Digital Commons Network^™

The Surveys That Broke Monopoly, Hans Zeisel

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No abstract provided.

Professor Delgado Replies Comments, Richard Delgado

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No abstract provided.

Can Science Be Inopportune - Constitutional Validity Of Governmental Restrictions On Race-Iq Research, Richard Delgado, Sean Bradley, David Burkenroad, Ron Chavez

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No abstract provided.

Imperial Scholar: Reflections On A Review Of Civil Rights Literature Commentary, Richard Delgado

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No abstract provided.

The Natural Law Of Administrative Law, William H. Rodgers, Jr.

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Law teachers and researchers are inveterate seekers of metaphors. The metaphor, even if glib and obvious, invariably suggests further parallels and relationships, the conjoinder of phenomena. This is the road to uncovering unsuspected linkages and building simple descriptive models.

Theory building, in administrative law as elsewhere, begins with the capture and expression of the convincing metaphor. Extracting metaphors from the natural sciences to account for social happenings begins with a figure of speech and often ends there. Legislatures now are squeezing fat out of administrative agencies, an apt biological picture of a weight watcher's rigor being imposed on flabby, middle-aged …

The Coming Curtailment Of Compulsory Child Support, David L. Chambers

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Absent parents ought to contribute to the support of their minor children and states can appropriately invoke the force of law to compel them to do so. Stated so generally, even absent parents behind in their payments would probably agree. Since so many others agree as well, and since the numbers of single-parent children have mushroomed, systems of governmentally compelled support in this country have grown enormously. By the early part of the next century, if current laws remain in force and current population trends continue, most of America's children on any given day will be entitled to support from …

Teacher Structuring And Student Learning Style As Achievement Predictors, Samuel Haskell, Morton Isaacs

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No abstract provided.

Ways Of Criticizing The Court, Frank H. Easterbrook

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Critics have attacked Supreme Court decisions not only for their substance, but also for their structure and inconsistency. Professor Easterbrook responds to these critics by arguing, first, that the increasing caseload of the judiciary, coupled with the techniques of Supreme Court case selection, makes more fractured decisions inevitable. Second, Professor Easterbrook applies Arrow's Theorem to show that it is impossible for critics to demand consistent decisions from the Supreme Court without requiring it to sacrifice its essential institutional nature.

The Verdict Of Five Out Of Six Civil Jurors: Constitutional Problems, Hans Zeisel

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A criminal jury of fewer than 6 members and a jury in which 5 out of 6 can find a verdict were held unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court for failing to meet the requirements of due process as mandated by the Fourteenth Amendment. In four states-Michigan is one of them-the 5 out of 6jury is the standard civil jury. Two questions are raised: first, whether such a jury violates the Michigan state constitution; second, whether such a 5 out of 6 civil jury violates the federal Constitution even though the civil jury is not protected by the Fourteenth Amendment.

Words That Wound: A Tort Action For Racial Insults, Epithets, And Name-Calling, Richard Delgado

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One of the first articles to discuss the problem of hate speech Words That Wound discusses the harms of racist speech before proposing a new tort enabling its victims to recover damages from the utterer I later expanded the article into a book with Jean Stefancic Entitled Understanding Words That Wound the book covers a range of recent problems including hate speech on the Internet campus hate speech codes and child porn

Price Discrimination Law And Economic Efficiency, Edward H. Cooper

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The Clayton Act, as amended by the Robinson-Patman Act (15 U.S.C. § 13), undertakes to outlaw price "discrimination" upon proof of threatened injury to competition, and subject to specified defenses. Lawyers often bewail the fact that administration of this statute frequently fails to conform to an economist's notion of discrimination. For the most part, the complaints are addressed to the clear fact that, as drafted and interpreted, the statute wreaks unnecessary damage. In the name of protecting competition, competition and economic efficiency are often curtailed.

Beyond Sindell: Relaxation Of Cause-In-Fact Rules For Indeterminate Plaintiffs, Richard Delgado

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Discusses a doctrine the Sindell rule enabling plaintiffs to shift the burden of proof onto several defendants when all of them have exposed him or her to a risk which has eventuated but the plaintiff is uncertain which one is to blame for the injury Proposes extending this rule in the mirorimage case when an indeterminate plaintiff is one of several living in a locality who have suffered similar injuries some of which may be due to natural causes but others of which are known to be attributable to the defendant such as a polluter who has caused an increase …

Bottom Line Defense In Title Vii Actions: Supreme Court Rejection In Connecticut V. Teal And A Modified Approach, David Yellen

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Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employers from discriminating against job applicants or employees on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The statute proscribes both intentional discrimination and facially neutral selection devices that disproportionately exclude members of minority groups from certain jobs and are unrelated to job performance. Proponents of the "bottom line defense" argue that even where the plaintiff proves that a particular step in the hiring or promotion process disparately affects minorities, title VII is not violated if the employer demonstrates that the result of the entire selection process, the …

Testimonial Immunity And The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination: A Study In Isomorphism, Peter Lushing

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This Article accepts and will develop the Court's isomorphic theory of immunity and privilege, and will show why Portash is nonetheless correct in result. A case for a broadened view of the privilege, partially because of the availability of testimonial immunity, will be made. Apftlbaum will be shown to be incorrect in result. This Article will also analyze the problem of immunized testimony and perjury by inconsistent statement, a problem faced once by the Court but left unresolved. Finally, this Article will discuss the constitutional requirements of an immunity statute, and consider an immunity case presently pending before the Supreme …

Comments On Parfit, Donald H. Regan

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I will begin by saying that I am persuaded by most of Derek's claims and arguments. That may tend to make for rather uninteresting commentary, but I shall try to find something to say. I shall offer only one criticism of the main part of Derek's paper, and then I shall discuss at somewhat greater length the questions he raises in the last section of his paper. In the main body of the paper, Derek attempts to prove that if we accept what he calls the Complex View of personal identity, then we must abandon what he calls the Equal …

Free Speech Or Economic Weapon? The Persisting Problem Of Picketing, Theodore J. St. Antoine

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"Peaceful picketing," the United States Supreme Court has said, "is the workingman's means of communication."' One line of analysis is that, as a means of communication, picketing is free speech and is therefore entitled to every constitutional protection afforded other forms of expression. This means that it cannot be subjected to special restrictions, such as antiboycott curbs, simply because it is picketing. The opposing line of analysis is that picketing is not simply speech; it is "speech plus." The "plus" element removes picketing from the realm of pure speech and enables it to be regulated in ways that the Constitution …

Introduction, Douglas A. Kahn

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While the estate and gift tax area has by no means been ignored in the legal literature, it has not been one of the more popular subjects. For that reason, a symposium on transfer taxation would be welcome at any time, but this is an especially propitious moment for one to appear.

Building Theories Of Judicial Review In Natural Resources Law, William H. Rodgers, Jr.

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In the specialty of natural resources law, there is no reason to expect our tasks of description and prescription to be any easier. We deal, after all, with the allocation of scarce resources where there are winners and losers. This leads us quickly into substantive justice theories based on entitlements, needs, and deserts and process justice theories extending to each loser his due.

Justice theory is implemented through judicial review, and what courts do depends importantly upon behavioral assumptions about people, agencies of government, and empirical proof. The sources of these assumptions and evidence are often the sciences, and I …

Bringing People Back: Toward A Comprehensive Theory Of Taking In Natural Resources Law, William H. Rodgers, Jr.

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This Article attempts to bring people back into legal analysis by drawing upon behavioral preferences of human beings suggested by the laws of biology. Biological theory offers no all-encompassing explanations of legal outcomes, although it offers important, and much neglected, partial explanations.

That the law can be explained in this light suggests that courts have a view of human nature departing from the caricatures of much contemporary legal theory. We take as our setting an issue faced by each society in every era-property rights in natural resources.

Part I takes up the task of theory development by recanvassing property theory …

Two Categories Of Discriminatory Intent, Eric Schnapper

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This Article suggests that the Court's current confusion derives in part from its failure to distinguish between two categories of discriminatory intent, which may be termed goal discrimination and means discrimination. Goal discrimination involves the invidious consideration of race in the selection of the objective which a government policy seeks to achieve. Means discrimination occurs when there is an invidious consideration of race in selecting or weighing the method to be used in achieving that objective. Both forms of discrimination fall within the equal protection clause's prohibition against discriminatory government action, but they involve different circumstances and thus must be …

Faces Without Features: The Surface Validity Of Criminal Inferences, Peter Lushing

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The article critiques the Supreme Court's decision in County Court v. Allen, arguing that the Court's approach to evaluating instructed inferences in criminal cases undermines the integrity of the fact-finding process. The central concern is that the Court's methodology, which assesses inferences as applied rather than on their face, fails to address the potential irrationality of such inferences and the pressure they may exert on jurors to convict without thorough consideration of the evidence. The article advocates for a more rigorous standard to ensure the rationality and constitutionality of instructed inferences in criminal trials.

The Changing Plea Bargaining Debate, Albert Alschuler

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No abstract provided.

A Reply To Some Recent Criticisms Of The Efficiency Theory Of The Common Law, Richard A. Posner

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No abstract provided.

Social Science Hubris--A Review Of Lindblom And Cohen's Usable Knowledge Review Article, Hans Zeisel

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No abstract provided.

Juvenile Court Legislative Reform And The Serious Young Offender: Dismantling The "Rehabilitative Ideal", Barry C. Feld

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There are two principal mechanisms for transferring juvenile offenders to the adult criminal justice process. The most common mechanism is judicial waiver; the alternative is legislative waiver, i.e., the legislature redefines juvenile court jurisdiction to exclude from juvenile courts those youths charged with certain offenses. During 1980, the Minnesota Legislature actively reviewed the State's juvenile code and significantly modified several provisions focusing on the serious young offender, the certification process, and the interface between the juvenile and criminal courts in sentencing. Under the new legislation, the exclusively benevolent and rehabilitative purpose of the juvenile court remains only for children alleged …

Strategies For The Selection And Pursuit Of International Human Rights Objectives, David Weissbrodt

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No abstract provided.

Concurrence In Quotes: A Critical Assessment Of Chief Justice Burger's Objections To A Right To Treatment For The Involuntarily Confined Mentally Ill, Richard Delgado, Michael N. Alexander, Peggy Bernardy, Fran Bremer

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No abstract provided.

Cults And Conversion: The Case For Informed Consent, Richard Delgado

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No abstract provided.

Solar Access And Property Rights: Reply To A Maverick Analysis, Dale Goble

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No abstract provided.

Sentencing Reform And Parole Release Guidelines, Albert W. Alschuler

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Although parole release guidelines have achieved many of the advantages of determinate sentencing, they raise troublesome issues. Subject to important caveats, the author maintains that sentencing guidelines can better be administered by courts than by parole boards. He also maintains that current federal parole guidelines unfairly disregard plea bargained charge reductions, and that the construction of equitable guidelines requires detailed offense-by-offense and situation-by-situation studies that have not yet been undertaken.