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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 14075
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Distinct Chemistries Define The Diverse Biological Effects Of Plasma Activated Water Generated With Spark And Glow Plasma Discharges, Evanthia Tsoukou, Maxime Delit, Louise Treint, Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm
Distinct Chemistries Define The Diverse Biological Effects Of Plasma Activated Water Generated With Spark And Glow Plasma Discharges, Evanthia Tsoukou, Maxime Delit, Louise Treint, Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm
Articles
The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to human health. Plasma activated liquids (PAL) could be a promising alternative for microbial decontamination, where different PAL can possess diverse antimicrobial efficacies and cytotoxic profiles, depending on the range and concentration of their reactive chemical species. In this research, the biological activity of plasma activated water (PAW) on different biological targets including both microbiological and mammalian cells was investigated in vitro. The aim was to further an understanding of the specific role of distinct plasma reactive species, which is required to tailor plasma activated liquids for use in applications where …
Ursolic Acid Inhibits Collective Cell Migration And Promotes Jnk-Dependent Lysosomal Associated Cell Death In Gioblastoma Multiforme Cells, Gillian Conway, Diamante Zizyte, Julie Mondala, Zhonglei He, Lorna Lynam, Mathilde Lecourt, Orla L. Howe, James Curtin
Ursolic Acid Inhibits Collective Cell Migration And Promotes Jnk-Dependent Lysosomal Associated Cell Death In Gioblastoma Multiforme Cells, Gillian Conway, Diamante Zizyte, Julie Mondala, Zhonglei He, Lorna Lynam, Mathilde Lecourt, Orla L. Howe, James Curtin
Articles
Ursolic acid (UA) is a bioactive compound which has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in a variety of cancer cell lines. UA activates various signalling pathways in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and offers a promising starting point in drug discovery; however, understanding the relationship between cell death and migration has yet to be elucidated. UA induces a dose dependent cytotoxic response demonstrated by flow cytometry and biochemical cytotoxicity assays. Inhibitor and fluorescent probe studies demonstrate that UA induces a caspase independent, JNK dependent, mechanism of cell death. Migration studies established that UA inhibits GBM collective cell migration in a time dependent manner that …
Biomolecules As Model Indicators Of In Vitro And In Vivo Cold Plasma Safety, Caitlin Heslin, Daniela Boehm, Brendan F. Gilmore, Julianne Megaw, Theresa A. Freeman, Noreen Hickok, Patrick J. Cullen, Paula Bourke
Biomolecules As Model Indicators Of In Vitro And In Vivo Cold Plasma Safety, Caitlin Heslin, Daniela Boehm, Brendan F. Gilmore, Julianne Megaw, Theresa A. Freeman, Noreen Hickok, Patrick J. Cullen, Paula Bourke
Articles
The potential applications for cold plasma in medicine are extensive, from microbial inactivation and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells to stimulating wound healing and enhancing the blood coagulation cascade. The safe bio-medical application of cold plasma and subsequent effect on complex biological pathways requires precision and a distinct understanding of how physiological redox chemistry is manipulated. Chemical modification of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids treated with cold plasma have been characterized, however, the context of how alterations of these molecules affect cell behavior or in vivo functionality has not been determined. Thus, this study examines the cytotoxic …
Inactivation Efficacy Of Atmospheric Air Plasma And Airborne Acoustic Ultrasound Against Bacterial Bioflms, Apurva Patange, Jeremy Simpson, James Curtin, Catherine Burgess, P.J. Cullen, Brijesh Tiwari
Inactivation Efficacy Of Atmospheric Air Plasma And Airborne Acoustic Ultrasound Against Bacterial Bioflms, Apurva Patange, Jeremy Simpson, James Curtin, Catherine Burgess, P.J. Cullen, Brijesh Tiwari
Articles
Bioflms are complex microbial communities that present serious contamination risks to our environment and health. In this study, atmospheric air plasma and airborne acoustic ultrasound technology were applied to inactivate Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua bioflms. Both technologies were efcient in controlling, or completely inactivating, the target bacterial bioflms. Viability and metabolic assays, along with microscopy analysis, revealed that atmospheric air plasma and airborne acoustic ultrasound damaged both the bacterial bioflm cells and its structural integrity. Scanning electron microscopy images highlighted the disruption of the bioflms and pore formation in bacterial cells exposed to both the plasma and acoustic treatments. …
Fruits And Vegetables In The Management Of Underlying Conditions For Covid-19 High-Risk Groups, Nora Moreb, Ahmed Albandary, Swarna Jaiswal, Amit Jaiswal
Fruits And Vegetables In The Management Of Underlying Conditions For Covid-19 High-Risk Groups, Nora Moreb, Ahmed Albandary, Swarna Jaiswal, Amit Jaiswal
Articles
: SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus, which is the cause of the current pandemic with 107,411,561 infections and 2,351,195 death worldwide so far. There are multiple symptoms that are linked with the infection of COVID-19 such as coughing, shortness of breath, congestion together with fatigue, fever, loss of taste or smell, headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. The lack of or early stage of development of a cure for COVID-19 illness, there is need for insuring the best possible position of health to be able to fight the virus naturally through a robust immune system to limit …
A Kitchen At The Heart Of A School–An Investigation Into School Meals In The Republic Of Ireland, Michelle Darmody
A Kitchen At The Heart Of A School–An Investigation Into School Meals In The Republic Of Ireland, Michelle Darmody
Articles
Free school meals provide support to vulnerable families in the Republic of Ireland. Funding is allocated as part of an anti-poverty strategy. An investigation was carried out to discover if the school meal could be used to provide nutritious scratch-cooked food as well as providing opportunities for increased socialisation and pedagogy. Food affects students in a myriad of ways and schools are in a unique position to guide what and how young people eat. This article draws on data from an ethnographic study in an inner city Dublin school.
Salmonella, Food Safety And Food Handling Practices, Olugbenga Ehuwa, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal
Salmonella, Food Safety And Food Handling Practices, Olugbenga Ehuwa, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal
Articles
: Salmonellosis is the second most reported gastrointestinal disorder in the EU resulting from the consumption of Salmonella-contaminated foods. Symptoms include gastroenteritis, abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhoea, fever, myalgia, headache, nausea and vomiting. In 2018, Salmonella accounted for more than half of the numbers of foodborne outbreak illnesses reported in the EU. Salmonella contamination is mostly associated with produce such as poultry, cattle and their feeds but other products such as dried foods, infant formula, fruit and vegetable products and pets have become important. Efforts aimed at controlling Salmonella are being made. For example, legislation and measures put in place reduced …
Plasma-Treated Water Affects Listeria Monocytogenes Vitality And Biofilm Structure, Oliver Handorf, Viktoria Isabella Pauker, Thomas Weihe, Uta Schnabel, Eric Freund, Sander Bekeschus, Katharina Riedel, Jörg Ehlbeck
Plasma-Treated Water Affects Listeria Monocytogenes Vitality And Biofilm Structure, Oliver Handorf, Viktoria Isabella Pauker, Thomas Weihe, Uta Schnabel, Eric Freund, Sander Bekeschus, Katharina Riedel, Jörg Ehlbeck
Articles
Plasma-generated compounds (PGCs) such as plasma-processed air (PPA) or plasma-treated water (PTW) offer an increasingly important alternative for the treatment of microorganisms in hard-to-reach areas found in several industrial applications including the food industry. To this end, we studied the antimicrobial capacity of plasma-treated water on the vitality and biolm formation of Listeria monocytogenes, a common food spoilage microorganism. Using a microwave plasma (MidiPLexc), 10 ml of deionized water was treated for 100 s, 300 s and 900 s (pretreatment time) and the bacterial biolm was subsequently exposed to the PTW for 1 min, 3 min and 5 min (posttreatment …
Comparing Passenger Satisfaction, Employees’ Perspective And Performance On Quality And Safety Indicators: A Field Study, Luca D’Alonzo, Maria Chiara Leva, Edgardo Bucciarelli
Comparing Passenger Satisfaction, Employees’ Perspective And Performance On Quality And Safety Indicators: A Field Study, Luca D’Alonzo, Maria Chiara Leva, Edgardo Bucciarelli
Articles
This paper aims to analyze the impact that different attributes related to a Regional Airport service and the socio-economic factors of the passengers have on the passenger’s overall satisfaction. The study also compared passenger and employee satisfaction in relation to the service offered by the airport, to identify possible critical areas of improvement. An Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR) approach was used to model how the attributes considered for qualifying airport services and the socio-economic variables impact the predicted variable (i.e., passenger satisfaction). Furthermore, the results were triangulated to include quality and safety performance indicators as an objective anchor point for …
Computational Solutions Based On Bayesian Networks To Hierarchize And To Predict Factors Influencing Gender Fairness In The Transport System: Four Use Cases, Gemma Dolores Molero, Sara Poveda-Reyes, Ashwani Kumar Malviya Ashwani Kumar Malviya, Elena García-Jiménez, Maria Chiara Leva, Francisco Enrique Santarremigia
Computational Solutions Based On Bayesian Networks To Hierarchize And To Predict Factors Influencing Gender Fairness In The Transport System: Four Use Cases, Gemma Dolores Molero, Sara Poveda-Reyes, Ashwani Kumar Malviya Ashwani Kumar Malviya, Elena García-Jiménez, Maria Chiara Leva, Francisco Enrique Santarremigia
Articles
: Previous studies have highlighted inequalities and gender differences in the transport system. Some factors or fairness characteristics (FCs) strongly influence gender fairness in the transport system. The difference with previous studies, which focus on general concepts, is the incorporation of level 3 FCs, which are more detailed aspects or measures that can be implemented by companies or infrastructure managers and operators in order to increase fairness and inclusion in each use case. The aim of this paper is to find computational solutions, Bayesian networks, and analytic hierarchy processes capable of hierarchizing level 3 FCs and to predict by simulation …
Cold Plasma For Insect Pest Control: Tribolium Castaneum Mortality And Defense Mechanisms In Response To Treatment, Dana Ziuzina, Robin Van Cleynenbreugel, Paula Bourke
Cold Plasma For Insect Pest Control: Tribolium Castaneum Mortality And Defense Mechanisms In Response To Treatment, Dana Ziuzina, Robin Van Cleynenbreugel, Paula Bourke
Articles
The insecticidal properties and mechanisms of high-voltage air-based atmospheric cold plasma using a contained dielectric barrier discharge reactor were investigated against Tribolium castaneum as an important bio-contaminant in stored grains spoilage. The mortality of 95.0%–100% for preadult stages can be achieved within seconds of treatment, but longer plasma exposure (5 min) is required to kill adult insects. Cold plasma treatment reduces both the respiration rate and the weight of insects and affects the levels of oxidative stress markers in adult populations. Sufficient toxicity is achievable through plasma process control in air to address the range of insect lifecycle stages that …
Doctors Can’T Be Doctors All Of The Time: A Qualitative Study Of How General Practitioners And Medical Students Negotiate Public-Professional And Private-Personal Realms Using Social Media, Megan Marshall, Vikram Niranjan, Eimear Spain, Joe Macdonagh, Jane O'Doherty, Raymond O'Connor, Andrew O'Regan
Doctors Can’T Be Doctors All Of The Time: A Qualitative Study Of How General Practitioners And Medical Students Negotiate Public-Professional And Private-Personal Realms Using Social Media, Megan Marshall, Vikram Niranjan, Eimear Spain, Joe Macdonagh, Jane O'Doherty, Raymond O'Connor, Andrew O'Regan
Articles
The objective of this study is to explore the experiences and perspectives of general practitioners’ and medical students’ use of, and behaviour on, social media and to understand how they negotiate threats to professional and personal life on social media.
Mortality Risk Attributable To Wildfire-Related Pm2·5 Pollution: A Global Time Series Study In 749 Locations, Gongbo Chen, Yuming Guo, Xu Yue, Shilu Tong, Antonio Gasparrini Antonio Gasparrini, Michelle L. Bell, Joel Schwartz, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Antonella Zanobetti, Eric Lavigne, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Haidong Kan, Dominic Royé, Ai Milojevic, Ala Overcenco, Aleš Urban, Alexandra Schneider, Alireza Entezari, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Ariana Zeka, Aurelio Tobias, Baltazar Nunes, Barrak Alahmad, Bertil Forsberg, Shih-Chun Pan, Carmen Íñiguez, Caroline Ameling, César De La Cruz Valencia, Christofer Åström, Danny Houthuijs, Do Van Dung, Evangelia Samoli, Fatemeh Mayvaneh, Francesco Sera, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Yadong Lei, Hans Orru, Ho Kim, Iulian-Horia Holobaca, Jan Kyselý, João Paulo Teixeira, Joana Madureira, Klea Katsouyanni, Magali Hurtado-Díaz, Marek Maasikmets, Martina S Ragettli, Masahiro Hashizume, Massimo Stafoggia, Mathilde Pascal, Matteo Scortichini, Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho, Nicolás Valdés Ortega, Niilo R I Ryti, Noah Scovronick, Patricia Matus, Patrick J. Goodman, Rebecca M Garland, Rosana Abrutzky, Samuel Osorio Garcia, Shilpa Rao, Simona Fratianni, Tran Ngoc Dang, Valentina Colistro, Veronika Huber, Whanhee Lee, Xerxes Seposo, Yasushi Honda, Yue Leon Guo, Tingting Ye, Wenhua Yu, Michael J. Abramson, Jonathan M. Samet, Shanshan Li
Mortality Risk Attributable To Wildfire-Related Pm2·5 Pollution: A Global Time Series Study In 749 Locations, Gongbo Chen, Yuming Guo, Xu Yue, Shilu Tong, Antonio Gasparrini Antonio Gasparrini, Michelle L. Bell, Joel Schwartz, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Antonella Zanobetti, Eric Lavigne, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Haidong Kan, Dominic Royé, Ai Milojevic, Ala Overcenco, Aleš Urban, Alexandra Schneider, Alireza Entezari, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Ariana Zeka, Aurelio Tobias, Baltazar Nunes, Barrak Alahmad, Bertil Forsberg, Shih-Chun Pan, Carmen Íñiguez, Caroline Ameling, César De La Cruz Valencia, Christofer Åström, Danny Houthuijs, Do Van Dung, Evangelia Samoli, Fatemeh Mayvaneh, Francesco Sera, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Yadong Lei, Hans Orru, Ho Kim, Iulian-Horia Holobaca, Jan Kyselý, João Paulo Teixeira, Joana Madureira, Klea Katsouyanni, Magali Hurtado-Díaz, Marek Maasikmets, Martina S Ragettli, Masahiro Hashizume, Massimo Stafoggia, Mathilde Pascal, Matteo Scortichini, Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho, Nicolás Valdés Ortega, Niilo R I Ryti, Noah Scovronick, Patricia Matus, Patrick J. Goodman, Rebecca M Garland, Rosana Abrutzky, Samuel Osorio Garcia, Shilpa Rao, Simona Fratianni, Tran Ngoc Dang, Valentina Colistro, Veronika Huber, Whanhee Lee, Xerxes Seposo, Yasushi Honda, Yue Leon Guo, Tingting Ye, Wenhua Yu, Michael J. Abramson, Jonathan M. Samet, Shanshan Li
Articles
Many regions of the world are now facing more frequent and unprecedentedly large wildfires. However, the association between wildfire-related PM2·5 and mortality has not been well characterised. We aimed to comprehensively assess the association between short-term exposure to wildfire-related PM2·5 and mortality across various regions of the world.
Plasma-Treated Water Affects Listeria Monocytogenes Vitality And Biofilm Structure, Oliver Handorf
Plasma-Treated Water Affects Listeria Monocytogenes Vitality And Biofilm Structure, Oliver Handorf
Articles
Plasma-generated compounds (PGCs) such as plasma-processed air (PPA) or plasma-treated water (PTW) offer an increasingly important alternative for the control of microorganisms in hard-to-reach areas found in several industrial applications including the food industry. To this end, we studied the antimicrobial capacity of PTW on the vitality and biofilm formation of Listeria monocytogenes, a common foodborne pathogen.
Food Contact Surfaces: Challenges, Legislation And Solutions, Shubham Sharma, Amit Jaiswal, Brendan Duffy, Swarna Jaiswal
Food Contact Surfaces: Challenges, Legislation And Solutions, Shubham Sharma, Amit Jaiswal, Brendan Duffy, Swarna Jaiswal
Articles
Food contact surfaces (FCSs) include all surfaces that may come in contact with the food during production, processing, and packaging. Food processing industries encounter several challenges due to its microbial interaction with the FCSs, such as cross-contamination of pathogenic microorganisms or allergens in food, formation of biofilm, biodeterioration of food contact surface leads to food with reduced shelf-life and quality. A legal EU framework provides the fundamental postulates for the safety and inertness of all Food Contact Materials (FCMs). Legislations have an important role in providing regulatory guidance on the quality assurance systems and verifying their implementation as a means …
Is There A Delaware Effect For Controlled Firms?, Edward Fox
Is There A Delaware Effect For Controlled Firms?, Edward Fox
Articles
The impact of Delaware incorporation on firm value remains a central question in corporate law. Despite the difficulty scholars have had in agreeing on an answer to this question, there is a consensus that Delaware has long enjoyed stable and important advantages in the expertise of its judiciary and its extensive case law. These advantages are believed to be particularly important for firms with a controlling shareholder. This Article attempts to empirically measure the effect of Delaware incorporation on these controlled firms and thus helps us understand the market value of Delaware’s judiciary and case law. It finds, surprisingly, that …
Effect Of Mutation And Vaccination On Spread, Severity, And Mortality Of Covid-19 Disease, Dr Hossam Zawbaa, Hasnaa Osama, Ahmed El‐Gendy, Haitham Saeed, Hadeer S. Harb, Yasmin M. Madney, Mona Abdelrahman, Marwa Mohsen, Ahmed M.A. Ali, Mina Nicola, Marwa O. Elgendy, Ihab A. Ibrahim, Mohamed E.A. Abdelrahim
Effect Of Mutation And Vaccination On Spread, Severity, And Mortality Of Covid-19 Disease, Dr Hossam Zawbaa, Hasnaa Osama, Ahmed El‐Gendy, Haitham Saeed, Hadeer S. Harb, Yasmin M. Madney, Mona Abdelrahman, Marwa Mohsen, Ahmed M.A. Ali, Mina Nicola, Marwa O. Elgendy, Ihab A. Ibrahim, Mohamed E.A. Abdelrahim
Articles
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had different waves within the same country. The spread rate and severity showed different properties within the COVID-19 different waves. The present work aims to compare the spread and the severity of the different waves using the available data of confirmed COVID-19 cases and death cases. Real-data sets collected from the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science were used to perform a comparative study between COVID-19 different waves in 12 countries with the highest total performed tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection in the world (Italy, Brazil, Japan, Germany, Spain, India, …
Evaluation Of Postoperative Refractive Error Correction After Cataract Surgery, Ellen Konadu Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel Owusu, Emmanuel Kobia-Acquah, Emmanuella Esi Dadzie, Emmanuel Anarfi, Seth Wanye
Evaluation Of Postoperative Refractive Error Correction After Cataract Surgery, Ellen Konadu Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel Owusu, Emmanuel Kobia-Acquah, Emmanuella Esi Dadzie, Emmanuel Anarfi, Seth Wanye
Articles
Suboptimal cataract surgery outcomes remain a challenge in most developing countries. In Ghana, about 2 million people have been reported to be blind due to cataract with about 20% new cases being recorded yearly. The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative correction of refractive errors after cataract surgery in a selected eye hospital in Ashanti Region, Ghana. This was a retrospective study where medical records of patients (aged 40–100) who reported to an eye hospital in Ghana from 2013–2018 were reviewed. Included in the study were patients aged ≥40 years and patients with complete records. Data on patient …
Let Knowledge Make Recommendations For You, Zhiixue Jiang, Chengying Chi, Yun Yun Zhan
Let Knowledge Make Recommendations For You, Zhiixue Jiang, Chengying Chi, Yun Yun Zhan
Articles
The knowledge graph can make more accurate personalized recommendations for the recommendation system, but it is also interpretative and has traces to follow. The purpose of the recommendation system is to recommend a series of unobserved items for users. At present, recommendation systems based on knowledge graphs are mainly implemented in two ways: Embedding-based and path based. Embedding methods usually directly use information from the knowledge graph to enrich the representation of an item or user. Still, it failed to introduce multi-hop relations, and it is challenging to use semantic network information. A path-based recommendation algorithm utilizes the knowledge graph …
Above And Beyond: Ethics And Responsibility In Civil Engineering, Shannon Chance, Rob Lawlor, Inês Direito Direito, John Mitchell
Above And Beyond: Ethics And Responsibility In Civil Engineering, Shannon Chance, Rob Lawlor, Inês Direito Direito, John Mitchell
Articles
This exploratory study investigates how nine London-based civil engineers have enacted ‘global responsibility’ and how their efforts involve ethics and professionalism. The study assesses moral philosophies related to ethics, as well as professional engineering bodies’ visions, accreditation standards, and requirements for continuing professional development. Regarding ethics, the study questions where the line falls between what an engineer ‘must do’ and what ‘would be good to do’. Although the term ethics did not spring to mind when participants were asked about making decisions related to global responsibility, participants’ concern for protecting the environment and making life better for people did, nonetheless, …
The Pure Theory Of Law Is A Hole In The Ozone Layer, Peter Goodrich
The Pure Theory Of Law Is A Hole In The Ozone Layer, Peter Goodrich
Articles
The article critiques the Pure Theory of Law, arguing that it is inadequate and detached from the dynamic and creative aspects of legal practice. The author advocates for a reimagined legal theory that integrates critical perspectives, embodiment, and a connection to the natural world, emphasizing the need for adaptability and responsiveness over static dogma.
New Means Of Financing Tort Lawsuits And Law Firms: Presentation Of Professor Anthony Sebok, Anthony J. Sebok
New Means Of Financing Tort Lawsuits And Law Firms: Presentation Of Professor Anthony Sebok, Anthony J. Sebok
Articles
The article explores the role of third-party financing in litigation, focusing on its historical development, ethical implications, and modern applications in addressing the challenges of negative value claims in mass torts and consumer litigation. It examines various forms of third-party support, including assignment, maintenance, champerty, and factoring, and evaluates their potential to facilitate access to justice while raising important legal and ethical considerations.
Mdl Drano: Rule 23-Based Solutions To Mass Tort Buildup, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman
Mdl Drano: Rule 23-Based Solutions To Mass Tort Buildup, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman
Articles
It has been taken as gospel, over the past quarter century, that class action procedures are unavailable in mass tort cases. This Article examines two distinct challenges to that assumption-one resting on Rule 23(c)(4)'s issue class procedure and the other on an innovation advanced by Francis McGovern, in whose honor this Article and symposium are dedicated.
The Issue Class Revolution, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman
The Issue Class Revolution, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman
Articles
In 2013, four Supreme Court Justices dissented from the decision in Comcast Corp. v. Behrend, which established heightened requirements for the certification of damages class actions. In a seemingly offhanded footnote, these dissenters observed that district courts could avoid the individualized inquiries that increasingly doom damages classes by certifying a class under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(c)(4) on liability issues only and "leaving individual damages calculations to subsequent proceedings." The dissenters were onto something big. In fact, the issue class and follow-on damages model has broad potential to restore the efficacy of aggregate litigation across several substantive areas …
Police Prosecutions And Punitive Instincts, Kate Levine
Police Prosecutions And Punitive Instincts, Kate Levine
Articles
This Article makes two contributions to the fields of policing and criminal legal scholarship. First, it sounds a cautionary note about the use of individual prosecutions to remedy police brutality. It argues that the calls for ways to ease the path to more police prosecutions from legal scholars, reformers, and advocates who, at the same time, advocate for a dramatic reduction of the criminal legal system’s footprint, are deeply problematic. It shows that police prosecutions legitimize the criminal legal system while at the same time displaying the same racism and ineffectiveness that have been shown to pervade our prison-backed criminal …
The Rise Of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations: Opportunities And Challenges, Aaron J. Wright
The Rise Of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations: Opportunities And Challenges, Aaron J. Wright
Articles
The article explores the rise of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), highlighting their potential to transform traditional organizational structures through blockchain technology and smart contracts. DAOs offer operational efficiencies, such as decentralized governance and transparent decision-making, but face significant legal challenges, including lack of recognition, liability concerns, and regulatory uncertainties. The article argues that U.S. business law, with its emphasis on private ordering, could accommodate DAOs, but legal adaptations are necessary to address their unique characteristics and ensure widespread adoption.
Entitlement To Punishment, Kyron J. Huigens
Entitlement To Punishment, Kyron J. Huigens
Articles
This Article advances the idea of entitlement to punishment as the core of a normative theory of legal punishment's moral justification. It presents an alternative to normative theories of punishment premised on desert or public welfare; that is, to retributivism and consequentialism. The argument relies on H.L.A. Hart's theory of criminal law as a "choosing system," his theory of legal rules, and his theory of rights. It posits the advancement of positive freedom as a morally justifying function of legal punishment.
An entitlement to punishment is a unique, distinctive legal relation. We impose punishment when an offender initiates an ordered …
Majestic Law And The Subjective Stop, Kyron J. Huigens
Majestic Law And The Subjective Stop, Kyron J. Huigens
Articles
Justice John Paul Stevens subscribed to "a majestic conception" of the Constitution. This Article articulates and defends that vision. Majestic law and legal reasoning characteristically involve frank moral reasoning, such as one finds in the Eighth Amendment's "evolving standards of decency" test for proportionate punishment, or in Due Process formulations such as an appeal to "immutable principles of justice, which inhere in the very idea of free government." Majestic law employs moral values, norms, and judgments in legal reasoning, taking them on their own terms. Majestic legal reasoning does not weigh revealed preferences for decency, for example. It asks whether …
Stripped Of Funds, Stripped Of Rights: A Critique Of Guardianship As A Remedy For Elder Financial Harm, Rebekah Diller, Leslie Salzman
Stripped Of Funds, Stripped Of Rights: A Critique Of Guardianship As A Remedy For Elder Financial Harm, Rebekah Diller, Leslie Salzman
Articles
There is a growing consensus in the United States and abroad recognizing the right to “legal capacity”—the right to make legally binding decisions for oneself—as a basic human right. Despite this recognition, adult guardianship—the state court procedure by which a person is declared incapacitated and stripped of decision-making rights—remains a widely used tool, particularly for older adults who have suffered financial exploitation or loss. For this population, guardianship is considered an unpleasant yet necessary remedy to address their financial harms. But what if the cure does not really work as intended, while other, less intrusive means could prevent and redress …
Counterterrorism 2.0, Deborah Pearlstein
Counterterrorism 2.0, Deborah Pearlstein
Articles
Are there any lessons to be gleaned for combatting the rising threat of white nationalist terrorism today from the U.S. response to the attacks of 9/11 twenty years on? This symposium reflection suggests that among the most important lessons may be in avoiding the conceptually defining characteristics of the early U.S. response in 2001. Detainee torture and abuse, the embrace of trial by newly formed military commission, and other misguided policies and practices whose effects are still felt today were set in motion in the first few weeks after the attacks, driven by the instinct to do something, bolstered by …