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Nonlinear Two-Dimensional Water Waves With Arbitrary Vorticity, Delia Ionescu-Kruse, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

We consider the two-dimensional water-wave problem with a general non-zero vorticity field in a fluid volume with a flat bed and a free surface. The nonlinear equations of motion for the chosen surface and volume variables are expressed with the aid of the Dirichlet-Neumann operator and the Green function of the Laplace operator in the fluid domain. Moreover, we provide new explicit expressions for both objects. The field of a point vortex and its interaction with the free surface is studied as an example. In the small-amplitude long-wave Boussinesq and KdV regimes, we obtain appropriate systems of coupled equations for …

Enhancing Control Room Operator Decision Making: An Application Of Dynamic Influence Diagrams In Formaldehyde Manufacturing, Joseph Mietkiewicz, Anders L. Madsen

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Intoday’s rapidly evolving industrial landscape, control room operators must grapple with an ever-growing array of tasks and respon sibilities. One major challenge facing these operators is the potential for task overload, which can lead to decision fatigue and increased reliance on cognitive biases. To address this issue, we propose the use of dynamic influence diagrams (DID) as the core of our decision support system. By monitoring the process over time and identifying anomalies, DIDs can recommend the most effective course of action based on a probabilistic assessment of future outcomes. Instead of letting the operator choose or search for the …

Series-Fed Omnidirectional Mm-Wave Dipole Array, Neeraj Kumar Maurya, Max Ammann, Patrick Mcevoy

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THE rapid expansion in the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency domain has completely changed the course of wireless communication. One of the most important steps to make smart cities, the Internet-of-Things (IoT), smart homes, and vehicular communication a reality is to use mm-wave frequencies for wireless applications. The rise in the number of wireless appliances has also led to a rise in data traffic [1]. The adoption of mm-wave frequencies enabled several gigahertz of bandwidth, allowing data rate and latency limits to be exceeded. The availability of a broad electromagnetic spectrum and frequency reusability are the most important characteristics of mm-wave deployment …

Watchdogs Of The Economy: The Development Of Irish Economics Profession’S Independent Voice, Joseph K. Fitzgerald, Brendan O'Rourke

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Histories of the development of professions show a profession’s relationship with the state as key to its authority. Yet professions, to gain technocratic authority, also strive to depoliticise their discourses to gain technocratic authority. This dilemmatic tension is particularly true for the economics profession. The historical development of the Irish economics provides an interesting case, where a complicated relationship with the state ultimately strengthened the profession within a society. An initial formalisation trajectory of Irish economics was thrown off course by the formation of an independent Irish state in the 1920s. This marked a period of isolation for the profession …

Understanding The Interplay Between Immigrant Nascent Entrepreneurship And Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Lucia Walsh, Thomas M. Cooney

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Purpose – All entrepreneurs face challenges during their venture start-up process, but immigrant entrepreneurs face additional and distinctive challenges due to their contextual newness. This paper focuses on understanding the intertwined journeys of nascent entrepreneurship and cross-cultural adaptation of immigrants in a small Western European country where immigrant entrepreneurship is still a relatively new phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach – The induction-driven, 18-month longitudinal empirical inquiry focused on six early-stage nascent entrepreneurs. Qualitative methods included participant observation during an enterprise program, qualitative interviews and ongoing informal communication.

Findings – The data uncovered the interplay between the nascent immigrant entrepreneurship and crosscultural adaptation. This …

Workplace Accident Analysis In The Algerian Oil And Gas Industry, Hamza Zerrouki

Articles

A total of 42,032 workplace accidents were reported in 2021 by the Algerian National Social Insurance Fund for Salaried Workers in Algeria, of which 38,225 were accidents within the workplace and 3807 were related to traffic accidents or other reasons. Most of these accidents were recorded in the building and construction field, followed by the oil and gas company exploration and drilling, which comes at the forefront of the Sonatrach company. This study aims to analyze accidents in the workplace using quantitative and qualitative methods to determine the corresponding causes. Our study was carried out in collaboration with Sonatrach in …

Religious Liberty For All? A Religious Right To Abortion, Caroline Mala Corbin

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One of the most notable trends in recent Supreme Court jurisprudence is the expansion of religious liberty rights. The right to practice one's faith is a core feature of a democracy, but the Supreme Court has privileged that right over other equally critical ones, most notably the right to equal treatment. Thus, for example, the Court has held that for-profit companies have a religious right to exclude contraception from their health insurance plans and that nonprofit charities have a religious right to refuse to place foster children with same-sex couples. In these and similar cases, the religious beliefs aligned with …

Constructing The ‘Public Interest’: (De)Legitimizing The Acquisition Of Aer Lingus By Iag, Joseph K. Fitzgerald

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This article assesses how the ‘Public Interest’ was used to (de)legitimize the acquisition of a national airline. It does this by adopting a case study approach that analyses the acquisition of Aer Lingus by International Consolidated Airlines Group (IAG). This acquisition is part of a broader trend of international consolidation that the aviation industry has experienced in recent years. The article also critiques whether the ‘Public Interest’ was constructed on valid grounds. Its analysis found that the public interest was constructed as the continuance of routes between Irish airports and London Heathrow as a means for Ireland to maintain international …

Entrepreneurial Competencies In Action: Online Fundraising Initiatives By University Students, Thomas M. Cooney, Martina Brophy

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It has been argued that entrepreneurship educators are inclined to let students learn in a safe controlled environment, with no pressure except to pass the module. Students working in groups of three were given 12 weeks (Target 1) to develop a fundraising initiative, work with various stakeholders, and execute their online fundraising initiative to meet a target goal of €2000 (Target 2) per group. Employing approaches such as Effectuation, Lean Start-Up and the Business Model Canvas, a self-directed learning approach ensured students were able to take ownership of their learning journey with the lecturer acting as coach or facilitator. The …

Evaluation Of Selenomethionine Entrapped In Nanoparticles For Oral Supplementation Using In Vitro, Ex Vivo And In Vivo Models, Shane Forde, Giuliana Vozza, David J. Brayden, Jesus Maria Frias, Sinead M. Ryan

Articles

Selenium methionine (Se Met) is an essential micronutrient required for normal body function and is associated with additional health benefits. However, oral administration of Se Met can be challenging due to its purported narrow therapeutic index, low oral bioavailability, and high susceptibility to oxidation. To address these issues, Se Met was entrapped in z e i n-coated nanoparticles made from chitosan using an ionic gelation formulation. The high stability of both the Se Met and s e l e n o methionine nanoparticles (Se Met-NPs) was established using cultured human intestinal and liver epithelial cells, rat liver homogenates, and rat …

The Role Of Smoking In Covid-19 Progression: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, Silvano Gallus, Marco Scala, Irene Possenti, Carlotta Micaela Jarach, Luke Clancy, Esteve Fernandez, Giuseppe Gorini, Giulia Carreras, Maria Chiara Malevolti, Alison Commar, Ranti Fayokun, Hebe N. Gouda, Vinayak M. Prasad, Alessandra Lugo

Articles

The association between current smoking and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression remains uncertain. We aim to provide up-to-date evidence of the role of cigarette smoking in COVID-19 hospitalisation, severity and mortality. On 23 February 2022 we conducted an umbrella review and a traditional systematic review via PubMed/Medline and Web of Science. We used random-effects meta-analyses to derive pooled odds ratios of COVID-19 outcomes for smokers in cohorts of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infected individuals or COVID-19 patients. We followed the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines. PROSPERO: CRD42020207003. 320 publications were included. The pooled odds ratio …

On The Modelling Of Short And Intermediate Water Waves, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

Most of the model equations for water waves are approximations for the long-wave propagation regimes, since most of the energy of the wave motion is concentrated in these waves. Long waves (or shallow-water waves) are defined usually as the depth to wavelength ratio δ = h/λ < 0.05. Several famous integrable nonlinear equations, like the K d V equation [1,2], are models for long waves of small amplitude. The short waves (or waves over deep water) are usually defined with δ > 0.5, and the intermediate waves (or transitional waves) - with 0.05 < δ < 0.5. The intermediate and short waves received a lot less attention, and one reason is perhaps the fact that the corresponding approximations lead to more complicated, nonlinear and nonlocal equations. In [3] an integral equation for surface waves has been proposed for arbitrary wavelengths and finite depth. The problem has been studied in [4] and model equations both for long and short waves are derived from the governing equations as well. The short-wave effects usually compete with the capillarity effects and then resonances can be observed — these have been studied quite a lot, see for example [5–12]. For the intermediate long waves or for waves on deep water the so-called Benjamin–Ono (BO) [13–15] and the Intermediate Long Wave Equation (ILWE) [16–18] are derived for the internal waves below a flat surface, which leads to some simplifications and these models are in fact integrable.

The Lagrangian Formulation For Wave Motion With A Shear Current And Surface Tension, Conor Curtin, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

The Lagrangian formulation for the irrotational wave motion is straightforward and follows from a Lagrangian functional which is the difference between the kinetic and the potential energy of the system. In the case of fluid with constant vorticity, which arises for example when a shear current is present, the separation of the energy into kinetic and potential is not at all obvious and neither is the Lagrangian formulation of the problem. Nevertheless, we use the known Hamiltonian formulation of the problem in this case to obtain the Lagrangian density function, and utilising the Euler-Lagrange equations we proceed to derive some …

Portable Hepa Filtration Successfully Augments Natural-Ventilation-Mediated Airborne Particle Clearance In A Legacy Design Hospital Ward, Mehael Fennelly, S. Hellebust, J. Wenger, D. O'Connor, G.W. Griffith, B.J. Plant, A.P.C. Microbiome Institute

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As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic has proceeded, ventilation has been recognized increasingly as an important tool in infection control. Many hospitals in Ireland and the UK do not have mechanical ventilation and depend on natural ventilation. The effectiveness of natural ventilation varies with atmospheric conditions and building design. In a challenge test of a legacy design ward, this study showed that portable air filtration significantly increased the clearance of pollutant aerosols of respirable size compared with natural ventilation, and reduced spatial variation in particle persistence. A combination of natural ventilation and portable air filtration is significantly more …

The Biological Responses Of Vitamin K2: A Comprehensive Review, Quanxiang Yan, Tao Zhang, Christine O'Connor, James W. Barlow, John Walsh, Gaia Scalabrino, Feng Xu, Helan Sheridan

Articles

Vitamin K1 (VitK1) and Vitamin K2 (VitK2), two important naturally occurring micronutrients in the VitK family, found, respectively, in green leafy plants and algae (VitK1) and animal and fermented foods (VitK2). The present review explores the multiple biological functions of VitK2 from recently published in vitro and in vivo studies, including promotion of osteogenesis, prevention of calcification, relief of menopausal symptoms, enhancement of mitochondrial energy release, hepato-and neuro-protective effects, and possible use in treatment of coronavirus disease. The mechanisms of action associated with these biological effects are also explored. Overall, the findings presented here suggest that VitK, especially VitK2, is …

Effect Of Process Variables And Ingredients On Controlled Protein Network Creation In High-Moisture Plant-Based Meat Alternatives, Animesh Singh Sengar, Michael Beyrer, Ciara Mcdonagh, Uma Tiwari, Shivani Pathania

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The market has observed a rapid increase in the demand for plant-based foods as an alternative to animal meat products. Technologies such as high-moisture extrusion (HME) have the potential to develop anisotropic structures using alternative protein ingredients. This article discusses the different possible mechanisms responsible for structure formation and the effect of extrusion process parameters and outlines the recent advances in the long cooling dies (LCDs) used for meat alternative development. The role of different protein ingredients and the impact of combining them with other biopolymers were also evaluated. The underlying mechanism behind anisotropic structure formation during HME is a …

Subnetwork Ensembling And Data Augmentation: Effects On Calibration, A. Çağrı Demir, Simon Caton, Pierpaolo Dondio

Articles

Deep Learning models based on convolutional neural networks are known to be uncalibrated, that is, they are either overconfident or underconfident in their predictions. Safety-critical applications of neural networks, however, require models to be well-calibrated, and there are various methods in the literature to increase model performance and calibration. Subnetwork ensembling is based on the over-parametrization of modern neural networks by fitting several subnetworks into a single network to take advantage of ensembling them without additional computational costs. Data augmentation methods have also been shown to enhance model performance in terms of accuracy and calibration. However, ensembling and data augmentation …

Explaining Deep Q-Learning Experience Replay With Shapley Additive Explanations, Robert S. Sullivan, Luca Longo

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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown promise in optimizing complex control and decision-making processes but Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) lacks interpretability, limiting its adoption in regulated sectors like manufacturing, finance, and healthcare. Difficulties arise from DRL's opaque decision-making, hindering efficiency and resource use, this issue is amplified with every advancement. While many seek to move from Experience Replay to A3C, the latter demands more resources. Despite efforts to improve Experience Replay selection strategies, there is a tendency to keep the capacity high. We investigate training a Deep Convolutional Q-learning agent across 20 Atari games intentionally reducing Experience Replay capacity from (Formula …

Gated Deep Reinforcement Learning With Red Deer Optimization For Medical Image Classification, Narayanan Ganesh, Sambandan Jayalakshmi, Rama Chandran Narayanan, Miroslav Mahdal, Hossam Zawbaa, Ali Wagdy Mohamed

Articles

The brain is one of the most important and complex organs in the body, consisting of billions of individual cells. Uncontrolled growth and expansion of aberrant cell populations within or around the brain are the main causes of brain tumors. These cells have the potential to harm healthy cells and impair brain function [1]. Tumors can be detected using medical imaging techniques, which are considered the most popular and accurate way to classify different types of cancer, and this procedure is even more crucial as it is noninvasive [2]. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one such medical imaging technique that …

Considerations For Scaling A Social Enterprise: Key Factors And Elements, Clodagh O'Reilly, Lucia Walsh, Ziene Mottiar

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No abstract provided.

Systematic Review Of Clinical Practice Guidelines For Uveitis, Nima Ghadiri, Ian R. Reekie, Iris Gordon, Sare Safi, Gareth Lingham, Jennifer R. Evans, Stuart Keel

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To facilitate the integration of eye care into universal health coverage, the WHO is developing a Package of Eye Care Interventions (PECI). Development of the PECI involves the identification of evidence-based interventions from relevant clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for uveitis.

A systematic review of CPGs published on uveitis between 2010 and March 2020 was conducted. CPGs passing title and abstract and full-text screening were evaluated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool and data on recommended interventions extracted using a standard data extraction sheet.

Mapping And Mobilizing Legal Criticalities: Making The Move From Diaspora To Collective Or Legal Scholars Making A Difference As Culture Warriors, Francisco Valdes

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No abstract provided.

The Exoskeleton Of Environmental Law: Why The Breadth, Depth And Longevity Of Environmental Law Matters For Judicial Review, Sanne H. Knudsen

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Environmental law is pragmatic, inevitable, and intentional. In the aggregate, the numerous federal environmental statutes are not simply a patchwork of ad hoc responses or momentary political breakthroughs to isolated public health problems and resource concerns. Together, they are a group of repeated, legislatively-backed commitments to embrace self-restraint for self-preservation.

Self-restraint and discipline are the essence of environmental law. Indeed, if one studies the patterns and repeated choices in environmental law 's many statutory texts, one can start to appreciate environmental law 's indispensable role in society: it serves as an enduring "exoskeleton," a sort of protective armor created over …

Blockchain Games And A Disruptive Corporate Business Model, Xuan-Thao Nguyen

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This Article is the first to identify and theorize on a new disruptive corporate business model unfolding in the gaming industry that is larger than both the movie and music sectors combined. Corporations in blockchain gaming reject the old paradigm of amassing profits by turning the public into spenders for and consumers of corporate products. The new corporate business model transforms members of the public into producers and true owners of new corporate property while earning income and garnering governance voting rights. Through a case study of Axie Infinity, a blockchain game launched in 2021, this Article explores how the …

Giving Shareholders The Right To Say No, Albert H. Choi, Adam C. Pritchard

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When a public company releases misleading information that distorts the market for the company’s stock, investors who purchase at the inflated price lose money when (and if) the misleading information is later corrected. Under Rule 10b‑5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, investors can seek compensation from corporations and their officers who make materially misleading statements that the investors relied on when buying or selling a security. Compensation is the obvious goal, but the threat of lawsuits can also benefit investors by deterring managers from committing fraud.

Congress's Anti-Removal Power, Christopher J. Walker, Aaron Nielson

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Statutory restrictions on presidential removal of agency leadership enable agencies to act independently from the White House. Yet since 2020, the U.S. Supreme Court has held two times that such restrictions are unconstitutional precisely because they prevent the President from controlling policymaking within the executive branch. Recognizing that a supermajority of the Justices now appears to reject or at least limit the principle from Humphrey’s Executor that Congress may prevent the President from removing agency officials based on policy disagreement, scholars increasingly predict that the Court will soon further weaken agency independence if not jettison it altogether.

This Article challenges …

Hierarchy, Race & Gender In Legal Scholarly Networks, Nicholson W. Price, Keerthana Nunna, Jonathan Tietz

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A potent myth of legal academic scholarship is that it is mostly meritocratic and mostly solitary. Reality is more complicated. In this Article, we plumb the networks of knowledge co-production in legal academia by analyzing the star footnotes that appear at the beginning of most law review articles. Acknowledgments paint a rich picture of both the currency of scholarly credit and the relationships among scholars. Building on others’ prior work characterizing the potent impact of hierarchy, race, and gender in legal academia more generally, we examine the patterns of scholarly networks and probe the effects of those factors. The landscape …

The Early Years Of Congress’S Anti-Removal Power, Aaron Nielson, Christopher J. Walker

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Judges and scholars have long debated whether the Constitution provides the President with a power to remove executive officials. The Constitution, however, undoubtedly gives Congress tools to discourage the President’s use of such power. Perhaps most notably, the Appointments Clause makes it more difficult for the President to remove principal officers—even those whose views are out of the step with the President’s—because the President cannot know whether the Senate will consent to a preferred replacement. This is an example of what we dub Congress’s anti-removal power: Even if the President can remove, a motivated Congress can discourage the President’s use …

Unprecedented Precedent And Original Originalism: How The Supreme Court’S Decision In Dobbs Threatens Privacy And Free Speech Rights, Leonard Niehoff

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The U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization has drawn considerable attention because of its reversal of Roe v. Wade and its rejection of a woman’s constitutional right to terminate her pregnancy. The Dobbs majority, and some of the concurring opinions, emphasized that the ruling was a narrow one. Nevertheless, there are reasons to think the influence of Dobbs may extend far beyond the specific constitutional issue the case addresses.

This article explains why Dobbs could have significant and unanticipated implications for the law of privacy and the law of free expression. I argue that two …

Dethroning Langdell, Beth H. Wilensky

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I come not to bury the case method. I come merely to dethrone it. While the case method’s monopolistic hold on the law school classroom has loosened somewhat in recent years, it is still the dominant approach to pedagogy in many law school classrooms—and especially in the first-year law student experience. That is also true of the case method’s traditional pedagogical partners, the Socratic method and the cold call: their dominance has declined somewhat, even while they still have remarkable staying power.

This Essay identifies one fault with our continued acquiescence to these pedagogical mainstays of law school classrooms: it …