivalence considering particular constitutional contexts, the appropriate perspective in each of those contexts, and the specific tax and direct spending …
Measurement Of Degree Of Order In Mixed Polarised Fluorescent Polymer Liquid Crystal Films, Andrew Davey, Robert Howard, Bernd Lahr, Hugh Byrne
Measurement Of Degree Of Order In Mixed Polarised Fluorescent Polymer Liquid Crystal Films, Andrew Davey, Robert Howard, Bernd Lahr, Hugh Byrne
Articles
Raman spectroscopy is used to investigate the degree of order found in in situ photopolymerised films exhibiting polarised emission. Studies indicate that the mixed system shows differing degrees of order for its two molecular components. The degree of order was measured in the liquid mesophase for the mixed monomers prior to polymerisation and was found to be in close agreement with the order of the two components measured in equivalent cured films.
Luminescence Properties Of Thin Film Ta2 Zn3 O8 And Mn Doped Ta2 Zn3 O8, Philip D. Rack, Michael D. Potter, Santosh Kurinec, Wounjhang Park, John Penczek, Brent K. Wagner, Christopher J. Summers
Luminescence Properties Of Thin Film Ta2 Zn3 O8 And Mn Doped Ta2 Zn3 O8, Philip D. Rack, Michael D. Potter, Santosh Kurinec, Wounjhang Park, John Penczek, Brent K. Wagner, Christopher J. Summers
Articles
Blue luminescence from TaZZn30g and green luminescence from Mn doped TaZZn30g has been observed under low voltage cathodoluminescent excitation, In this article , the luminescence mechanisms of TaZZn30g and Mn doped TaZZn30 g are discussed in detail. The results suggest that the intrinsic blue luminescence of TaZZn30g results from a metal-to-ligand transition, whereas the green luminescence of Mn doped TaZZn30g results from the Mn 4T 1-6A I transition. The suppression of the blue intrinsic luminescence in Mn doped TaZZn30g suggests that efficient energy transfer from the host material to the Mn occurs. This energy transfer phenomenon is also discussed by …
The Abiding Relevance Of Federalism To U.S. Foreign Relations, Jack L. Goldsmith, Curtis A. Bradley
The Abiding Relevance Of Federalism To U.S. Foreign Relations, Jack L. Goldsmith, Curtis A. Bradley
Articles
No abstract provided.
A Behavioral Approach To Law And Economics, Cass R. Sunstein, Christine Jolls, Richard H. Thaler
A Behavioral Approach To Law And Economics, Cass R. Sunstein, Christine Jolls, Richard H. Thaler
Articles
Economic analysis of law usually proceeds under the assumptions of neoclassical economics. But empirical evidence gives much reason to doubt these assumptions; people exhibit bounded rationality, bounded self-interest, and bounded willpower. This article
Quality And Shelf-Life Of Fresh Cut Crrot Slices As Affected By Slicing Method, Catherine Barry-Ryan, David O'Beirne Prof
Quality And Shelf-Life Of Fresh Cut Crrot Slices As Affected By Slicing Method, Catherine Barry-Ryan, David O'Beirne Prof
Articles
The effects of slicing method on the quality and storage-life of modified atmo¬sphere packaged carrot slices were determined using microscopy, sensory evalu¬ation, microbial counts and a range of physical and chemical tests. Slicing caused physical damage, physiological stress and enhanced microbial growth. The se¬verity of these effects were in the order of blunt machine blade > sharp machine blade > razor blade. These findings provide insights into the magnitude and ba¬sis of slicing effects and also confirm the importance of gentle processing and the use of a sharp blade.
The Religious Freedom Restoration Act Is Unconstitutional, Period, Marci A. Hamilton
The Religious Freedom Restoration Act Is Unconstitutional, Period, Marci A. Hamilton
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Constitutional Rhetoric Of Religion, Marci A. Hamilton
The Constitutional Rhetoric Of Religion, Marci A. Hamilton
Articles
The message of postmodernism is that we should carefully attend to the language that we use. We should not expect the meaning of our words to always accord with our intentions or to remain static. We are likely to be surprised by language's subtle and unintended intonations. This could not be more true for the discourse in the battle over the standard to be applied to free exercises cases. The language of the standard that appears to be good for religion--the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) - sends the message that religion is weak and needy, while the standard that …
Speculating About The Next Administrative Conference: Connecting Public Management To The Legal Process, Paul R. Verkuil
Speculating About The Next Administrative Conference: Connecting Public Management To The Legal Process, Paul R. Verkuil
Articles
The article advocates for the establishment of a new initiative inspired by the legacy of the Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS) to address the need for improved public management in the federal system. It proposes a reimagined organization that would bridge the gap between legal processes and management issues, fostering a unified approach to public management. The new initiative would build on the strengths of the ACUS, such as its ability to facilitate dialogue between public and private sectors, while overcoming its limitations, including a narrow focus on legal procedures. The article emphasizes the importance of connecting legal …
Ascorbic Acid Retention In Shredded Iceberg Lettuce As Affected By Minimal Processing, Catherine Barry-Ryan, David O'Beirne
Ascorbic Acid Retention In Shredded Iceberg Lettuce As Affected By Minimal Processing, Catherine Barry-Ryan, David O'Beirne
Articles
The effects of slicing method, packaging atmosphere and storage temperature were determined on total ascorbic acid (TAA) content of modified atmosphere packaged shredded lettuce. TAA was extracted from the lettuce samples and levels were monitored using either titration with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol solution or an assay kit. Slicing affected (p < 0.05) ascorbic acid retention in the order manual tearing > manual slicing > machine slicing. Flushing with 100% nitrogen increased retention (~5%, p < 0.05) over packages with product modified atmospheres. Storage at 3°C increased retention (~20%, p < 0.05) compared with storage at 8°C. Scores for product appearance generally followed losses of TAA in the lettuce (p < 0.05).
Sex And Religion In A Midlands Town, Eamon Maher
Sex And Religion In A Midlands Town, Eamon Maher
Articles
Material reproduced by kind permission of Doctrine and Life
Multilongitudinal-Mode Dynamics In A Semiconductor Laser Subject To Optical Injection, J.K. White, Jerome Moloney, Athanasios Gavrielides
Multilongitudinal-Mode Dynamics In A Semiconductor Laser Subject To Optical Injection, J.K. White, Jerome Moloney, Athanasios Gavrielides
Articles
Multilongitudinal-mode dynamics in a semiconductor laser subject to optical injection are investigated both experimentally and numerically. We found that there are parameter regimes for which the slave laser hops into an adjacent longitudinal mode as we vary the detuning of the optical frequencies between the master and slave laser. A traveling wave model is used to numerically investigate the mode hopping. Good qualitative agreement is found between the numerical computations and the experimental observations.
Optical Effects Of Ink Spread And Penetration On Halftones Printed By Thermal Ink Jet, Jonathan Arney, Michael Alber
Optical Effects Of Ink Spread And Penetration On Halftones Printed By Thermal Ink Jet, Jonathan Arney, Michael Alber
Articles
A probability-based model of halftone imaging, which was developed in previous work to describe the Yule–Nielsen effect, is shown in the current work to be easily modified to account for additional physical and optical effects in halftone imaging. In particular, the effects of ink spread and ink penetration on the optics of halftone imaging with an ink-jet printer is modeled. The modified probability model was found to fit the experimental data quite well. However, the model appears to overcompensate for the scattering associated with ink penetration into paper.
Building Color Management Modules Using Linear Optimization. Ii. Prepress System For Offset Printing, Koichi Iino, Roy Berns
Building Color Management Modules Using Linear Optimization. Ii. Prepress System For Offset Printing, Koichi Iino, Roy Berns
Articles
A spectral model was derived to predict the spectral reflectance factor of colors formed using a color proofing system simulating offset printing. A first-order model was based on the spectral Neugebauer equation modified by the Yule-Nielsen correction in which n was assumed to vary as a function of wavelength. The n[z] and effective dot areas were optimized using primary (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) halftone tints. Systematic errors were observed. The systematic error behaved in a similar fashion to the phenomenon of ink trapping. Because ink trapping,.ink spread, ink mixture and variance of mechanical dot gain were negligible for this …
The Brandeis Vision, Donald L. Burnett Jr.
Reflecting On The Subject: A Critique Of The Social Influence Conception Of Deterrence, The Broken Windows Theory, And Order-Maintenance Policing New York Style, Bernard E. Harcourt
Reflecting On The Subject: A Critique Of The Social Influence Conception Of Deterrence, The Broken Windows Theory, And Order-Maintenance Policing New York Style, Bernard E. Harcourt
Articles
No abstract provided.
Bankruptcy's Uncontested Axioms, Douglas G. Baird
The Internet And The Abiding Significance Of Territorial Sovereignty, Jack L. Goldsmith
The Internet And The Abiding Significance Of Territorial Sovereignty, Jack L. Goldsmith
Articles
No abstract provided.
Pennsylvania Coal V. Mahon: The Erratic Takings Jurisprudence Of Justice Holmes, Richard A. Epstein
Pennsylvania Coal V. Mahon: The Erratic Takings Jurisprudence Of Justice Holmes, Richard A. Epstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Joint Custody And Strategic Behavior, Saul Levmore
Symposium On Race And Criminal Law: Introduction, Richard H. Mcadams
Symposium On Race And Criminal Law: Introduction, Richard H. Mcadams
Articles
No abstract provided.
Foreword: The Internet And Shasta County, Lisa Bernstein
Foreword: The Internet And Shasta County, Lisa Bernstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Pennsylvania Coal V. Mahon: The Erratic Takings Jurisprudence Of Justice Holmes, Richard A. Epstein
Pennsylvania Coal V. Mahon: The Erratic Takings Jurisprudence Of Justice Holmes, Richard A. Epstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Afterword Beyond Sexual Orientation In Queer Legal Theory: Majoritarianism, Multidimensionality, And Responsibility In Social Justice Scholarship Or Legal Scholars As Cultural Warriors, Francisco Valdes
Articles
No abstract provided.
Professionalisms, Richard A. Posner
Assessing Punitive Damages (With Notes On Cognition And Valuation In Law), Cass R. Sunstein, Daniel Kahneman, David Schkade
Assessing Punitive Damages (With Notes On Cognition And Valuation In Law), Cass R. Sunstein, Daniel Kahneman, David Schkade
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Balanced Budget Amendment And Social Security: An Alternative Means Of Judicial Enforcement, Lior Strahilevitz
The Balanced Budget Amendment And Social Security: An Alternative Means Of Judicial Enforcement, Lior Strahilevitz
Articles
No abstract provided.
The New Chicago School: Myth Or Reality?, Lisa Bernstein, Richard A. Epstein, Eric A. Posner, Randal C. Picker
The New Chicago School: Myth Or Reality?, Lisa Bernstein, Richard A. Epstein, Eric A. Posner, Randal C. Picker
Articles
No abstract provided.
Antiquated Procedures Or Bedrock Rights: A Response To Professors Meares And Kahan The Right To A Fair Trial, Albert Alschuler, Stephen J. Schulhofer
Antiquated Procedures Or Bedrock Rights: A Response To Professors Meares And Kahan The Right To A Fair Trial, Albert Alschuler, Stephen J. Schulhofer
Articles
No abstract provided.
Formalism, Functionalism, Ignorance, Judges, Frank H. Easterbrook
Formalism, Functionalism, Ignorance, Judges, Frank H. Easterbrook
Articles
No abstract provided.