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Articles 781 - 810 of 14224
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Review Of Detection Limits For Various Techniques For Bacterial Detection In Food Samples, Xinyi Zhao Nanolab Research Centre, Abhijnan Bhat, Christine O’Connor School Of Food Science And Environmental Health, James Curtin Faculty Of Engineering And Built Environment, Baljit Singh, Micra Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway And Health, Engineering & Materials Sciences (Hems) Research Hub, Furong Tian Nanolab Research Centre
Review Of Detection Limits For Various Techniques For Bacterial Detection In Food Samples, Xinyi Zhao Nanolab Research Centre, Abhijnan Bhat, Christine O’Connor School Of Food Science And Environmental Health, James Curtin Faculty Of Engineering And Built Environment, Baljit Singh, Micra Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway And Health, Engineering & Materials Sciences (Hems) Research Hub, Furong Tian Nanolab Research Centre
Articles
Foodborne illnesses can be infectious and dangerous, and most of them are caused by bacteria. Some common food-related bacteria species exist widely in nature and pose a serious threat to both humans and animals; they can cause poisoning, diseases, disabilities and even death. Rapid, reliable and cost-effective methods for bacterial detection are of paramount importance in food safety and environmental monitoring. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) and electrochemical methods have been widely used in food safety and environmental monitoring. In this paper, the recent developments (2013–2023) covering PCR, LFIA and electrochemical methods for various bacterial species …
Investigating Abandonment Errors In Cruise/Passenger Ships : Researching The Reasons Leading To Life-Losses During An Evacuation, A. Andreadakis, D. Dalaklis, N. Nikitakos
Investigating Abandonment Errors In Cruise/Passenger Ships : Researching The Reasons Leading To Life-Losses During An Evacuation, A. Andreadakis, D. Dalaklis, N. Nikitakos
Articles
No abstract provided.
Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring Based On Three Fitted Performance Curves, Shuo Zhang, Emma Robinson, Malabika Basu
Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring Based On Three Fitted Performance Curves, Shuo Zhang, Emma Robinson, Malabika Basu
Articles
Based on SCADA data, this study aims at fitting three performance curves (PCs), power curve, pitch angle curve, and rotor speed curve, to accurately describe the normal behaviour of a wind turbine (WT) for performance monitoring and identification of anomalous signals. The fitting accuracy can be undesirably affected by erroneous SCADA data. Hence, outliers generated from raw SCADA data should be removed to mitigate the prediction inaccuracy, so various outlier detection (OD) approaches are compared in terms of area under the curve (AUC) and mean average precision (mAP). Among them, a novel unsupervised SVM-KNN model, integrated by support vector machine …
The Next Generation, Jeremiah Chin
The Next Generation, Jeremiah Chin
Articles
What would the law look like if we let children remake it? Laws govern, classify, and circumscribe children who inherit the law and its consequences. Discourses of power invoke children as rhetorical strategies to gain political favor or obviate a position—yet children are uncritically excluded from participating in the systems that control them. Children are subjected to the laws and objects of legislation, but denied the rights, autonomy, or authority to participate in the making of law and policy. Even the conceptualization of the constitutional rights of children is treated as an assumption, ill-defined and under theorized by traditional legal …
America's Next "Stop Model!": Model Deletion, Jevan Hutson, Ben Winters
America's Next "Stop Model!": Model Deletion, Jevan Hutson, Ben Winters
Articles
This Essay explores the emergence of model deletion- the compelled destruction or dispossession of certain data, algorithms, models, and associated work products created or shaped by illegal means- as a remedy, right, and requirement for harmful applications of Al and ML systems. Part I examines model deletion's emergence as a consumer protection remedy and its conception as a positive right and regulatory requirement. Part II considers the constellation of federal and state actors, such as federal and state enforcement agencies and legislative bodies, who might seek model deletion to address particular Al and ML harms. Part III underscores the need …
The Meme Stock Fenzy: Origins And Implications, Dhruv Aggarwal, Albert H. Choi, Yoon-Ho Alex Lee
The Meme Stock Fenzy: Origins And Implications, Dhruv Aggarwal, Albert H. Choi, Yoon-Ho Alex Lee
Articles
In 2021, several publicly traded companies, such as GameStop, Bed Bath & Beyond, and AMC, became “meme stocks,” experiencing a sharp rise in their stock prices through a dramatic influx of retail investors into their shareholder base. Analyses of the meme stock surge and its implications for corporate governance have focused on the idiosyncratic creation of online communities around particular stocks during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this Article, we argue that the emergence of meme stocks is part of longer-running and more structural digital transformations in trading, investing, and governance. On the trading front, the abolition of commissions by major …
Research Access To Social Media Data: Lessons From Clinical Trial Data Sharing, Christopher J. Morten, Gabriel Nicholas, Salomé Vilgoen
Research Access To Social Media Data: Lessons From Clinical Trial Data Sharing, Christopher J. Morten, Gabriel Nicholas, Salomé Vilgoen
Articles
For years, social media companies have sparred with lawmakers over how much independent access to platform data they should provide researchers. Sharing data with researchers allows the public to better understand the risks and harms associated with social media, including areas such as misinformation, child safety, and political polarization. Yet researcher access is controversial. Privacy advocates and companies raise the potential privacy threats of researchers using such data irresponsibly. In addition, social media companies raise concerns over trade secrecy: the data these companies hold and the algorithms powered by that data are secretive sources of competitive advantage. This Article shows …
Rethinking Innovation At Fda, Rachel E. Sachs, Nicholson Price, Patricia J. Zeitler
Rethinking Innovation At Fda, Rachel E. Sachs, Nicholson Price, Patricia J. Zeitler
Articles
In several controversial drug approval decisions in recent years, the Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) has publicly justified its decision partly on the ground that approving the drugs in question would support innovation in those fields going forward. To some observers, these arguments were surprising, as the Agency’s determination whether a drug is “safe” and “effective” does not seem to depend on whether its approval also supports innovation. But FDA’s use of these innovation arguments in drug approval decisions is just one example of the ways in which the Agency has come to make many innovation-related judgments as part of …
Sins And Omissions: Slavery And The Bill Of Rights, Richard Primus
Sins And Omissions: Slavery And The Bill Of Rights, Richard Primus
Articles
According to the conventional story, the Constitutional Convention declined to include a bill of rights in the Constitution because it trusted the enumeration of congressional powers to do the necessary work of limiting the federal government. That conventional story is historically unfounded. It is not supported by contemporary evidence, and it was roundly disbelieved at the time. Although it is not possible to know for certain why (really, for what mix of reasons) the Framers omitted a bill of rights, it seems likely that one major reason was that formulating a bill of rights would have provoked a bitter fight …
Whither Lob?, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Whither Lob?, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Articles
On January 1, 2024, the 1979 tax treaty between the United States andHungary was officially terminated.A revised treaty was signed in 2010but was never ratified by the United States, and it is unlikely that it willcome into effect any time soon.This situation is an anomaly because the United States has tax treaties withmost other members of the European Union (EU) and the Organisation forEconomic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Why did the UnitedStates terminate the treaty in July 2022?
Comparative Assessment Of Gold Nanoparticle–Antibody Conjugates With Two Differently Shaped Particles For Multimodal Colorimetric Lateral Flow Assay, Vinayak Sharma, Bilal Javed, Furong Tian
Comparative Assessment Of Gold Nanoparticle–Antibody Conjugates With Two Differently Shaped Particles For Multimodal Colorimetric Lateral Flow Assay, Vinayak Sharma, Bilal Javed, Furong Tian
Articles
Novel detection strategies that exploit the unique properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hold great potential for the advancement of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, such as lateral flow and dipstick immunoassay [1,2,3]. Owing to its biocompatibility and convenient surface modifications, gold nanoparticles with enhanced sensitivity reduce the sample-to-answer times to less than 5 min (Figure 1). Methods like covalent conjugation and electrostatic adsorption are explored for antibody immobilization to develop a gold nanoparticle-based biosensor for fast and sensitive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for both basic research and clinical diagnostics. The mounting of antibodies on the gold nanoparticle surface requires selective binding …
Biosynthesis, Classification, Properties, And Applications Of Weissella Bacteriocins, Jahnavi Kumari Singh, Palanisamy Bruntha Devi, G. Bhanuprakash Reddy, Amit K. Jaiswal, Digambar Kavitake, Prathapkumar Halady Shetty
Biosynthesis, Classification, Properties, And Applications Of Weissella Bacteriocins, Jahnavi Kumari Singh, Palanisamy Bruntha Devi, G. Bhanuprakash Reddy, Amit K. Jaiswal, Digambar Kavitake, Prathapkumar Halady Shetty
Articles
This review aims to comprehensively chronicle the biosynthesis, classification, properties, and applications of bacteriocins produced by Weissella genus strains, particularly emphasizing their potential benefits in food preservation, human health, and animal productivity. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are a class of microorganisms well-known for their beneficial role in food fermentation, probiotics, and human health. A notable property of LAB is that they can synthesize antimicrobial peptides known as bacteriocins that exhibit antimicrobial action against both closely related and other bacteria as well. Bacteriocins produced by Weissella spp. are known to exhibit antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic bacteria including food spoilage species, …
Improving The Barrier And Mechanical Properties Of Paper Used For Packing Applications With Renewable Hydrophobic Coatings Derived From Camelina Oil, Muhammad Arshad, Shiv Shankar, Amar K. Mohanty, Jim Todd, Rachel Riddle, Rene Van Acker, Graham W. Taylor, Manjusri Misra
Improving The Barrier And Mechanical Properties Of Paper Used For Packing Applications With Renewable Hydrophobic Coatings Derived From Camelina Oil, Muhammad Arshad, Shiv Shankar, Amar K. Mohanty, Jim Todd, Rachel Riddle, Rene Van Acker, Graham W. Taylor, Manjusri Misra
Articles
This study looked at using modified camelina oil to develop sustainable coatings that could replace those derived from petroleum-based materials for use in packaging and other industrial sectors. Solvent-free synthesis of maleic anhydride grafted camelina oil (MCO) was carried out at two different temperatures (200 and 230 °C) to obtain sustainable hydrophobic coating materials for paper substrates. Maleic anhydride grafting of camelina oil was confirmed with attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopic techniques, and up to 16% grafting of maleic anhydride was achieved, as determined by the titration method. MCO, obtained at different reaction temperatures, was coated onto …
Exploring Safety Of Machineries And Training: An Overview Of Current Literature Applied To Manufacturing Environments, Maria Elena Del Giudice, Mahnaz Sharafkhani, Mario Di Nardo, Teresa Murino, Maria Chiara Leva
Exploring Safety Of Machineries And Training: An Overview Of Current Literature Applied To Manufacturing Environments, Maria Elena Del Giudice, Mahnaz Sharafkhani, Mario Di Nardo, Teresa Murino, Maria Chiara Leva
Articles
A machine is described as an assembly that has a drive system installed or is planned to have a drive system installed and that is constituted of linked elements or components, at least one of which moves, that are connected for a particular application (ISO12100). Different types of risks are present in machines, and exposure to them can cause harm or even death. When risk has been adequately reduced, machinery safety considers a machine's ability to complete its intended duty throughout its life cycle. A literature review was carried out using “safety of machinery” as a keyword, which produced an …
The Potential Of Edible Insects As A Safe, Palatable, And Sustainable Food Source In The European Union, Ann D. Conway, Swarna Jaiswal, Amit K. Jaiswal
The Potential Of Edible Insects As A Safe, Palatable, And Sustainable Food Source In The European Union, Ann D. Conway, Swarna Jaiswal, Amit K. Jaiswal
Articles
Entomophagy describes the practice of eating insects. Insects are considered extremely nutritious in many countries worldwide. However, there is a lethargic uptake of this practice in Europe where consuming insects and insect-based foodstuffs is often regarded with disgust. Such perceptions and concerns are often due to a lack of exposure to and availability of food-grade insects as a food source and are often driven by neophobia and cultural norms. In recent years, due to accelerating climate change, an urgency to develop alternate safe and sustainable food-sources has emerged. There are currently over 2000 species of insects approved by the World …
Analysis Of Delta In-Out For Irish Natural Gas Distribution Network, Utkarsha Chavan, Anthony Reynolds, Michael Carr, L. Walsh
Analysis Of Delta In-Out For Irish Natural Gas Distribution Network, Utkarsha Chavan, Anthony Reynolds, Michael Carr, L. Walsh
Articles
This article investigates the issue of Unaccounted for Gas (UAG) in the natural gas distribution network of Ireland, focusing on the DeltaIO (i.e. the difference between the gas entering and leaving the network). The study applies the DeltaIO methodology developed for Italian distribution networks to Gas Networks Ireland (GNI), the sole Distribution System Operator (DSO) in Ireland. The analysis covers the period from 2013 to 2019 and provides insights into the magnitude and trends of UAG in the Irish context. The results show that GNI's DeltaIO ranges from 0.93% to 1.57%, with an average of 1.15%. Comparisons with large Italian …
Assessing The Corrosive Effects Of Unmelted Particles In Additively Manufactured Ti6al4v: A Study In Simulated Body Fluid, Surinder Pal, Xavier Velay, Waqas Saleem
Assessing The Corrosive Effects Of Unmelted Particles In Additively Manufactured Ti6al4v: A Study In Simulated Body Fluid, Surinder Pal, Xavier Velay, Waqas Saleem
Articles
This study investigates the corrosion behavior of Grade 23 Ti6Al4V alloys produced through laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) when exposed to simulated body fluid at room temperature, focusing on the role of unmelted particles. This research aims to understand how these microstructural features, resulting from the additive manufacturing process, influence the corrosion resistance of the alloys. It was observed that unmelted particles serve as critical sites for initiating localized corrosion, including pitting, which significantly compromises the material's overall durability. Electrochemical testing and detailed surface analysis revealed that these particles, alongside other defects such as voids, exacerbate the susceptibility to corrosion …
Nutrient Intakes And Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Esophagogastric Cancer Survivors Up To 5 Years Post-Surgery, A. E. Bennett, L. O'Neill, S. L. Doyle, E. M. Guinan, J. O'Sullivan, J. V. Reynolds, J. Hussey
Nutrient Intakes And Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Esophagogastric Cancer Survivors Up To 5 Years Post-Surgery, A. E. Bennett, L. O'Neill, S. L. Doyle, E. M. Guinan, J. O'Sullivan, J. V. Reynolds, J. Hussey
Articles
A cross-sectional analysis explored nutritional intakes and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms among esophagogastric cancer survivors up to 12, 13–36, and 37+ months post-surgery. Participants were identified from the Upper GI Cancer Registry at St James' Hospital, Ireland. The Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, European Prospective Investigation of Cancer Food Frequency Questionnaire, World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale assessed malnutrition risk, nutritional intake, adherence to (secondary) cancer prevention recommendations, and GI symptoms, respectively. Most (82.5%, n33) participants (n40) were male. Mean age was 65.5 ± 9.3 years. Time post-surgery ranged from 6-62 months. Half …
A Food-Exchange Model For Achieving The Recommended Dietary Intakes For Saturated Fat In Irish Children: Analysis From The Cross-Sectional National Children's Food Survey Ii, Aileen O'Connor, Maria Buffini, Anne P. Nugent, Laura Kehoe, Albert Flynn, Janette Walton, John Kearney, Breige Mcnulty
A Food-Exchange Model For Achieving The Recommended Dietary Intakes For Saturated Fat In Irish Children: Analysis From The Cross-Sectional National Children's Food Survey Ii, Aileen O'Connor, Maria Buffini, Anne P. Nugent, Laura Kehoe, Albert Flynn, Janette Walton, John Kearney, Breige Mcnulty
Articles
Objective: To identify the main foods determining saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes and model the impact of food exchanges to improve compliance with dietary fat recommendations in Irish children. Design: Estimated food and nutrient intakes were obtained from a cross-sectional study, the National Children's Food Survey II. Participants were categorised into low, medium, and high SFA consumers, and the contribution of food categories to SFA intakes were compared. A food-exchange model was developed, whereby a selected range of high SFA foods were exchanged with lower SFA or unsaturated fat alternatives. Setting: Participants were randomly selected from primary schools throughout the …
Diet Quality And Blood Pressure Among Pregnant Women With Overweight Or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis Of Two Randomized Controlled Trials, Sorcha Lynch, Sarah Louise Killeen, Eileen O'Brien, Kate Mullane, Emma Hokey, Grace Mealy, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Diet Quality And Blood Pressure Among Pregnant Women With Overweight Or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis Of Two Randomized Controlled Trials, Sorcha Lynch, Sarah Louise Killeen, Eileen O'Brien, Kate Mullane, Emma Hokey, Grace Mealy, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Articles
Introduction: Maternal obesity is a significant risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. High diet quality may protect against this, yet data regarding the relationship between diet quality and blood pressure among pregnant women with raised body mass index (BMI) is limited. Material and methods: This is a secondary analysis (n = 543) of women with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 from two randomized controlled trials; PEARS (Pregnancy Exercise and nutrition Research Study with smartphone application support) and ROLO (Randomized cOntrol trial of LOw glycemic index diet to prevent macrosomia in euglycemic women). Blood pressure was measured at 10–18 weeks and 28 …
Prevalence Of Food Insecurity Among Caregivers Of Young Children During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Ireland, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Caoimhe Daly, Aileen Kennedy
Prevalence Of Food Insecurity Among Caregivers Of Young Children During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Ireland, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Caoimhe Daly, Aileen Kennedy
Articles
Our objectives were to explore the prevalence of food insecurity in primary caregivers of young children in Ireland and to compare two tools for measuring food insecurity during the COVID-19 crisis. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among caregivers of children aged <2 years in Ireland in May/June 2020. Relevant survey questions were closed-ended using two established tools for measuring food poverty/insecurity; the Irish Food Poverty Indicator and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the prevalence of food poverty/insecurity. To explore agreement in the classification of food insecurity by the Food Poverty Indicator and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, Cohen's κ was used. Analyses are based on 716 participants; most had a 3rd-level education and were married or in a partnership. Per the food poverty index, Ireland's national measure of food poverty, 3.9% (n = 28) of our sample were experiencing food poverty. This rose to 10.5% (n = 75) experiencing food insecurity when using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, which also measures worry/anxiety around access to food. There was low agreement between the tools, with 11.3% of the sample classified as food secure by one tool and food insecure by the other. Our current measure of food poverty in Ireland may not be sufficient to describe the food-access struggles or worry/anxiety about food access, experienced by the population, particularly during an emergency like COVID-19.
Multicomponent Perinatal Breastfeeding Support In Women With Bmi >25: The Latch On Multi-Centre Randomised Trial, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Catherine Mcnestry, Denise Mcguinness, Sarah Louise Killeen, John Mehegan, Barbara Coughlan, Eileen C. O'Brien, Denise O'Brien, Marcelina Szafranska, Mary Brosnan, Lucille Sheehy, Rosie Murtagh, Lorraine O'Hagan, Marie Corbett, Michelle Walsh, Regina Keogh, Paula Power, Marie Woodcock, Mary Phelan, Amy Carroll, Stephanie Murray, Charmaine Scallan, Elizabeth Dunn, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Multicomponent Perinatal Breastfeeding Support In Women With Bmi >25: The Latch On Multi-Centre Randomised Trial, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Catherine Mcnestry, Denise Mcguinness, Sarah Louise Killeen, John Mehegan, Barbara Coughlan, Eileen C. O'Brien, Denise O'Brien, Marcelina Szafranska, Mary Brosnan, Lucille Sheehy, Rosie Murtagh, Lorraine O'Hagan, Marie Corbett, Michelle Walsh, Regina Keogh, Paula Power, Marie Woodcock, Mary Phelan, Amy Carroll, Stephanie Murray, Charmaine Scallan, Elizabeth Dunn, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Articles
Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a multicomponent breastfeeding support intervention on breastfeeding prevalence at 3 months among women with a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2. Design: Multicentre multicomponent randomised controlled trial. Setting: Four maternity centres in Ireland. Population: A total of 225 primiparous women and their nominated support partners. Participants were aged 18 years and over, with BMI ≥25 kg/m2, carrying a singleton pregnancy and without contraindication for breastfeeding. Methods: The intervention included an antenatal group breastfeeding education session for participants and their support partners, followed by a planned postnatal breastfeeding assessment and telephone support for up to …
What Makes A City ‘Breastfeeding-Friendly'?: A Scoping Review Of Indicators Of A Breastfeeding-Friendly City, May Loong Tan, Izz Amirah Mohd Shukri, Jacqueline J. Ho, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Amal Omer-Salim, Fionnuala M Mcauliffe
What Makes A City ‘Breastfeeding-Friendly'?: A Scoping Review Of Indicators Of A Breastfeeding-Friendly City, May Loong Tan, Izz Amirah Mohd Shukri, Jacqueline J. Ho, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Amal Omer-Salim, Fionnuala M Mcauliffe
Articles
A breastfeeding-friendly city is one where there is an enabling environment to support breastfeeding throughout the first 2 years or more of a child's life. Indicators of a breastfeeding-friendly city have yet to be identified. What are the indicators or criteria used to define breastfeeding friendliness in a geographic area such as a city and the settings within, which we have classified as community, healthcare and workplace? Three major databases and grey literature were searched. Records were screened to identify publications describing criteria such as indicators or descriptions of a breastfeeding-friendly setting, defined as ‘criteria-sets'. These criteria-sets were then categorized …
Outcomes Of The Leap Feasibility Trial—A Low-Threshold, Exercise Programme With Protein Supplementation To Target Frailty And Poor Physical Functioning In People Experiencing Homelessness And Addiction Issues, Fiona Kennedy, Clíona Ní Cheallaigh, Roman Romero-Ortuno, Suzanne L. Doyle, Julie Broderick
Outcomes Of The Leap Feasibility Trial—A Low-Threshold, Exercise Programme With Protein Supplementation To Target Frailty And Poor Physical Functioning In People Experiencing Homelessness And Addiction Issues, Fiona Kennedy, Clíona Ní Cheallaigh, Roman Romero-Ortuno, Suzanne L. Doyle, Julie Broderick
Articles
Background People experiencing homelessness are more likely to experience poor health with physical functioning deficits and frailty commonly reported. It is not well known how strategies to target physical functioning deficits and frailty work in practice in this group. The primary aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of an exercise intervention with protein supplementation to target physical functioning and frailty in people experiencing homelessness evaluated by recruitment and retention rates, adherence to the exercise sessions and protein supplement, adverse effects, programme feedback and characteristics of non-returners, sporadic and frequent attenders. The secondary aim was to evaluate changes …
Optical Response Of Pdms Surface Diffraction Gratings Under Exposure To Volatile Organic Compounds, Aleksandra Hernik, Faolan Radford Mcgovern, Izabela Naydenova
Optical Response Of Pdms Surface Diffraction Gratings Under Exposure To Volatile Organic Compounds, Aleksandra Hernik, Faolan Radford Mcgovern, Izabela Naydenova
Articles
Monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air is significantly gaining importance due to their adverse effects on human health. Among the diverse detection methods is optical sensing, which employs materials sensitive to the presence of gases in the environment. In this work, we investigate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), one of the materials utilized for gas sensing, in a novel transducer: a surface relief diffraction grating. Upon adsorption of the volatile analyte, the PDMS grating swells, and its refractive index changes; both effects lead to increased diffraction efficiency in the first diffraction order. Hence, the possibility of VOC detection emerges from the …
Comparison Of Holographic Recording Options For Reflection-Format And Transmission-Format Coupler-Type Diffractive Optical Elements: Theoretical Exploration And Experimental Validation, Dipanjan Chakraborty, Rosen Georgiev, Vincent Toal, Izabela Naydenova, Dervil Cody, Suzanne Martin
Comparison Of Holographic Recording Options For Reflection-Format And Transmission-Format Coupler-Type Diffractive Optical Elements: Theoretical Exploration And Experimental Validation, Dipanjan Chakraborty, Rosen Georgiev, Vincent Toal, Izabela Naydenova, Dervil Cody, Suzanne Martin
Articles
The holographic recording of gratings that have very large diffraction angles and/or slants is challenging because recording requires beam angles that are not possible without the use of prisms. However, by using a recording wavelength that is different from (usually shorter than) the intended operating wavelength, it is possible to record with less challenging beam angles. In this paper, a recently developed model that allows systematic investigation of the potential and limits of this wavelength-shift recording technique is extended to include a reflection format. Transmission and reflection recording options are compared systematically for the first time, and it is shown …
Modeling Redistribution Of Nanozeolites In Holographic Recording, Dana Mackey, Jack Lyons, Izabela Naydenova
Modeling Redistribution Of Nanozeolites In Holographic Recording, Dana Mackey, Jack Lyons, Izabela Naydenova
Articles
Zeolite doped photopolymers have been studied experimentally due to their potential application in the development of optical sensors. It has been shown that dopant redistribution can be achieved by holographic recording and has a direct influence on the sensitivity of the recorded grating. To achieve better theoretical understanding of these processes, this paper proposes an extended photopolymerization-diffusion mathematical model for describing the dynamics of nanozeolite redistribution during recording in an acrylamide-based photopolymer. Using numerical simulations of this model, we investigate how recording conditions, dopant transport parameters, and initial load affect the refractive index modulation of the resulting photonic structure.
Holographic Multiplexing In A Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel, Pamela Stoeva, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy
Holographic Multiplexing In A Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel, Pamela Stoeva, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy
Articles
Holographic multiplexing techniques enhance functionality and information storage by leveraging the inherent selectivity of holograms. This is crucial for advancing holographic sensors, which excel in simultaneously detecting multiple parameters from a single input signal. This study explores the potential of the recent photopolymerisable hybrid sol-gel (PHSG) material for application in Space sensing systems through the investigation of its holographic angular multiplexing capabilities. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we report the successful recording of up to five angularly multiplexed gratings with diffraction efficiencies (DE) ≥ 15% in 187 ± 18 µm PHSG layers. A 3 mW/cm2 …
Comparing Thin And Volume Regimes Of Analog Holograms For Wavefront Sensing, Emma Branigan, Andreas Zepp, Suzanne Martin, Matthew Sheehan, Szymon Gladysz, Kevin Murphy
Comparing Thin And Volume Regimes Of Analog Holograms For Wavefront Sensing, Emma Branigan, Andreas Zepp, Suzanne Martin, Matthew Sheehan, Szymon Gladysz, Kevin Murphy
Articles
Two analog holographic wavefront sensors, for measurement of defocus, have been fabricated as both thin and volume phase transmission holograms in a self-developing photopolymer. This represents the first reported direct comparison of hologram regimes when designed for wavefront sensing. An analysis of the effect of crosstalk in the presence of one other aberration mode (astigmatism X (0/90°), coma X (horizontal), and primary spherical aberration) was carried out with each version of the sensor. The performance of thin and volume analog holographic wavefront sensors was characterized under emulated conditions associated with moderate atmospheric turbulence.
Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Heatwave-Related Mortality From 1990 To 2019: A Three-Stage Modelling Study, Qi Zhao, Shanshan Li, Tingting Ye, Yao Wu, Antonio Gasparrini, Shilu Tong, Aleš Urban, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Aurelio Tobias, Ben Armstrong, Dominic Royé, Eric Lavigne, Francesca De'donato, Francesco Sera, Haidong Kan, Joel Schwartz, Mathilde Pascal, Niilo Ryti, Patrick Goodman, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Michelle L. Bell, Yuming Guo
Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Heatwave-Related Mortality From 1990 To 2019: A Three-Stage Modelling Study, Qi Zhao, Shanshan Li, Tingting Ye, Yao Wu, Antonio Gasparrini, Shilu Tong, Aleš Urban, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Aurelio Tobias, Ben Armstrong, Dominic Royé, Eric Lavigne, Francesca De'donato, Francesco Sera, Haidong Kan, Joel Schwartz, Mathilde Pascal, Niilo Ryti, Patrick Goodman, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Michelle L. Bell, Yuming Guo
Articles
Background The regional disparity of heatwave-related mortality over a long period has not been sufficiently assessed across the globe, impeding the localisation of adaptation planning and risk management towards climate change. We quantified the global mortality burden associated with heatwaves at a spatial resolution of 0.5∘×0.5∘and the temporal change from 1990 to 2019. Methods and findings We collected data on daily deaths and temperature from 750 locations of 43 countries or regions, and 5 meta-predictors in 0.5∘×0.5∘ resolution across the world. Heatwaves were defined as location-specific daily mean temperature ≥95th percentiles of year-round temperature range with duration ≥2 days. We …